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    <itunes:subtitle>Listen to the Westminster Confession and Catechisms in a year.</itunes:subtitle>
    <itunes:summary>Listen to the Westminster Confession and Catechisms in a year.  Based on Calendar of Readings in the Westminster Standards by Dr. Joey Pipa.</itunes:summary>
    <item>
      <title>WCF 20.4 — Of Christian liberty, and liberty of conscience, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/03</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 20: Of Christian Liberty, and Liberty of Conscience</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> And because the powers which God hath ordained, and the liberty which Christ hath purchased, are not intended by God to destroy, but mutually to uphold and preserve one another, they who, upon pretense of Christian liberty, shall oppose any lawful power, or the lawful exercise of it, whether it be civil or ecclesiastical, resist the ordinance of God.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> And, for their publishing of such opinions, or maintaining of such practices, as are contrary to the light of nature, or to the known principles of Christianity (whether concerning faith, worship, or conversation), or to the power of godliness; or, such erroneous opinions or practices, as either in their own nature, or in the manner of publishing or maintaining them, are destructive to the external peace and order which Christ hath established in the church, they may lawfully be called to account, and proceeded against, by the censures of the church.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 2:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Be subject for the Lord’s sake to every human institution, whether it be to the emperor as supreme, or to governors as sent by him to punish those who do evil and to praise those who do good.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 2:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Live as people who are free, not using your freedom as a cover-up for evil, but living as servants of God.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 13:1-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God. Therefore whoever resists the authorities resists what God has appointed, and those who resist will incur judgment. For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Would you have no fear of the one who is in authority? Then do what is good, and you will receive his approval, for he is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain. For he is the servant of God, an avenger who carries out God’s wrath on the wrongdoer. Therefore one must be in subjection, not only to avoid God’s wrath but also for the sake of conscience. For because of this you also pay taxes, for the authorities are ministers of God, attending to this very thing. Pay to all what is owed to them: taxes to whom taxes are owed, revenue to whom revenue is owed, respect to whom respect is owed, honor to whom honor is owed.</p> <p>Owe no one anything, except to love each other, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 13:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Obey your leaders and submit to them, for they are keeping watch over your souls, as those who will have to give an account. Let them do this with joy and not with groaning, for that would be of no advantage to you.</p> </div> <h5>1 Thessalonians 5:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>We ask you, brothers, to respect those who labor among you and are over you in the Lord and admonish you, and to esteem them very highly in love because of their work. Be at peace among yourselves.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Though they know God’s righteous decree that those who practice such things deserve to die, they not only do them but give approval to those who practice them.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>It is actually reported that there is sexual immorality among you, and of a kind that is not tolerated even among pagans, for a man has his father’s wife.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 5:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>you are to deliver this man to Satan for the destruction of the flesh, so that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 5:11-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But now I am writing to you not to associate with anyone who bears the name of brother if he is guilty of sexual immorality or greed, or is an idolater, reviler, drunkard, or swindler—not even to eat with such a one. For what have I to do with judging outsiders? Is it not those inside the church whom you are to judge? God judges those outside. “Purge the evil person from among you.”</p> </div> <h5>2 John 10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If anyone comes to you and does not bring this teaching, do not receive him into your house or give him any greeting, for whoever greets him takes part in his wicked works.</p> </div> <h5>2 Thessalonians 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now we command you, brothers, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you keep away from any brother who is walking in idleness and not in accord with the tradition that you received from us.</p> </div> <h5>2 Thessalonians 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If anyone does not obey what we say in this letter, take note of that person, and have nothing to do with him, that he may be ashamed.</p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 6:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If anyone teaches a different doctrine and does not agree with the sound words of our Lord Jesus Christ and the teaching that accords with godliness, he is puffed up with conceit and understands nothing. He has an unhealthy craving for controversy and for quarrels about words, which produce envy, dissension, slander, evil suspicions,</p> </div> <h5>Titus 1:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For there are many who are insubordinate, empty talkers and deceivers, especially those of the circumcision party. They must be silenced, since they are upsetting whole families by teaching for shameful gain what they ought not to teach.</p> </div> <h5>Titus 1:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>This testimony is true. Therefore rebuke them sharply, that they may be sound in the faith, not devoting themselves to Jewish myths and the commands of people who turn away from the truth.</p> </div> <h5>Titus 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>As for a person who stirs up division, after warning him once and then twice, have nothing more to do with him,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 16:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I appeal to you, brothers, to watch out for those who cause divisions and create obstacles contrary to the doctrine that you have been taught; avoid them.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 18:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“If your brother sins against you, go and tell him his fault, between you and him alone. If he listens to you, you have gained your brother.</span> <span class="woc">But if he does not listen, take one or two others along with you, that every charge may be established by the evidence of two or three witnesses.</span> <span class="woc">If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church. And if he refuses to listen even to the church, let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector.</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 1:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>holding faith and a good conscience. By rejecting this, some have made shipwreck of their faith, among whom are Hymenaeus and Alexander, whom I have handed over to Satan that they may learn not to blaspheme.</p> </div> <h5>Revelation 2:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“‘I know your works, your toil and your patient endurance, and how you cannot bear with those who are evil, but have tested those who call themselves apostles and are not, and found them to be false.</span></p> </div> <h5>Revelation 2:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But I have a few things against you: you have some there who hold the teaching of Balaam, who taught Balak to put a stumbling block before the sons of Israel, so that they might eat food sacrificed to idols and practice sexual immorality.</span> <span class="woc">So also you have some who hold the teaching of the Nicolaitans.</span></p> </div> <h5>Revelation 2:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But I have this against you, that you tolerate that woman Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess and is teaching and seducing my servants to practice sexual immorality and to eat food sacrificed to idols.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <title>WCF 20.3 — Of Christian liberty, and liberty of conscience, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/02</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 20: Of Christian Liberty, and Liberty of Conscience</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> They who, upon pretense of Christian liberty, do practice any sin, or cherish any lust, do thereby destroy the end of Christian liberty, which is, that being delivered out of the hands of our enemies, we might serve the Lord without fear, in holiness and righteousness before him, all the days of our life.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 5:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For you were called to freedom, brothers. Only do not use your freedom as an opportunity for the flesh, but through love serve one another.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 2:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Live as people who are free, not using your freedom as a cover-up for evil, but living as servants of God.</p> </div> <h5>2 Peter 2:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>They promise them freedom, but they themselves are slaves of corruption. For whatever overcomes a person, to that he is enslaved.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 6:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>What then? Are we to sin because we are not under law but under grace? By no means!</p> </div> <h5>John 8:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus answered them, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, everyone who practices sin is a slave to sin.</span></p> </div> <h5>Luke 1:74-75</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="indent"></span>that we, being delivered from the hand of our enemies,<br/> might serve him without fear,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in holiness and righteousness before him all our days.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 02 Sep 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 20.2 — Of Christian liberty, and liberty of conscience, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/01</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 20: Of Christian Liberty, and Liberty of Conscience</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> God alone is Lord of the conscience,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and hath left it free from the doctrines and commandments of men, which are, in anything, contrary to his Word; or beside it, if matters of faith, or worship.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> So that, to believe such doctrines, or to obey such commands, out of conscience, is to betray true liberty of conscience:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and the requiring of an implicit faith, and an absolute and blind obedience, is to destroy liberty of conscience, and reason also.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>There is only one lawgiver and judge, he who is able to save and to destroy. But who are you to judge your neighbor?</p> </div> <h5>Romans 14:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Who are you to pass judgment on the servant of another? It is before his own master that he stands or falls. And he will be upheld, for the Lord is able to make him stand.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 14:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Why do you pass judgment on your brother? Or you, why do you despise your brother? For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God;</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 10:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I do not mean your conscience, but his. For why should my liberty be determined by someone else’s conscience?</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 4:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But Peter and John answered them, “Whether it is right in the sight of God to listen to you rather than to God, you must judge,</p> </div> <h5>Acts 5:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But Peter and the apostles answered, “We must obey God rather than men.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 7:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For he who was called in the Lord as a bondservant is a freedman of the Lord. Likewise he who was free when called is a bondservant of Christ. You were bought with a price; do not become bondservants of men.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 15:1-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then Pharisees and scribes came to Jesus from Jerusalem and said, “Why do your disciples break the tradition of the elders? For they do not wash their hands when they eat.” He answered them, <span class="woc">“And why do you break the commandment of God for the sake of your tradition?</span> <span class="woc">For God commanded, ‘Honor your father and your mother,’ and, ‘Whoever reviles father or mother must surely die.’</span> <span class="woc">But you say, ‘If anyone tells his father or his mother, “What you would have gained from me is given to God,”</span> <span class="woc">he need not honor his father.’</span> <span class="woc">So for the sake of your tradition you have made void the word of God.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 23:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But you are not to be called rabbi, for you have one teacher, and you are all brothers.</span> <span class="woc">And call no man your father on earth, for you have one Father, who is in heaven.</span> <span class="woc">Neither be called instructors, for you have one instructor, the Christ.</span></p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 1:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Not that we lord it over your faith, but we work with you for your joy, for you stand firm in your faith.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 15:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">in vain do they worship me,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.’”</span></p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 2:20-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If with Christ you died to the elemental spirits of the world, why, as if you were still alive in the world, do you submit to regulations—“Do not handle, Do not taste, Do not touch” (referring to things that all perish as they are used)—according to human precepts and teachings? These have indeed an appearance of wisdom in promoting self-made religion and asceticism and severity to the body, but they are of no value in stopping the indulgence of the flesh.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For am I now seeking the approval of man, or of God? Or am I trying to please man? If I were still trying to please man, I would not be a servant of Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 2:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Yet because of false brothers secretly brought in—who slipped in to spy out our freedom that we have in Christ Jesus, so that they might bring us into slavery—to them we did not yield in submission even for a moment, so that the truth of the gospel might be preserved for you.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 4:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But now that you have come to know God, or rather to be known by God, how can you turn back again to the weak and worthless elementary principles of the world, whose slaves you want to be once more? You observe days and months and seasons and years!</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For freedom Christ has set us free; stand firm therefore, and do not submit again to a yoke of slavery.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 10:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 8:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>To the teaching and to the testimony! If they will not speak according to this word, it is because they have no dawn.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 17:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now these Jews were more noble than those in Thessalonica; they received the word with all eagerness, examining the Scriptures daily to see if these things were so.</p> </div> <h5>John 4:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">You worship what you do not know; we worship what we know, for salvation is from the Jews.</span></p> </div> <h5>Revelation 13:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>It exercises all the authority of the first beast in its presence, and makes the earth and its inhabitants worship the first beast, whose mortal wound was healed.</p> </div> <h5>Revelation 13:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Also it causes all, both small and great, both rich and poor, both free and slave, to be marked on the right hand or the forehead, so that no one can buy or sell unless he has the mark, that is, the name of the beast or the number of its name.</p> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 8:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The wise men shall be put to shame;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they shall be dismayed and taken;<br/> behold, they have rejected the word of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so what wisdom is in them?</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Peter 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but in your hearts honor Christ the Lord as holy, always being prepared to make a defense to anyone who asks you for a reason for the hope that is in you; yet do it with gentleness and respect,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 20.1 — Of Christian liberty, and liberty of conscience, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/31</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 20: Of Christian Liberty, and Liberty of Conscience</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> The liberty which Christ hath purchased for believers under the gospel consists in their freedom from the guilt of sin, the condemning wrath of God, the curse of the moral law;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and, in their being delivered from this present evil world, bondage to Satan, and dominion of sin;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> from the evil of afflictions, the sting of death, the victory of the grave, and everlasting damnation;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> as also, in their free access to God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> and their yielding obedience unto him, not out of slavish fear, but a childlike love and willing mind.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> All which were common also to believers under the law.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> But, under the new testament, the liberty of Christians is further enlarged, in their freedom from the yoke of the ceremonial law, to which the Jewish church was subjected;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup> and in greater boldness of access to the throne of grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf8">8</sup> and in fuller communications of the free Spirit of God, than believers under the law did ordinarily partake of.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf9">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56002014.01-1">who gave himself for us to redeem us from all lawlessness and to purify for himself a people for his own possession who are zealous for good works.</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52001010.01-2">and to wait for his Son from heaven, whom he raised from the dead, Jesus who delivers us from the wrath to come.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003013.01-3">Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us—for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree”—  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48001004.01-1">who gave himself for our sins to deliver us from the present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father,</p> </div><h5>Colossians 1:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001013.01-2">He has delivered us from the domain of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of his beloved Son,</p> </div><h5>Acts 26:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44026018.01-3"><span class="woc">to open their eyes, so that they may turn from darkness to light and from the power of Satan to God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a place among those who are sanctified by faith in me.’</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 6:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006014.01-4">For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purpose.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:71</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">It is good for me that I was afflicted,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I might learn your statutes.</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 4:15-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For it is all for your sake, so that as grace extends to more and more people it may increase thanksgiving, to the glory of God.</p> <p>So we do not lose heart. Though our outer self is wasting away, our inner self is being renewed day by day. For this light momentary affliction is preparing for us an eternal weight of glory beyond all comparison, as we look not to the things that are seen but to the things that are unseen. For the things that are seen are transient, but the things that are unseen are eternal.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 15:54-57</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>When the perishable puts on the imperishable, and the mortal puts on immortality, then shall come to pass the saying that is written:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Death is swallowed up in victory.”<br/> “O death, where is your victory?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O death, where is your sting?”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">The sting of death is sin, and the power of sin is the law. But thanks be to God, who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 5:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Since, therefore, we have now been justified by his blood, much more shall we be saved by him from the wrath of God.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.</p> </div> <h5>1 Thessalonians 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and to wait for his Son from heaven, whom he raised from the dead, Jesus who delivers us from the wrath to come.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45005001-1">5:1 </span>Therefore, since we have been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ. Through him we have also obtained access by faith into this grace in which we stand, and we rejoice in hope of the glory of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For all who are led by the Spirit of God are sons of God. For you did not receive the spirit of slavery to fall back into fear, but you have received the Spirit of adoption as sons, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!”</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And because you are sons, God has sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, “Abba! Father!”</p> </div> <h5>1 John 4:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>There is no fear in love, but perfect love casts out fear. For fear has to do with punishment, and whoever fears has not been perfected in love.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the Scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, preached the gospel beforehand to Abraham, saying, “In you shall all the nations be blessed.” So then, those who are of faith are blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>so that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promised Spirit through faith.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 4:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>just as David also speaks of the blessing of the one to whom God counts righteousness apart from works:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Blessed are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and whose sins are covered;<br/> blessed is the man against whom the Lord will not count his sin.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 10:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and all ate the same spiritual food, and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 11:1-40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of things not seen. For by it the people of old received their commendation. By faith we understand that the universe was created by the word of God, so that what is seen was not made out of things that are visible.</p> <p>By faith Abel offered to God a more acceptable sacrifice than Cain, through which he was commended as righteous, God commending him by accepting his gifts. And through his faith, though he died, he still speaks. By faith Enoch was taken up so that he should not see death, and he was not found, because God had taken him. Now before he was taken he was commended as having pleased God. And without faith it is impossible to please him, for whoever would draw near to God must believe that he exists and that he rewards those who seek him. By faith Noah, being warned by God concerning events as yet unseen, in reverent fear constructed an ark for the saving of his household. By this he condemned the world and became an heir of the righteousness that comes by faith.</p> <p>By faith Abraham obeyed when he was called to go out to a place that he was to receive as an inheritance. And he went out, not knowing where he was going. By faith he went to live in the land of promise, as in a foreign land, living in tents with Isaac and Jacob, heirs with him of the same promise. For he was looking forward to the city that has foundations, whose designer and builder is God. By faith Sarah herself received power to conceive, even when she was past the age, since she considered him faithful who had promised. Therefore from one man, and him as good as dead, were born descendants as many as the stars of heaven and as many as the innumerable grains of sand by the seashore.</p> <p>These all died in faith, not having received the things promised, but having seen them and greeted them from afar, and having acknowledged that they were strangers and exiles on the earth. For people who speak thus make it clear that they are seeking a homeland. If they had been thinking of that land from which they had gone out, they would have had opportunity to return. But as it is, they desire a better country, that is, a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God, for he has prepared for them a city.</p> <p>By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac, and he who had received the promises was in the act of offering up his only son, of whom it was said, “Through Isaac shall your offspring be named.” He considered that God was able even to raise him from the dead, from which, figuratively speaking, he did receive him back. By faith Isaac invoked future blessings on Jacob and Esau. By faith Jacob, when dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph, bowing in worship over the head of his staff. By faith Joseph, at the end of his life, made mention of the exodus of the Israelites and gave directions concerning his bones.</p> <p>By faith Moses, when he was born, was hidden for three months by his parents, because they saw that the child was beautiful, and they were not afraid of the king’s edict. By faith Moses, when he was grown up, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh’s daughter, choosing rather to be mistreated with the people of God than to enjoy the fleeting pleasures of sin. He considered the reproach of Christ greater wealth than the treasures of Egypt, for he was looking to the reward. By faith he left Egypt, not being afraid of the anger of the king, for he endured as seeing him who is invisible. By faith he kept the Passover and sprinkled the blood, so that the Destroyer of the firstborn might not touch them.</p> <p>By faith the people crossed the Red Sea as on dry land, but the Egyptians, when they attempted to do the same, were drowned. By faith the walls of Jericho fell down after they had been encircled for seven days. By faith Rahab the prostitute did not perish with those who were disobedient, because she had given a friendly welcome to the spies.</p> <p>And what more shall I say? For time would fail me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets—who through faith conquered kingdoms, enforced justice, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions, quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, were made strong out of weakness, became mighty in war, put foreign armies to flight. Women received back their dead by resurrection. Some were tortured, refusing to accept release, so that they might rise again to a better life. Others suffered mocking and flogging, and even chains and imprisonment. They were stoned, they were sawn in two, they were killed with the sword. They went about in skins of sheep and goats, destitute, afflicted, mistreated—of whom the world was not worthy—wandering about in deserts and mountains, and in dens and caves of the earth.</p> <p>And all these, though commended through their faith, did not receive what was promised, since God had provided something better for us, that apart from us they should not be made perfect.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 4:1-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I mean that the heir, as long as he is a child, is no different from a slave, though he is the owner of everything, but he is under guardians and managers until the date set by his father. In the same way we also, when we were children, were enslaved to the elementary principles of the world. But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law, to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive adoption as sons. And because you are sons, God has sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, “Abba! Father!” So you are no longer a slave, but a son, and if a son, then an heir through God.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For freedom Christ has set us free; stand firm therefore, and do not submit again to a yoke of slavery.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 15:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now, therefore, why are you putting God to the test by placing a yoke on the neck of the disciples that neither our fathers nor we have been able to bear? But we believe that we will be saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus, just as they will.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 4:14-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Since then we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus, the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession. For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who in every respect has been tempted as we are, yet without sin. Let us then with confidence draw near to the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 10:19-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, brothers, since we have confidence to enter the holy places by the blood of Jesus, by the new and living way that he opened for us through the curtain, that is, through his flesh, and since we have a great priest over the house of God, let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, with our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 7:38-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Whoever believes in me, as the Scripture has said, ‘Out of his heart will flow rivers of living water.’”</span> Now this he said about the Spirit, whom those who believed in him were to receive, for as yet the Spirit had not been given, because Jesus was not yet glorified.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“‘And in the last days it shall be, God declares,<br/> that I will pour out my Spirit on all flesh,<br/> and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your young men shall see visions,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your old men shall dream dreams;<br/> even on my male servants and female servants<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in those days I will pour out my Spirit, and they shall prophesy.</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 3:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>will not the ministry of the Spirit have even more glory?</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>not like Moses, who would put a veil over his face so that the Israelites might not gaze at the outcome of what was being brought to an end.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 3:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now the Lord is the Spirit, and where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is freedom. And we all, with unveiled face, beholding the glory of the Lord, are being transformed into the same image from one degree of glory to another. For this comes from the Lord who is the Spirit.</p> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 31:31-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Behold, the days are coming, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and the house of Judah, not like the covenant that I made with their fathers on the day when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, my covenant that they broke, though I was their husband, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: I will put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts. And I will be their God, and they shall be my people. And no longer shall each one teach his neighbor and each his brother, saying, ‘Know the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,’ for they shall all know me, from the least of them to the greatest, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. For I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 84 + WLC 152 — What doth every sin deserve at the hands of God?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/30</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 84.</span> What doth every sin deserve?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Every sin deserveth God's wrath and curse, both in this life, and that which is to come.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 152.</span> What doth every sin deserve at the hands of God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Every sin, even the least, being against the sovereignty,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> goodness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> and holiness of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> and against his righteous law,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> deserveth his wrath and curse,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> both in this life,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> and that which is to come;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> and cannot be expiated but by the blood of Christ.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025041.01-1"><span class="woc">“Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels.</span></p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p48003010.07-2">For all who rely on works of the law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.”</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005006.01-3">Let no one deceive you with empty words, for because of these things the wrath of God comes upon the sons of disobedience.</p> </div><h5>James 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002010.01-4">For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become accountable for all of it.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 2:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002010.01-1">For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become accountable for all of it. For he who said, “Do not commit adultery,” also said, “Do not murder.” If you do not commit adultery but do murder, you have become a transgressor of the law.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p02020001.04-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v02020001-1">20:1 </span>And God spoke all these words, saying,</p> <p class="chapter-first" id="p02020002.01-1">“I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Habakkuk 1:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p35001013.01-1">You who are of purer eyes than to see evil<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and cannot look at wrong,<br/> why do you idly look at traitors<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and remain silent when the wicked swallows up<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the man more righteous than he?</p> </div> </div><h5>Leviticus 10:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03010003.01-2">Then Moses said to Aaron, “This is what the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has said, ‘Among those who are near me I will be sanctified, and before all the people I will be glorified.’” And Aaron held his peace.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 11:44-45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03011044.01-3">For I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. Consecrate yourselves therefore, and be holy, for I am holy. You shall not defile yourselves with any swarming thing that crawls on the ground. For I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> who brought you up out of the land of Egypt to be your God. You shall therefore be holy, for I am holy.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 3:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003004.01-1">Everyone who makes a practice of sinning also practices lawlessness; sin is lawlessness.</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007012.01-2">So the law is holy, and the commandment is holy and righteous and good.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 5:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005006.01-1">Let no one deceive you with empty words, for because of these things the wrath of God comes upon the sons of disobedience.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p48003010.07-2">For all who rely on works of the law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Lamentations 3:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p25003039.01-1">Why should a living man complain,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a man, about the punishment of his sins?</p> </div> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 28:15-68</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05028015.04-2">“But if you will not obey the voice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God or be careful to do all his commandments and his statutes that I command you today, then all these curses shall come upon you and overtake you. Cursed shall you be in the city, and cursed shall you be in the field. Cursed shall be your basket and your kneading bowl. Cursed shall be the fruit of your womb and the fruit of your ground, the increase of your herds and the young of your flock. Cursed shall you be when you come in, and cursed shall you be when you go out.</p> <p id="p05028020.01-2">“The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will send on you curses, confusion, and frustration in all that you undertake to do, until you are destroyed and perish quickly on account of the evil of your deeds, because you have forsaken me. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will make the pestilence stick to you until he has consumed you off the land that you are entering to take possession of it. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will strike you with wasting disease and with fever, inflammation and fiery heat, and with drought and with blight and with mildew. They shall pursue you until you perish. And the heavens over your head shall be bronze, and the earth under you shall be iron. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will make the rain of your land powder. From heaven dust shall come down on you until you are destroyed.</p> <p id="p05028025.01-2">“The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will cause you to be defeated before your enemies. You shall go out one way against them and flee seven ways before them. And you shall be a horror to all the kingdoms of the earth. And your dead body shall be food for all birds of the air and for the beasts of the earth, and there shall be no one to frighten them away. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will strike you with the boils of Egypt, and with tumors and scabs and itch, of which you cannot be healed. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will strike you with madness and blindness and confusion of mind, and you shall grope at noonday, as the blind grope in darkness, and you shall not prosper in your ways. And you shall be only oppressed and robbed continually, and there shall be no one to help you. You shall betroth a wife, but another man shall ravish her. You shall build a house, but you shall not dwell in it. You shall plant a vineyard, but you shall not enjoy its fruit. Your ox shall be slaughtered before your eyes, but you shall not eat any of it. Your donkey shall be seized before your face, but shall not be restored to you. Your sheep shall be given to your enemies, but there shall be no one to help you. Your sons and your daughters shall be given to another people, while your eyes look on and fail with longing for them all day long, but you shall be helpless. A nation that you have not known shall eat up the fruit of your ground and of all your labors, and you shall be only oppressed and crushed continually, so that you are driven mad by the sights that your eyes see. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will strike you on the knees and on the legs with grievous boils of which you cannot be healed, from the sole of your foot to the crown of your head.</p> <p id="p05028036.01-2">“The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring you and your king whom you set over you to a nation that neither you nor your fathers have known. And there you shall serve other gods of wood and stone. And you shall become a horror, a proverb, and a byword among all the peoples where the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will lead you away. You shall carry much seed into the field and shall gather in little, for the locust shall consume it. You shall plant vineyards and dress them, but you shall neither drink of the wine nor gather the grapes, for the worm shall eat them. You shall have olive trees throughout all your territory, but you shall not anoint yourself with the oil, for your olives shall drop off. You shall father sons and daughters, but they shall not be yours, for they shall go into captivity. The cricket shall possess all your trees and the fruit of your ground. The sojourner who is among you shall rise higher and higher above you, and you shall come down lower and lower. He shall lend to you, and you shall not lend to him. He shall be the head, and you shall be the tail.</p> <p id="p05028045.01-2">“All these curses shall come upon you and pursue you and overtake you till you are destroyed, because you did not obey the voice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, to keep his commandments and his statutes that he commanded you. They shall be a sign and a wonder against you and your offspring forever. Because you did not serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with joyfulness and gladness of heart, because of the abundance of all things, therefore you shall serve your enemies whom the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will send against you, in hunger and thirst, in nakedness, and lacking everything. And he will put a yoke of iron on your neck until he has destroyed you. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring a nation against you from far away, from the end of the earth, swooping down like the eagle, a nation whose language you do not understand, a hard-faced nation who shall not respect the old or show mercy to the young. It shall eat the offspring of your cattle and the fruit of your ground, until you are destroyed; it also shall not leave you grain, wine, or oil, the increase of your herds or the young of your flock, until they have caused you to perish.</p> <p id="p05028052.01-2">“They shall besiege you in all your towns, until your high and fortified walls, in which you trusted, come down throughout all your land. And they shall besiege you in all your towns throughout all your land, which the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has given you. And you shall eat the fruit of your womb, the flesh of your sons and daughters, whom the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has given you, in the siege and in the distress with which your enemies shall distress you. The man who is the most tender and refined among you will begrudge food to his brother, to the wife he embraces, and to the last of the children whom he has left, so that he will not give to any of them any of the flesh of his children whom he is eating, because he has nothing else left, in the siege and in the distress with which your enemy shall distress you in all your towns. The most tender and refined woman among you, who would not venture to set the sole of her foot on the ground because she is so delicate and tender, will begrudge to the husband she embraces, to her son and to her daughter, her afterbirth that comes out from between her feet and her children whom she bears, because lacking everything she will eat them secretly, in the siege and in the distress with which your enemy shall distress you in your towns.</p> <p id="p05028058.01-2">“If you are not careful to do all the words of this law that are written in this book, that you may fear this glorious and awesome name, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring on you and your offspring extraordinary afflictions, afflictions severe and lasting, and sicknesses grievous and lasting. And he will bring upon you again all the diseases of Egypt, of which you were afraid, and they shall cling to you. Every sickness also and every affliction that is not recorded in the book of this law, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring upon you, until you are destroyed. Whereas you were as numerous as the stars of heaven, you shall be left few in number, because you did not obey the voice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. And as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> took delight in doing you good and multiplying you, so the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will take delight in bringing ruin upon you and destroying you. And you shall be plucked off the land that you are entering to take possession of it.</p> <p id="p05028064.01-2">“And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will scatter you among all peoples, from one end of the earth to the other, and there you shall serve other gods of wood and stone, which neither you nor your fathers have known. And among these nations you shall find no respite, and there shall be no resting place for the sole of your foot, but the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will give you there a trembling heart and failing eyes and a languishing soul. Your life shall hang in doubt before you. Night and day you shall be in dread and have no assurance of your life. In the morning you shall say, ‘If only it were evening!’ and at evening you shall say, ‘If only it were morning!’ because of the dread that your heart shall feel, and the sights that your eyes shall see. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring you back in ships to Egypt, a journey that I promised that you should never make again; and there you shall offer yourselves for sale to your enemies as male and female slaves, but there will be no buyer.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025041.01-1"><span class="woc">“Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 9:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009022.01-1">Indeed, under the law almost everything is purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness of sins.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 1:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001018.01-2">knowing that you were ransomed from the futile ways inherited from your forefathers, not with perishable things such as silver or gold, but with the precious blood of Christ, like that of a lamb without blemish or spot.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <title>WLC 151 — What are those aggravations that make some sins more heinous than others?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/29</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 151.</span> What are those aggravations that make some sins more heinous than others?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Sins receive their aggravations,</p><ol><li>From the persons offending:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> if they be of riper age,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> greater experience or grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> eminent for profession,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> gifts,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> place,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> office,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> guides to others,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> and whose example is likely to be followed by others.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup></li><li>From the parties offended:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">10</sup> if immediately against God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">11</sup> his attributes,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">12</sup> and worship;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">13</sup> against Christ, and his grace;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">14</sup> the Holy Spirit,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">15</sup> his witness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">16</sup> and workings;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">17</sup> against superiors, men of eminency,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc18">18</sup> and such as we stand especially related and engaged unto;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc19">19</sup> against any of the saints,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc20">20</sup> particularly weak brethren,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc21">21</sup> the souls of them, or any other,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc22">22</sup> and the common good of all or many.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc23">23</sup></li><li>From the nature and quality of the offense:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc24">24</sup> if it be against the express letter of the law,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc25">25</sup> break many commandments, contain in it many sins:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc26">26</sup> if not only conceived in the heart, but breaks forth in words and actions,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc27">27</sup> scandalize others,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc28">28</sup> and admit of no reparation:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc29">29</sup> if against means,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc30">30</sup> mercies,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc31">31</sup> judgments,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc32">32</sup> light of nature,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc33">33</sup> conviction of conscience,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc34">34</sup> public or private admonition,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc35">35</sup> censures of the church,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc36">36</sup> civil punishments;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc37">37</sup> and our prayers, purposes, promises,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc38">38</sup> vows,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc39">39</sup> covenants,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc40">40</sup> and engagements to God or men:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc41">41</sup> if done deliberately,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc42">42</sup> willfully,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc43">43</sup> presumptuously,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc44">44</sup> impudently,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc45">45</sup> boastingly,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc46">46</sup> maliciously,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc47">47</sup> frequently,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc48">48</sup> obstinately,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc49">49</sup> with delight,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc50">50</sup> continuance,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc51">51</sup> or relapsing after repentance.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc52">52</sup></li><li>From circumstances of time<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc53">53</sup> and place:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc54">54</sup> if on the Lord's Day,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc55">55</sup> or other times of divine worship;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc56">56</sup> or immediately before<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc57">57</sup> or after these,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc58">58</sup> or other helps to prevent or remedy such miscarriages:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc59">59</sup> if in public, or in the presence of others, who are thereby likely to be provoked or defiled.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc60">60</sup></li></ol><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24002008.01-1">The priests did not say, ‘Where is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>?’<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Those who handle the law did not know me;<br/> the shepherds transgressed against me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the prophets prophesied by Baal<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and went after things that do not profit.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Job 32:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18032007.01-1">I said, ‘Let days speak,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and many years teach wisdom.’</p> </div> </div><h5>Job 32:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18032009.01-2">It is not the old who are wise,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor the aged who understand what is right.</p> </div> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21004013.01-3">Better was a poor and wise youth than an old and foolish king who no longer knew how to take advice.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Kings 11:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11011004.01-1">For when Solomon was old his wives turned away his heart after other gods, and his heart was not wholly true to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> his God, as was the heart of David his father.</p> </div><h5>1 Kings 11:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p11011009.05-2">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> was angry with Solomon, because his heart had turned away from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel, who had appeared to him twice  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Samuel 12:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10012014.01-1">Nevertheless, because by this deed you have utterly scorned the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the child who is born to you shall die.”</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46005001.06-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v46005001-2">5:1 </span>It is actually reported that there is sexual immorality among you, and of a kind that is not tolerated even among pagans, for a man has his father's wife.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 4:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59004017.01-1">So whoever knows the right thing to do and fails to do it, for him it is sin.</p> </div><h5>Luke 12:47-48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42012047.01-2"><span class="woc">And that servant who knew his master's will but did not get ready or act according to his will, will receive a severe beating.</span> <span class="woc">But the one who did not know, and did what deserved a beating, will receive a light beating. Everyone to whom much was given, of him much will be required, and from him to whom they entrusted much, they will demand the more.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 5:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24005004.01-1">Then I said, “These are only the poor;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they have no sense;<br/> for they do not know the way of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the justice of their God.<br/>  I will go to the great<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and will speak to them,<br/> for they know the way of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the justice of their God.”<br/> But they all alike had broken the yoke;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they had burst the bonds.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Samuel 12:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10012007.01-1">Nathan said to David, “You are the man! Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel, ‘I anointed you king over Israel, and I delivered you out of the hand of Saul. And I gave you your master's house and your master's wives into your arms and gave you the house of Israel and of Judah. And if this were too little, I would add to you as much more. Why have you despised the word of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, to do what is evil in his sight? You have struck down Uriah the Hittite with the sword and have taken his wife to be your wife and have killed him with the sword of the Ammonites.</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 8:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26008011.01-2">And before them stood seventy men of the elders of the house of Israel, with Jaazaniah the son of Shaphan standing among them. Each had his censer in his hand, and the smoke of the cloud of incense went up. Then he said to me, “Son of man, have you seen what the elders of the house of Israel are doing in the dark, each in his room of pictures? For they say, ‘The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> does not see us, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has forsaken the land.’”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 2:17-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002017.01-1">But if you call yourself a Jew and rely on the law and boast in God and know his will and approve what is excellent, because you are instructed from the law; and if you are sure that you yourself are a guide to the blind, a light to those who are in darkness, an instructor of the foolish, a teacher of children, having in the law the embodiment of knowledge and truth— you then who teach others, do you not teach yourself? While you preach against stealing, do you steal? You who say that one must not commit adultery, do you commit adultery? You who abhor idols, do you rob temples? You who boast in the law dishonor God by breaking the law. For, as it is written, “The name of God is blasphemed among the Gentiles because of you.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 2:11-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p48002011.04-1">But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. For before certain men came from James, he was eating with the Gentiles; but when they came he drew back and separated himself, fearing the circumcision party. And the rest of the Jews acted hypocritically along with him, so that even Barnabas was led astray by their hypocrisy. But when I saw that their conduct was not in step with the truth of the gospel, I said to Cephas before them all, “If you, though a Jew, live like a Gentile and not like a Jew, how can you force the Gentiles to live like Jews?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19002012.01-1">Kiss the Son,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>lest he be angry, and you perish in the way,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his wrath is quickly kindled.<br/> Blessed are all who take refuge in him.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 21:38-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40021038.01-2"><span class="woc">But when the tenants saw the son, they said to themselves, ‘This is the heir. Come, let us kill him and have his inheritance.’</span> <span class="woc">And they took him and threw him out of the vineyard and killed him.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 2:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09002025.01-1">If someone sins against a man, God will mediate for him, but if someone sins against the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, who can intercede for him?” But they would not listen to the voice of their father, for it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to put them to death.</p> </div><h5>Acts 5:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44005004.01-2">While it remained unsold, did it not remain your own? And after it was sold, was it not at your disposal? Why is it that you have contrived this deed in your heart? You have not lied to men but to God.”</p> </div><h5>Psalm 5:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19005004.01-3">For you are not a God who delights in wickedness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>evil may not dwell with you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002004.01-1">Or do you presume on the riches of his kindness and forbearance and patience, not knowing that God's kindness is meant to lead you to repentance?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Malachi 1:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39001008.01-1">When you offer blind animals in sacrifice, is that not evil? And when you offer those that are lame or sick, is that not evil? Present that to your governor; will he accept you or show you favor? says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts.</p> </div><h5>Malachi 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39001014.01-2">Cursed be the cheat who has a male in his flock, and vows it, and yet sacrifices to the Lord what is blemished. For I am a great King, says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts, and my name will be feared among the nations.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 2:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002002.01-1">For since the message declared by angels proved to be reliable, and every transgression or disobedience received a just retribution, how shall we escape if we neglect such a great salvation? It was declared at first by the Lord, and it was attested to us by those who heard,</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 12:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012025.01-2">See that you do not refuse him who is speaking. For if they did not escape when they refused him who warned them on earth, much less will we escape if we reject him who warns from heaven.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 10:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010028.01-1">Anyone who has set aside the law of Moses dies without mercy on the evidence of two or three witnesses. How much worse punishment, do you think, will be deserved by the one who has spurned the Son of God, and has profaned the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified, and has outraged the Spirit of grace?</p> </div><h5>Matthew 12:31-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40012031.01-2"><span class="woc">Therefore I tell you, every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven people, but the blasphemy against the Spirit will not be forgiven.</span> <span class="woc">And whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven, but whoever speaks against the Holy Spirit will not be forgiven, either in this age or in the age to come.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004030.01-1">And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 6:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006004.01-1">For it is impossible, in the case of those who have once been enlightened, who have tasted the heavenly gift, and have shared in the Holy Spirit, and have tasted the goodness of the word of God and the powers of the age to come, and then have fallen away, to restore them again to repentance, since they are crucifying once again the Son of God to their own harm and holding him up to contempt.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jude 1:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p65001008.01-1">Yet in like manner these people also, relying on their dreams, defile the flesh, reject authority, and blaspheme the glorious ones.</p> </div><h5>Numbers 12:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p04012008.01-2">With him I speak mouth to mouth, clearly, and not in riddles, and he beholds the form of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. Why then were you not afraid to speak against my servant Moses?” And the anger of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> was kindled against them, and he departed.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23003005.01-3">And the people will oppress one another,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>every one his fellow<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and every one his neighbor;<br/> the youth will be insolent to the elder,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the despised to the honorable.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc19"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 30:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20030017.01-1">The eye that mocks a father<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and scorns to obey a mother<br/> will be picked out by the ravens of the valley<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and eaten by the vultures.</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 12:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47012015.01-2">I will most gladly spend and be spent for your souls. If I love you more, am I to be loved less?</p> </div><h5>Psalm 55:12-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19055012.01-3">For it is not an enemy who taunts me—<br/> <span class="indent"></span>then I could bear it;<br/> it is not an adversary who deals insolently with me—<br/> <span class="indent"></span>then I could hide from him.<br/>  But it is you, a man, my equal,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my companion, my familiar friend.<br/>  We used to take sweet counsel together;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>within God's house we walked in the throng.<br/>  Let death steal over them;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let them go down to Sheol alive;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for evil is in their dwelling place and in their heart.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc20"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Zephaniah 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p36002008.01-1">“I have heard the taunts of Moab<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the revilings of the Ammonites,<br/> how they have taunted my people<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and made boasts against their territory.</p> </div> </div><h5>Zephaniah 2:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p36002010.01-2">This shall be their lot in return for their pride,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because they taunted and boasted<br/> <span class="indent"></span>against the people of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts.<br/>  The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will be awesome against them;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he will famish all the gods of the earth,<br/> and to him shall bow down,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>each in its place,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all the lands of the nations.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 18:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40018006.01-3"><span class="woc">but whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in me to sin, it would be better for him to have a great millstone fastened around his neck and to be drowned in the depth of the sea.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 6:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46006008.01-4">But you yourselves wrong and defraud—even your own brothers!</p> </div><h5>Revelation 17:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66017006.01-5">And I saw the woman, drunk with the blood of the saints, the blood of the martyrs of Jesus.</p> <p id="p66017006.20-5">When I saw her, I marveled greatly.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc21"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 8:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46008011.01-1">And so by your knowledge this weak person is destroyed, the brother for whom Christ died. Thus, sinning against your brothers and wounding their conscience when it is weak, you sin against Christ.</p> </div><h5>Romans 14:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45014013.07-2">Therefore let us not pass judgment on one another any longer, but rather decide never to put a stumbling block or hindrance in the way of a brother.</p> </div><h5>Romans 14:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45014015.01-3">For if your brother is grieved by what you eat, you are no longer walking in love. By what you eat, do not destroy the one for whom Christ died.</p> </div><h5>Romans 14:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45014021.01-4">It is good not to eat meat or drink wine or do anything that causes your brother to stumble.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc22"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 13:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26013019.01-1">You have profaned me among my people for handfuls of barley and for pieces of bread, putting to death souls who should not die and keeping alive souls who should not live, by your lying to my people, who listen to lies.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 8:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46008012.01-2">Thus, sinning against your brothers and wounding their conscience when it is weak, you sin against Christ.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 18:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66018012.01-3">cargo of gold, silver, jewels, pearls, fine linen, purple cloth, silk, scarlet cloth, all kinds of scented wood, all kinds of articles of ivory, all kinds of articles of costly wood, bronze, iron and marble, cinnamon, spice, incense, myrrh, frankincense, wine, oil, fine flour, wheat, cattle and sheep, horses and chariots, and slaves, that is, human souls.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 23:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40023015.01-4"><span class="woc">Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you travel across sea and land to make a single proselyte, and when he becomes a proselyte, you make him twice as much a child of hell as yourselves.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc23"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 2:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52002015.01-1">who killed both the Lord Jesus and the prophets, and drove us out, and displease God and oppose all mankind by hindering us from speaking to the Gentiles that they might be saved—so as always to fill up the measure of their sins. But God's wrath has come upon them at last!</p> </div><h5>Joshua 22:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p06022020.01-2">Did not Achan the son of Zerah break faith in the matter of the devoted things, and wrath fell upon all the congregation of Israel? And he did not perish alone for his iniquity.’”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc24"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 6:30-33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20006030.01-1">People do not despise a thief if he steals<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to satisfy his appetite when he is hungry,<br/>  but if he is caught, he will pay sevenfold;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he will give all the goods of his house.<br/>  He who commits adultery lacks sense;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he who does it destroys himself.<br/>  He will get wounds and dishonor,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his disgrace will not be wiped away.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc25"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezra 9:10-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p15009010.01-1">“And now, O our God, what shall we say after this? For we have forsaken your commandments, which you commanded by your servants the prophets, saying, ‘The land that you are entering, to take possession of it, is a land impure with the impurity of the peoples of the lands, with their abominations that have filled it from end to end with their uncleanness. Therefore do not give your daughters to their sons, neither take their daughters for your sons, and never seek their peace or prosperity, that you may be strong and eat the good of the land and leave it for an inheritance to your children forever.’</p> </div><h5>1 Kings 11:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p11011009.05-2">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> was angry with Solomon, because his heart had turned away from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel, who had appeared to him twice and had commanded him concerning this thing, that he should not go after other gods. But he did not keep what the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> commanded.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc26"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003005.01-1">Put to death therefore what is earthly in you: sexual immorality, impurity, passion, evil desire, and covetousness, which is idolatry.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 6:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006010.01-2">For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evils. It is through this craving that some have wandered away from the faith and pierced themselves with many pangs.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 5:8-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20005008.01-3">Keep your way far from her,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not go near the door of her house,<br/>  lest you give your honor to others<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your years to the merciless,<br/>  lest strangers take their fill of your strength,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your labors go to the house of a foreigner,<br/>  and at the end of your life you groan,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when your flesh and body are consumed,<br/>  and you say, “How I hated discipline,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my heart despised reproof!</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 6:32-33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20006032.01-4">He who commits adultery lacks sense;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he who does it destroys himself.<br/>  He will get wounds and dishonor,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his disgrace will not be wiped away.</p> </div> </div><h5>Joshua 7:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p06007021.01-5">when I saw among the spoil a beautiful cloak from Shinar, and 200 shekels of silver, and a bar of gold weighing 50 shekels, then I coveted them and took them. And see, they are hidden in the earth inside my tent, with the silver underneath.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc27"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 1:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001014.01-1">But each person is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desire. Then desire when it has conceived gives birth to sin, and sin when it is fully grown brings forth death.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40005022.01-2"><span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment; whoever insults his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, ‘You fool!’ will be liable to the hell of fire.</span></p> </div><h5>Micah 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p33002001.05-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v33002001-3">2:1 </span>Woe to those who devise wickedness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and work evil on their beds!<br/> When the morning dawns, they perform it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because it is in the power of their hand.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc28"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 18:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40018007.04-1"><span class="woc">“Woe to the world for temptations to sin! For it is necessary that temptations come, but woe to the one by whom the temptation comes!</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 2:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002023.01-2">You who boast in the law dishonor God by breaking the law. For, as it is written, “The name of God is blasphemed among the Gentiles because of you.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc29"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 22:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05022022.01-1">“If a man is found lying with the wife of another man, both of them shall die, the man who lay with the woman, and the woman. So you shall purge the evil from Israel.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 22:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05022028.01-2">“If a man meets a virgin who is not betrothed, and seizes her and lies with her, and they are found, then the man who lay with her shall give to the father of the young woman fifty shekels of silver, and she shall be his wife, because he has violated her. He may not divorce her all his days.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 6:32-35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20006032.01-3">He who commits adultery lacks sense;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he who does it destroys himself.<br/>  He will get wounds and dishonor,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his disgrace will not be wiped away.<br/>  For jealousy makes a man furious,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he will not spare when he takes revenge.<br/>  He will accept no compensation;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he will refuse though you multiply gifts.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc30"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 11:21-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40011021.01-1"><span class="woc">“Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the mighty works done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes.</span> <span class="woc">But I tell you, it will be more bearable on the day of judgment for Tyre and Sidon than for you.</span> <span class="woc">And you, Capernaum, will you be exalted to heaven? You will be brought down to Hades. For if the mighty works done in you had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until this day.</span> <span class="woc">But I tell you that it will be more tolerable on the day of judgment for the land of Sodom than for you.”</span></p> </div><h5>John 15:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43015022.01-2"><span class="woc">If I had not come and spoken to them, they would not have been guilty of sin, but now they have no excuse for their sin.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc31"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23001003.01-1">The ox knows its owner,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the donkey its master's crib,<br/> but Israel does not know,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my people do not understand.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 32:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p05032006.01-2">Do you thus repay the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you foolish and senseless people?<br/> Is not he your father, who created you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who made you and established you?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc32"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Amos 4:8-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p30004008.01-1">so two or three cities would wander to another city<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to drink water, and would not be satisfied;<br/> yet you did not return to me,”<br/> <span class="declares-line"></span> declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p30004009.01-1">“I struck you with blight and mildew;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your many gardens and your vineyards,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your fig trees and your olive trees the locust devoured;<br/> yet you did not return to me,”<br/> <span class="declares-line"></span> declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p30004010.01-1">“I sent among you a pestilence after the manner of Egypt;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I killed your young men with the sword,<br/> and carried away your horses,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I made the stench of your camp go up into your nostrils;<br/> yet you did not return to me,”<br/> <span class="declares-line"></span> declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p30004011.01-1">“I overthrew some of you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as when God overthrew Sodom and Gomorrah,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you were as a brand plucked out of the burning;<br/> yet you did not return to me,”<br/> <span class="declares-line"></span> declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> </div><h5>Jeremiah 5:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24005003.01-2">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, do not your eyes look for truth?<br/> You have struck them down,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but they felt no anguish;<br/> you have consumed them,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but they refused to take correction.<br/> They have made their faces harder than rock;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they have refused to repent.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc33"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001026.01-1">For this reason God gave them up to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged natural relations for those that are contrary to nature; and the men likewise gave up natural relations with women and were consumed with passion for one another, men committing shameless acts with men and receiving in themselves the due penalty for their error.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc34"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001032.01-1">Though they know God's decree that those who practice such things deserve to die, they not only do them but give approval to those who practice them.</p> </div><h5>Daniel 5:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27005022.01-2">And you his son, Belshazzar, have not humbled your heart, though you knew all this,</p> </div><h5>Titus 3:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003010.01-3">As for a person who stirs up division, after warning him once and then twice, have nothing more to do with him, knowing that such a person is warped and sinful; he is self-condemned.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc35"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 29:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20029001.01-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v20029001-1">29:1 </span>He who is often reproved, yet stiffens his neck,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>will suddenly be broken beyond healing.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc36"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003010.01-1">As for a person who stirs up division, after warning him once and then twice, have nothing more to do with him,</p> </div><h5>Matthew 18:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40018017.01-2"><span class="woc">If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church. And if he refuses to listen even to the church, let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc37"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 27:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20027022.01-1">Crush a fool in a mortar with a pestle<br/> <span class="indent"></span>along with crushed grain,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>yet his folly will not depart from him.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 23:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20023035.01-2">“They struck me,” you will say, “but I was not hurt;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they beat me, but I did not feel it.<br/> When shall I awake?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I must have another drink.”<br/>   (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc38"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 78:34-37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19078034.01-1">When he killed them, they sought him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they repented and sought God earnestly.<br/>  They remembered that God was their rock,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the Most High God their redeemer.<br/>  But they flattered him with their mouths;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they lied to him with their tongues.<br/>  Their heart was not steadfast toward him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they were not faithful to his covenant.</p> </div> </div><h5>Jeremiah 2:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24002020.01-2">“For long ago I broke your yoke<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and burst your bonds;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but you said, ‘I will not serve.’<br/> Yes, on every high hill<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and under every green tree<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you bowed down like a whore.</p> </div> </div><h5>Jeremiah 13:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24013005.01-3">So I went and hid it by the Euphrates, as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> commanded me. And after many days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to me, “Arise, go to the Euphrates, and take from there the loincloth that I commanded you to hide there.”</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 13:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24013020.01-4">“Lift up your eyes and see<br/> <span class="indent"></span>those who come from the north.<br/> Where is the flock that was given you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your beautiful flock?<br/>  What will you say when they set as head over you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>those whom you yourself have taught to be friends to you?<br/> Will not pangs take hold of you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like those of a woman in labor?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc39"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ecclesiastes 5:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21005004.01-1">When you vow a vow to God, do not delay paying it, for he has no pleasure in fools. Pay what you vow. It is better that you should not vow than that you should vow and not pay. Let not your mouth lead you into sin, and do not say before the messenger that it was a mistake. Why should God be angry at your voice and destroy the work of your hands?</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 20:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20020025.01-2">It is a snare to say rashly, “It is holy,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to reflect only after making vows.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc40"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 26:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03026025.01-1">And I will bring a sword upon you, that shall execute vengeance for the covenant. And if you gather within your cities, I will send pestilence among you, and you shall be delivered into the hand of the enemy.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc41"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20002017.01-1">who forsakes the companion of her youth<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and forgets the covenant of her God;</p> </div> </div><h5>Ezekiel 7:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26007018.01-2">They put on sackcloth, and horror covers them. Shame is on all faces, and baldness on all their heads. They cast their silver into the streets, and their gold is like an unclean thing. Their silver and gold are not able to deliver them in the day of the wrath of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. They cannot satisfy their hunger or fill their stomachs with it. For it was the stumbling block of their iniquity.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc42"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 36:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19036004.01-1">He plots trouble while on his bed;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he sets himself in a way that is not good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he does not reject evil.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc43"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 6:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24006016.01-1">Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>:<br/> “Stand by the roads, and look,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and ask for the ancient paths,<br/> where the good way is; and walk in it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and find rest for your souls.<br/> But they said, ‘We will not walk in it.’  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc44"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Numbers 15:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p04015030.01-1">But the person who does anything with a high hand, whether he is native or a sojourner, reviles the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and that person shall be cut off from among his people.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 21:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02021014.01-2">But if a man willfully attacks another to kill him by cunning, you shall take him from my altar, that he may die.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc45"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 3:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24003003.01-1">Therefore the showers have been withheld,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the spring rain has not come;<br/> yet you have the forehead of a whore;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you refuse to be ashamed.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 7:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20007013.01-2">She seizes him and kisses him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with bold face she says to him,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc46"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 52:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19052001.30-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19052001-1">52:1 </span>Why do you boast of evil, O mighty man?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>The steadfast love of God endures all the day.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc47"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>3 John 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p64001010.01-1">So if I come, I will bring up what he is doing, talking wicked nonsense against us. And not content with that, he refuses to welcome the brothers, and also stops those who want to and puts them out of the church.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc48"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Numbers 14:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p04014022.01-1">none of the men who have seen my glory and my signs that I did in Egypt and in the wilderness, and yet have put me to the test these ten times and have not obeyed my voice,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc49"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Zechariah 7:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p38007011.01-1">But they refused to pay attention and turned a stubborn shoulder and stopped their ears that they might not hear. They made their hearts diamond-hard lest they should hear the law and the words that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts had sent by his Spirit through the former prophets. Therefore great anger came from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc50"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20002014.01-1">who rejoice in doing evil<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and delight in the perverseness of evil,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc51"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 57:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23057017.01-1">Because of the iniquity of his unjust gain I was angry,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I struck him; I hid my face and was angry,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but he went on backsliding in the way of his own heart.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc52"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 34:8-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24034008.01-1">The word that came to Jeremiah from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, after King Zedekiah had made a covenant with all the people in Jerusalem to make a proclamation of liberty to them, that everyone should set free his Hebrew slaves, male and female, so that no one should enslave a Jew, his brother. And they obeyed, all the officials and all the people who had entered into the covenant that everyone would set free his slave, male or female, so that they would not be enslaved again. They obeyed and set them free. But afterward they turned around and took back the male and female slaves they had set free, and brought them into subjection as slaves.</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 2:20-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61002020.01-2">For if, after they have escaped the defilements of the world through the knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, they are again entangled in them and overcome, the last state has become worse for them than the first. For it would have been better for them never to have known the way of righteousness than after knowing it to turn back from the holy commandment delivered to them. What the true proverb says has happened to them: “The dog returns to its own vomit, and the sow, after washing herself, returns to wallow in the mire.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc53"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Kings 5:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p12005026.01-1">But he said to him, “Did not my heart go when the man turned from his chariot to meet you? Was it a time to accept money and garments, olive orchards and vineyards, sheep and oxen, male servants and female servants?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc54"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 7:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24007010.01-1">and then come and stand before me in this house, which is called by my name, and say, ‘We are delivered!’—only to go on doing all these abominations?</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 26:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23026010.01-2">If favor is shown to the wicked,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he does not learn righteousness;<br/> in the land of uprightness he deals corruptly<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and does not see the majesty of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc55"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 23:37-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26023037.01-1">For they have committed adultery, and blood is on their hands. With their idols they have committed adultery, and they have even offered up to them for food the children whom they had borne to me. Moreover, this they have done to me: they have defiled my sanctuary on the same day and profaned my Sabbaths. For when they had slaughtered their children in sacrifice to their idols, on the same day they came into my sanctuary to profane it. And behold, this is what they did in my house.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc56"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 58:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23058003.01-1">‘Why have we fasted, and you see it not?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Why have we humbled ourselves, and you take no knowledge of it?’<br/> Behold, in the day of your fast you seek your own pleasure,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and oppress all your workers.<br/>  Behold, you fast only to quarrel and to fight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to hit with a wicked fist.<br/> Fasting like yours this day<br/> <span class="indent"></span>will not make your voice to be heard on high.<br/>  Is such the fast that I choose,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a day for a person to humble himself?<br/> Is it to bow down his head like a reed,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to spread sackcloth and ashes under him?<br/> Will you call this a fast,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a day acceptable to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>?</p> </div> </div><h5>Numbers 25:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p04025006.01-2">And behold, one of the people of Israel came and brought a Midianite woman to his family, in the sight of Moses and in the sight of the whole congregation of the people of Israel, while they were weeping in the entrance of the tent of meeting. When Phinehas the son of Eleazar, son of Aaron the priest, saw it, he rose and left the congregation and took a spear in his hand  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc57"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011020.01-1">When you come together, it is not the Lord's supper that you eat. For in eating, each one goes ahead with his own meal. One goes hungry, another gets drunk.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 7:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24007008.01-2">“Behold, you trust in deceptive words to no avail. Will you steal, murder, commit adultery, swear falsely, make offerings to Baal, and go after other gods that you have not known, and then come and stand before me in this house, which is called by my name, and say, ‘We are delivered!’—only to go on doing all these abominations?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc58"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 7:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20007014.01-1">“I had to offer sacrifices,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and today I have paid my vows;<br/>  so now I have come out to meet you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to seek you eagerly, and I have found you.</p> </div> </div><h5>John 13:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43013027.01-2">Then after he had taken the morsel, Satan entered into him. Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“What you are going to do, do quickly.”</span></p> </div><h5>John 13:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43013030.01-3">So, after receiving the morsel of bread, he immediately went out. And it was night.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc59"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezra 9:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p15009013.01-1">And after all that has come upon us for our evil deeds and for our great guilt, seeing that you, our God, have punished us less than our iniquities deserved and have given us such a remnant as this, shall we break your commandments again and intermarry with the peoples who practice these abominations? Would you not be angry with us until you consumed us, so that there should be no remnant, nor any to escape?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc60"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Samuel 16:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10016022.01-1">So they pitched a tent for Absalom on the roof. And Absalom went in to his father's concubines in the sight of all Israel.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 2:22-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p09002022.05-2">Now Eli was very old, and he kept hearing all that his sons were doing to all Israel, and how they lay with the women who were serving at the entrance to the tent of meeting. And he said to them, “Why do you do such things? For I hear of your evil dealings from all the people. No, my sons; it is no good report that I hear the people of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spreading abroad.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 29 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 83 + WLC 150 — Are all transgressions of the law of God equally heinous in themselves?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/28</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 83.</span> Are all transgressions of the law equally heinous?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Some sins in themselves, and by reason of several aggravations, are more heinous in the sight of God than others.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 150.</span> Are all transgressions of the law of God equally heinous in themselves, and in the sight of God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> All transgressions of the law of God are not equally heinous; but some sins in themselves, and by reason of several aggravations, are more heinous in the sight of God than others.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 8:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26008006.01-1">And he said to me, “Son of man, do you see what they are doing, the great abominations that the house of Israel are committing here, to drive me far from my sanctuary? But you will see still greater abominations.”</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 8:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26008013.01-2">He said also to me, “You will see still greater abominations that they commit.”</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 8:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26008015.01-3">Then he said to me, “Have you seen this, O son of man? You will see still greater abominations than these.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 11:20-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40011020.05-4">Then he began to denounce the cities where most of his mighty works had been done, because they did not repent. <span class="woc">“Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the mighty works done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes.</span> <span class="woc">But I tell you, it will be more bearable on the day of judgment for Tyre and Sidon than for you.</span> <span class="woc">And you, Capernaum, will you be exalted to heaven? You will be brought down to Hades. For if the mighty works done in you had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until this day.</span> <span class="woc">But I tell you that it will be more tolerable on the day of judgment for the land of Sodom than for you.”</span></p> </div><h5>John 19:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43019011.01-5">Jesus answered him, <span class="woc">“You would have no authority over me at all unless it had been given you from above. Therefore he who delivered me over to you has the greater sin.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 19:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43019011.01-1">Jesus answered him, <span class="woc">“You would have no authority over me at all unless it had been given you from above. Therefore he who delivered me over to you has the greater sin.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 John 5:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62005016.01-2">If anyone sees his brother committing a sin not leading to death, he shall ask, and God will give him life—to those who commit sins that do not lead to death. There is sin that leads to death; I do not say that one should pray for that.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 2:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002002.01-3">For since the message declared by angels proved to be reliable, and every transgression or disobedience received a just retribution, how shall we escape if we neglect such a great salvation? It was declared at first by the Lord, and it was attested to us by those who heard,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 78:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19078017.01-4">Yet they sinned still more against him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>rebelling against the Most High in the desert.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 78:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19078032.01-5">In spite of all this, they still sinned;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>despite his wonders, they did not believe.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 78:56</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19078056.01-6">Yet they tested and rebelled against the Most High God<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and did not keep his testimonies,</p> </div> </div><h5>Ezekiel 8:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26008006.01-7">And he said to me, “Son of man, do you see what they are doing, the great abominations that the house of Israel are committing here, to drive me far from my sanctuary? But you will see still greater abominations.”</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 8:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26008013.01-8">He said also to me, “You will see still greater abominations that they commit.”</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 8:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26008015.01-9">Then he said to me, “Have you seen this, O son of man? You will see still greater abominations than these.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 28 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 82 + WLC 149 — Is any man able perfectly to keep the commandments of God?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/27</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 82.</span> Is any man able perfectly to keep the commandments of God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> No mere man, since the fall, is able in this life perfectly to keep the commandments of God, but doth daily break them in thought, word, and deed.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 149.</span> Is any man able perfectly to keep the commandments of God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> No man is able, either of himself,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> or by any grace received in this life, perfectly to keep the commandments of God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> but doth daily break them in thought,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> word, and deed.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 8:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01008021.01-1">And when the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> smelled the pleasing aroma, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said in his heart, “I will never again curse the ground because of man, for the intention of man's heart is evil from his youth. Neither will I ever again strike down every living creature as I have done.</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:9-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45003009.05-2">What then? Are we Jews any better off? No, not at all. For we have already charged that all, both Jews and Greeks, are under sin, as it is written:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45003010.05-2">“None is righteous, no, not one;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one understands;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one seeks for God.<br/>  All have turned aside; together they have become worthless;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one does good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>not even one.”<br/>  “Their throat is an open grave;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they use their tongues to deceive.”<br/> “The venom of asps is under their lips.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Their mouth is full of curses and bitterness.”<br/>  “Their feet are swift to shed blood;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in their paths are ruin and misery,<br/>  and the way of peace they have not known.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“There is no fear of God before their eyes.”</p> </div> <p id="p45003019.01-2">Now we know that whatever the law says it speaks to those who are under the law, so that every mouth may be stopped, and the whole world may be held accountable to God. For by works of the law no human being will be justified in his sight, since through the law comes knowledge of sin.</p> <p id="p45003021.07-2">But now the righteousness of God has been manifested apart from the law, although the Law and the Prophets bear witness to it— the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all who believe. For there is no distinction: for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59003002.01-1">For we all stumble in many ways. And if anyone does not stumble in what he says, he is a perfect man, able also to bridle his whole body.</p> </div><h5>John 15:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43015005.01-2"><span class="woc">I am the vine; you are the branches. Whoever abides in me and I in him, he it is that bears much fruit, for apart from me you can do nothing.</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 8:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008003.01-3">For God has done what the law, weakened by the flesh, could not do. By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for sin, he condemned sin in the flesh,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ecclesiastes 7:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21007020.01-1">Surely there is not a righteous man on earth who does good and never sins.</p> </div><h5>1 John 1:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62001008.01-2">If we say we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us.</p> </div><h5>1 John 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62001010.01-3">If we say we have not sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005017.01-4">For the desires of the flesh are against the Spirit, and the desires of the Spirit are against the flesh, for these are opposed to each other, to keep you from doing the things you want to do.</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007018.01-5">For I know that nothing good dwells in me, that is, in my flesh. For I have the desire to do what is right, but not the ability to carry it out. For I do not do the good I want, but the evil I do not want is what I keep on doing.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 6:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01006005.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every intention of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 8:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01008021.01-2">And when the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> smelled the pleasing aroma, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said in his heart, “I will never again curse the ground because of man, for the intention of man's heart is evil from his youth. Neither will I ever again strike down every living creature as I have done.</p> </div><h5>James 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001014.01-3">But each person is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desire.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:9-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45003009.05-1">What then? Are we Jews any better off? No, not at all. For we have already charged that all, both Jews and Greeks, are under sin, as it is written:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45003010.05-1">“None is righteous, no, not one;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one understands;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one seeks for God.<br/>  All have turned aside; together they have become worthless;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one does good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>not even one.”<br/>  “Their throat is an open grave;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they use their tongues to deceive.”<br/> “The venom of asps is under their lips.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Their mouth is full of curses and bitterness.”<br/>  “Their feet are swift to shed blood;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in their paths are ruin and misery,<br/>  and the way of peace they have not known.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“There is no fear of God before their eyes.”</p> </div> <p id="p45003019.01-1">Now we know that whatever the law says it speaks to those who are under the law, so that every mouth may be stopped, and the whole world may be held accountable to God.</p> </div><h5>James 3:2-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59003002.01-2">For we all stumble in many ways. And if anyone does not stumble in what he says, he is a perfect man, able also to bridle his whole body. If we put bits into the mouths of horses so that they obey us, we guide their whole bodies as well. Look at the ships also: though they are so large and are driven by strong winds, they are guided by a very small rudder wherever the will of the pilot directs. So also the tongue is a small member, yet it boasts of great things.</p> <p id="p59003005.15-2">How great a forest is set ablaze by such a small fire! And the tongue is a fire, a world of unrighteousness. The tongue is set among our members, staining the whole body, setting on fire the entire course of life, and set on fire by hell. For every kind of beast and bird, of reptile and sea creature, can be tamed and has been tamed by mankind, but no human being can tame the tongue. It is a restless evil, full of deadly poison. With it we bless our Lord and Father, and with it we curse people who are made in the likeness of God. From the same mouth come blessing and cursing. My brothers, these things ought not to be so. Does a spring pour forth from the same opening both fresh and salt water? Can a fig tree, my brothers, bear olives, or a grapevine produce figs? Neither can a salt pond yield fresh water.</p> <p id="p59003013.04-2">Who is wise and understanding among you? By his good conduct let him show his works in the meekness of wisdom.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 81 + WLC 148 — What are the sins forbidden in the tenth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/26</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 81.</span> What is forbidden in the tenth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The tenth commandment forbiddeth all discontentment with our own estate,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> envying or grieving at the good of our neighbor, and all inordinate motions and affections to anything that is his.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 148.</span> What are the sins forbidden in the tenth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sins forbidden in the tenth commandment are, discontentment with our own estate;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> envying<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> and grieving at the good of our neighbor,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup> together with all inordinate motions and affections to anything that is his.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010010.01-1">nor grumble, as some of them did and were destroyed by the Destroyer.</p> </div><h5>James 3:14-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59003014.01-2">But if you have bitter jealousy and selfish ambition in your hearts, do not boast and be false to the truth. This is not the wisdom that comes down from above, but is earthly, unspiritual, demonic. For where jealousy and selfish ambition exist, there will be disorder and every vile practice.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 5:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005026.01-1">Let us not become conceited, provoking one another, envying one another.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003005.01-2">Put to death therefore what is earthly in you: sexual immorality, impurity, passion, evil desire, and covetousness, which is idolatry.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010010.01-1">nor grumble, as some of them did and were destroyed by the Destroyer.</p> </div><h5>1 Kings 21:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11021004.01-2">And Ahab went into his house vexed and sullen because of what Naboth the Jezreelite had said to him, for he had said, “I will not give you the inheritance of my fathers.” And he lay down on his bed and turned away his face and would eat no food.</p> </div><h5>Esther 5:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p17005013.01-3">Yet all this is worth nothing to me, so long as I see Mordecai the Jew sitting at the king's gate.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 5:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005026.01-1">Let us not become conceited, provoking one another, envying one another.</p> </div><h5>James 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59003014.01-2">But if you have bitter jealousy and selfish ambition in your hearts, do not boast and be false to the truth.</p> </div><h5>James 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59003016.01-3">For where jealousy and selfish ambition exist, there will be disorder and every vile practice.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 112:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19112009.01-1">He has distributed freely; he has given to the poor;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his righteousness endures forever;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his horn is exalted in honor.<br/>  The wicked man sees it and is angry;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he gnashes his teeth and melts away;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the desire of the wicked will perish!</p> </div> </div><h5>Nehemiah 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16002010.01-2">But when Sanballat the Horonite and Tobiah the Ammonite servant heard this, it displeased them greatly that someone had come to seek the welfare of the people of Israel.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 7:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45007007.05-1">What then shall we say? That the law is sin? By no means! Yet if it had not been for the law, I would not have known sin. For I would not have known what it is to covet if the law had not said, “You shall not covet.” But sin, seizing an opportunity through the commandment, produced in me all kinds of covetousness. For apart from the law, sin lies dead.</p> </div><h5>Romans 13:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45013009.01-2">For the commandments, “You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,” and any other commandment, are summed up in this word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”</p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003005.01-3">Put to death therefore what is earthly in you: sexual immorality, impurity, passion, evil desire, and covetousness, which is idolatry.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005021.01-4">“‘And you shall not covet your neighbor's wife. And you shall not desire your neighbor's house, his field, or his male servant, or his female servant, his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor's.’  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 26 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 80 + WLC 147 — What are the duties required in the tenth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/25</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 80.</span> What is required in the tenth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The tenth commandment requireth full contentment with our own condition,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> with a right and charitable frame of spirit toward our neighbor, and all that is his.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 147.</span> What are the duties required in the tenth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The duties required in the tenth commandment are, such a full contentment with our own condition,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> and such a charitable frame of the whole soul toward our neighbor, as that all our inward motions and affections touching him, tend unto, and further all that good which is his.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 34:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19034001.28-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19034001-1">34:1 </span>I will bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> at all times;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his praise shall continually be in my mouth.</p> </div> </div><h5>Philippians 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50004011.01-2">Not that I am speaking of being in need, for I have learned in whatever situation I am to be content.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 6:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006006.01-3">Now there is great gain in godliness with contentment,</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 13:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58013005.01-4">Keep your life free from love of money, and be content with what you have, for he has said, “I will never leave you nor forsake you.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 15:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42015006.01-1"><span class="woc">And when he comes home, he calls together his friends and his neighbors, saying to them, ‘Rejoice with me, for I have found my sheep that was lost.’</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 15:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42015009.01-2"><span class="woc">And when she has found it, she calls together her friends and neighbors, saying, ‘Rejoice with me, for I have found the coin that I had lost.’</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 15:11-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42015011.07-3">And he said, <span class="woc">“There was a man who had two sons.</span> <span class="woc">And the younger of them said to his father, ‘Father, give me the share of property that is coming to me.’ And he divided his property between them.</span> <span class="woc">Not many days later, the younger son gathered all he had and took a journey into a far country, and there he squandered his property in reckless living.</span> <span class="woc">And when he had spent everything, a severe famine arose in that country, and he began to be in need.</span> <span class="woc">So he went and hired himself out to one of the citizens of that country, who sent him into his fields to feed pigs.</span> <span class="woc">And he was longing to be fed with the pods that the pigs ate, and no one gave him anything.</span></p> <p id="p42015017.01-3"><span class="woc">“But when he came to himself, he said, ‘How many of my father's hired servants have more than enough bread, but I perish here with hunger!</span> <span class="woc">I will arise and go to my father, and I will say to him, “Father, I have sinned against heaven and before you.</span> <span class="woc">I am no longer worthy to be called your son. Treat me as one of your hired servants.”’</span> <span class="woc">And he arose and came to his father. But while he was still a long way off, his father saw him and felt compassion, and ran and embraced him and kissed him.</span> <span class="woc">And the son said to him, ‘Father, I have sinned against heaven and before you. I am no longer worthy to be called your son.’</span> <span class="woc">But the father said to his servants, ‘Bring quickly the best robe, and put it on him, and put a ring on his hand, and shoes on his feet.</span> <span class="woc">And bring the fattened calf and kill it, and let us eat and celebrate.</span> <span class="woc">For this my son was dead, and is alive again; he was lost, and is found.’ And they began to celebrate.</span></p> <p id="p42015025.01-3"><span class="woc">“Now his older son was in the field, and as he came and drew near to the house, he heard music and dancing.</span> <span class="woc">And he called one of the servants and asked what these things meant.</span> <span class="woc">And he said to him, ‘Your brother has come, and your father has killed the fattened calf, because he has received him back safe and sound.’</span> <span class="woc">But he was angry and refused to go in. His father came out and entreated him,</span> <span class="woc">but he answered his father, ‘Look, these many years I have served you, and I never disobeyed your command, yet you never gave me a young goat, that I might celebrate with my friends.</span> <span class="woc">But when this son of yours came, who has devoured your property with prostitutes, you killed the fattened calf for him!’</span> <span class="woc">And he said to him, ‘Son, you are always with me, and all that is mine is yours.</span> <span class="woc">It was fitting to celebrate and be glad, for this your brother was dead, and is alive; he was lost, and is found.’”</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 12:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45012015.01-4">Rejoice with those who rejoice, weep with those who weep.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002004.01-5">Let each of you look not only to his own interests, but also to the interests of others.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 13:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58013005.01-1">Keep your life free from love of money, and be content with what you have, for he has said, “I will never leave you nor forsake you.”</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 6:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006006.01-2">Now there is great gain in godliness with contentment,</p> </div><h5>Philippians 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50004011.01-3">Not that I am speaking of being in need, for I have learned in whatever situation I am to be content.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Job 31:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18031029.01-1">“If I have rejoiced at the ruin of him who hated me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or exulted when evil overtook him</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 12:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45012015.01-2">Rejoice with those who rejoice, weep with those who weep.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 122:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19122007.01-3">Peace be within your walls<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and security within your towers!”<br/>  For my brothers and companions' sake<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will say, “Peace be within you!”<br/>  For the sake of the house of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will seek your good.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Timothy 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54001005.01-4">The aim of our charge is love that issues from a pure heart and a good conscience and a sincere faith.</p> </div><h5>Esther 10:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p17010003.01-5">For Mordecai the Jew was second in rank to King Ahasuerus, and he was great among the Jews and popular with the multitude of his brothers, for he sought the welfare of his people and spoke peace to all his people.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 13:4-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46013004.01-6">Love is patient and kind; love does not envy or boast; it is not arrogant or rude. It does not insist on its own way; it is not irritable or resentful; it does not rejoice at wrongdoing, but rejoices with the truth. Love bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 25 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 79 + WLC 146 — Which is the tenth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/24</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 79.</span> Which is the tenth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The tenth commandment is, Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 146.</span> Which is the tenth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The tenth commandment is, Thou shalt not covet thy neighbour's house, thou shall not covet thy neighbour's wife, nor his manservant, nor his maidservant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor any thing that is thy neighbour's.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020017.01-1">“You shall not covet your neighbor's house; you shall not covet your neighbor's wife, or his male servant, or his female servant, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor's.”</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005021.01-2">“‘And you shall not covet your neighbor's wife. And you shall not desire your neighbor's house, his field, or his male servant, or his female servant, his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor's.’  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020017.01-1">“You shall not covet your neighbor's house; you shall not covet your neighbor's wife, or his male servant, or his female servant, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor's.”</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005021.01-2">“‘And you shall not covet your neighbor's wife. And you shall not desire your neighbor's house, his field, or his male servant, or his female servant, his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor's.’  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 24 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 78 + WLC 145 — What are the sins forbidden in the ninth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/23</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 78.</span> What is forbidden in the ninth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The ninth commandment forbiddeth whatsoever is prejudicial to truth, or injurious to our own, or our neighbor's, good name.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 145.</span> What are the sins forbidden in the ninth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sins forbidden in the ninth commandment are, all prejudicing the truth, and the good name of our neighbors, as well as our own,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> especially in public judicature;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> giving false evidence,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> suborning false witnesses,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> wittingly appearing and pleading for an evil cause, outfacing and overbearing the truth;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> passing unjust sentence,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> calling evil good, and good evil; rewarding the wicked according to the work of the righteous, and the righteous according to the work of the wicked;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> forgery,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup> concealing the truth, undue silence in a just cause,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">10</sup> and holding our peace when iniquity calleth for either a reproof from ourselves,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">11</sup> or complaint to others;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">12</sup> speaking the truth unseasonably,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">13</sup> or maliciously to a wrong end,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">14</sup> or perverting it to a wrong meaning,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">15</sup> or in doubtful and equivocal expressions, to the prejudice of truth or justice;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">16</sup> speaking untruth,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">17</sup> lying,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">18</sup> slandering,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc18">19</sup> backbiting,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc19">20</sup> detracting,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc20">21</sup> talebearing,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc21">22</sup> whispering,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc22">23</sup> scoffing,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc23">24</sup> reviling,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc24">25</sup> rash,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc25">26</sup> harsh,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc26">27</sup> and partial censuring;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc27">28</sup> misconstructing intentions, words, and actions;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc28">29</sup> flattering,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc29">30</sup> vainglorious boasting;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc30">31</sup> thinking or speaking too highly or too meanly of ourselves or others;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc31">32</sup> denying the gifts and graces of God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc32">33</sup> aggravating smaller faults;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc33">34</sup> hiding, excusing, or extenuating of sins, when called to a free confession;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc34">35</sup> unnecessary discovering of infirmities;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc35">36</sup> raising false rumors,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc36">37</sup> receiving and countenancing evil reports,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc37">38</sup> and stopping our ears against just defense;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc38">39</sup> evil suspicion;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc39">40</sup> envying or grieving at the deserved credit of any,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc40">41</sup> endeavoring or desiring to impair it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc41">42</sup> rejoicing in their disgrace and infamy;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc42">43</sup> scornful contempt,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc43">44</sup> fond admiration;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc44">45</sup> breach of lawful promises;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc45">46</sup> neglecting such things as are of good report,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc46">47</sup> and practicing, or not avoiding ourselves, or not hindering what we can in others, such things as procure an ill name.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc47">48</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 19:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019016.01-1">You shall not go around as a slanderer among your people, and you shall not stand up against the life of your neighbor: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 15:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19015003.01-2">who does not slander with his tongue<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and does no evil to his neighbor,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor takes up a reproach against his friend;</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 6:16-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20006016.01-3">There are six things that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> hates,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>seven that are an abomination to him:<br/>  haughty eyes, a lying tongue,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and hands that shed innocent blood,<br/>  a heart that devises wicked plans,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>feet that make haste to run to evil,<br/>  a false witness who breathes out lies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and one who sows discord among brothers.</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42003014.01-4">Soldiers also asked him, “And we, what shall we do?” And he said to them, “Do not extort money from anyone by threats or by false accusation, and be content with your wages.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42003014.01-1">Soldiers also asked him, “And we, what shall we do?” And he said to them, “Do not extort money from anyone by threats or by false accusation, and be content with your wages.”</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 17:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09017028.01-2">Now Eliab his eldest brother heard when he spoke to the men. And Eliab's anger was kindled against David, and he said, “Why have you come down? And with whom have you left those few sheep in the wilderness? I know your presumption and the evil of your heart, for you have come down to see the battle.”</p> </div><h5>2 Samuel 16:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10016003.01-3">And the king said, “And where is your master's son?” Ziba said to the king, “Behold, he remains in Jerusalem, for he said, ‘Today the house of Israel will give me back the kingdom of my father.’”</p> </div><h5>2 Samuel 1:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10001009.01-4">And he said to me ‘Stand beside me and kill me, for anguish has seized me, and yet my life still lingers.’ So I stood beside him and killed him, because I was sure that he could not live after he had fallen. And I took the crown that was on his head and the armlet that was on his arm, and I have brought them here to my lord.”</p> </div><h5>2 Samuel 1:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10001015.01-5">Then David called one of the young men and said, “Go, execute him.” And he struck him down so that he died. And David said to him, “Your blood be on your head, for your own mouth has testified against you, saying, ‘I have killed the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s anointed.’”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 19:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019015.01-1">“You shall do no injustice in court. You shall not be partial to the poor or defer to the great, but in righteousness shall you judge your neighbor.</p> </div><h5>Habakkuk 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p35001004.01-2">So the law is paralyzed,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and justice never goes forth.<br/> For the wicked surround the righteous;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so justice goes forth perverted.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 19:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">A false witness will not go unpunished,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he who breathes out lies will not escape.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Proverbs 6:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">There are six things that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> hates,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>seven that are an abomination to him:</p> </div> </div> <h5>Proverbs 6:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">a false witness who breathes out lies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and one who sows discord among brothers.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 6:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44006013.01-1">and they set up false witnesses who said, “This man never ceases to speak words against this holy place and the law,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 9:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24009003.01-1">They bend their tongue like a bow;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>falsehood and not truth has grown strong in the land;<br/> for they proceed from evil to evil,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and they do not know me, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> </div><h5>Jeremiah 9:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24009005.01-2">Everyone deceives his neighbor,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and no one speaks the truth;<br/> they have taught their tongue to speak lies;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they weary themselves committing iniquity.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 12:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19012003.01-3">May the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> cut off all flattering lips,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the tongue that makes great boasts,<br/>  those who say, “With our tongue we will prevail,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>our lips are with us; who is master over us?”</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 24:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44024002.01-4">And when he had been summoned, Tertullus began to accuse him, saying:</p> <p id="p44024002.13-4">“Since through you we enjoy much peace, and since by your foresight, most excellent Felix, reforms are being made for this nation,</p> </div><h5>Acts 24:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44024005.01-5">For we have found this man a plague, one who stirs up riots among all the Jews throughout the world and is a ringleader of the sect of the Nazarenes.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 52:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19052001.30-6"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19052001-6">52:1 </span>Why do you boast of evil, O mighty man?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>The steadfast love of God endures all the day.<br/>  Your tongue plots destruction,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like a sharp razor, you worker of deceit.<br/>  You love evil more than good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and lying more than speaking what is right. <span class="selah">Selah</span><br/>  You love all words that devour,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O deceitful tongue.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 17:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20017015.01-1">He who justifies the wicked and he who condemns the righteous<br/> <span class="indent"></span>are both alike an abomination to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Kings 21:9-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11021009.01-2">And she wrote in the letters, “Proclaim a fast, and set Naboth at the head of the people. And set two worthless men opposite him, and let them bring a charge against him, saying, ‘You have cursed God and the king.’ Then take him out and stone him to death.” And the men of his city, the elders and the leaders who lived in his city, did as Jezebel had sent word to them. As it was written in the letters that she had sent to them, they proclaimed a fast and set Naboth at the head of the people. And the two worthless men came in and sat opposite him. And the worthless men brought a charge against Naboth in the presence of the people, saying, “Naboth cursed God and the king.” So they took him outside the city and stoned him to death with stones. Then they sent to Jezebel, saying, “Naboth has been stoned; he is dead.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23005023.01-1">who acquit the guilty for a bribe,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and deprive the innocent of his right!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Kings 21:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11021008.01-1">So she wrote letters in Ahab's name and sealed them with his seal, and she sent the letters to the elders and the leaders who lived with Naboth in his city.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03005001.01-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v03005001-1">5:1 </span>“If anyone sins in that he hears a public adjuration to testify, and though he is a witness, whether he has seen or come to know the matter, yet does not speak, he shall bear his iniquity;</p> </div><h5>Acts 5:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44005003.01-2">But Peter said, “Ananias, why has Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back for yourself part of the proceeds of the land?</p> </div><h5>Acts 5:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44005008.01-3">And Peter said to her, “Tell me whether you sold the land for so much.” And she said, “Yes, for so much.” But Peter said to her, “How is it that you have agreed together to test the Spirit of the Lord? Behold, the feet of those who have buried your husband are at the door, and they will carry you out.”</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 13:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05013008.01-4">you shall not yield to him or listen to him, nor shall your eye pity him, nor shall you spare him, nor shall you conceal him.</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55004016.01-5">At my first defense no one came to stand by me, but all deserted me. May it not be charged against them!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Kings 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11001006.01-1">His father had never at any time displeased him by asking, “Why have you done thus and so?” He was also a very handsome man, and he was born next after Absalom.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 19:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019017.01-2">“You shall not hate your brother in your heart, but you shall reason frankly with your neighbor, lest you incur sin because of him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 59:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23059004.01-1">No one enters suit justly;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one goes to law honestly;<br/> they rely on empty pleas, they speak lies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they conceive mischief and give birth to iniquity.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 29:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20029011.01-1">A fool gives full vent to his spirit,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but a wise man quietly holds it back.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 22:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09022009.01-1">Then answered Doeg the Edomite, who stood by the servants of Saul, “I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, and he inquired of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> for him and gave him provisions and gave him the sword of Goliath the Philistine.”</p> </div><h5>Psalm 52:1-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19052001.30-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19052001-2">52:1 </span>Why do you boast of evil, O mighty man?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>The steadfast love of God endures all the day.<br/>  Your tongue plots destruction,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like a sharp razor, you worker of deceit.<br/>  You love evil more than good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and lying more than speaking what is right. <span class="selah">Selah</span><br/>  You love all words that devour,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O deceitful tongue.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19052005.01-2">But God will break you down forever;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he will snatch and tear you from your tent;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he will uproot you from the land of the living. <span class="selah">Selah</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 56:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19056005.01-1">All day long they injure my cause;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all their thoughts are against me for evil.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 26:60-61</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026060.01-2">but they found none, though many false witnesses came forward. At last two came forward and said, “This man said, ‘I am able to destroy the temple of God, and to rebuild it in three days.’”</p> </div><h5>John 2:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43002019.01-3">Jesus answered them, <span class="woc">“Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003005.01-1">For God knows that when you eat of it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.”</p> </div><h5>Genesis 26:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01026007.01-2">When the men of the place asked him about his wife, he said, “She is my sister,” for he feared to say, “My wife,” thinking, “lest the men of the place should kill me because of Rebekah,” because she was attractive in appearance.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 26:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01026009.01-3">So Abimelech called Isaac and said, “Behold, she is your wife. How then could you say, ‘She is my sister’?” Isaac said to him, “Because I thought, ‘Lest I die because of her.’”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 59:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23059013.01-1">transgressing, and denying the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and turning back from following our God,<br/> speaking oppression and revolt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>conceiving and uttering from the heart lying words.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003009.01-1">Do not lie to one another, seeing that you have put off the old self with its practices</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 19:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019011.01-2">“You shall not steal; you shall not deal falsely; you shall not lie to one another.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 50:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19050020.01-1">You sit and speak against your brother;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you slander your own mother's son.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc19"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 15:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19015003.01-1">who does not slander with his tongue<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and does no evil to his neighbor,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor takes up a reproach against his friend;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc20"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59004011.01-1">Do not speak evil against one another, brothers. The one who speaks against a brother or judges his brother, speaks evil against the law and judges the law. But if you judge the law, you are not a doer of the law but a judge.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 38:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24038004.01-2">Then the officials said to the king, “Let this man be put to death, for he is weakening the hands of the soldiers who are left in this city, and the hands of all the people, by speaking such words to them. For this man is not seeking the welfare of this people, but their harm.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc21"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 19:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019016.01-1">You shall not go around as a slanderer among your people, and you shall not stand up against the life of your neighbor: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc22"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:29-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001029.01-1">They were filled with all manner of unrighteousness, evil, covetousness, malice. They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, maliciousness. They are gossips, slanderers, haters of God, insolent, haughty, boastful, inventors of evil, disobedient to parents,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc23"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 21:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01021009.01-1">But Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, whom she had borne to Abraham, laughing.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 4:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004029.01-2">But just as at that time he who was born according to the flesh persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, so also it is now.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc24"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 6:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46006010.01-1">nor thieves, nor the greedy, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor swindlers will inherit the kingdom of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc25"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 7:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40007001.03-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v40007001-1">7:1 </span><span class="woc">“Judge not, that you be not judged.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc26"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 28:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44028004.01-1">When the native people saw the creature hanging from his hand, they said to one another, “No doubt this man is a murderer. Though he has escaped from the sea, Justice has not allowed him to live.”</p> </div><h5>James 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002013.01-2">For judgment is without mercy to one who has shown no mercy. Mercy triumphs over judgment.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc27"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 38:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01038024.01-1">About three months later Judah was told, “Tamar your daughter-in-law has been immoral. Moreover, she is pregnant by immorality.” And Judah said, “Bring her out, and let her be burned.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45002001.04-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45002001-2">2:1 </span>Therefore you have no excuse, O man, every one of you who judges. For in passing judgment on another you condemn yourself, because you, the judge, practice the very same things.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc28"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003008.01-1">And why not do evil that good may come?—as some people slanderously charge us with saying. Their condemnation is just.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 69:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19069010.01-2">When I wept and humbled my soul with fasting,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>it became my reproach.</p> </div> </div><h5>Nehemiah 6:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16006006.01-3">In it was written, “It is reported among the nations, and Geshem also says it, that you and the Jews intend to rebel; that is why you are building the wall. And according to these reports you wish to become their king. And you have also set up prophets to proclaim concerning you in Jerusalem, ‘There is a king in Judah.’ And now the king will hear of these reports. So now come and let us take counsel together.” Then I sent to him, saying, “No such things as you say have been done, for you are inventing them out of your own mind.”</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 1:13-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09001013.01-4">Hannah was speaking in her heart; only her lips moved, and her voice was not heard. Therefore Eli took her to be a drunken woman. And Eli said to her, “How long will you go on being drunk? Put your wine away from you.” But Hannah answered, “No, my lord, I am a woman troubled in spirit. I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but I have been pouring out my soul before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div><h5>2 Samuel 10:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10010003.01-5">But the princes of the Ammonites said to Hanun their lord, “Do you think, because David has sent comforters to you, that he is honoring your father? Has not David sent his servants to you to search the city and to spy it out and to overthrow it?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc29"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 12:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19012002.01-1">Everyone utters lies to his neighbor;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>with flattering lips and a double heart they speak.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19012003.01-1">May the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> cut off all flattering lips,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the tongue that makes great boasts,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc30"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003002.01-1">For people will be lovers of self, lovers of money, proud, arrogant, abusive, disobedient to their parents, ungrateful, unholy,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc31"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 18:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42018009.07-1">He also told this parable to some who trusted in themselves that they were righteous, and treated others with contempt:</p> </div><h5>Luke 18:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42018011.01-2"><span class="woc">The Pharisee, standing by himself, prayed thus: ‘God, I thank you that I am not like other men, extortioners, unjust, adulterers, or even like this tax collector.</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 12:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44012022.01-3">And the people were shouting, “The voice of a god, and not of a man!”</p> </div><h5>Exodus 4:10-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02004010.01-4">But Moses said to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, “Oh, my Lord, I am not eloquent, either in the past or since you have spoken to your servant, but I am slow of speech and of tongue.” Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to him, “Who has made man's mouth? Who makes him mute, or deaf, or seeing, or blind? Is it not I, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>? Now therefore go, and I will be with your mouth and teach you what you shall speak.” But he said, “Oh, my Lord, please send someone else.” Then the anger of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> was kindled against Moses and he said, “Is there not Aaron, your brother, the Levite? I know that he can speak well. Behold, he is coming out to meet you, and when he sees you, he will be glad in his heart.</p> </div><h5>Romans 12:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45012016.01-5">Live in harmony with one another. Do not be haughty, but associate with the lowly. Never be wise in your own sight.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 5:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005026.01-6">Let us not become conceited, provoking one another, envying one another.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46004006.01-7">I have applied all these things to myself and Apollos for your benefit, brothers, that you may learn by us not to go beyond what is written, that none of you may be puffed up in favor of one against another.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc32"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 9:49-50</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42009049.08-1">John answered, “Master, we saw someone casting out demons in your name, and we tried to stop him, because he does not follow with us.” But Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Do not stop him, for the one who is not against you is for you.”</span></p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 10:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47010010.01-2">For they say, “His letters are weighty and strong, but his bodily presence is weak, and his speech of no account.”</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002013.01-3">But others mocking said, “They are filled with new wine.”</p> </div><h5>Job 27:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18027005.01-4">Far be it from me to say that you are right;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>till I die I will not put away my integrity from me.<br/>  I hold fast my righteousness and will not let it go;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my heart does not reproach me for any of my days.</p> </div> </div><h5>Job 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18004006.01-5">Is not your fear of God your confidence,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the integrity of your ways your hope?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc33"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 7:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40007003.01-1"><span class="woc">Why do you see the speck that is in your brother's eye, but do not notice the log that is in your own eye?</span> <span class="woc">Or how can you say to your brother, ‘Let me take the speck out of your eye,’ when there is the log in your own eye?</span> <span class="woc">You hypocrite, first take the log out of your own eye, and then you will see clearly to take the speck out of your brother's eye.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc34"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 28:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20028013.01-1">Whoever conceals his transgressions will not prosper,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but he who confesses and forsakes them will obtain mercy.</p> </div> </div><h5>Genesis 3:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003012.01-2">The man said, “The woman whom you gave to be with me, she gave me fruit of the tree, and I ate.” Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God said to the woman, “What is this that you have done?” The woman said, “The serpent deceived me, and I ate.”</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 30:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20030020.01-3">This is the way of an adulteress:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>she eats and wipes her mouth<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and says, “I have done no wrong.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Jeremiah 2:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24002035.01-4">you say, ‘I am innocent;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>surely his anger has turned from me.’<br/> Behold, I will bring you to judgment<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for saying, ‘I have not sinned.’</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Kings 5:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p12005025.01-5">He went in and stood before his master, and Elisha said to him, “Where have you been, Gehazi?” And he said, “Your servant went nowhere.”</p> </div><h5>Genesis 4:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01004009.01-6">Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Cain, “Where is Abel your brother?” He said, “I do not know; am I my brother's keeper?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc35"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 25:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20025009.01-1">Argue your case with your neighbor himself,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not reveal another's secret,<br/>  lest he who hears you bring shame upon you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your ill repute have no end.</p> </div> </div><h5>Genesis 9:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01009022.01-2">And Ham, the father of Canaan, saw the nakedness of his father and told his two brothers outside.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc36"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 23:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02023001.01-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v02023001-1">23:1 </span>“You shall not spread a false report. You shall not join hands with a wicked man to be a malicious witness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc37"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 29:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20029012.01-1">If a ruler listens to falsehood,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all his officials will be wicked.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 41:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19041007.01-2">All who hate me whisper together about me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they imagine the worst for me.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19041008.01-2">They say, “A deadly thing is poured out on him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he will not rise again from where he lies.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc38"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 7:56-57</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44007056.01-1">And he said, “Behold, I see the heavens opened, and the Son of Man standing at the right hand of God.” But they cried out with a loud voice and stopped their ears and rushed together at him.</p> </div><h5>Job 31:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18031013.01-2">“If I have rejected the cause of my manservant or my maidservant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when they brought a complaint against me,<br/>  what then shall I do when God rises up?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>When he makes inquiry, what shall I answer him?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc39"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 13:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46013005.01-1">or rude. It does not insist on its own way; it is not irritable or resentful;</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 6:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006004.01-2">he is puffed up with conceit and understands nothing. He has an unhealthy craving for controversy and for quarrels about words, which produce envy, dissension, slander, evil suspicions,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc40"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 21:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40021015.01-1">But when the chief priests and the scribes saw the wonderful things that he did, and the children crying out in the temple, “Hosanna to the Son of David!” they were indignant,</p> </div><h5>Numbers 11:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p04011029.01-2">But Moses said to him, “Are you jealous for my sake? Would that all the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s people were prophets, that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> would put his Spirit on them!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc41"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezra 4:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p15004012.01-1">be it known to the king that the Jews who came up from you to us have gone to Jerusalem. They are rebuilding that rebellious and wicked city. They are finishing the walls and repairing the foundations. Now be it known to the king that if this city is rebuilt and the walls finished, they will not pay tribute, custom, or toll, and the royal revenue will be impaired.</p> </div><h5>Daniel 6:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27006003.01-2">Then this Daniel became distinguished above all the other presidents and satraps, because an excellent spirit was in him. And the king planned to set him over the whole kingdom. Then the presidents and the satraps sought to find a ground for complaint against Daniel with regard to the kingdom, but they could find no ground for complaint or any fault, because he was faithful, and no error or fault was found in him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc42"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 48:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24048027.01-1">Was not Israel a derision to you? Was he found among thieves, that whenever you spoke of him you wagged your head?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc43"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 27:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40027028.01-1">And they stripped him and put a scarlet robe on him, and twisting together a crown of thorns, they put it on his head and put a reed in his right hand. And kneeling before him, they mocked him, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!”</p> </div><h5>Psalm 35:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19035015.01-2">But at my stumbling they rejoiced and gathered;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they gathered together against me;<br/> wretches whom I did not know<br/> <span class="indent"></span>tore at me without ceasing;<br/>  like profane mockers at a feast,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they gnash at me with their teeth.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 35:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19035021.01-3">They open wide their mouths against me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they say, “Aha, Aha!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Our eyes have seen it!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc44"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jude 1:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p65001016.01-1">These are grumblers, malcontents, following their own sinful desires; they are loud-mouthed boasters, showing favoritism to gain advantage.</p> </div><h5>Acts 12:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44012022.01-2">And the people were shouting, “The voice of a god, and not of a man!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc45"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001031.01-1">foolish, faithless, heartless, ruthless.</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 3:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003003.01-2">heartless, unappeasable, slanderous, without self-control, brutal, not loving good,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc46"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 2:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09002024.01-1">No, my sons; it is no good report that I hear the people of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spreading abroad.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc47"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Samuel 13:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10013012.01-1">She answered him, “No, my brother, do not violate me, for such a thing is not done in Israel; do not do this outrageous thing. As for me, where could I carry my shame? And as for you, you would be as one of the outrageous fools in Israel. Now therefore, please speak to the king, for he will not withhold me from you.”</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 5:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20005008.01-2">Keep your way far from her,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not go near the door of her house,<br/>  lest you give your honor to others<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your years to the merciless,</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 6:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20006033.01-3">He will get wounds and dishonor,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his disgrace will not be wiped away.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 23 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 77 + WLC 144 — What are the duties required in the ninth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/22</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 77.</span> What is required in the ninth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The ninth commandment requireth the maintaining and promoting of truth between man and man, and of our own and our neighbor's good name,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> especially in witness bearing.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 144.</span> What are the duties required in the ninth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The duties required in the ninth commandment are, the preserving and promoting of truth between man and man,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> and the good name of our neighbor, as well as our own;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> appearing and standing for the truth;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup> and from the heart,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">6</sup> sincerely,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">7</sup> freely,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">8</sup> clearly,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">9</sup> and fully,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">10</sup> speaking the truth, and only the truth, in matters of judgment and justice,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">11</sup> and in all other things whatsoever;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">12</sup> a charitable esteem of our neighbors;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">13</sup> loving, desiring, and rejoicing in their good name;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">14</sup> sorrowing for,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">15</sup> and covering of their infirmities;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">16</sup> freely acknowledging of their gifts and graces,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">17</sup> defending their innocency;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">18</sup> a ready receiving of a good report,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">19</sup> and unwillingness to admit of an evil report,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc18">20</sup> concerning them; discouraging talebearers,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc19">21</sup> flatterers,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc20">22</sup> and slanderers;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc21">23</sup> love and care of our own good name, and defending it when need requireth;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc22">24</sup> keeping of lawful promises;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc23">25</sup> studying and practicing of whatsoever things are true, honest, lovely, and of good report.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc24">26</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Zechariah 8:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p38008016.01-1">These are the things that you shall do: Speak the truth to one another; render in your gates judgments that are true and make for peace;</p> </div><h5>Acts 25:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44025010.01-2">But Paul said, “I am standing before Caesar's tribunal, where I ought to be tried. To the Jews I have done no wrong, as you yourself know very well.</p> </div><h5>3 John 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p64001012.01-3">Demetrius has received a good testimony from everyone, and from the truth itself. We also add our testimony, and you know that our testimony is true.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 14:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20014005.01-1">A faithful witness does not lie,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but a false witness breathes out lies.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 14:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20014025.01-2">A truthful witness saves lives,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but one who breathes out lies is deceitful.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Zechariah 8:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p38008016.01-1">These are the things that you shall do: Speak the truth to one another; render in your gates judgments that are true and make for peace;</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004025.01-2">Therefore, having put away falsehood, let each one of you speak the truth with his neighbor, for we are members one of another.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>3 John 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p64001012.01-1">Demetrius has received a good testimony from everyone, and from the truth itself. We also add our testimony, and you know that our testimony is true.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 31:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20031008.01-1">Open your mouth for the mute,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the rights of all who are destitute.<br/>  Open your mouth, judge righteously,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>defend the rights of the poor and needy.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 15:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19015002.01-1">He who walks blamelessly and does what is right<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and speaks truth in his heart;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Chronicles 19:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14019009.01-1">And he charged them: “Thus you shall do in the fear of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, in faithfulness, and with your whole heart:  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 19:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09019004.01-1">And Jonathan spoke well of David to Saul his father and said to him, “Let not the king sin against his servant David, because he has not sinned against you, and because his deeds have brought good to you. For he took his life in his hand and he struck down the Philistine, and the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> worked a great salvation for all Israel. You saw it, and rejoiced. Why then will you sin against innocent blood by killing David without cause?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Joshua 7:15-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p06007015.01-1">And he who is taken with the devoted things shall be burned with fire, he and all that he has, because he has transgressed the covenant of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and because he has done an outrageous thing in Israel.’”</p> <p id="p06007016.01-1">So Joshua rose early in the morning and brought Israel near tribe by tribe, and the tribe of Judah was taken. And he brought near the clans of Judah, and the clan of the Zerahites was taken. And he brought near the clan of the Zerahites man by man, and Zabdi was taken. And he brought near his household man by man, and Achan the son of Carmi, son of Zabdi, son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, was taken. Then Joshua said to Achan, “My son, give glory to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God of Israel and give praise to him. And tell me now what you have done; do not hide it from me.” And Achan answered Joshua, “Truly I have sinned against the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God of Israel, and this is what I did:  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Samuel 14:18-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10014018.01-1">Then the king answered the woman, “Do not hide from me anything I ask you.” And the woman said, “Let my lord the king speak.” The king said, “Is the hand of Joab with you in all this?” The woman answered and said, “As surely as you live, my lord the king, one cannot turn to the right hand or to the left from anything that my lord the king has said. It was your servant Joab who commanded me; it was he who put all these words in the mouth of your servant. In order to change the course of things your servant Joab did this. But my lord has wisdom like the wisdom of the angel of God to know all things that are on the earth.”</p> </div><h5>Acts 20:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44020027.01-2">for I did not shrink from declaring to you the whole counsel of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 19:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019015.01-1">“You shall do no injustice in court. You shall not be partial to the poor or defer to the great, but in righteousness shall you judge your neighbor.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 14:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20014005.01-2">A faithful witness does not lie,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but a false witness breathes out lies.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 14:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20014025.01-3">A truthful witness saves lives,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but one who breathes out lies is deceitful.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 1:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47001017.01-1">Was I vacillating when I wanted to do this? Do I make my plans according to the flesh, ready to say “Yes, yes” and “No, no” at the same time? As surely as God is faithful, our word to you has not been Yes and No.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004025.01-2">Therefore, having put away falsehood, let each one of you speak the truth with his neighbor, for we are members one of another.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003009.01-3">Do not lie to one another, seeing that you have put off the old self with its practices  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 6:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006009.01-1">Though we speak in this way, yet in your case, beloved, we feel sure of better things—things that belong to salvation.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 13:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46013007.01-2">Love bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45001008.06-1">First, I thank my God through Jesus Christ for all of you, because your faith is proclaimed in all the world.</p> </div><h5>2 John 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p63001004.06-2">I rejoiced greatly to find some of your children walking in the truth, just as we were commanded by the Father.</p> </div><h5>3 John 1:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p64001003.01-3">For I rejoiced greatly when the brothers came and testified to your truth, as indeed you are walking in the truth. I have no greater joy than to hear that my children are walking in the truth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47002004.01-1">For I wrote to you out of much affliction and anguish of heart and with many tears, not to cause you pain but to let you know the abundant love that I have for you.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 12:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47012021.01-2">I fear that when I come again my God may humble me before you, and I may have to mourn over many of those who sinned earlier and have not repented of the impurity, sexual immorality, and sensuality that they have practiced.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 119:158</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119158.01-3">I look at the faithless with disgust,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because they do not keep your commands.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 17:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20017009.01-1">Whoever covers an offense seeks love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but he who repeats a matter separates close friends.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Peter 4:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60004008.01-2">Above all, keep loving one another earnestly, since love covers a multitude of sins.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 1:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46001004.02-1">I give thanks to my God always for you because of the grace of God that was given you in Christ Jesus, that in every way you were enriched in him in all speech and all knowledge—</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46001007.01-2">so that you are not lacking in any spiritual gift, as you wait for the revealing of our Lord Jesus Christ,</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 1:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55001004.01-3">As I remember your tears, I long to see you, that I may be filled with joy. I am reminded of your sincere faith, a faith that dwelt first in your grandmother Lois and your mother Eunice and now, I am sure, dwells in you as well.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 22:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09022014.01-1">Then Ahimelech answered the king, “And who among all your servants is so faithful as David, who is the king's son-in-law, and captain over your bodyguard, and honored in your house?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 13:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46013006.01-1">it does not rejoice at wrongdoing, but rejoices with the truth. Love bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 15:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19015003.01-1">who does not slander with his tongue<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and does no evil to his neighbor,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor takes up a reproach against his friend;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc19"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 25:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20025023.01-1">The north wind brings forth rain,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a backbiting tongue, angry looks.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc20"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 26:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20026024.01-1">Whoever hates disguises himself with his lips<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and harbors deceit in his heart;<br/>  when he speaks graciously, believe him not,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for there are seven abominations in his heart;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc21"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 101:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19101005.01-1">Whoever slanders his neighbor secretly<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will destroy.<br/> Whoever has a haughty look and an arrogant heart<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will not endure.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc22"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 22:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20022001.01-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v20022001-1">22:1 </span>A good name is to be chosen rather than great riches,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and favor is better than silver or gold.</p> </div> </div><h5>John 8:49</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43008049.01-2">Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“I do not have a demon, but I honor my Father, and you dishonor me.</span></p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 11:1-12:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p47011001.06-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v47011001-3">11:1 </span>I wish you would bear with me in a little foolishness. Do bear with me! For I feel a divine jealousy for you, since I betrothed you to one husband, to present you as a pure virgin to Christ. But I am afraid that as the serpent deceived Eve by his cunning, your thoughts will be led astray from a sincere and pure devotion to Christ. For if someone comes and proclaims another Jesus than the one we proclaimed, or if you receive a different spirit from the one you received, or if you accept a different gospel from the one you accepted, you put up with it readily enough. Indeed, I consider that I am not in the least inferior to these super-apostles. Even if I am unskilled in speaking, I am not so in knowledge; indeed, in every way we have made this plain to you in all things.</p> <p id="p47011007.01-3">Or did I commit a sin in humbling myself so that you might be exalted, because I preached God's gospel to you free of charge? I robbed other churches by accepting support from them in order to serve you. And when I was with you and was in need, I did not burden anyone, for the brothers who came from Macedonia supplied my need. So I refrained and will refrain from burdening you in any way. As the truth of Christ is in me, this boasting of mine will not be silenced in the regions of Achaia. And why? Because I do not love you? God knows I do!</p> <p id="p47011012.01-3">And what I do I will continue to do, in order to undermine the claim of those who would like to claim that in their boasted mission they work on the same terms as we do. For such men are false apostles, deceitful workmen, disguising themselves as apostles of Christ. And no wonder, for even Satan disguises himself as an angel of light. So it is no surprise if his servants, also, disguise themselves as servants of righteousness. Their end will correspond to their deeds.</p> <p id="p47011016.06-3">I repeat, let no one think me foolish. But even if you do, accept me as a fool, so that I too may boast a little. What I am saying with this boastful confidence, I say not with the Lord's authority but as a fool. Since many boast according to the flesh, I too will boast. For you gladly bear with fools, being wise yourselves! For you bear it if someone makes slaves of you, or devours you, or takes advantage of you, or puts on airs, or strikes you in the face. To my shame, I must say, we were too weak for that!</p> <p id="p47011021.13-3">But whatever anyone else dares to boast of—I am speaking as a fool—I also dare to boast of that. Are they Hebrews? So am I. Are they Israelites? So am I. Are they offspring of Abraham? So am I. Are they servants of Christ? I am a better one—I am talking like a madman—with far greater labors, far more imprisonments, with countless beatings, and often near death. Five times I received at the hands of the Jews the forty lashes less one. Three times I was beaten with rods. Once I was stoned. Three times I was shipwrecked; a night and a day I was adrift at sea; on frequent journeys, in danger from rivers, danger from robbers, danger from my own people, danger from Gentiles, danger in the city, danger in the wilderness, danger at sea, danger from false brothers; in toil and hardship, through many a sleepless night, in hunger and thirst, often without food, in cold and exposure. And, apart from other things, there is the daily pressure on me of my anxiety for all the churches. Who is weak, and I am not weak? Who is made to fall, and I am not indignant?</p> <p id="p47011030.01-3">If I must boast, I will boast of the things that show my weakness. The God and Father of the Lord Jesus, he who is blessed forever, knows that I am not lying. At Damascus, the governor under King Aretas was guarding the city of Damascus in order to seize me, but I was let down in a basket through a window in the wall and escaped his hands.</p> <p id="p47012001.06-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v47012001-3">12:1 </span>I must go on boasting. Though there is nothing to be gained by it, I will go on to visions and revelations of the Lord. I know a man in Christ who fourteen years ago was caught up to the third heaven—whether in the body or out of the body I do not know, God knows. And I know that this man was caught up into paradise—whether in the body or out of the body I do not know, God knows— and he heard things that cannot be told, which man may not utter. On behalf of this man I will boast, but on my own behalf I will not boast, except of my weaknesses. Though if I should wish to boast, I would not be a fool, for I would be speaking the truth. But I refrain from it, so that no one may think more of me than he sees in me or hears from me. So to keep me from becoming conceited because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations, a thorn was given me in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to harass me, to keep me from becoming conceited. Three times I pleaded with the Lord about this, that it should leave me. But he said to me, <span class="woc">“My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.”</span> Therefore I will boast all the more gladly of my weaknesses, so that the power of Christ may rest upon me. For the sake of Christ, then, I am content with weaknesses, insults, hardships, persecutions, and calamities. For when I am weak, then I am strong.</p> <p id="p47012011.06-3">I have been a fool! You forced me to it, for I ought to have been commended by you. For I was not at all inferior to these super-apostles, even though I am nothing. The signs of a true apostle were performed among you with utmost patience, with signs and wonders and mighty works. For in what were you less favored than the rest of the churches, except that I myself did not burden you? Forgive me this wrong!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc23"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 15:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19015004.01-1">in whose eyes a vile person is despised,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but who honors those who fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> who swears to his own hurt and does not change;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc24"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 4:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50004008.01-1">Finally, brothers, whatever is true, whatever is honorable, whatever is just, whatever is pure, whatever is lovely, whatever is commendable, if there is any excellence, if there is anything worthy of praise, think about these things.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 22 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 76 + WLC 143 — Which is the ninth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/21</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 76.</span> Which is the ninth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The ninth commandment is, Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 143.</span> Which is the ninth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The ninth commandment is,Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020016.01-1">“You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005020.01-2">“‘And you shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020016.01-1">“You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005020.01-2">“‘And you shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 75 + WLC 142 — What are the sins forbidden in the eighth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/20</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 75.</span> What is forbidden in the eighth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The eighth commandment forbiddeth whatsoever doth, or may, unjustly hinder our own, or our neighbor's, wealth or outward estate.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 142.</span> What are the sins forbidden in the eighth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sins forbidden in the eighth commandment, besides the neglect of the duties required,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> are, theft,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> robbery,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> manstealing,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> and receiving anything that is stolen;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> fraudulent dealing,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> false weights and measures,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> removing landmarks,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup> injustice and unfaithfulness in contracts between man and man,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">10</sup> or in matters of trust;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">11</sup> oppression,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">12</sup> extortion,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">13</sup> usury,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">14</sup> bribery,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">15</sup> vexatious lawsuits,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">16</sup> unjust enclosures and depredation;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">17</sup> engrossing commodities to enhance the price;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">18</sup> unlawful callings,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc18">19</sup> and all other unjust or sinful ways of taking or withholding from our neighbor what belongs to him, or of enriching ourselves;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc19">20</sup> covetousness;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc20">21</sup> inordinate prizing and affecting worldly goods;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc21">22</sup> distrustful and distracting cares and studies in getting, keeping, and using them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc22">23</sup> envying at the prosperity of others;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc23">24</sup> as likewise idleness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc24">25</sup> prodigality, wasteful gaming; and all other ways whereby we do unduly prejudice our own outward estate,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc25">26</sup> and defrauding ourselves of the due use and comfort of that estate which God hath given us.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc26">27</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 28:19-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Whoever works his land will have plenty of bread,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but he who follows worthless pursuits will have plenty of poverty.<br/> A faithful man will abound with blessings,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but whoever hastens to be rich will not go unpunished.<br/> To show partiality is not good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but for a piece of bread a man will do wrong.<br/> A stingy man hastens after wealth<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and does not know that poverty will come upon him.<br/> Whoever rebukes a man will afterward find more favor<br/> <span class="indent"></span>than he who flatters with his tongue.<br/> Whoever robs his father or his mother<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and says, “That is no transgression,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>is a companion to a man who destroys.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Ephesians 4:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let the thief no longer steal, but rather let him labor, doing honest work with his own hands, so that he may have something to share with anyone in need.</p> </div> <h5>2 Thessalonians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For even when we were with you, we would give you this command: If anyone is not willing to work, let him not eat.</p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 5:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But if anyone does not provide for his relatives, and especially for members of his household, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 2:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002015.01-1">If a brother or sister is poorly clothed and lacking in daily food, and one of you says to them, “Go in peace, be warmed and filled,” without giving them the things needed for the body, what good is that?</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003017.01-2">But if anyone has the world's goods and sees his brother in need, yet closes his heart against him, how does God's love abide in him?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004028.01-1">Let the thief no longer steal, but rather let him labor, doing honest work with his own hands, so that he may have something to share with anyone in need.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 62:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19062010.01-1">Put no trust in extortion;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>set no vain hopes on robbery;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>if riches increase, set not your heart on them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54001010.01-1">the sexually immoral, men who practice homosexuality, enslavers, liars, perjurers, and whatever else is contrary to sound doctrine,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 29:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20029024.01-1">The partner of a thief hates his own life;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he hears the curse, but discloses nothing.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 50:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19050018.01-2">If you see a thief, you are pleased with him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you keep company with adulterers.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004006.01-1">that no one transgress and wrong his brother in this matter, because the Lord is an avenger in all these things, as we told you beforehand and solemnly warned you.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 19:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019013.01-2">“You shall not oppress your neighbor or rob him. The wages of a hired servant shall not remain with you all night until the morning.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 11:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20011001.01-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v20011001-1">11:1 </span>A false balance is an abomination to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but a just weight is his delight.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 20:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20020010.01-2">Unequal weights and unequal measures<br/> <span class="indent"></span>are both alike an abomination to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 19:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05019014.03-1">“You shall not move your neighbor's landmark, which the men of old have set, in the inheritance that you will hold in the land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is giving you to possess.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 23:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20023010.01-2">Do not move an ancient landmark<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or enter the fields of the fatherless,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Amos 8:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p30008005.01-1">saying, “When will the new moon be over,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that we may sell grain?<br/> And the Sabbath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that we may offer wheat for sale,<br/> that we may make the ephah small and the shekel great<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and deal deceitfully with false balances,</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 37:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19037021.01-2">The wicked borrows but does not pay back,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but the righteous is generous and gives;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 16:10-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42016010.01-1"><span class="woc">“One who is faithful in a very little is also faithful in much, and one who is dishonest in a very little is also dishonest in much.</span> <span class="woc">If then you have not been faithful in the unrighteous wealth, who will entrust to you the true riches?</span> <span class="woc">And if you have not been faithful in that which is another's, who will give you that which is your own?</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 22:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26022029.01-1">The people of the land have practiced extortion and committed robbery. They have oppressed the poor and needy, and have extorted from the sojourner without justice.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 25:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03025017.01-2">You shall not wrong one another, but you shall fear your God, for I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 23:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40023025.01-1"><span class="woc">“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you clean the outside of the cup and the plate, but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence.</span></p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 22:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26022012.01-2">In you they take bribes to shed blood; you take interest and profit and make gain of your neighbors by extortion; but me you have forgotten, declares the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 15:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19015005.01-1">who does not put out his money at interest<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and does not take a bribe against the innocent.<br/> He who does these things shall never be moved.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Job 15:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18015034.01-1">For the company of the godless is barren,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and fire consumes the tents of bribery.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 6:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46006006.01-1">but brother goes to law against brother, and that before unbelievers? To have lawsuits at all with one another is already a defeat for you. Why not rather suffer wrong? Why not rather be defrauded? But you yourselves wrong and defraud—even your own brothers!</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 3:29-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20003029.01-2">Do not plan evil against your neighbor,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who dwells trustingly beside you.<br/>  Do not contend with a man for no reason,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when he has done you no harm.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 5:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23005008.05-1">Woe to those who join house to house,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who add field to field,<br/> until there is no more room,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you are made to dwell alone<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the midst of the land.</p> </div> </div><h5>Micah 2:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p33002002.01-2">They covet fields and seize them,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and houses, and take them away;<br/> they oppress a man and his house,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a man and his inheritance.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 11:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20011026.01-1">The people curse him who holds back grain,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but a blessing is on the head of him who sells it.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 19:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44019019.01-1">And a number of those who had practiced magic arts brought their books together and burned them in the sight of all. And they counted the value of them and found it came to fifty thousand pieces of silver.</p> </div><h5>Acts 19:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44019024.01-2">For a man named Demetrius, a silversmith, who made silver shrines of Artemis, brought no little business to the craftsmen. These he gathered together, with the workmen in similar trades, and said, “Men, you know that from this business we have our wealth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc19"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 5:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59005004.01-1">Behold, the wages of the laborers who mowed your fields, which you kept back by fraud, are crying out against you, and the cries of the harvesters have reached the ears of the Lord of hosts.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 21:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20021006.01-2">The getting of treasures by a lying tongue<br/> <span class="indent"></span>is a fleeting vapor and a snare of death.</p> </div> </div><h5>Job 20:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18020019.01-3">For he has crushed and abandoned the poor;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has seized a house that he did not build.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc20"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 12:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42012015.01-1">And he said to them, <span class="woc">“Take care, and be on your guard against all covetousness, for one's life does not consist in the abundance of his possessions.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc21"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 6:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006005.01-1">and constant friction among people who are depraved in mind and deprived of the truth, imagining that godliness is a means of gain.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003002.01-2">Set your minds on things that are above, not on things that are on earth.</p> </div><h5>1 John 2:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p62002015.06-3">Do not love the world or the things in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him. For all that is in the world—the desires of the flesh and the desires of the eyes and pride in possessions—is not from the Father but is from the world.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 23:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20023005.01-4">When your eyes light on it, it is gone,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for suddenly it sprouts wings,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>flying like an eagle toward heaven.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 62:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19062010.01-5">Put no trust in extortion;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>set no vain hopes on robbery;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>if riches increase, set not your heart on them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc22"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40006025.05-1"><span class="woc">“Therefore I tell you, do not be anxious about your life, what you will eat or what you will drink, nor about your body, what you will put on. Is not life more than food, and the body more than clothing?</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 6:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006031.01-2"><span class="woc">Therefore do not be anxious, saying, ‘What shall we eat?’ or ‘What shall we drink?’ or ‘What shall we wear?’</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 6:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006034.01-3"><span class="woc">“Therefore do not be anxious about tomorrow, for tomorrow will be anxious for itself. Sufficient for the day is its own trouble.</span></p> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21005012.01-4">Sweet is the sleep of a laborer, whether he eats little or much, but the full stomach of the rich will not let him sleep.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc23"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 73:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19073003.01-1">For I was envious of the arrogant<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I saw the prosperity of the wicked.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 37:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19037001.09-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19037001-2">37:1 </span>Fret not yourself because of evildoers;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>be not envious of wrongdoers!</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 37:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19037007.01-3">Be still before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and wait patiently for him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>fret not yourself over the one who prospers in his way,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>over the man who carries out evil devices!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc24"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Thessalonians 3:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53003010.01-1">For even when we were with you, we would give you this command: If anyone is not willing to work, let him not eat. For we hear that some among you walk in idleness, not busy at work, but busybodies.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 18:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20018009.01-2">Whoever is slack in his work<br/> <span class="indent"></span>is a brother to him who destroys.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc25"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 21:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20021017.01-1">Whoever loves pleasure will be a poor man;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he who loves wine and oil will not be rich.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 23:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20023020.01-2">Be not among drunkards<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or among gluttonous eaters of meat,<br/>  for the drunkard and the glutton will come to poverty,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and slumber will clothe them with rags.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20028019.01-3">Whoever works his land will have plenty of bread,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but he who follows worthless pursuits will have plenty of poverty.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc26"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ecclesiastes 4:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21004008.01-1">one person who has no other, either son or brother, yet there is no end to all his toil, and his eyes are never satisfied with riches, so that he never asks, “For whom am I toiling and depriving myself of pleasure?” This also is vanity and an unhappy business.</p> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 6:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21006002.01-2">a man to whom God gives wealth, possessions, and honor, so that he lacks nothing of all that he desires, yet God does not give him power to enjoy them, but a stranger enjoys them. This is vanity; it is a grievous evil.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 4:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54004003.01-3">who forbid marriage and require abstinence from foods that God created to be received with thanksgiving by those who believe and know the truth. For everything created by God is good, and nothing is to be rejected if it is received with thanksgiving, for it is made holy by the word of God and prayer.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 5:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54005008.01-4">But if anyone does not provide for his relatives, and especially for members of his household, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 20 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 74 + WLC 141 — What are the duties required in the eighth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/19</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 74.</span> What is required in the eighth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The eighth commandment requireth the lawful procuring and furthering the wealth and outward estate of ourselves and others.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 141.</span> What are the duties required in the eighth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The duties required in the eighth commandment are, truth, faithfulness, and justice in contracts and commerce between man and man;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> rendering to everyone his due;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> restitution of goods unlawfully detained from the right owners thereof;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> giving and lending freely, according to our abilities, and the necessities of others;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> moderation of our judgments, wills, and affections concerning worldly goods;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> a provident care and study to get,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> keep, use, and dispose these things which are necessary and convenient for the sustentation of our nature, and suitable to our condition;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> a lawful calling,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup> and diligence in it;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">10</sup> frugality;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">11</sup> avoiding unnecessary lawsuits,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">12</sup> and suretyship, or other like engagements;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">13</sup> and an endeavor, by all just and lawful means, to procure, preserve, and further the wealth and outward estate of others, as well as our own.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">14</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 25:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p03025035.05-1">“If your brother becomes poor and cannot maintain himself with you, you shall support him as though he were a stranger and a sojourner, and he shall live with you.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004028.01-2">Let the thief no longer steal, but rather let him labor, doing honest work with his own hands, so that he may have something to share with anyone in need.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002004.01-3">Let each of you look not only to his own interests, but also to the interests of others.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 15:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19015002.01-1">He who walks blamelessly and does what is right<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and speaks truth in his heart;</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 15:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19015004.01-2">in whose eyes a vile person is despised,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but who honors those who fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> who swears to his own hurt and does not change;</p> </div> </div><h5>Micah 6:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p33006008.01-3">He has told you, O man, what is good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and what does the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> require of you<br/> but to do justice, and to love kindness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to walk humbly with your God?</p> </div> </div><h5>Zechariah 8:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p38008016.01-4">These are the things that you shall do: Speak the truth to one another; render in your gates judgments that are true and make for peace; do not devise evil in your hearts against one another, and love no false oath, for all these things I hate, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.”</p> </div><h5>Zechariah 7:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p38007004.01-5">Then the word of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts came to me:</p> </div><h5>Zechariah 7:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p38007010.01-6">do not oppress the widow, the fatherless, the sojourner, or the poor, and let none of you devise evil against another in your heart.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 13:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45013007.01-1">Pay to all what is owed to them: taxes to whom taxes are owed, revenue to whom revenue is owed, respect to whom respect is owed, honor to whom honor is owed.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 6:2-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03006002.01-1">“If anyone sins and commits a breach of faith against the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> by deceiving his neighbor in a matter of deposit or security, or through robbery, or if he has oppressed his neighbor or has found something lost and lied about it, swearing falsely—in any of all the things that people do and sin thereby— if he has sinned and has realized his guilt and will restore what he took by robbery or what he got by oppression or the deposit that was committed to him or the lost thing that he found or anything about which he has sworn falsely, he shall restore it in full and shall add a fifth to it, and give it to him to whom it belongs on the day he realizes his guilt.</p> </div><h5>Luke 19:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42019008.01-2">And Zacchaeus stood and said to the Lord, “Behold, Lord, the half of my goods I give to the poor. And if I have defrauded anyone of anything, I restore it fourfold.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 6:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42006030.01-1"><span class="woc">Give to everyone who begs from you, and from one who takes away your goods do not demand them back.</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 6:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42006038.01-2"><span class="woc">give, and it will be given to you. Good measure, pressed down, shaken together, running over, will be put into your lap. For with the measure you use it will be measured back to you.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 John 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003017.01-3">But if anyone has the world's goods and sees his brother in need, yet closes his heart against him, how does God's love abide in him?</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004028.01-4">Let the thief no longer steal, but rather let him labor, doing honest work with his own hands, so that he may have something to share with anyone in need.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 6:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48006010.01-5">So then, as we have opportunity, let us do good to everyone, and especially to those who are of the household of faith.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 6:6-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006006.01-1">Now there is great gain in godliness with contentment, for we brought nothing into the world, and we cannot take anything out of the world. But if we have food and clothing, with these we will be content. But those who desire to be rich fall into temptation, into a snare, into many senseless and harmful desires that plunge people into ruin and destruction.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 6:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48006014.01-2">But far be it from me to boast except in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, by which the world has been crucified to me, and I to the world.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 5:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54005008.01-1">But if anyone does not provide for his relatives, and especially for members of his household, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 27:23-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20027023.01-1">Know well the condition of your flocks,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and give attention to your herds,<br/>  for riches do not last forever;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and does a crown endure to all generations?<br/>  When the grass is gone and the new growth appears<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the vegetation of the mountains is gathered,<br/>  the lambs will provide your clothing,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the goats the price of a field.<br/>  There will be enough goats' milk for your food,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the food of your household<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and maintenance for your girls.<br/> </p> </div> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 2:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21002024.01-2">There is nothing better for a person than that he should eat and drink and find enjoyment in his toil. This also, I saw, is from the hand of God,</p> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 3:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21003012.01-3">I perceived that there is nothing better for them than to be joyful and to do good as long as they live; also that everyone should eat and drink and take pleasure in all his toil—this is God's gift to man.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 6:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006017.01-4">As for the rich in this present age, charge them not to be haughty, nor to set their hopes on the uncertainty of riches, but on God, who richly provides us with everything to enjoy. They are to do good, to be rich in good works, to be generous and ready to share,</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 38:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p23038001.05-5"><span class="chapter-num" id="v23038001-5">38:1 </span>In those days Hezekiah became sick and was at the point of death. And Isaiah the prophet the son of Amoz came to him, and said to him, “Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: Set your house in order, for you shall die, you shall not recover.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 11:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40011008.01-6"><span class="woc">What then did you go out to see? A man dressed in soft clothing? Behold, those who wear soft clothing are in kings' houses.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 7:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007020.01-1">Each one should remain in the condition in which he was called.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 2:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002015.01-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God took the man and put him in the garden of Eden to work it and keep it.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 3:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003019.01-3">By the sweat of your face<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you shall eat bread,<br/> till you return to the ground,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for out of it you were taken;<br/> for you are dust,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to dust you shall return.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004028.01-1">Let the thief no longer steal, but rather let him labor, doing honest work with his own hands, so that he may have something to share with anyone in need.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 10:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20010004.01-2">A slack hand causes poverty,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but the hand of the diligent makes rich.</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 12:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45012011.01-3">Do not be slothful in zeal, be fervent in spirit, serve the Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 6:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006012.01-1">And when they had eaten their fill, he told his disciples, <span class="woc">“Gather up the leftover fragments, that nothing may be lost.”</span></p> </div><h5>Proverbs 21:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20021020.01-2">Precious treasure and oil are in a wise man's dwelling,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but a foolish man devours it.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 6:1-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46006001.04-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v46006001-1">6:1 </span>When one of you has a grievance against another, does he dare go to law before the unrighteous instead of the saints? Or do you not know that the saints will judge the world? And if the world is to be judged by you, are you incompetent to try trivial cases? Do you not know that we are to judge angels? How much more, then, matters pertaining to this life! So if you have such cases, why do you lay them before those who have no standing in the church? I say this to your shame. Can it be that there is no one among you wise enough to settle a dispute between the brothers, but brother goes to law against brother, and that before unbelievers? To have lawsuits at all with one another is already a defeat for you. Why not rather suffer wrong? Why not rather be defrauded? But you yourselves wrong and defraud—even your own brothers!</p> <p id="p46006009.01-1">Or do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived: neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor men who practice homosexuality,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 11:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20011015.01-1">Whoever puts up security for a stranger will surely suffer harm,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but he who hates striking hands in pledge is secure.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 6:1-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20006001.03-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v20006001-2">6:1 </span>My son, if you have put up security for your neighbor,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>have given your pledge for a stranger,<br/>  if you are snared in the words of your mouth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>caught in the words of your mouth,<br/>  then do this, my son, and save yourself,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you have come into the hand of your neighbor:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>go, hasten, and plead urgently with your neighbor.<br/>  Give your eyes no sleep<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your eyelids no slumber;<br/>  save yourself like a gazelle from the hand of the hunter,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like a bird from the hand of the fowler.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p20006006.01-2">Go to the ant, O sluggard;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>consider her ways, and be wise.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 25:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p03025035.05-1">“If your brother becomes poor and cannot maintain himself with you, you shall support him as though he were a stranger and a sojourner, and he shall live with you.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002004.01-2">Let each of you look not only to his own interests, but also to the interests of others.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 22:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05022001.03-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v05022001-3">22:1 </span>“You shall not see your brother's ox or his sheep going astray and ignore them. You shall take them back to your brother. And if he does not live near you and you do not know who he is, you shall bring it home to your house, and it shall stay with you until your brother seeks it. Then you shall restore it to him. And you shall do the same with his donkey or with his garment, or with any lost thing of your brother's, which he loses and you find; you may not ignore it. You shall not see your brother's donkey or his ox fallen down by the way and ignore them. You shall help him to lift them up again.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 23:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02023004.01-4">“If you meet your enemy's ox or his donkey going astray, you shall bring it back to him. If you see the donkey of one who hates you lying down under its burden, you shall refrain from leaving him with it; you shall rescue it with him.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 47:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01047014.01-5">And Joseph gathered up all the money that was found in the land of Egypt and in the land of Canaan, in exchange for the grain that they bought. And Joseph brought the money into Pharaoh's house.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 47:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01047020.01-6">So Joseph bought all the land of Egypt for Pharaoh, for all the Egyptians sold their fields, because the famine was severe on them. The land became Pharaoh's.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 22:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40022039.01-7"><span class="woc">And a second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 73 + WLC 140 — Which is the eighth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/18</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 73.</span> Which is the eighth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The eighth commandment is, Thou shalt not steal.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 140.</span> Which is the eighth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The eighth commandment is, Thou shalt not steal.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020015.01-1">“You shall not steal.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005019.01-2">“‘And you shall not steal.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“‘And you shall not steal.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 20:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“You shall not steal.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 18 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 72 + WLC 139 — What are the sins forbidden in the seventh commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/17</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 72.</span> What is forbidden in the seventh commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The seventh commandment forbiddeth all unchaste thoughts, words, and actions.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 139.</span> What are the sins forbidden in the seventh commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sins forbidden in the seventh commandment, besides the neglect of the duties required,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> are, adultery, fornication,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> rape, incest,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> sodomy, and all unnatural lusts;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> all unclean imaginations, thoughts, purposes, and affections;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> all corrupt or filthy communications, or listening thereunto;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> wanton looks,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> impudent or light behavior, immodest apparel;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup> prohibiting of lawful,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">10</sup> and dispensing with unlawful marriages;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">11</sup> allowing, tolerating, keeping of stews, and resorting to them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">12</sup> entangling vows of single life,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">13</sup> undue delay of marriage,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">14</sup> having more wives or husbands than one at the same time;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">15</sup> unjust divorce,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">16</sup> or desertion;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">17</sup> idleness, gluttony, drunkenness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">18</sup> unchaste company;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc18">19</sup> lascivious songs, books, pictures, dancings, stage plays;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc19">20</sup> and all other provocations to, or acts of uncleanness, either in ourselves or others.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc20">21</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40005028.01-1"><span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who looks at a woman with lustful intent has already committed adultery with her in his heart.</span></p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005003.01-2">But sexual immorality and all impurity or covetousness must not even be named among you, as is proper among saints. Let there be no filthiness nor foolish talk nor crude joking, which are out of place, but instead let there be thanksgiving.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 5:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20005007.01-1">And now, O sons, listen to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not depart from the words of my mouth.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 4:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20004023.01-2">Keep your heart with all vigilance,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for from it flow the springs of life.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 4:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20004027.01-3">Do not swerve to the right or to the left;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>turn your foot away from evil.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 13:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58013004.01-1">Let marriage be held in honor among all, and let the marriage bed be undefiled, for God will judge the sexually immoral and adulterous.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005005.01-2">For you may be sure of this, that everyone who is sexually immoral or impure, or who is covetous (that is, an idolater), has no inheritance in the kingdom of Christ and God.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005019.01-3">Now the works of the flesh are evident: sexual immorality, impurity, sensuality,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Samuel 13:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10013014.01-1">But he would not listen to her, and being stronger than she, he violated her and lay with her.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46005001.06-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v46005001-2">5:1 </span>It is actually reported that there is sexual immorality among you, and of a kind that is not tolerated even among pagans, for a man has his father's wife.</p> </div><h5>Mark 6:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41006018.01-3">For John had been saying to Herod, “It is not lawful for you to have your brother's wife.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001024.01-1">Therefore God gave them up in the lusts of their hearts to impurity, to the dishonoring of their bodies among themselves,</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001026.01-2">For this reason God gave them up to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged natural relations for those that are contrary to nature; and the men likewise gave up natural relations with women and were consumed with passion for one another, men committing shameless acts with men and receiving in themselves the due penalty for their error.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 20:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03020015.01-3">If a man lies with an animal, he shall surely be put to death, and you shall kill the animal. If a woman approaches any animal and lies with it, you shall kill the woman and the animal; they shall surely be put to death; their blood is upon them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40005028.01-1"><span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who looks at a woman with lustful intent has already committed adultery with her in his heart.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 15:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40015019.01-2"><span class="woc">For out of the heart come evil thoughts, murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false witness, slander.</span></p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003005.01-3">Put to death therefore what is earthly in you: sexual immorality, impurity, passion, evil desire, and covetousness, which is idolatry.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 5:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005003.01-1">But sexual immorality and all impurity or covetousness must not even be named among you, as is proper among saints. Let there be no filthiness nor foolish talk nor crude joking, which are out of place, but instead let there be thanksgiving.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 7:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20007005.01-2">to keep you from the forbidden woman,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from the adulteress with her smooth words.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 7:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20007021.01-3">With much seductive speech she persuades him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>with her smooth talk she compels him.<br/>  All at once he follows her,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as an ox goes to the slaughter,<br/> or as a stag is caught fast  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23003016.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said:<br/> Because the daughters of Zion are haughty<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and walk with outstretched necks,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>glancing wantonly with their eyes,<br/> mincing along as they go,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>tinkling with their feet,</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Peter 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61002014.01-2">They have eyes full of adultery, insatiable for sin. They entice unsteady souls. They have hearts trained in greed. Accursed children!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 7:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20007010.01-1">And behold, the woman meets him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>dressed as a prostitute, wily of heart.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 7:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20007013.01-2">She seizes him and kisses him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with bold face she says to him,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 4:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54004003.01-1">who forbid marriage and require abstinence from foods that God created to be received with thanksgiving by those who believe and know the truth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 6:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41006018.01-1">For John had been saying to Herod, “It is not lawful for you to have your brother's wife.”</p> </div><h5>Malachi 2:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39002011.01-2">Judah has been faithless, and abomination has been committed in Israel and in Jerusalem. For Judah has profaned the sanctuary of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, which he loves, and has married the daughter of a foreign god. May the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> cut off from the tents of Jacob any descendant of the man who does this, who brings an offering to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts!</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 18:1-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p03018001.04-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v03018001-3">18:1 </span>And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke to Moses, saying, “Speak to the people of Israel and say to them, I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. You shall not do as they do in the land of Egypt, where you lived, and you shall not do as they do in the land of Canaan, to which I am bringing you. You shall not walk in their statutes. You shall follow my rules and keep my statutes and walk in them. I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. You shall therefore keep my statutes and my rules; if a person does them, he shall live by them: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> <p id="p03018006.01-3">“None of you shall approach any one of his close relatives to uncover nakedness. I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father, which is the nakedness of your mother; she is your mother, you shall not uncover her nakedness. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father's wife; it is your father's nakedness. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your sister, your father's daughter or your mother's daughter, whether brought up in the family or in another home. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your son's daughter or of your daughter's daughter, for their nakedness is your own nakedness. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father's wife's daughter, brought up in your father's family, since she is your sister. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father's sister; she is your father's relative. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your mother's sister, for she is your mother's relative. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father's brother, that is, you shall not approach his wife; she is your aunt. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your daughter-in-law; she is your son's wife, you shall not uncover her nakedness. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your brother's wife; it is your brother's nakedness. You shall not uncover the nakedness of a woman and of her daughter, and you shall not take her son's daughter or her daughter's daughter to uncover her nakedness; they are relatives; it is depravity. And you shall not take a woman as a rival wife to her sister, uncovering her nakedness while her sister is still alive.</p> <p id="p03018019.01-3">“You shall not approach a woman to uncover her nakedness while she is in her menstrual uncleanness. And you shall not lie sexually with your neighbor's wife and so make yourself unclean with her. You shall not give any of your children to offer them to Molech, and so profane the name of your God: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Kings 15:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11015012.01-1">He put away the male cult prostitutes out of the land and removed all the idols that his fathers had made.</p> </div><h5>2 Kings 23:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p12023007.01-2">And he broke down the houses of the male cult prostitutes who were in the house of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, where the women wove hangings for the Asherah.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 19:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019029.01-3">“Do not profane your daughter by making her a prostitute, lest the land fall into prostitution and the land become full of depravity.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 5:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24005007.01-4">“How can I pardon you?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Your children have forsaken me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have sworn by those who are no gods.<br/> When I fed them to the full,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they committed adultery<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and trooped to the houses of whores.</p> </div> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 23:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05023017.01-5">“None of the daughters of Israel shall be a cult prostitute, and none of the sons of Israel shall be a cult prostitute. You shall not bring the fee of a prostitute or the wages of a dog into the house of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in payment for any vow, for both of these are an abomination to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 7:24-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20007024.01-6">And now, O sons, listen to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and be attentive to the words of my mouth.<br/>  Let not your heart turn aside to her ways;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>do not stray into her paths,<br/>  for many a victim has she laid low,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all her slain are a mighty throng.<br/>  Her house is the way to Sheol,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>going down to the chambers of death.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 19:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019010.01-1">The disciples said to him, “If such is the case of a man with his wife, it is better not to marry.” But he said to them, <span class="woc">“Not everyone can receive this saying, but only those to whom it is given.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 7:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007007.01-1">I wish that all were as I myself am. But each has his own gift from God, one of one kind and one of another.</p> <p id="p46007008.01-1">To the unmarried and the widows I say that it is good for them to remain single as I am. But if they cannot exercise self-control, they should marry. For it is better to marry than to burn with passion.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 38:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01038026.01-2">Then Judah identified them and said, “She is more righteous than I, since I did not give her to my son Shelah.” And he did not know her again.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Malachi 2:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39002014.01-1">But you say, “Why does he not?” Because the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> was witness between you and the wife of your youth, to whom you have been faithless, though she is your companion and your wife by covenant. Did he not make them one, with a portion of the Spirit in their union? And what was the one God seeking? Godly offspring. So guard yourselves in your spirit, and let none of you be faithless to the wife of your youth.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 19:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019005.01-2"><span class="woc">and said, ‘Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh’?</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Malachi 2:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39002016.01-1">“For the man who does not love his wife but divorces her, says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel, covers his garment with violence, says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts. So guard yourselves in your spirit, and do not be faithless.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40005032.01-2"><span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who divorces his wife, except on the ground of sexual immorality, makes her commit adultery, and whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 19:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019008.01-3">He said to them, <span class="woc">“Because of your hardness of heart Moses allowed you to divorce your wives, but from the beginning it was not so.</span> <span class="woc">And I say to you: whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 7:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007012.01-1">To the rest I say (I, not the Lord) that if any brother has a wife who is an unbeliever, and she consents to live with him, he should not divorce her. If any woman has a husband who is an unbeliever, and he consents to live with her, she should not divorce him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 16:49</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26016049.01-1">Behold, this was the guilt of your sister Sodom: she and her daughters had pride, excess of food, and prosperous ease, but did not aid the poor and needy.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 23:30-33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20023030.01-2">Those who tarry long over wine;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>those who go to try mixed wine.<br/>  Do not look at wine when it is red,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when it sparkles in the cup<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and goes down smoothly.<br/>  In the end it bites like a serpent<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and stings like an adder.<br/>  Your eyes will see strange things,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your heart utter perverse things.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 39:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01039019.01-1">As soon as his master heard the words that his wife spoke to him, “This is the way your servant treated me,” his anger was kindled.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 5:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20005008.01-2">Keep your way far from her,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not go near the door of her house,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc19"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 5:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005004.01-1">Let there be no filthiness nor foolish talk nor crude joking, which are out of place, but instead let there be thanksgiving.</p> </div><h5>Romans 13:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45013013.01-2">Let us walk properly as in the daytime, not in orgies and drunkenness, not in sexual immorality and sensuality, not in quarreling and jealousy.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 4:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60004003.01-3">For the time that is past suffices for doing what the Gentiles want to do, living in sensuality, passions, drunkenness, orgies, drinking parties, and lawless idolatry.</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 23:14-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26023014.01-4">But she carried her whoring further. She saw men portrayed on the wall, the images of the Chaldeans portrayed in vermilion, wearing belts on their waists, with flowing turbans on their heads, all of them having the appearance of officers, a likeness of Babylonians whose native land was Chaldea. When she saw them, she lusted after them and sent messengers to them in Chaldea.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23003016.01-5">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said:<br/> Because the daughters of Zion are haughty<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and walk with outstretched necks,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>glancing wantonly with their eyes,<br/> mincing along as they go,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>tinkling with their feet,</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 23:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p23023015.01-6">In that day Tyre will be forgotten for seventy years, like the days of one king. At the end of seventy years, it will happen to Tyre as in the song of the prostitute:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23023016.01-6">“Take a harp;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>go about the city,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O forgotten prostitute!<br/> Make sweet melody;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>sing many songs,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that you may be remembered.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p23023017.01-6">At the end of seventy years, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will visit Tyre, and she will return to her wages and will prostitute herself with all the kingdoms of the world on the face of the earth.</p> </div><h5>Mark 6:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41006022.01-7">For when Herodias's daughter came in and danced, she pleased Herod and his guests. And the king said to the girl, “Ask me for whatever you wish, and I will give it to you.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc20"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Kings 9:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p12009030.04-1">When Jehu came to Jezreel, Jezebel heard of it. And she painted her eyes and adorned her head and looked out of the window.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 4:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24004030.01-2">And you, O desolate one,<br/> what do you mean that you dress in scarlet,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that you adorn yourself with ornaments of gold,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that you enlarge your eyes with paint?<br/> In vain you beautify yourself.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Your lovers despise you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they seek your life.</p> </div> </div><h5>Ezekiel 23:40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26023040.01-3">They even sent for men to come from afar, to whom a messenger was sent; and behold, they came. For them you bathed yourself, painted your eyes, and adorned yourself with ornaments.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <title>WSC 71 + WLC 138 — What are the duties required in the seventh commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/16</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 71.</span> What is required in the seventh commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The seventh commandment requireth the preservation of our own and our neighbor's chastity, in heart, speech, and behavior.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 138.</span> What are the duties required in the seventh commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The duties required in the seventh commandment are, chastity in body, mind, affections,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> words,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> and behavior;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> and the preservation of it in ourselves and others;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> watchfulness over the eyes and all the senses;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> temperance,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> keeping of chaste company,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> modesty in apparel;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup> marriage by those that have not the gift of continency,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">10</sup> conjugal love,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">11</sup> and cohabitation;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">12</sup> diligent labor in our callings;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">13</sup> shunning all occasions of uncleanness, and resisting temptations thereunto.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">14</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 7:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007002.01-1">But because of the temptation to sexual immorality, each man should have his own wife and each woman her own husband. The husband should give to his wife her conjugal rights, and likewise the wife to her husband.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 7:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007005.01-2">Do not deprive one another, except perhaps by agreement for a limited time, that you may devote yourselves to prayer; but then come together again, so that Satan may not tempt you because of your lack of self-control.</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004003.01-3">For this is the will of God, your sanctification: that you abstain from sexual immorality; that each one of you know how to control his own body in holiness and honor, not in the passion of lust like the Gentiles who do not know God;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004004.01-1">that each one of you know how to control his own body in holiness and honor, not in the passion of lust like the Gentiles who do not know God;</p> </div><h5>Job 31:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18031001.04-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v18031001-2">31:1 </span>“I have made a covenant with my eyes;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>how then could I gaze at a virgin?</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 7:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007034.01-3">and his interests are divided. And the unmarried or betrothed woman is anxious about the things of the Lord, how to be holy in body and spirit. But the married woman is anxious about worldly things, how to please her husband.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004029.01-1">Let no corrupting talk come out of your mouths, but only such as is good for building up, as fits the occasion, that it may give grace to those who hear.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51004006.01-2">Let your speech always be gracious, seasoned with salt, so that you may know how you ought to answer each person.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60003002.01-1">when they see your respectful and pure conduct.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 7:2-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007002.01-1">But because of the temptation to sexual immorality, each man should have his own wife and each woman her own husband. The husband should give to his wife her conjugal rights, and likewise the wife to her husband. For the wife does not have authority over her own body, but the husband does. Likewise the husband does not have authority over his own body, but the wife does. Do not deprive one another, except perhaps by agreement for a limited time, that you may devote yourselves to prayer; but then come together again, so that Satan may not tempt you because of your lack of self-control.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 7:34-36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007034.01-2">and his interests are divided. And the unmarried or betrothed woman is anxious about the things of the Lord, how to be holy in body and spirit. But the married woman is anxious about worldly things, how to please her husband. I say this for your own benefit, not to lay any restraint upon you, but to promote good order and to secure your undivided devotion to the Lord.</p> <p id="p46007036.01-2">If anyone thinks that he is not behaving properly toward his betrothed, if his passions are strong, and it has to be, let him do as he wishes: let them marry—it is no sin.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40005028.01-1"><span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who looks at a woman with lustful intent has already committed adultery with her in his heart.</span></p> </div><h5>Job 31:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18031001.04-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v18031001-2">31:1 </span>“I have made a covenant with my eyes;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>how then could I gaze at a virgin?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 24:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44024024.01-1">After some days Felix came with his wife Drusilla, who was Jewish, and he sent for Paul and heard him speak about faith in Christ Jesus. And as he reasoned about righteousness and self-control and the coming judgment, Felix was alarmed and said, “Go away for the present. When I get an opportunity I will summon you.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 2:16-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20002016.01-1">So you will be delivered from the forbidden woman,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from the adulteress with her smooth words,<br/>  who forsakes the companion of her youth<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and forgets the covenant of her God;<br/>  for her house sinks down to death,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and her paths to the departed;<br/>  none who go to her come back,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor do they regain the paths of life.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p20002020.01-1">So you will walk in the way of the good<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and keep to the paths of the righteous.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 2:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54002009.01-1">likewise also that women should adorn themselves in respectable apparel, with modesty and self-control, not with braided hair and gold or pearls or costly attire,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 7:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007002.01-1">But because of the temptation to sexual immorality, each man should have his own wife and each woman her own husband.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 7:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007009.01-2">But if they cannot exercise self-control, they should marry. For it is better to marry than to burn with passion.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 5:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20005019.01-1"><span class="indent"></span>a lovely deer, a graceful doe.<br/> Let her breasts fill you at all times with delight;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>be intoxicated always in her love.<br/>  Why should you be intoxicated, my son, with a forbidden woman<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and embrace the bosom of an adulteress?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 3:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60003007.01-1">Likewise, husbands, live with your wives in an understanding way, showing honor to the woman as the weaker vessel, since they are heirs with you of the grace of life, so that your prayers may not be hindered.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 7:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007005.01-2">Do not deprive one another, except perhaps by agreement for a limited time, that you may devote yourselves to prayer; but then come together again, so that Satan may not tempt you because of your lack of self-control.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 31:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20031011.01-1">The heart of her husband trusts in her,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he will have no lack of gain.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 31:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20031027.01-2">She looks well to the ways of her household<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and does not eat the bread of idleness.<br/>  Her children rise up and call her blessed;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>her husband also, and he praises her:  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 5:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20005008.01-1">Keep your way far from her,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not go near the door of her house,</p> </div> </div><h5>Genesis 39:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01039008.01-2">But he refused and said to his master's wife, “Behold, because of me my master has no concern about anything in the house, and he has put everything that he has in my charge. He is not greater in this house than I am, nor has he kept back anything from me except yourself, because you are his wife. How then can I do this great wickedness and sin against God?” And as she spoke to Joseph day after day, he would not listen to her, to lie beside her or to be with her.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 16 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 70 + WLC 137 — Which is the seventh commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/15</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 70.</span> Which is the seventh commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The seventh commandment is, Thou shalt not commit adultery.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 137.</span> Which is the seventh commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The seventh commandment is, Thou shalt not commit adultery.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020014.01-1">“You shall not commit adultery.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005018.01-2">“‘And you shall not commit adultery.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020014.01-1">“You shall not commit adultery.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005018.01-2">“‘And you shall not commit adultery.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 15 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>WSC 69 + WLC 136 — What are the sins forbidden in the sixth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/14</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 69.</span> What is forbidden in the sixth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sixth commandment forbiddeth the taking away of our own life, or the life of our neighbor unjustly, or whatsoever tendeth thereunto.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 136.</span> What are the sins forbidden in the sixth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sins forbidden in the sixth commandment are, all taking away the life of ourselves,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> or of others,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> except in case of public justice,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> lawful war,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> or necessary defense;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> the neglecting or withdrawing the lawful and necessary means of preservation of life;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> sinful anger,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> hatred,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup> envy,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">10</sup> desire of revenge;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">11</sup> all excessive passions,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">12</sup> distracting cares;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">13</sup> immoderate use of meat, drink,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">14</sup> labor,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">15</sup> and recreations;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">16</sup> provoking words,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">17</sup> oppression,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">18</sup> quarreling,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc18">19</sup> striking, wounding,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc19">20</sup> and whatsoever else tends to the destruction of the life of any.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc20">21</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 9:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01009006.01-1">“Whoever sheds the blood of man,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>by man shall his blood be shed,<br/> for God made man in his own image.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 5:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40005022.01-2"><span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment; whoever insults his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, ‘You fool!’ will be liable to the hell of fire.</span></p> </div><h5>1 John 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003015.01-3">Everyone who hates his brother is a murderer, and you know that no murderer has eternal life abiding in him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 16:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44016028.01-1">But Paul cried with a loud voice, “Do not harm yourself, for we are all here.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 9:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01009006.01-1">“Whoever sheds the blood of man,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>by man shall his blood be shed,<br/> for God made man in his own image.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Numbers 35:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p04035031.01-1">Moreover, you shall accept no ransom for the life of a murderer, who is guilty of death, but he shall be put to death.</p> </div><h5>Numbers 35:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p04035033.01-2">You shall not pollute the land in which you live, for blood pollutes the land, and no atonement can be made for the land for the blood that is shed in it, except by the blood of the one who shed it.</p> </div><h5>Romans 13:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45013004.01-3">for he is God's servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain. For he is the servant of God, an avenger who carries out God's wrath on the wrongdoer.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 20</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05020001.04-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v05020001-1">20:1 </span>“When you go out to war against your enemies, and see horses and chariots and an army larger than your own, you shall not be afraid of them, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is with you, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt. And when you draw near to the battle, the priest shall come forward and speak to the people and shall say to them, ‘Hear, O Israel, today you are drawing near for battle against your enemies: let not your heart faint. Do not fear or panic or be in dread of them, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is he who goes with you to fight for you against your enemies, to give you the victory.’ Then the officers shall speak to the people, saying, ‘Is there any man who has built a new house and has not dedicated it? Let him go back to his house, lest he die in the battle and another man dedicate it. And is there any man who has planted a vineyard and has not enjoyed its fruit? Let him go back to his house, lest he die in the battle and another man enjoy its fruit. And is there any man who has betrothed a wife and has not taken her? Let him go back to his house, lest he die in the battle and another man take her.’ And the officers shall speak further to the people, and say, ‘Is there any man who is fearful and fainthearted? Let him go back to his house, lest he make the heart of his fellows melt like his own.’ And when the officers have finished speaking to the people, then commanders shall be appointed at the head of the people.</p> <p id="p05020010.01-1">“When you draw near to a city to fight against it, offer terms of peace to it. And if it responds to you peaceably and it opens to you, then all the people who are found in it shall do forced labor for you and shall serve you. But if it makes no peace with you, but makes war against you, then you shall besiege it. And when the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God gives it into your hand, you shall put all its males to the sword, but the women and the little ones, the livestock, and everything else in the city, all its spoil, you shall take as plunder for yourselves. And you shall enjoy the spoil of your enemies, which the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has given you. Thus you shall do to all the cities that are very far from you, which are not cities of the nations here. But in the cities of these peoples that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is giving you for an inheritance, you shall save alive nothing that breathes, but you shall devote them to complete destruction, the Hittites and the Amorites, the Canaanites and the Perizzites, the Hivites and the Jebusites, as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has commanded, that they may not teach you to do according to all their abominable practices that they have done for their gods, and so you sin against the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God.</p> <p id="p05020019.01-1">“When you besiege a city for a long time, making war against it in order to take it, you shall not destroy its trees by wielding an axe against them. You may eat from them, but you shall not cut them down. Are the trees in the field human, that they should be besieged by you? Only the trees that you know are not trees for food you may destroy and cut down, that you may build siegeworks against the city that makes war with you, until it falls.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 11:32-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58011032.01-2">And what more shall I say? For time would fail me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets— who through faith conquered kingdoms, enforced justice, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions, quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, were made strong out of weakness, became mighty in war, put foreign armies to flight.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 22:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02022002.01-1"> If a thief is found breaking in and is struck so that he dies, there shall be no bloodguilt for him,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:42-43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025042.01-1"><span class="woc">For I was hungry and you gave me no food, I was thirsty and you gave me no drink,</span> <span class="woc">I was a stranger and you did not welcome me, naked and you did not clothe me, sick and in prison and you did not visit me.’</span></p> </div><h5>James 2:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002015.01-2">If a brother or sister is poorly clothed and lacking in daily food, and one of you says to them, “Go in peace, be warmed and filled,” without giving them the things needed for the body, what good is that?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40005022.01-1"><span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment; whoever insults his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, ‘You fool!’ will be liable to the hell of fire.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003015.01-1">Everyone who hates his brother is a murderer, and you know that no murderer has eternal life abiding in him.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 19:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019017.01-2">“You shall not hate your brother in your heart, but you shall reason frankly with your neighbor, lest you incur sin because of him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 14:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20014030.01-1">A tranquil heart gives life to the flesh,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but envy makes the bones rot.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 12:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45012019.01-1">Beloved, never avenge yourselves, but leave it to the wrath of God, for it is written, “Vengeance is mine, I will repay, says the Lord.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004031.01-1">Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be put away from you, along with all malice.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006031.01-1"><span class="woc">Therefore do not be anxious, saying, ‘What shall we eat?’ or ‘What shall we drink?’ or ‘What shall we wear?’</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 6:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006034.01-2"><span class="woc">“Therefore do not be anxious about tomorrow, for tomorrow will be anxious for itself. Sufficient for the day is its own trouble.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 21:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42021034.03-1"><span class="woc">“But watch yourselves lest your hearts be weighed down with dissipation and drunkenness and cares of this life, and that day come upon you suddenly like a trap.</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 13:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45013013.01-2">Let us walk properly as in the daytime, not in orgies and drunkenness, not in sexual immorality and sensuality, not in quarreling and jealousy.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ecclesiastes 12:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21012012.01-1">My son, beware of anything beyond these. Of making many books there is no end, and much study is a weariness of the flesh.</p> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 2:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21002022.01-2">What has a man from all the toil and striving of heart with which he toils beneath the sun? For all his days are full of sorrow, and his work is a vexation. Even in the night his heart does not rest. This also is vanity.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23005012.01-1">They have lyre and harp,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>tambourine and flute and wine at their feasts,<br/> but they do not regard the deeds of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or see the work of his hands.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 15:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20015001.01-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v20015001-1">15:1 </span>A soft answer turns away wrath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but a harsh word stirs up anger.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 12:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20012018.01-2">There is one whose rash words are like sword thrusts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but the tongue of the wise brings healing.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02001014.01-1">and made their lives bitter with hard service, in mortar and brick, and in all kinds of work in the field. In all their work they ruthlessly made them work as slaves.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23003015.01-2">What do you mean by crushing my people,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>by grinding the face of the poor?”<br/> <span class="declares-line"></span> declares the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span> of hosts.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 5:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005015.01-1">But if you bite and devour one another, watch out that you are not consumed by one another.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 23:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20023029.01-2">Who has woe? Who has sorrow?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who has strife? Who has complaining?<br/> Who has wounds without cause?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who has redness of eyes?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc19"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Numbers 35:16-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p04035016.01-1">“But if he struck him down with an iron object, so that he died, he is a murderer. The murderer shall be put to death. And if he struck him down with a stone tool that could cause death, and he died, he is a murderer. The murderer shall be put to death. Or if he struck him down with a wooden tool that could cause death, and he died, he is a murderer. The murderer shall be put to death. The avenger of blood shall himself put the murderer to death; when he meets him, he shall put him to death. And if he pushed him out of hatred or hurled something at him, lying in wait, so that he died, or in enmity struck him down with his hand, so that he died, then he who struck the blow shall be put to death. He is a murderer. The avenger of blood shall put the murderer to death when he meets him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc20"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 21:18-36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02021018.01-1">“When men quarrel and one strikes the other with a stone or with his fist and the man does not die but takes to his bed, then if the man rises again and walks outdoors with his staff, he who struck him shall be clear; only he shall pay for the loss of his time, and shall have him thoroughly healed.</p> <p id="p02021020.01-1">“When a man strikes his slave, male or female, with a rod and the slave dies under his hand, he shall be avenged. But if the slave survives a day or two, he is not to be avenged, for the slave is his money.</p> <p id="p02021022.01-1">“When men strive together and hit a pregnant woman, so that her children come out, but there is no harm, the one who hit her shall surely be fined, as the woman's husband shall impose on him, and he shall pay as the judges determine. But if there is harm, then you shall pay life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, burn for burn, wound for wound, stripe for stripe.</p> <p id="p02021026.01-1">“When a man strikes the eye of his slave, male or female, and destroys it, he shall let the slave go free because of his eye. If he knocks out the tooth of his slave, male or female, he shall let the slave go free because of his tooth.</p> <p id="p02021028.01-1">“When an ox gores a man or a woman to death, the ox shall be stoned, and its flesh shall not be eaten, but the owner of the ox shall not be liable. But if the ox has been accustomed to gore in the past, and its owner has been warned but has not kept it in, and it kills a man or a woman, the ox shall be stoned, and its owner also shall be put to death. If a ransom is imposed on him, then he shall give for the redemption of his life whatever is imposed on him. If it gores a man's son or daughter, he shall be dealt with according to this same rule. If the ox gores a slave, male or female, the owner shall give to their master thirty shekels of silver, and the ox shall be stoned.</p> <p id="p02021033.04-1">“When a man opens a pit, or when a man digs a pit and does not cover it, and an ox or a donkey falls into it, the owner of the pit shall make restoration. He shall give money to its owner, and the dead beast shall be his.</p> <p id="p02021035.01-1">“When one man's ox butts another's, so that it dies, then they shall sell the live ox and share its price, and the dead beast also they shall share. Or if it is known that the ox has been accustomed to gore in the past, and its owner has not kept it in, he shall repay ox for ox, and the dead beast shall be his.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <title>WSC 68 + WLC 135 — What are the duties required in the sixth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/13</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 68.</span> What is required in the sixth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sixth commandment requireth all lawful endeavors to preserve our own life, and the life of others.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 135.</span> What are the duties required in the sixth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The duties required in the sixth commandment are, all careful studies, and lawful endeavors, to preserve the life of ourselves<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> and others<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> by resisting all thoughts and purposes,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> subduing all passions,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> and avoiding all occasions,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> temptations,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> and practices, which tend to the unjust taking away the life of any;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> by just defense thereof against violence,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup> patient bearing of the hand of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">10</sup> quietness of mind,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">11</sup> cheerfulness of spirit;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">12</sup> a sober use of meat,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">13</sup> drink,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">14</sup> physic,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">15</sup> sleep,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">16</sup> labor,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">17</sup> and recreations;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">18</sup> by charitable thoughts,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc18">19</sup> love,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc19">20</sup> compassion,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc20">21</sup> meekness, gentleness, kindness;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc21">22</sup> peaceable,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc22">23</sup> mild, and courteous speeches and behavior;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc23">24</sup> forbearance, readiness to be reconciled, patient bearing and forgiving of injuries, and requiting good for evil;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc24">25</sup> comforting and succoring the distressed, and protecting and defending the innocent.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc25">26</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 5:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005028.01-1">In the same way husbands should love their wives as their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself. For no one ever hated his own flesh, but nourishes and cherishes it, just as Christ does the church,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 5:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005028.01-1">In the same way husbands should love their wives as their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself. For no one ever hated his own flesh, but nourishes and cherishes it, just as Christ does the church,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Kings 18:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11018004.01-1">and when Jezebel cut off the prophets of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, Obadiah took a hundred prophets and hid them by fifties in a cave and fed them with bread and water.)  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 26:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24026015.01-1">Only know for certain that if you put me to death, you will bring innocent blood upon yourselves and upon this city and its inhabitants, for in truth the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> sent me to you to speak all these words in your ears.”</p> <p id="p24026016.05-1">Then the officials and all the people said to the priests and the prophets, “This man does not deserve the sentence of death, for he has spoken to us in the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God.”</p> </div><h5>Acts 23:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44023012.06-2">When it was day, the Jews made a plot and bound themselves by an oath neither to eat nor drink till they had killed Paul.</p> </div><h5>Acts 23:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44023016.01-3">Now the son of Paul's sister heard of their ambush, so he went and entered the barracks and told Paul. Paul called one of the centurions and said, “Take this young man to the tribune, for he has something to tell him.”</p> </div><h5>Acts 23:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44023021.01-4">But do not be persuaded by them, for more than forty of their men are lying in ambush for him, who have bound themselves by an oath neither to eat nor drink till they have killed him. And now they are ready, waiting for your consent.”</p> </div><h5>Acts 23:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44023027.01-5">This man was seized by the Jews and was about to be killed by them when I came upon them with the soldiers and rescued him, having learned that he was a Roman citizen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004026.01-1">Be angry and do not sin; do not let the sun go down on your anger, and give no opportunity to the devil.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Samuel 2:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10002022.01-1">And Abner said again to Asahel, “Turn aside from following me. Why should I strike you to the ground? How then could I lift up my face to your brother Joab?” But he refused to turn aside. Therefore Abner struck him in the stomach with the butt of his spear, so that the spear came out at his back. And he fell there and died where he was. And all who came to the place where Asahel had fallen and died, stood still.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 22:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05022008.01-2">“When you build a new house, you shall make a parapet for your roof, that you may not bring the guilt of blood upon your house, if anyone should fall from it.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 4:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40004006.01-1">and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down, for it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40004006.19-1">“‘He will command his angels concerning you,’</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p40004006.26-1">and</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40004006.27-1">“‘On their hands they will bear you up,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>lest you strike your foot against a stone.’”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p40004007.01-1">Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Again it is written, ‘You shall not put the Lord your God to the test.’”</span></p> </div><h5>Proverbs 1:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20001010.01-2">My son, if sinners entice you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>do not consent.<br/>  If they say, “Come with us, let us lie in wait for blood;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let us ambush the innocent without reason;</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 1:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20001015.01-3">my son, do not walk in the way with them;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>hold back your foot from their paths,<br/>  for their feet run to evil,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and they make haste to shed blood.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 37:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01037021.01-1">But when Reuben heard it, he rescued him out of their hands, saying, “Let us not take his life.” And Reuben said to them, “Shed no blood; throw him into this pit here in the wilderness, but do not lay a hand on him”—that he might rescue him out of their hand to restore him to his father.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 24:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09024012.01-2">May the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> judge between me and you, may the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> avenge me against you, but my hand shall not be against you.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 26:9-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09026009.01-3">But David said to Abishai, “Do not destroy him, for who can put out his hand against the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s anointed and be guiltless?” And David said, “As the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> lives, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will strike him, or his day will come to die, or he will go down into battle and perish. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> forbid that I should put out my hand against the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s anointed. But take now the spear that is at his head and the jar of water, and let us go.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 82:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19082004.01-1">Rescue the weak and the needy;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>deliver them from the hand of the wicked.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 24:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20024011.01-2">Rescue those who are being taken away to death;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>hold back those who are stumbling to the slaughter.<br/>  If you say, “Behold, we did not know this,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>does not he who weighs the heart perceive it?<br/> Does not he who keeps watch over your soul know it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and will he not repay man according to his work?</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Samuel 14:45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09014045.01-3">Then the people said to Saul, “Shall Jonathan die, who has worked this great salvation in Israel? Far from it! As the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> lives, there shall not one hair of his head fall to the ground, for he has worked with God this day.” So the people ransomed Jonathan, so that he did not die.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 38:7-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p24038007.06-4">When Ebed-melech the Ethiopian, a eunuch who was in the king's house, heard that they had put Jeremiah into the cistern—the king was sitting in the Benjamin Gate— Ebed-melech went from the king's house and said to the king, “My lord the king, these men have done evil in all that they did to Jeremiah the prophet by casting him into the cistern, and he will die there of hunger, for there is no bread left in the city.” Then the king commanded Ebed-melech the Ethiopian, “Take thirty men with you from here, and lift Jeremiah the prophet out of the cistern before he dies.” So Ebed-melech took the men with him and went to the house of the king, to a wardrobe in the storehouse, and took from there old rags and worn-out clothes, which he let down to Jeremiah in the cistern by ropes. Then Ebed-melech the Ethiopian said to Jeremiah, “Put the rags and clothes between your armpits and the ropes.” Jeremiah did so. Then they drew Jeremiah up with ropes and lifted him out of the cistern. And Jeremiah remained in the court of the guard.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 5:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59005010.01-1">As an example of suffering and patience, brothers, take the prophets who spoke in the name of the Lord. Behold, we consider those blessed who remained steadfast. You have heard of the steadfastness of Job, and you have seen the purpose of the Lord, how the Lord is compassionate and merciful.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 12:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012009.01-2">Besides this, we have had earthly fathers who disciplined us and we respected them. Shall we not much more be subject to the Father of spirits and live?</p> </div><h5>2 Samuel 16:10-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10016010.01-3">But the king said, “What have I to do with you, you sons of Zeruiah? If he is cursing because the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has said to him, ‘Curse David,’ who then shall say, ‘Why have you done so?’” And David said to Abishai and to all his servants, “Behold, my own son seeks my life; how much more now may this Benjaminite! Leave him alone, and let him curse, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has told him to. It may be that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will look on the wrong done to me, and that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will repay me with good for his cursing today.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004011.01-1">and to aspire to live quietly, and to mind your own affairs, and to work with your hands, as we instructed you,</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 3:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60003003.01-2">Do not let your adorning be external—the braiding of hair and the putting on of gold jewelry, or the clothing you wear— but let your adorning be the hidden person of the heart with the imperishable beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which in God's sight is very precious.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 37:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19037008.01-3">Refrain from anger, and forsake wrath!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Fret not yourself; it tends only to evil.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 37:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19037011.01-4">But the meek shall inherit the land<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and delight themselves in abundant peace.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 17:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20017022.01-1">A joyful heart is good medicine,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but a crushed spirit dries up the bones.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 23:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20023020.01-1">Be not among drunkards<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or among gluttonous eaters of meat,</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 25:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20025016.01-2">If you have found honey, eat only enough for you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>lest you have your fill of it and vomit it.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 25:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20025027.01-3">It is not good to eat much honey,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor is it glorious to seek one's own glory.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54005023.01-1">(No longer drink only water, but use a little wine for the sake of your stomach and your frequent ailments.)  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 38:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p23038021.01-1">Now Isaiah had said, “Let them take a cake of figs and apply it to the boil, that he may recover.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 127:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19127002.01-1">It is in vain that you rise up early<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and go late to rest,<br/> eating the bread of anxious toil;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he gives to his beloved sleep.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Thessalonians 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53003012.01-1">Now such persons we command and encourage in the Lord Jesus Christ to do their work quietly and to earn their own living.</p> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21005012.01-2">Sweet is the sleep of a laborer, whether he eats little or much, but the full stomach of the rich will not let him sleep.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ecclesiastes 3:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p21003004.01-1">a time to weep, and a time to laugh;<br/> a time to mourn, and a time to dance;</p> </div> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 3:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21003011.01-2">He has made everything beautiful in its time. Also, he has put eternity into man's heart, yet so that he cannot find out what God has done from the beginning to the end.</p> </div><h5>Mark 6:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41006031.01-3">And he said to them, <span class="woc">“Come away by yourselves to a desolate place and rest a while.”</span> For many were coming and going, and they had no leisure even to eat.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 19:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09019004.01-1">And Jonathan spoke well of David to Saul his father and said to him, “Let not the king sin against his servant David, because he has not sinned against you, and because his deeds have brought good to you. For he took his life in his hand and he struck down the Philistine, and the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> worked a great salvation for all Israel. You saw it, and rejoiced. Why then will you sin against innocent blood by killing David without cause?”</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 22:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09022013.01-2">And Saul said to him, “Why have you conspired against me, you and the son of Jesse, in that you have given him bread and a sword and have inquired of God for him, so that he has risen against me, to lie in wait, as at this day?” Then Ahimelech answered the king, “And who among all your servants is so faithful as David, who is the king's son-in-law, and captain over your bodyguard, and honored in your house?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc19"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 13:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45013010.01-1">Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc20"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 10:33-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42010033.01-1"><span class="woc">But a Samaritan, as he journeyed, came to where he was, and when he saw him, he had compassion.</span> <span class="woc">He went to him and bound up his wounds, pouring on oil and wine. Then he set him on his own animal and brought him to an inn and took care of him.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc21"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 3:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003012.01-1">Put on then, as God's chosen ones, holy and beloved, compassionate hearts, kindness, humility, meekness, and patience, bearing with one another and, if one has a complaint against another, forgiving each other; as the Lord has forgiven you, so you also must forgive.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc22"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59003017.01-1">But the wisdom from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, open to reason, full of mercy and good fruits, impartial and sincere.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc23"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 3:8-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p60003008.05-1">Finally, all of you, have unity of mind, sympathy, brotherly love, a tender heart, and a humble mind. Do not repay evil for evil or reviling for reviling, but on the contrary, bless, for to this you were called, that you may obtain a blessing. For</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p60003010.02-1">“Whoever desires to love life<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and see good days,<br/> let him keep his tongue from evil<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his lips from speaking deceit;<br/>  let him turn away from evil and do good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let him seek peace and pursue it.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 4:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46004012.01-2">and we labor, working with our own hands. When reviled, we bless; when persecuted, we endure; when slandered, we entreat. We have become, and are still, like the scum of the world, the refuse of all things.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 15:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20015001.01-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v20015001-3">15:1 </span>A soft answer turns away wrath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but a harsh word stirs up anger.</p> </div> </div><h5>Judges 8:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p07008001.06-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v07008001-4">8:1 </span>Then the men of Ephraim said to him, “What is this that you have done to us, not to call us when you went to fight against Midian?” And they accused him fiercely. And he said to them, “What have I done now in comparison with you? Is not the gleaning of the grapes of Ephraim better than the grape harvest of Abiezer? God has given into your hands the princes of Midian, Oreb and Zeeb. What have I been able to do in comparison with you?” Then their anger against him subsided when he said this.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc24"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40005024.01-1"><span class="woc">leave your gift there before the altar and go. First be reconciled to your brother, and then come and offer your gift.</span></p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004002.01-2">with all humility and gentleness, with patience, bearing with one another in love,</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004032.01-3">Be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, as God in Christ forgave you.</p> </div><h5>Romans 12:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45012017.01-4">Repay no one evil for evil, but give thought to do what is honorable in the sight of all.</p> </div><h5>Romans 12:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45012020.01-5">To the contrary, “if your enemy is hungry, feed him; if he is thirsty, give him something to drink; for by so doing you will heap burning coals on his head.” Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc25"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52005014.01-1">And we urge you, brothers, admonish the idle, encourage the fainthearted, help the weak, be patient with them all.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 25:35-36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025035.01-2"><span class="woc">For I was hungry and you gave me food, I was thirsty and you gave me drink, I was a stranger and you welcomed me,</span> <span class="woc">I was naked and you clothed me, I was sick and you visited me, I was in prison and you came to me.’</span></p> </div><h5>Proverbs 31:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20031008.01-3">Open your mouth for the mute,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the rights of all who are destitute.<br/>  Open your mouth, judge righteously,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>defend the rights of the poor and needy.</p> </div> </div><h5>Job 31:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18031019.01-4">if I have seen anyone perish for lack of clothing,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or the needy without covering,<br/>  if his body has not blessed me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and if he was not warmed with the fleece of my sheep,</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 58:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23058007.01-5">Is it not to share your bread with the hungry<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and bring the homeless poor into your house;<br/> when you see the naked, to cover him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and not to hide yourself from your own flesh?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 13 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 67 + WLC 134 — Which is the sixth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/12</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 67.</span> Which is the sixth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sixth commandment is, Thou shalt not kill.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 134.</span> Which is the sixth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sixth commandment is, Thou shalt not kill.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020013.01-1">“You shall not murder.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005017.01-2">“‘You shall not murder.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020013.01-1">“You shall not murder.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005017.01-2">“‘You shall not murder.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 66 + WLC 133 — What is the reason annexed to the fifth commandment, the more to enforce it?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/11</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 66.</span> What is the reason annexed to the fifth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The reason annexed to the fifth commandment is, a promise of long life and prosperity (as far as it shall serve for God's glory and their own good) to all such as keep this commandment.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 133.</span> What is the reason annexed to the fifth commandment, the more to enforce it?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The reason annexed to the fifth commandment, in these words, That thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> is an express promise of long life and prosperity, as far as it shall serve for God's glory and their own good, to all such as keep this commandment.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020012.01-1">“Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is giving you.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005016.01-2">“‘Honor your father and your mother, as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God commanded you, that your days may be long, and that it may go well with you in the land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is giving you.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 6:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006002.01-3">“Honor your father and mother” (this is the first commandment with a promise), “that it may go well with you and that you may live long in the land.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020012.01-1">“Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is giving you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 6:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006002.01-1">“Honor your father and mother” (this is the first commandment with a promise), “that it may go well with you and that you may live long in the land.”</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005016.01-2">“‘Honor your father and your mother, as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God commanded you, that your days may be long, and that it may go well with you in the land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is giving you.</p> </div><h5>1 Kings 8:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11008025.01-3">Now therefore, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, God of Israel, keep for your servant David my father what you have promised him, saying, ‘You shall not lack a man to sit before me on the throne of Israel, if only your sons pay close attention to their way, to walk before me as you have walked before me.’  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 11 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 132 — What are the sins of equals?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/10</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 132.</span> What are the sins of equals?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sins of equals are, besides the neglect of the duties required,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> the undervaluing of the worth,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> envying the gifts,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> grieving at the advancement of prosperity one of another;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> and usurping preeminence one over another.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 13:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45013008.06-1">Owe no one anything, except to love each other, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 3:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003003.01-1">heartless, unappeasable, slanderous, without self-control, brutal, not loving good,</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 14:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20014021.01-2">Whoever despises his neighbor is a sinner,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but blessed is he who is generous to the poor.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 65:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23065005.01-3">who say, “Keep to yourself,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>do not come near me, for I am too holy for you.”<br/> These are a smoke in my nostrils,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a fire that burns all the day.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 7:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44007009.01-1">“And the patriarchs, jealous of Joseph, sold him into Egypt; but God was with him</p> </div><h5>Galatians 5:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005026.01-2">Let us not become conceited, provoking one another, envying one another.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Numbers 12:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p04012002.01-1">And they said, “Has the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> indeed spoken only through Moses? Has he not spoken through us also?” And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> heard it.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>3 John 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p64001009.01-1">I have written something to the church, but Diotrephes, who likes to put himself first, does not acknowledge our authority.</p> </div><h5>Luke 22:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42022024.05-2">A dispute also arose among them, as to which of them was to be regarded as the greatest.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 131 — What are the duties of equals?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/09</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 131.</span> What are the duties of equals?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The duties of equals are, to regard the dignity and worth of each other,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> in giving honor to go one before another;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and to rejoice in each other's gifts and advancement, as their own.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002017.01-1">Honor everyone. Love the brotherhood. Fear God. Honor the emperor.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 12:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45012010.01-1">Love one another with brotherly affection. Outdo one another in showing honor.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002003.01-2">Do nothing from rivalry or conceit, but in humility count others more significant than yourselves.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 12:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45012015.01-1">Rejoice with those who rejoice, weep with those who weep. Live in harmony with one another. Do not be haughty, but associate with the lowly. Never be wise in your own sight.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002003.01-2">Do nothing from rivalry or conceit, but in humility count others more significant than yourselves.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 09 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 130 — What are the sins of superiors?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/08</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 130.</span> What are the sins of superiors?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sins of superiors are, besides the neglect of the duties required of them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> an inordinate seeking of themselves,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> their own glory,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> ease, profit, or pleasure;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> commanding things unlawful,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> or not in the power of inferiors to perform;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> counseling,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> encouraging,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> or favoring them in that which is evil;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup> dissuading, discouraging, or discountenancing them in that which is good;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">10</sup> correcting them unduly;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">11</sup> careless exposing, or leaving them to wrong, temptation, and danger;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">12</sup> provoking them to wrath;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">13</sup> or anyway dishonoring themselves, or lessening their authority, by an unjust, indiscreet, rigorous, or remiss behavior.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">14</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 34:2-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26034002.01-1">“Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds of Israel; prophesy, and say to them, even to the shepherds, Thus says the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>: Ah, shepherds of Israel who have been feeding yourselves! Should not shepherds feed the sheep? You eat the fat, you clothe yourselves with the wool, you slaughter the fat ones, but you do not feed the sheep. The weak you have not strengthened, the sick you have not healed, the injured you have not bound up, the strayed you have not brought back, the lost you have not sought, and with force and harshness you have ruled them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 2:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002021.01-1">For they all seek their own interests, not those of Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 5:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43005044.01-1"><span class="woc">How can you believe, when you receive glory from one another and do not seek the glory that comes from the only God?</span></p> </div><h5>John 7:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43007018.01-2"><span class="woc">The one who speaks on his own authority seeks his own glory; but the one who seeks the glory of him who sent him is true, and in him there is no falsehood.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 56:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23056010.01-1">His watchmen are blind;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they are all without knowledge;<br/> they are all silent dogs;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they cannot bark,<br/> dreaming, lying down,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>loving to slumber.<br/>  The dogs have a mighty appetite;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they never have enough.<br/> But they are shepherds who have no understanding;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they have all turned to their own way,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>each to his own gain, one and all.</p> </div> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 17:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05017017.01-2">And he shall not acquire many wives for himself, lest his heart turn away, nor shall he acquire for himself excessive silver and gold.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 4:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44004017.01-1">But in order that it may spread no further among the people, let us warn them to speak no more to anyone in this name.” So they called them and charged them not to speak or teach at all in the name of Jesus.</p> </div><h5>Daniel 3:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27003004.01-2">And the herald proclaimed aloud, “You are commanded, O peoples, nations, and languages, that when you hear the sound of the horn, pipe, lyre, trigon, harp, bagpipe, and every kind of music, you are to fall down and worship the golden image that King Nebuchadnezzar has set up. And whoever does not fall down and worship shall immediately be cast into a burning fiery furnace.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 5:10-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02005010.01-1">So the taskmasters and the foremen of the people went out and said to the people, “Thus says Pharaoh, ‘I will not give you straw. Go and get your straw yourselves wherever you can find it, but your work will not be reduced in the least.’” So the people were scattered throughout all the land of Egypt to gather stubble for straw. The taskmasters were urgent, saying, “Complete your work, your daily task each day, as when there was straw.” And the foremen of the people of Israel, whom Pharaoh's taskmasters had set over them, were beaten and were asked, “Why have you not done all your task of making bricks today and yesterday, as in the past?”</p> <p id="p02005015.01-1">Then the foremen of the people of Israel came and cried to Pharaoh, “Why do you treat your servants like this? No straw is given to your servants, yet they say to us, ‘Make bricks!’ And behold, your servants are beaten; but the fault is in your own people.” But he said, “You are idle, you are idle; that is why you say, ‘Let us go and sacrifice to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.’ Go now and work. No straw will be given you, but you must still deliver the same number of bricks.” The foremen of the people of Israel saw that they were in trouble when they said, “You shall by no means reduce your number of bricks, your daily task each day.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 23:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40023002.01-2"><span class="woc">“The scribes and the Pharisees sit on Moses' seat,</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 23:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40023004.01-3"><span class="woc">They tie up heavy burdens, hard to bear, and lay them on people's shoulders, but they themselves are not willing to move them with their finger.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 14:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40014008.01-1">Prompted by her mother, she said, “Give me the head of John the Baptist here on a platter.”</p> </div><h5>Mark 6:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41006024.01-2">And she went out and said to her mother, “For what should I ask?” And she said, “The head of John the Baptist.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Samuel 13:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10013028.01-1">Then Absalom commanded his servants, “Mark when Amnon's heart is merry with wine, and when I say to you, ‘Strike Amnon,’ then kill him. Do not fear; have I not commanded you? Be courageous and be valiant.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 6:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24006013.01-1">“For from the least to the greatest of them,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>everyone is greedy for unjust gain;<br/> and from prophet to priest,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>everyone deals falsely.<br/>  They have healed the wound of my people lightly,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>saying, ‘Peace, peace,’<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when there is no peace.</p> </div> </div><h5>Judges 20:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p07020013.01-2">Now therefore give up the men, the worthless fellows in Gibeah, that we may put them to death and purge evil from Israel.” But the Benjaminites would not listen to the voice of their brothers, the people of Israel. Then the people of Benjamin came together out of the cities to Gibeah to go out to battle against the people of Israel.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 7:46-49</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43007046.01-1">The officers answered, “No one ever spoke like this man!” The Pharisees answered them, “Have you also been deceived? Have any of the authorities or the Pharisees believed in him? But this crowd that does not know the law is accursed.”</p> </div><h5>Exodus 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02005017.01-2">But he said, “You are idle, you are idle; that is why you say, ‘Let us go and sacrifice to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.’</p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003021.01-3">Fathers, do not provoke your children, lest they become discouraged.</p> </div><h5>John 9:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43009028.01-4">And they reviled him, saying, “You are his disciple, but we are disciples of Moses.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 2:18-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002018.01-1">Servants, be subject to your masters with all respect, not only to the good and gentle but also to the unjust. For this is a gracious thing, when, mindful of God, one endures sorrows while suffering unjustly. For what credit is it if, when you sin and are beaten for it, you endure? But if when you do good and suffer for it you endure, this is a gracious thing in the sight of God.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 25:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05025003.01-2">Forty stripes may be given him, but not more, lest, if one should go on to beat him with more stripes than these, your brother be degraded in your sight.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 38:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01038011.01-1">Then Judah said to Tamar his daughter-in-law, “Remain a widow in your father's house, till Shelah my son grows up”—for he feared that he would die, like his brothers. So Tamar went and remained in her father's house.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 38:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01038026.01-2">Then Judah identified them and said, “She is more righteous than I, since I did not give her to my son Shelah.” And he did not know her again.</p> </div><h5>Acts 18:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44018017.01-3">And they all seized Sosthenes, the ruler of the synagogue, and beat him in front of the tribunal. But Gallio paid no attention to any of this.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 23:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p09023015.04-4">David saw that Saul had come out to seek his life. David was in the wilderness of Ziph at Horesh. And Jonathan, Saul's son, rose and went to David at Horesh, and strengthened his hand in God. And he said to him, “Do not fear, for the hand of Saul my father shall not find you. You shall be king over Israel, and I shall be next to you. Saul my father also knows this.”</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 19:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019029.01-5">“Do not profane your daughter by making her a prostitute, lest the land fall into prostitution and the land become full of depravity.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 58:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23058007.01-6">Is it not to share your bread with the hungry<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and bring the homeless poor into your house;<br/> when you see the naked, to cover him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and not to hide yourself from your own flesh?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 6:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006004.01-1">Fathers, do not provoke your children to anger, but bring them up in the discipline and instruction of the Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 9:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01009021.01-1">He drank of the wine and became drunk and lay uncovered in his tent.</p> </div><h5>1 Kings 12:13-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11012013.01-2">And the king answered the people harshly, and forsaking the counsel that the old men had given him, he spoke to them according to the counsel of the young men, saying, “My father made your yoke heavy, but I will add to your yoke. My father disciplined you with whips, but I will discipline you with scorpions.” So the king did not listen to the people, for it was a turn of affairs brought about by the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> that he might fulfill his word, which the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke by Ahijah the Shilonite to Jeroboam the son of Nebat.</p> <p id="p11012016.04-2">And when all Israel saw that the king did not listen to them, the people answered the king, “What portion do we have in David? We have no inheritance in the son of Jesse. To your tents, O Israel! Look now to your own house, David.” So Israel went to their tents.</p> </div><h5>1 Kings 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11001006.01-3">His father had never at any time displeased him by asking, “Why have you done thus and so?” He was also a very handsome man, and he was born next after Absalom.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 2:29-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09002029.01-4">Why then do you scorn my sacrifices and my offerings that I commanded, and honor your sons above me by fattening yourselves on the choicest parts of every offering of my people Israel?’ Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel, declares: ‘I promised that your house and the house of your father should go in and out before me forever,’ but now the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> declares: ‘Far be it from me, for those who honor me I will honor, and those who despise me shall be lightly esteemed. Behold, the days are coming when I will cut off your strength and the strength of your father's house, so that there will not be an old man in your house.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09003013.01-5">And I declare to him that I am about to punish his house forever, for the iniquity that he knew, because his sons were blaspheming God, and he did not restrain them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 08 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>WLC 129 — What is required of superiors towards their inferiors?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/07</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 129.</span> What is required of superiors towards their inferiors?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> It is required of superiors, according to that power they receive from God, and that relation wherein they stand, to love,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> pray for,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and bless their inferiors;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> to instruct,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> counsel, and admonish them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> countenancing,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> commending,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> and rewarding such as do well;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> and discountenancing,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup> reproving, and chastising such as do ill;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">10</sup> protecting,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">11</sup> and providing for them all things necessary for soul<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">12</sup> and body:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">13</sup> and by grave, wise, holy, and exemplary carriage, to procure glory to God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">14</sup> honor to themselves,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">15</sup> and so to preserve that authority which God hath put upon them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">16</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 3:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003019.01-1">Husbands, love your wives, and do not be harsh with them.</p> </div><h5>Titus 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56002004.01-2">and so train the young women to love their husbands and children,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 12:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09012023.01-1">Moreover, as for me, far be it from me that I should sin against the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> by ceasing to pray for you, and I will instruct you in the good and the right way.</p> </div><h5>Job 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p18001005.01-2">And when the days of the feast had run their course, Job would send and consecrate them, and he would rise early in the morning and offer burnt offerings according to the number of them all. For Job said, “It may be that my children have sinned, and cursed God in their hearts.” Thus Job did continually.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Kings 8:55-56</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11008055.01-1">And he stood and blessed all the assembly of Israel with a loud voice, saying, “Blessed be the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> who has given rest to his people Israel, according to all that he promised. Not one word has failed of all his good promise, which he spoke by Moses his servant.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 7:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007007.01-2">It is beyond dispute that the inferior is blessed by the superior.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 49:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p01049028.05-3">All these are the twelve tribes of Israel. This is what their father said to them as he blessed them, blessing each with the blessing suitable to him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 6:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05006006.01-1">And these words that I command you today shall be on your heart. You shall teach them diligently to your children, and shall talk of them when you sit in your house, and when you walk by the way, and when you lie down, and when you rise.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 6:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006004.01-1">Fathers, do not provoke your children to anger, but bring them up in the discipline and instruction of the Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 3:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60003007.01-1">Likewise, husbands, live with your wives in an understanding way, showing honor to the woman as the weaker vessel, since they are heirs with you of the grace of life, so that your prayers may not be hindered.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002014.01-1">or to governors as sent by him to punish those who do evil and to praise those who do good.</p> </div><h5>Romans 13:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45013003.01-2">For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Would you have no fear of the one who is in authority? Then do what is good, and you will receive his approval,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Esther 6:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p17006003.01-1">And the king said, “What honor or distinction has been bestowed on Mordecai for this?” The king's young men who attended him said, “Nothing has been done for him.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 13:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45013003.01-1">For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Would you have no fear of the one who is in authority? Then do what is good, and you will receive his approval, for he is God's servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain. For he is the servant of God, an avenger who carries out God's wrath on the wrongdoer.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 29:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20029015.01-1">The rod and reproof give wisdom,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but a child left to himself brings shame to his mother.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Peter 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002014.01-2">or to governors as sent by him to punish those who do evil and to praise those who do good.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23001010.01-1">Hear the word of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you rulers of Sodom!<br/> Give ear to the teaching of our God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you people of Gomorrah!</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 1:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23001017.01-2"><span class="indent"></span>learn to do good;<br/> seek justice,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>correct oppression;<br/> bring justice to the fatherless,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>plead the widow's cause.</p> </div> </div><h5>Job 29:12-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18029012.01-3">because I delivered the poor who cried for help,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the fatherless who had none to help him.<br/>  The blessing of him who was about to perish came upon me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I caused the widow's heart to sing for joy.<br/>  I put on righteousness, and it clothed me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my justice was like a robe and a turban.<br/>  I was eyes to the blind<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and feet to the lame.<br/>  I was a father to the needy,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I searched out the cause of him whom I did not know.<br/>  I broke the fangs of the unrighteous<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and made him drop his prey from his teeth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 6:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006004.01-1">Fathers, do not provoke your children to anger, but bring them up in the discipline and instruction of the Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 5:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54005008.01-1">But if anyone does not provide for his relatives, and especially for members of his household, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54004012.01-1">Let no one despise you for your youth, but set the believers an example in speech, in conduct, in love, in faith, in purity.</p> </div><h5>Titus 2:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56002003.01-2">Older women likewise are to be reverent in behavior, not slanderers or slaves to much wine. They are to teach what is good, and so train the young women to love their husbands and children, to be self-controlled, pure, working at home, kind, and submissive to their own husbands, that the word of God may not be reviled.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Kings 3:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11003028.01-1">And all Israel heard of the judgment that the king had rendered, and they stood in awe of the king, because they perceived that the wisdom of God was in him to do justice.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 2:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56002015.01-1">Declare these things; exhort and rebuke with all authority. Let no one disregard you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 07 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 65 + WLC 128 — What are the sins of inferiors against their superiors?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/06</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 65.</span> What is forbidden in the fifth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The fifth commandment forbiddeth the neglecting of, or doing anything against, the honor and duty which belongeth to everyone in their several places and relations.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 128.</span> What are the sins of inferiors against their superiors?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sins of inferiors against their superiors are, all neglect of the duties required toward them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> envying at,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> contempt of,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> and rebellion<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> against, their persons<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> and places,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> in their lawful counsels,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> commands, and corrections;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup> cursing, mocking,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">10</sup> and all such refractory and scandalous carriage, as proves a shame and dishonor to them and their government.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">11</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 15:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40015004.01-1"><span class="woc">For God commanded, ‘Honor your father and your mother,’ and, ‘Whoever reviles father or mother must surely die.’</span> <span class="woc">But you say, ‘If anyone tells his father or his mother, “What you would have gained from me is given to God,”</span> <span class="woc">he need not honor his father.’</span> <span class="woc">So for the sake of your tradition you have made void the word of God.</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 13:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45013008.06-2">Owe no one anything, except to love each other, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 15:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40015004.01-1"><span class="woc">For God commanded, ‘Honor your father and your mother,’ and, ‘Whoever reviles father or mother must surely die.’</span> <span class="woc">But you say, ‘If anyone tells his father or his mother, “What you would have gained from me is given to God,”</span> <span class="woc">he need not honor his father.’</span> <span class="woc">So for the sake of your tradition you have made void the word of God.</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 13:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45013008.06-2">Owe no one anything, except to love each other, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Numbers 11:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p04011028.01-1">And Joshua the son of Nun, the assistant of Moses from his youth, said, “My lord Moses, stop them.” But Moses said to him, “Are you jealous for my sake? Would that all the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s people were prophets, that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> would put his Spirit on them!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 8:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09008007.01-1">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Samuel, “Obey the voice of the people in all that they say to you, for they have not rejected you, but they have rejected me from being king over them.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23003005.01-2">And the people will oppress one another,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>every one his fellow<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and every one his neighbor;<br/> the youth will be insolent to the elder,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the despised to the honorable.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Samuel 15:1-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p10015001.03-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v10015001-1">15:1 </span>After this Absalom got himself a chariot and horses, and fifty men to run before him. And Absalom used to rise early and stand beside the way of the gate. And when any man had a dispute to come before the king for judgment, Absalom would call to him and say, “From what city are you?” And when he said, “Your servant is of such and such a tribe in Israel,” Absalom would say to him, “See, your claims are good and right, but there is no man designated by the king to hear you.” Then Absalom would say, “Oh that I were judge in the land! Then every man with a dispute or cause might come to me, and I would give him justice.” And whenever a man came near to pay homage to him, he would put out his hand and take hold of him and kiss him. Thus Absalom did to all of Israel who came to the king for judgment. So Absalom stole the hearts of the men of Israel.</p> <p id="p10015007.01-1">And at the end of four years Absalom said to the king, “Please let me go and pay my vow, which I have vowed to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, in Hebron. For your servant vowed a vow while I lived at Geshur in Aram, saying, ‘If the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will indeed bring me back to Jerusalem, then I will offer worship to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.’” The king said to him, “Go in peace.” So he arose and went to Hebron. But Absalom sent secret messengers throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying, “As soon as you hear the sound of the trumpet, then say, ‘Absalom is king at Hebron!’” With Absalom went two hundred men from Jerusalem who were invited guests, and they went in their innocence and knew nothing. And while Absalom was offering the sacrifices, he sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, David's counselor, from his city Giloh. And the conspiracy grew strong, and the people with Absalom kept increasing.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 21:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02021015.01-1">“Whoever strikes his father or his mother shall be put to death.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 10:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09010027.01-1">But some worthless fellows said, “How can this man save us?” And they despised him and brought him no present. But he held his peace.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 2:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09002025.01-1">If someone sins against a man, God will mediate for him, but if someone sins against the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, who can intercede for him?” But they would not listen to the voice of their father, for it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to put them to death.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 21:18-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05021018.04-1">“If a man has a stubborn and rebellious son who will not obey the voice of his father or the voice of his mother, and, though they discipline him, will not listen to them, then his father and his mother shall take hold of him and bring him out to the elders of his city at the gate of the place where he lives, and they shall say to the elders of his city, ‘This our son is stubborn and rebellious; he will not obey our voice; he is a glutton and a drunkard.’ Then all the men of the city shall stone him to death with stones. So you shall purge the evil from your midst, and all Israel shall hear, and fear.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 30:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20030011.01-1">There are those who curse their fathers<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not bless their mothers.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 30:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20030017.01-2">The eye that mocks a father<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and scorns to obey a mother<br/> will be picked out by the ravens of the valley<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and eaten by the vultures.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 19:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20019026.01-1">He who does violence to his father and chases away his mother<br/> <span class="indent"></span>is a son who brings shame and reproach.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 06 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 127 — What is the honor that inferiors owe to their superiors?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/05</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 127.</span> What is the honor that inferiors owe to their superiors?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The honor which inferiors owe to their superiors is, all due reverence in heart,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> word,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and behavior;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> prayer and thanksgiving for them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> imitation of their virtues and graces;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> willing obedience to their lawful commands and counsels;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> due submission to their corrections;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> fidelity to,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> defense,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup> and maintenance of their persons and authority, according to their several ranks, and the nature of their places;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">10</sup> bearing with their infirmities, and covering them in love,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">11</sup> that so they may be an honor to them and to their government.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">12</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Malachi 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p39001006.05-1">“A son honors his father, and a servant his master. If then I am a father, where is my honor? And if I am a master, where is my fear? says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts to you, O priests, who despise my name. But you say, ‘How have we despised your name?’</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 19:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019003.01-2">Every one of you shall revere his mother and his father, and you shall keep my Sabbaths: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 31:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20031028.01-1">Her children rise up and call her blessed;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>her husband also, and he praises her:</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Peter 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60003006.01-2">as Sarah obeyed Abraham, calling him lord. And you are her children, if you do good and do not fear anything that is frightening.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 19:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019032.01-1">“You shall stand up before the gray head and honor the face of an old man, and you shall fear your God: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div><h5>1 Kings 2:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11002019.01-2">So Bathsheba went to King Solomon to speak to him on behalf of Adonijah. And the king rose to meet her and bowed down to her. Then he sat on his throne and had a seat brought for the king's mother, and she sat on his right.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 2:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p54002001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v54002001-1">2:1 </span>First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people, for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 13:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58013007.01-1">Remember your leaders, those who spoke to you the word of God. Consider the outcome of their way of life, and imitate their faith.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50003017.01-2">Brothers, join in imitating me, and keep your eyes on those who walk according to the example you have in us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 6:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49006001.04-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v49006001-1">6:1 </span>Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right. “Honor your father and mother” (this is the first commandment with a promise),</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 6:5-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49006005.04-2">Slaves, obey your earthly masters with fear and trembling, with a sincere heart, as you would Christ, not by the way of eye-service, as people-pleasers, but as servants of Christ, doing the will of God from the heart, rendering service with a good will as to the Lord and not to man,</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 2:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p60002013.04-3">Be subject for the Lord's sake to every human institution, whether it be to the emperor as supreme, or to governors as sent by him to punish those who do evil and to praise those who do good.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 13:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58013017.01-4">Obey your leaders and submit to them, for they are keeping watch over your souls, as those who will have to give an account. Let them do this with joy and not with groaning, for that would be of no advantage to you.</p> </div><h5>Romans 13:1-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45013001.05-5"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45013001-5">13:1 </span>Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God. Therefore whoever resists the authorities resists what God has appointed, and those who resist will incur judgment. For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Would you have no fear of the one who is in authority? Then do what is good, and you will receive his approval, for he is God's servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain. For he is the servant of God, an avenger who carries out God's wrath on the wrongdoer. Therefore one must be in subjection, not only to avoid God's wrath but also for the sake of conscience.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 4:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20004003.01-6">When I was a son with my father,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>tender, the only one in the sight of my mother,<br/>  he taught me and said to me,<br/> “Let your heart hold fast my words;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>keep my commandments, and live.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 23:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20023022.01-7">Listen to your father who gave you life,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not despise your mother when she is old.</p> </div> </div><h5>Exodus 18:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02018019.01-8">Now obey my voice; I will give you advice, and God be with you! You shall represent the people before God and bring their cases to God,</p> </div><h5>Exodus 18:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02018024.01-9">So Moses listened to the voice of his father-in-law and did all that he had said.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 12:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012009.01-1">Besides this, we have had earthly fathers who disciplined us and we respected them. Shall we not much more be subject to the Father of spirits and live?</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 2:18-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002018.01-2">Servants, be subject to your masters with all respect, not only to the good and gentle but also to the unjust. For this is a gracious thing, when, mindful of God, one endures sorrows while suffering unjustly. For what credit is it if, when you sin and are beaten for it, you endure? But if when you do good and suffer for it you endure, this is a gracious thing in the sight of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 2:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56002009.01-1">Slaves are to be submissive to their own masters in everything; they are to be well-pleasing, not argumentative, not pilfering, but showing all good faith, so that in everything they may adorn the doctrine of God our Savior.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 26:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09026015.01-1">And David said to Abner, “Are you not a man? Who is like you in Israel? Why then have you not kept watch over your lord the king? For one of the people came in to destroy the king your lord. This thing that you have done is not good. As the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> lives, you deserve to die, because you have not kept watch over your lord, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s anointed. And now see where the king's spear is and the jar of water that was at his head.”</p> </div><h5>2 Samuel 18:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10018003.01-2">But the men said, “You shall not go out. For if we flee, they will not care about us. If half of us die, they will not care about us. But you are worth ten thousand of us. Therefore it is better that you send us help from the city.”</p> </div><h5>Esther 6:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p17006002.01-3">And it was found written how Mordecai had told about Bigthana and Teresh, two of the king's eunuchs, who guarded the threshold, and who had sought to lay hands on King Ahasuerus.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 22:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40022021.01-1">They said, “Caesar's.” Then he said to them, <span class="woc">“Therefore render to Caesar the things that are Caesar's, and to God the things that are God's.”</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 13:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45013006.01-2">For because of this you also pay taxes, for the authorities are ministers of God, attending to this very thing. Pay to all what is owed to them: taxes to whom taxes are owed, revenue to whom revenue is owed, respect to whom respect is owed, honor to whom honor is owed.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 5:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54005017.01-3">Let the elders who rule well be considered worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in preaching and teaching. For the Scripture says, “You shall not muzzle an ox when it treads out the grain,” and, <span class="woc">“The laborer deserves his wages.”</span></p> </div><h5>Galatians 6:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48006006.01-4">One who is taught the word must share all good things with the one who teaches.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 45:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01045011.01-5">There I will provide for you, for there are yet five years of famine to come, so that you and your household, and all that you have, do not come to poverty.’</p> </div><h5>Genesis 47:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01047012.01-6">And Joseph provided his father, his brothers, and all his father's household with food, according to the number of their dependents.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 9:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01009023.01-1">Then Shem and Japheth took a garment, laid it on both their shoulders, and walked backward and covered the nakedness of their father. Their faces were turned backward, and they did not see their father's nakedness.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 2:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002018.01-2">Servants, be subject to your masters with all respect, not only to the good and gentle but also to the unjust.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 23:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20023022.01-3">Listen to your father who gave you life,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not despise your mother when she is old.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 127:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19127003.01-1">Behold, children are a heritage from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the fruit of the womb a reward.<br/>  Like arrows in the hand of a warrior<br/> <span class="indent"></span>are the children of one's youth.<br/>  Blessed is the man<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who fills his quiver with them!<br/> He shall not be put to shame<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when he speaks with his enemies in the gate.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 31:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20031023.01-2">Her husband is known in the gates<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when he sits among the elders of the land.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 05 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 64 + WLC 126 — What is the general scope of the fifth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/04</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 64.</span> What is required in the fifth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The fifth commandment requireth the preserving the honor, and performing the duties, belonging to everyone in their several places and relations, as superiors, inferiors, or equals.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 126.</span> What is the general scope of the fifth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The general scope of the fifth commandment is, the performance of those duties which we mutually owe in our several relations, as inferiors, superiors, or equals.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 13:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45013001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45013001-1">13:1 </span>Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God.</p> </div><h5>Romans 13:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45013007.01-2">Pay to all what is owed to them: taxes to whom taxes are owed, revenue to whom revenue is owed, respect to whom respect is owed, honor to whom honor is owed.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005021.01-3">submitting to one another out of reverence for Christ.</p> <p id="p49005022.04-3">Wives, submit to your own husbands, as to the Lord.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005024.01-4">Now as the church submits to Christ, so also wives should submit in everything to their husbands.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 6:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49006001.04-5"><span class="chapter-num" id="v49006001-5">6:1 </span>Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 6:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006004.01-6">Fathers, do not provoke your children to anger, but bring them up in the discipline and instruction of the Lord.</p> <p id="p49006005.04-6">Slaves, obey your earthly masters with fear and trembling, with a sincere heart, as you would Christ,</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 6:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006009.01-7">Masters, do the same to them, and stop your threatening, knowing that he who is both their Master and yours is in heaven, and that there is no partiality with him.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002017.01-8">Honor everyone. Love the brotherhood. Fear God. Honor the emperor.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 5:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005021.01-1">submitting to one another out of reverence for Christ.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002017.01-2">Honor everyone. Love the brotherhood. Fear God. Honor the emperor.</p> </div><h5>Romans 12:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45012010.01-3">Love one another with brotherly affection. Outdo one another in showing honor.</p> </div><h5>Romans 13:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45013001.05-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45013001-4">13:1 </span>Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God.</p> </div><h5>Romans 13:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45013007.01-5">Pay to all what is owed to them: taxes to whom taxes are owed, revenue to whom revenue is owed, respect to whom respect is owed, honor to whom honor is owed.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49005022.04-6">Wives, submit to your own husbands, as to the Lord.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005024.01-7">Now as the church submits to Christ, so also wives should submit in everything to their husbands.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 6:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49006001.04-8"><span class="chapter-num" id="v49006001-8">6:1 </span>Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 6:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006004.01-9">Fathers, do not provoke your children to anger, but bring them up in the discipline and instruction of the Lord.</p> <p id="p49006005.04-9">Slaves, obey your earthly masters with fear and trembling, with a sincere heart, as you would Christ,</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 6:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006009.01-10">Masters, do the same to them, and stop your threatening, knowing that he who is both their Master and yours is in heaven, and that there is no partiality with him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 04 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 125 — Why are superiors styled Father and Mother?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/03</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 125.</span> Why are superiors styled father and mother?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Superiors are styled father and mother, both to teach them in all duties toward their inferiors, like natural parents, to express love and tenderness to them, according to their several relations;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and to work inferiors to a greater willingness and cheerfulness in performing their duties to their superiors, as to their parents.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 6:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006004.01-1">Fathers, do not provoke your children to anger, but bring them up in the discipline and instruction of the Lord.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 12:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47012014.01-2">Here for the third time I am ready to come to you. And I will not be a burden, for I seek not what is yours but you. For children are not obligated to save up for their parents, but parents for their children.</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 2:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52002007.01-3">But we were gentle among you, like a nursing mother taking care of her own children. So, being affectionately desirous of you, we were ready to share with you not only the gospel of God but also our own selves, because you had become very dear to us.</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 2:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52002011.01-4">For you know how, like a father with his children,</p> </div><h5>Numbers 11:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p04011011.01-5">Moses said to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, “Why have you dealt ill with your servant? And why have I not found favor in your sight, that you lay the burden of all this people on me? Did I conceive all this people? Did I give them birth, that you should say to me, ‘Carry them in your bosom, as a nurse carries a nursing child,’ to the land that you swore to give their fathers?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 4:14-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46004014.01-1">I do not write these things to make you ashamed, but to admonish you as my beloved children. For though you have countless guides in Christ, you do not have many fathers. For I became your father in Christ Jesus through the gospel. I urge you, then, be imitators of me.</p> </div><h5>2 Kings 5:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p12005013.01-2">But his servants came near and said to him, “My father, it is a great word the prophet has spoken to you; will you not do it? Has he actually said to you, ‘Wash, and be clean’?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 03 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 124 — Who are meant by father and mother in the fifth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/02</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 124.</span> Who are meant by father and mother in the fifth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> By father and mother, in the fifth commandment, are meant, not only natural parents,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> but all superiors in age<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and gifts;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and especially such as, by God's ordinance, are over us in place of authority, whether in family,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> church,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> or commonwealth.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 23:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20023022.01-1">Listen to your father who gave you life,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not despise your mother when she is old.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 23:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20023025.01-2">Let your father and mother be glad;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let her who bore you rejoice.</p> </div> </div><h5>Ephesians 6:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49006001.04-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v49006001-3">6:1 </span>Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right. “Honor your father and mother” (this is the first commandment with a promise),  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 5:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p54005001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v54005001-1">5:1 </span>Do not rebuke an older man but encourage him as you would a father, younger men as brothers, older women as mothers, younger women as sisters, in all purity.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 4:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01004020.01-1">Adah bore Jabal; he was the father of those who dwell in tents and have livestock. His brother's name was Jubal; he was the father of all those who play the lyre and pipe.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 45:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01045008.01-2">So it was not you who sent me here, but God. He has made me a father to Pharaoh, and lord of all his house and ruler over all the land of Egypt.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Kings 5:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p12005013.01-1">But his servants came near and said to him, “My father, it is a great word the prophet has spoken to you; will you not do it? Has he actually said to you, ‘Wash, and be clean’?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Kings 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p12002012.01-1">And Elisha saw it and he cried, “My father, my father! The chariots of Israel and its horsemen!” And he saw him no more.</p> <p id="p12002012.25-1">Then he took hold of his own clothes and tore them in two pieces.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 4:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004019.01-2">my little children, for whom I am again in the anguish of childbirth until Christ is formed in you!</p> </div><h5>2 Kings 13:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p12013014.05-3">Now when Elisha had fallen sick with the illness of which he was to die, Joash king of Israel went down to him and wept before him, crying, “My father, my father! The chariots of Israel and its horsemen!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 49:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23049023.01-1">Kings shall be your foster fathers,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their queens your nursing mothers.<br/> With their faces to the ground they shall bow down to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and lick the dust of your feet.<br/> Then you will know that I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>those who wait for me shall not be put to shame.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 02 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 63 + WLC 123 — Which is the fifth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/08/01</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 63.</span> Which is the fifth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The fifth commandment is, Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 123.</span> Which is the fifth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The fifth commandment is, Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020012.01-1">“Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is giving you.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005016.01-2">“‘Honor your father and your mother, as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God commanded you, that your days may be long, and that it may go well with you in the land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is giving you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020012.01-1">“Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is giving you.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005016.01-2">“‘Honor your father and your mother, as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God commanded you, that your days may be long, and that it may go well with you in the land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is giving you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Aug 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 42 + WLC 122 — What is the sum of the six commandments which contain our duty to man?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/31</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 42.</span> What is the sum of the ten commandments?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sum of the Ten Commandments is, to love the Lord our God with all our heart, with all our soul, with all our strength, and with all our mind; and our neighbor as ourselves.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 122.</span> What is the sum of the six commandments which contain our duty to man?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sum of the six commandments which contain our duty to man is, to love our neighbor as ourselves,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> and to do to others what we would have them to do to us.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 22:37-40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40022037.01-1">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.</span> <span class="woc">This is the great and first commandment.</span> <span class="woc">And a second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself.</span> <span class="woc">On these two commandments depend all the Law and the Prophets.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 22:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40022039.01-1"><span class="woc">And a second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 7:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40007012.04-1"><span class="woc">“So whatever you wish that others would do to you, do also to them, for this is the Law and the Prophets.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 121 — Why is the word 'Remember' set in the beginning of the fourth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/30</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 121.</span> Why is the word Remember set in the beginning of the fourth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The word Remember is set in the beginning of the fourth commandment,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> partly, because of the great benefit of remembering it, we being thereby helped in our preparation to keep it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and, in keeping it, better to keep all the rest of the commandments,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and to continue a thankful remembrance of the two great benefits of creation and redemption, which contain a short abridgment of religion;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> and partly, because we are very ready to forget it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> for that there is less light of nature for it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> and yet it restraineth our natural liberty in things at other times lawful;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> that it cometh but once in seven days, and many worldly businesses come between, and too often take off our minds from thinking of it, either to prepare for it, or to sanctify it;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> and that Satan with his instruments much labor to blot out the glory, and even the memory of it, to bring in all irreligion and impiety.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020008.01-1">“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 16:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>he said to them, “This is what the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has commanded: ‘Tomorrow is a day of solemn rest, a holy Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; bake what you will bake and boil what you will boil, and all that is left over lay aside to be kept till the morning.’”</p> </div> <h5>Luke 23:54</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>It was the day of Preparation, and the Sabbath was beginning.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 23:56</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then they returned and prepared spices and ointments.</p> <p>On the Sabbath they rested according to the commandment.</p> </div> <h5>Mark 15:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when evening had come, since it was the day of Preparation, that is, the day before the Sabbath,</p> </div> <h5>Nehemiah 13:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>As soon as it began to grow dark at the gates of Jerusalem before the Sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut and gave orders that they should not be opened until after the Sabbath. And I stationed some of my servants at the gates, that no load might be brought in on the Sabbath day.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 20:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26020012.01-1">Moreover, I gave them my Sabbaths, as a sign between me and them, that they might know that I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> who sanctifies them.</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 20:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26020019.01-2">I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God; walk in my statutes, and be careful to obey my rules, and keep my Sabbaths holy that they may be a sign between me and you, that you may know that I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 92:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19092013.01-3">They are planted in the house of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they flourish in the courts of our God.<br/>  They still bear fruit in old age;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they are ever full of sap and green,</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 92</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19092001.13-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19092001-4">92:1 </span>It is good to give thanks to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to sing praises to your name, O Most High;<br/>  to declare your steadfast love in the morning,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your faithfulness by night,<br/>  to the music of the lute and the harp,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to the melody of the lyre.<br/>  For you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, have made me glad by your work;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>at the works of your hands I sing for joy.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19092005.01-4">How great are your works, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Your thoughts are very deep!<br/>  The stupid man cannot know;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the fool cannot understand this:<br/>  that though the wicked sprout like grass<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all evildoers flourish,<br/> they are doomed to destruction forever;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, are on high forever.<br/>  For behold, your enemies, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for behold, your enemies shall perish;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all evildoers shall be scattered.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19092010.01-4">But you have exalted my horn like that of the wild ox;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have poured over me fresh oil.<br/>  My eyes have seen the downfall of my enemies;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my ears have heard the doom of my evil assailants.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19092012.01-4">The righteous flourish like the palm tree<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and grow like a cedar in Lebanon.<br/>  They are planted in the house of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they flourish in the courts of our God.<br/>  They still bear fruit in old age;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they are ever full of sap and green,<br/>  to declare that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is upright;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is my rock, and there is no unrighteousness in him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002002.01-1">And on the seventh day God finished his work that he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work that he had done. So God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it God rested from all his work that he had done in creation.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 118:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19118022.01-2">The stone that the builders rejected<br/> <span class="indent"></span>has become the cornerstone.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 118:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19118024.01-3">This is the day that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has made;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let us rejoice and be glad in it.</p> </div> </div><h5>Revelation 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66001010.01-4">I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day, and I heard behind me a loud voice like a trumpet  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 22:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26022026.01-1">Her priests have done violence to my law and have profaned my holy things. They have made no distinction between the holy and the common, neither have they taught the difference between the unclean and the clean, and they have disregarded my Sabbaths, so that I am profaned among them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Nehemiah 9:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16009014.01-1">and you made known to them your holy Sabbath and commanded them commandments and statutes and a law by Moses your servant.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 34:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02034021.01-1">“Six days you shall work, but on the seventh day you shall rest. In plowing time and in harvest you shall rest.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 5:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005014.01-1">but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you or your son or your daughter or your male servant or your female servant, or your ox or your donkey or any of your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates, that your male servant and your female servant may rest as well as you. You shall remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, and the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God brought you out from there with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God commanded you to keep the Sabbath day.</p> </div><h5>Amos 8:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p30008005.01-2">saying, “When will the new moon be over,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that we may sell grain?<br/> And the Sabbath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that we may offer wheat for sale,<br/> that we may make the ephah small and the shekel great<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and deal deceitfully with false balances,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Lamentations 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p25001007.01-1">Jerusalem remembers<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the days of her affliction and wandering<br/> all the precious things<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that were hers from days of old.<br/> When her people fell into the hand of the foe,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and there was none to help her,<br/> her foes gloated over her;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they mocked at her downfall.</p> </div> </div><h5>Jeremiah 17:21-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24017021.01-2">Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: Take care for the sake of your lives, and do not bear a burden on the Sabbath day or bring it in by the gates of Jerusalem. And do not carry a burden out of your houses on the Sabbath or do any work, but keep the Sabbath day holy, as I commanded your fathers. Yet they did not listen or incline their ear, but stiffened their neck, that they might not hear and receive instruction.</p> </div><h5>Nehemiah 13:15-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16013015.01-3">In those days I saw in Judah people treading winepresses on the Sabbath, and bringing in heaps of grain and loading them on donkeys, and also wine, grapes, figs, and all kinds of loads, which they brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. And I warned them on the day when they sold food. Tyrians also, who lived in the city, brought in fish and all kinds of goods and sold them on the Sabbath to the people of Judah, in Jerusalem itself! Then I confronted the nobles of Judah and said to them, “What is this evil thing that you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day? Did not your fathers act in this way, and did not our God bring all this disaster on us and on this city? Now you are bringing more wrath on Israel by profaning the Sabbath.”</p> <p id="p16013019.01-3">As soon as it began to grow dark at the gates of Jerusalem before the Sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut and gave orders that they should not be opened until after the Sabbath. And I stationed some of my servants at the gates, that no load might be brought in on the Sabbath day. Then the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares lodged outside Jerusalem once or twice. But I warned them and said to them, “Why do you lodge outside the wall? If you do so again, I will lay hands on you.” From that time on they did not come on the Sabbath. Then I commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves and come and guard the gates, to keep the Sabbath day holy. Remember this also in my favor, O my God, and spare me according to the greatness of your steadfast love.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 62 + WLC 120 — What are the reasons annexed to the fourth commandment, the more to enforce it?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/29</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 62.</span> What are the reasons annexed to the fourth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The reasons annexed to the fourth commandment are, God's allowing us six days of the week for our own employments,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> his challenging a special propriety in the seventh, his own example, and his blessing the Sabbath day.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 120.</span> What are the reasons annexed to the fourth commandment, the more to enforce it?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The reasons annexed to the fourth commandment, the more to enforce it, are taken from the equity of it, God allowing us six days of seven for our own affairs, and reserving but one for himself, in these words, Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> from God's challenging a special propriety in that day, The seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> from the example of God, who in six days ... made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: and from that blessing which God put upon that day, not only in sanctifying it to be a day for his service, but in ordaining it to be a means of blessing to us in our sanctifying it; Wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020009.01-1">Six days you shall labor, and do all your work,</p> </div><h5>Exodus 31:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02031015.01-2">Six days shall work be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, holy to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day shall be put to death.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 23:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p03023003.03-3">“Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, a holy convocation. You shall do no work. It is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in all your dwelling places.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002002.01-1">And on the seventh day God finished his work that he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work that he had done. So God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it God rested from all his work that he had done in creation.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 20:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020011.01-2">For in six days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 31:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02031017.01-3">It is a sign forever between me and the people of Israel that in six days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested and was refreshed.’”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020009.01-1">Six days you shall labor, and do all your work,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020010.01-1">but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020011.01-1">For in six days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 61 + WLC 119 — What are the sins forbidden in the fourth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/28</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 61.</span> What is forbidden in the fourth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The fourth commandment forbiddeth the omission, or careless performance, of the duties required, and the profaning the day by idleness, or doing that which is in itself sinful, or by unnecessary thoughts, words, or works, about our worldly employments or recreations.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 119.</span> What are the sins forbidden in the fourth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sins forbidden in the fourth commandment are, all omissions of the duties required,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> all careless, negligent, and unprofitable performing of them, and being weary of them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> all profaning the day by idleness, and doing that which is in itself sinful;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> and by all needless works, words, and thoughts, about our worldly employments and recreations.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Nehemiah 13:15-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16013015.01-1">In those days I saw in Judah people treading winepresses on the Sabbath, and bringing in heaps of grain and loading them on donkeys, and also wine, grapes, figs, and all kinds of loads, which they brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. And I warned them on the day when they sold food. Tyrians also, who lived in the city, brought in fish and all kinds of goods and sold them on the Sabbath to the people of Judah, in Jerusalem itself! Then I confronted the nobles of Judah and said to them, “What is this evil thing that you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day? Did not your fathers act in this way, and did not our God bring all this disaster on us and on this city? Now you are bringing more wrath on Israel by profaning the Sabbath.”</p> <p id="p16013019.01-1">As soon as it began to grow dark at the gates of Jerusalem before the Sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut and gave orders that they should not be opened until after the Sabbath. And I stationed some of my servants at the gates, that no load might be brought in on the Sabbath day. Then the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares lodged outside Jerusalem once or twice. But I warned them and said to them, “Why do you lodge outside the wall? If you do so again, I will lay hands on you.” From that time on they did not come on the Sabbath. Then I commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves and come and guard the gates, to keep the Sabbath day holy. Remember this also in my favor, O my God, and spare me according to the greatness of your steadfast love.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 58:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23058013.01-2">“If you turn back your foot from the Sabbath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from doing your pleasure on my holy day,<br/> and call the Sabbath a delight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the holy day of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> honorable;<br/> if you honor it, not going your own ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or seeking your own pleasure, or talking idly;<br/>  then you shall take delight in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will make you ride on the heights of the earth;<br/> I will feed you with the heritage of Jacob your father,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the mouth of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has spoken.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Amos 8:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p30008004.01-3">Hear this, you who trample on the needy<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and bring the poor of the land to an end,<br/>  saying, “When will the new moon be over,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that we may sell grain?<br/> And the Sabbath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that we may offer wheat for sale,<br/> that we may make the ephah small and the shekel great<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and deal deceitfully with false balances,<br/>  that we may buy the poor for silver<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the needy for a pair of sandals<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and sell the chaff of the wheat?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 22:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26022026.01-1">Her priests have done violence to my law and have profaned my holy things. They have made no distinction between the holy and the common, neither have they taught the difference between the unclean and the clean, and they have disregarded my Sabbaths, so that I am profaned among them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Amos 8:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p30008005.01-1">saying, “When will the new moon be over,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that we may sell grain?<br/> And the Sabbath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that we may offer wheat for sale,<br/> that we may make the ephah small and the shekel great<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and deal deceitfully with false balances,</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44020007.06-2">On the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul talked with them, intending to depart on the next day, and he prolonged his speech until midnight.</p> </div><h5>Acts 20:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44020009.01-3">And a young man named Eutychus, sitting at the window, sank into a deep sleep as Paul talked still longer. And being overcome by sleep, he fell down from the third story and was taken up dead.</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 33:30-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26033030.01-4">“As for you, son of man, your people who talk together about you by the walls and at the doors of the houses, say to one another, each to his brother, ‘Come, and hear what the word is that comes from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.’ And they come to you as people come, and they sit before you as my people, and they hear what you say but they will not do it; for with lustful talk in their mouths they act; their heart is set on their gain. And behold, you are to them like one who sings lustful songs with a beautiful voice and plays well on an instrument, for they hear what you say, but they will not do it.</p> </div><h5>Malachi 1:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39001013.01-5">But you say, ‘What a weariness this is,’ and you snort at it, says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts. You bring what has been taken by violence or is lame or sick, and this you bring as your offering! Shall I accept that from your hand? says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 23:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26023038.01-1">Moreover, this they have done to me: they have defiled my sanctuary on the same day and profaned my Sabbaths.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 17:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24017024.01-1">“‘But if you listen to me, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and bring in no burden by the gates of this city on the Sabbath day, but keep the Sabbath day holy and do no work on it,</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 17:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24017027.01-2">But if you do not listen to me, to keep the Sabbath day holy, and not to bear a burden and enter by the gates of Jerusalem on the Sabbath day, then I will kindle a fire in its gates, and it shall devour the palaces of Jerusalem and shall not be quenched.’”</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 58:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23058013.01-3">“If you turn back your foot from the Sabbath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from doing your pleasure on my holy day,<br/> and call the Sabbath a delight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the holy day of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> honorable;<br/> if you honor it, not going your own ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or seeking your own pleasure, or talking idly;<br/>  then you shall take delight in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will make you ride on the heights of the earth;<br/> I will feed you with the heritage of Jacob your father,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the mouth of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has spoken.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 118 — Why is the charge of keeping the Sabbath more specially directed to governors of families?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/27</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 118.</span> Why is the charge of keeping the Sabbath more specially directed to governors of families, and other superiors?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The charge of keeping the Sabbath is more specially directed to governors of families, and other superiors, because they are bound not only to keep it themselves, but to see that it be observed by all those that are under their charge; and because they are prone ofttimes to hinder them by employments of their own.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020010.01-1">but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 23:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02023012.01-2">“Six days you shall do your work, but on the seventh day you shall rest; that your ox and your donkey may have rest, and the son of your servant woman, and the alien, may be refreshed.</p> </div><h5>Joshua 24:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p06024015.01-3">And if it is evil in your eyes to serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, choose this day whom you will serve, whether the gods your fathers served in the region beyond the River, or the gods of the Amorites in whose land you dwell. But as for me and my house, we will serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.”</p> </div><h5>Nehemiah 13:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16013015.01-4">In those days I saw in Judah people treading winepresses on the Sabbath, and bringing in heaps of grain and loading them on donkeys, and also wine, grapes, figs, and all kinds of loads, which they brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. And I warned them on the day when they sold food. Tyrians also, who lived in the city, brought in fish and all kinds of goods and sold them on the Sabbath to the people of Judah, in Jerusalem itself! Then I confronted the nobles of Judah and said to them, “What is this evil thing that you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day?</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 17:20-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24017020.01-5">and say: ‘Hear the word of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, you kings of Judah, and all Judah, and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem, who enter by these gates. Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: Take care for the sake of your lives, and do not bear a burden on the Sabbath day or bring it in by the gates of Jerusalem. And do not carry a burden out of your houses on the Sabbath or do any work, but keep the Sabbath day holy, as I commanded your fathers.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 60 + WLC 117 — How is the Sabbath or the Lord's day to be sanctified?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/26</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 60.</span> How is the sabbath to be sanctified?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Sabbath is to be sanctified by a holy resting all that day, even from such worldly employments and recreations as are lawful on other days;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and spending the whole time in the public and private exercises of God's worship,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> except so much as is to be taken up in the works of necessity and mercy.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 117.</span> How is the Sabbath or the Lord's Day to be sanctified?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Sabbath or Lord's Day is to be sanctified by an holy resting all the day,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">4</sup> not only from such works as are at all times sinful, but even from such worldly employments and recreations as are on other days lawful;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">5</sup> and making it our delight to spend the whole time (except so much of it as is to be taken up in works of necessity and mercy<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">6</sup>) in the public and private exercises of God's worship:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">7</sup> and, to that end, we are to prepare our hearts, and with such foresight, diligence, and moderation, to dispose and seasonably dispatch our worldly business, that we may be the more free and fit for the duties of that day.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020010.01-1">but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates.</p> </div><h5>Nehemiah 13:15-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16013015.01-2">In those days I saw in Judah people treading winepresses on the Sabbath, and bringing in heaps of grain and loading them on donkeys, and also wine, grapes, figs, and all kinds of loads, which they brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. And I warned them on the day when they sold food. Tyrians also, who lived in the city, brought in fish and all kinds of goods and sold them on the Sabbath to the people of Judah, in Jerusalem itself! Then I confronted the nobles of Judah and said to them, “What is this evil thing that you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day? Did not your fathers act in this way, and did not our God bring all this disaster on us and on this city? Now you are bringing more wrath on Israel by profaning the Sabbath.”</p> <p id="p16013019.01-2">As soon as it began to grow dark at the gates of Jerusalem before the Sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut and gave orders that they should not be opened until after the Sabbath. And I stationed some of my servants at the gates, that no load might be brought in on the Sabbath day. Then the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares lodged outside Jerusalem once or twice. But I warned them and said to them, “Why do you lodge outside the wall? If you do so again, I will lay hands on you.” From that time on they did not come on the Sabbath. Then I commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves and come and guard the gates, to keep the Sabbath day holy. Remember this also in my favor, O my God, and spare me according to the greatness of your steadfast love.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 58:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23058013.01-3">“If you turn back your foot from the Sabbath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from doing your pleasure on my holy day,<br/> and call the Sabbath a delight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the holy day of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> honorable;<br/> if you honor it, not going your own ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or seeking your own pleasure, or talking idly;<br/>  then you shall take delight in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will make you ride on the heights of the earth;<br/> I will feed you with the heritage of Jacob your father,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the mouth of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has spoken.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020008.01-1">“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 23:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p03023003.03-2">“Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, a holy convocation. You shall do no work. It is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in all your dwelling places.</p> </div><h5>Luke 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42004016.05-3">And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up. And as was his custom, he went to the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and he stood up to read.</p> </div><h5>Acts 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44020007.06-4">On the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul talked with them, intending to depart on the next day, and he prolonged his speech until midnight.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 12:1-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40012001.07-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v40012001-1">12:1 </span>At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath. His disciples were hungry, and they began to pluck heads of grain and to eat. But when the Pharisees saw it, they said to him, “Look, your disciples are doing what is not lawful to do on the Sabbath.” He said to them, <span class="woc">“Have you not read what David did when he was hungry, and those who were with him:</span> <span class="woc">how he entered the house of God and ate the bread of the Presence, which it was not lawful for him to eat nor for those who were with him, but only for the priests?</span> <span class="woc">Or have you not read in the Law how on the Sabbath the priests in the temple profane the Sabbath and are guiltless?</span> <span class="woc">I tell you, something greater than the temple is here.</span> <span class="woc">And if you had known what this means, ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the guiltless.</span> <span class="woc">For the Son of Man is lord of the Sabbath.”</span></p> <p id="p40012009.07-1">He went on from there and entered their synagogue. And a man was there with a withered hand. And they asked him, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath?”—so that they might accuse him. He said to them, <span class="woc">“Which one of you who has a sheep, if it falls into a pit on the Sabbath, will not take hold of it and lift it out?</span> <span class="woc">Of how much more value is a man than a sheep! So it is lawful to do good on the Sabbath.”</span> Then he said to the man, <span class="woc">“Stretch out your hand.”</span> And the man stretched it out, and it was restored, healthy like the other.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020008.01-1">“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 20:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020010.01-2">but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 16:25-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02016025.01-1">Moses said, “Eat it today, for today is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; today you will not find it in the field. Six days you shall gather it, but on the seventh day, which is a Sabbath, there will be none.”</p> <p id="p02016027.01-1">On the seventh day some of the people went out to gather, but they found none. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Moses, “How long will you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws?</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 17:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24017021.01-2">Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: Take care for the sake of your lives, and do not bear a burden on the Sabbath day or bring it in by the gates of Jerusalem. And do not carry a burden out of your houses on the Sabbath or do any work, but keep the Sabbath day holy, as I commanded your fathers.</p> </div><h5>Nehemiah 13:15-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16013015.01-3">In those days I saw in Judah people treading winepresses on the Sabbath, and bringing in heaps of grain and loading them on donkeys, and also wine, grapes, figs, and all kinds of loads, which they brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. And I warned them on the day when they sold food. Tyrians also, who lived in the city, brought in fish and all kinds of goods and sold them on the Sabbath to the people of Judah, in Jerusalem itself! Then I confronted the nobles of Judah and said to them, “What is this evil thing that you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day? Did not your fathers act in this way, and did not our God bring all this disaster on us and on this city? Now you are bringing more wrath on Israel by profaning the Sabbath.”</p> <p id="p16013019.01-3">As soon as it began to grow dark at the gates of Jerusalem before the Sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut and gave orders that they should not be opened until after the Sabbath. And I stationed some of my servants at the gates, that no load might be brought in on the Sabbath day. Then the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares lodged outside Jerusalem once or twice. But I warned them and said to them, “Why do you lodge outside the wall? If you do so again, I will lay hands on you.” From that time on they did not come on the Sabbath. Then I commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves and come and guard the gates, to keep the Sabbath day holy. Remember this also in my favor, O my God, and spare me according to the greatness of your steadfast love.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 12:1-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40012001.07-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v40012001-1">12:1 </span>At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath. His disciples were hungry, and they began to pluck heads of grain and to eat. But when the Pharisees saw it, they said to him, “Look, your disciples are doing what is not lawful to do on the Sabbath.” He said to them, <span class="woc">“Have you not read what David did when he was hungry, and those who were with him:</span> <span class="woc">how he entered the house of God and ate the bread of the Presence, which it was not lawful for him to eat nor for those who were with him, but only for the priests?</span> <span class="woc">Or have you not read in the Law how on the Sabbath the priests in the temple profane the Sabbath and are guiltless?</span> <span class="woc">I tell you, something greater than the temple is here.</span> <span class="woc">And if you had known what this means, ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the guiltless.</span> <span class="woc">For the Son of Man is lord of the Sabbath.”</span></p> <p id="p40012009.07-1">He went on from there and entered their synagogue. And a man was there with a withered hand. And they asked him, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath?”—so that they might accuse him. He said to them, <span class="woc">“Which one of you who has a sheep, if it falls into a pit on the Sabbath, will not take hold of it and lift it out?</span> <span class="woc">Of how much more value is a man than a sheep! So it is lawful to do good on the Sabbath.”</span> Then he said to the man, <span class="woc">“Stretch out your hand.”</span> And the man stretched it out, and it was restored, healthy like the other.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 58:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23058013.01-1">“If you turn back your foot from the Sabbath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from doing your pleasure on my holy day,<br/> and call the Sabbath a delight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the holy day of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> honorable;<br/> if you honor it, not going your own ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or seeking your own pleasure, or talking idly;<br/>  then you shall take delight in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will make you ride on the heights of the earth;<br/> I will feed you with the heritage of Jacob your father,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the mouth of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has spoken.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42004016.05-2">And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up. And as was his custom, he went to the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and he stood up to read.</p> </div><h5>Acts 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44020007.06-3">On the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul talked with them, intending to depart on the next day, and he prolonged his speech until midnight.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 16:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46016001.06-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v46016001-4">16:1 </span>Now concerning the collection for the saints: as I directed the churches of Galatia, so you also are to do. On the first day of every week, each of you is to put something aside and store it up, as he may prosper, so that there will be no collecting when I come.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 23:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p03023003.03-5">“Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, a holy convocation. You shall do no work. It is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in all your dwelling places.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 92</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19092001.13-6"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19092001-6">92:1 </span>It is good to give thanks to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to sing praises to your name, O Most High;<br/>  to declare your steadfast love in the morning,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your faithfulness by night,<br/>  to the music of the lute and the harp,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to the melody of the lyre.<br/>  For you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, have made me glad by your work;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>at the works of your hands I sing for joy.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19092005.01-6">How great are your works, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Your thoughts are very deep!<br/>  The stupid man cannot know;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the fool cannot understand this:<br/>  that though the wicked sprout like grass<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all evildoers flourish,<br/> they are doomed to destruction forever;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, are on high forever.<br/>  For behold, your enemies, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for behold, your enemies shall perish;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all evildoers shall be scattered.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19092010.01-6">But you have exalted my horn like that of the wild ox;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have poured over me fresh oil.<br/>  My eyes have seen the downfall of my enemies;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my ears have heard the doom of my evil assailants.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19092012.01-6">The righteous flourish like the palm tree<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and grow like a cedar in Lebanon.<br/>  They are planted in the house of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they flourish in the courts of our God.<br/>  They still bear fruit in old age;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they are ever full of sap and green,<br/>  to declare that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is upright;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is my rock, and there is no unrighteousness in him.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 66:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23066023.01-7">From new moon to new moon,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and from Sabbath to Sabbath,<br/> all flesh shall come to worship before me,<br/> declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 23:54</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>It was the day of Preparation, and the Sabbath was beginning.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 23:56</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then they returned and prepared spices and ointments.</p> <p>On the Sabbath they rested according to the commandment.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 16:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>On the sixth day they gathered twice as much bread, two omers each. And when all the leaders of the congregation came and told Moses,</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 16:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Moses said, “Eat it today, for today is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; today you will not find it in the field. Six days you shall gather it, but on the seventh day, which is a Sabbath, there will be none.”</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 16:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>See! The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has given you the Sabbath; therefore on the sixth day he gives you bread for two days. Remain each of you in his place; let no one go out of his place on the seventh day.”</p> </div> <h5>Nehemiah 13:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>As soon as it began to grow dark at the gates of Jerusalem before the Sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut and gave orders that they should not be opened until after the Sabbath. And I stationed some of my servants at the gates, that no load might be brought in on the Sabbath day.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 26 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 59 — Which day of the seven hath God appointed to be the weekly Sabbath?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/25</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 59.</span> Which day of the seven hath God appointed to be the weekly sabbath?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> From the beginning of the world to the resurrection of Christ, God appointed the seventh day of the week to be the weekly Sabbath;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and the first day of the week ever since, to continue to the end of the world, which is the Christian Sabbath.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002002.01-1">And on the seventh day God finished his work that he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work that he had done. So God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it God rested from all his work that he had done in creation.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 20:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020011.01-2">For in six days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 2:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41002027.01-1">And he said to them, <span class="woc">“The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath.</span> <span class="woc">So the Son of Man is lord even of the Sabbath.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44020007.06-2">On the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul talked with them, intending to depart on the next day, and he prolonged his speech until midnight.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 16:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46016002.01-3">On the first day of every week, each of you is to put something aside and store it up, as he may prosper, so that there will be no collecting when I come.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66001010.01-4">I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day, and I heard behind me a loud voice like a trumpet  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 25 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 58 + WLC 116 — What is required in the fourth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/24</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 58.</span> What is required in the fourth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The fourth commandment requireth the keeping holy to God such set times as he hath appointed in his Word; expressly one whole day in seven, to be a holy Sabbath to himself.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 116.</span> What is required in the fourth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The fourth commandment requireth of all men the sanctifying or keeping holy to God such set times as he hath appointed in his Word, expressly one whole day in seven; which was the seventh from the beginning of the world to the resurrection of Christ, and the first day of the week ever since, and so to continue to the end of the world; which is the Christian sabbath,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> and in the New Testament called the Lord's Day.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 31:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02031013.01-1">“You are to speak to the people of Israel and say, ‘Above all you shall keep my Sabbaths, for this is a sign between me and you throughout your generations, that you may know that I, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, sanctify you.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 31:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02031016.01-2">Therefore the people of Israel shall keep the Sabbath, observing the Sabbath throughout their generations, as a covenant forever. It is a sign forever between me and the people of Israel that in six days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested and was refreshed.’”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 5:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005012.01-1">“‘Observe the Sabbath day, to keep it holy, as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God commanded you. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you or your son or your daughter or your male servant or your female servant, or your ox or your donkey or any of your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates, that your male servant and your female servant may rest as well as you.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 2:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002002.01-2">And on the seventh day God finished his work that he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work that he had done. So God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it God rested from all his work that he had done in creation.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 16:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46016001.06-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v46016001-3">16:1 </span>Now concerning the collection for the saints: as I directed the churches of Galatia, so you also are to do. On the first day of every week, each of you is to put something aside and store it up, as he may prosper, so that there will be no collecting when I come.</p> </div><h5>Acts 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44020007.06-4">On the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul talked with them, intending to depart on the next day, and he prolonged his speech until midnight.</p> </div><h5>John 20:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p43020019.06-5">On the evening of that day, the first day of the week, the doors being locked where the disciples were for fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood among them and said to them, <span class="woc">“Peace be with you.”</span></p> </div><h5>John 20:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43020026.01-6">Eight days later, his disciples were inside again, and Thomas was with them. Although the doors were locked, Jesus came and stood among them and said, <span class="woc">“Peace be with you.”</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005017.07-7"><span class="woc">“Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them.</span> <span class="woc">For truly, I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, not an iota, not a dot, will pass from the Law until all is accomplished.</span></p> </div><h5>Isaiah 56:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23056002.01-8">Blessed is the man who does this,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the son of man who holds it fast,<br/> who keeps the Sabbath, not profaning it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and keeps his hand from doing any evil.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 56:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23056004.01-9">For thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>:<br/> “To the eunuchs who keep my Sabbaths,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who choose the things that please me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and hold fast my covenant,</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 56:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23056006.01-10">“And the foreigners who join themselves to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to minister to him, to love the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to be his servants,<br/> everyone who keeps the Sabbath and does not profane it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and holds fast my covenant—<br/>  these I will bring to my holy mountain,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and make them joyful in my house of prayer;<br/> their burnt offerings and their sacrifices<br/> <span class="indent"></span>will be accepted on my altar;<br/> for my house shall be called a house of prayer<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all peoples.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66001010.01-1">I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day, and I heard behind me a loud voice like a trumpet  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 57 + WLC 115 — Which is the fourth commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/23</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 57.</span> Which is the fourth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The fourth commandment is, Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work: but the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates: for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 115.</span> Which is the fourth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The fourth commandment is, Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work: but the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates: for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day and hallowed it.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:8-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020008.01-1">“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor, and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates. For in six days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:12-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005012.01-2">“‘Observe the Sabbath day, to keep it holy, as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God commanded you. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you or your son or your daughter or your male servant or your female servant, or your ox or your donkey or any of your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates, that your male servant and your female servant may rest as well as you. You shall remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, and the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God brought you out from there with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God commanded you to keep the Sabbath day.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:8-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020008.01-1">“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor, and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates. For in six days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:12-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005012.01-2">“‘Observe the Sabbath day, to keep it holy, as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God commanded you. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you or your son or your daughter or your male servant or your female servant, or your ox or your donkey or any of your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates, that your male servant and your female servant may rest as well as you. You shall remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, and the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God brought you out from there with a mighty hand and an outstretched arm. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God commanded you to keep the Sabbath day.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 56 + WLC 114 — What reasons are annexed to the third commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/22</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 56.</span> What is the reason annexed to the third commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The reason annexed to the third commandment is, that however the breakers of this commandment may escape punishment from men, yet the Lord our God will not suffer them to escape his righteous judgment.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 114.</span> What reasons are annexed to the third commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The reasons annexed to the third commandment, in these words, The LORD thy God, and, For the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> are, because he is the Lord and our God, therefore his name is not to be profaned, or anyway abused by us;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> especially because he will be so far from acquitting and sparing the transgressors of this commandment, as that he will not suffer them to escape his righteous judgment,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> albeit many such escape the censures and punishments of men.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 28:58-59</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05028058.01-1">“If you are not careful to do all the words of this law that are written in this book, that you may fear this glorious and awesome name, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring on you and your offspring extraordinary afflictions, afflictions severe and lasting, and sicknesses grievous and lasting.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09003013.01-2">And I declare to him that I am about to punish his house forever, for the iniquity that he knew, because his sons were blaspheming God, and he did not restrain them.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09004011.01-3">And the ark of God was captured, and the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, died.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020007.01-1">“You shall not take the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in vain, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 19:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019012.01-1">You shall not swear by my name falsely, and so profane the name of your God: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 28:58-59</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05028058.01-1">“If you are not careful to do all the words of this law that are written in this book, that you may fear this glorious and awesome name, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring on you and your offspring extraordinary afflictions, afflictions severe and lasting, and sicknesses grievous and lasting.</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 36:21-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26036021.01-2">But I had concern for my holy name, which the house of Israel had profaned among the nations to which they came.</p> <p id="p26036022.08-2">“Therefore say to the house of Israel, Thus says the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>: It is not for your sake, O house of Israel, that I am about to act, but for the sake of my holy name, which you have profaned among the nations to which you came. And I will vindicate the holiness of my great name, which has been profaned among the nations, and which you have profaned among them. And the nations will know that I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, declares the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>, when through you I vindicate my holiness before their eyes.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 2:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09002029.01-1">Why then do you scorn my sacrifices and my offerings that I commanded, and honor your sons above me by fattening yourselves on the choicest parts of every offering of my people Israel?’</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09003013.01-2">And I declare to him that I am about to punish his house forever, for the iniquity that he knew, because his sons were blaspheming God, and he did not restrain them.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 2:12-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p09002012.04-3">Now the sons of Eli were worthless men. They did not know the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. The custom of the priests with the people was that when any man offered sacrifice, the priest's servant would come, while the meat was boiling, with a three-pronged fork in his hand, and he would thrust it into the pan or kettle or cauldron or pot. All that the fork brought up the priest would take for himself. This is what they did at Shiloh to all the Israelites who came there. Moreover, before the fat was burned, the priest's servant would come and say to the man who was sacrificing, “Give meat for the priest to roast, for he will not accept boiled meat from you but only raw.” And if the man said to him, “Let them burn the fat first, and then take as much as you wish,” he would say, “No, you must give it now, and if not, I will take it by force.” Thus the sin of the young men was very great in the sight of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, for the men treated the offering of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> with contempt.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 2:22-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p09002022.05-4">Now Eli was very old, and he kept hearing all that his sons were doing to all Israel, and how they lay with the women who were serving at the entrance to the tent of meeting. And he said to them, “Why do you do such things? For I hear of your evil dealings from all the people. No, my sons; it is no good report that I hear the people of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spreading abroad. If someone sins against a man, God will mediate for him, but if someone sins against the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, who can intercede for him?” But they would not listen to the voice of their father, for it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to put them to death.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 55 + WLC 113 — What are the sins forbidden in the third commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/21</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 55.</span> What is forbidden in the third commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The third commandment forbiddeth all profaning or abusing of anything whereby God maketh himself known.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 113.</span> What are the sins forbidden in the third commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sins forbidden in the third commandment are, the not using of God's name as is required;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> and the abuse of it in an ignorant,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> vain,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> irreverent, profane,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> superstitious,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> or wicked mentioning or otherwise using his titles, attributes,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> ordinances,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> or works,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup> by blasphemy,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">10</sup> perjury;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">11</sup> all sinful cursings,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">12</sup> oaths,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">13</sup> vows,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">14</sup> and lots;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">15</sup> violating of our oaths and vows, if lawful,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">16</sup> and fulfilling them, if of things unlawful;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">17</sup> murmuring and quarreling at,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">18</sup> curious prying into,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc18">19</sup> and misapplying of God's decrees<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc19">20</sup> and providences;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc20">21</sup> misinterpreting,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc21">22</sup> misapplying,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc22">23</sup> or anyway perverting the Word, or any part of it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc23">24</sup> to profane jests,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc24">25</sup> curious or unprofitable questions, vain janglings, or the maintaining of false doctrines;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc25">26</sup> abusing it, the creatures, or anything contained under the name of God, to charms,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc26">27</sup> or sinful lusts and practices;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc27">28</sup> the maligning,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc28">29</sup> scorning,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc29">30</sup> reviling,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc30">31</sup> or anywise opposing of God's truth, grace, and ways;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc31">32</sup> making profession of religion in hypocrisy, or for sinister ends;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc32">33</sup> being ashamed of it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc33">34</sup> or a shame to it, by unconformable,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc34">35</sup> unwise,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc35">36</sup> unfruitful,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc36">37</sup> and offensive walking,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc37">38</sup> or backsliding from it.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc38">39</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 19:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019012.01-1">You shall not swear by my name falsely, and so profane the name of your God: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:33-37</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005033.02-2"><span class="woc">“Again you have heard that it was said to those of old, ‘You shall not swear falsely, but shall perform to the Lord what you have sworn.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you, Do not take an oath at all, either by heaven, for it is the throne of God,</span> <span class="woc">or by the earth, for it is his footstool, or by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the great King.</span> <span class="woc">And do not take an oath by your head, for you cannot make one hair white or black.</span> <span class="woc">Let what you say be simply ‘Yes’ or ‘No’; anything more than this comes from evil.</span></p> </div><h5>James 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59005012.01-3">But above all, my brothers, do not swear, either by heaven or by earth or by any other oath, but let your “yes” be yes and your “no” be no, so that you may not fall under condemnation.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Malachi 2:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39002002.01-1">If you will not listen, if you will not take it to heart to give honor to my name, says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts, then I will send the curse upon you and I will curse your blessings. Indeed, I have already cursed them, because you do not lay it to heart.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 17:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017023.01-1">For as I passed along and observed the objects of your worship, I found also an altar with this inscription, ‘To the unknown god.’ What therefore you worship as unknown, this I proclaim to you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 30:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20030009.01-1">lest I be full and deny you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and say, “Who is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>?”<br/> or lest I be poor and steal<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and profane the name of my God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Malachi 1:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p39001006.05-1">“A son honors his father, and a servant his master. If then I am a father, where is my honor? And if I am a master, where is my fear? says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts to you, O priests, who despise my name. But you say, ‘How have we despised your name?’ By offering polluted food upon my altar. But you say, ‘How have we polluted you?’ By saying that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s table may be despised.</p> </div><h5>Malachi 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39001012.01-2">But you profane it when you say that the Lord's table is polluted, and its fruit, that is, its food may be despised.</p> </div><h5>Malachi 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39003014.01-3">You have said, ‘It is vain to serve God. What is the profit of our keeping his charge or of walking as in mourning before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 4:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09004003.01-1">And when the troops came to the camp, the elders of Israel said, “Why has the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> defeated us today before the Philistines? Let us bring the ark of the covenant of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> here from Shiloh, that it may come among us and save us from the power of our enemies.” So the people sent to Shiloh and brought from there the ark of the covenant of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts, who is enthroned on the cherubim. And the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, were there with the ark of the covenant of God.</p> <p id="p09004005.01-1">As soon as the ark of the covenant of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> came into the camp, all Israel gave a mighty shout, so that the earth resounded.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 7:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24007004.01-2">Do not trust in these deceptive words: ‘This is the temple of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the temple of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the temple of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.’</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 7:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24007009.01-3">Will you steal, murder, commit adultery, swear falsely, make offerings to Baal, and go after other gods that you have not known, and then come and stand before me in this house, which is called by my name, and say, ‘We are delivered!’—only to go on doing all these abominations?</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 7:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24007014.01-4">therefore I will do to the house that is called by my name, and in which you trust, and to the place that I gave to you and to your fathers, as I did to Shiloh.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 7:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24007031.01-5">And they have built the high places of Topheth, which is in the Valley of the Son of Hinnom, to burn their sons and their daughters in the fire, which I did not command, nor did it come into my mind.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 2:20-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002020.01-6">If with Christ you died to the elemental spirits of the world, why, as if you were still alive in the world, do you submit to regulations— “Do not handle, Do not taste, Do not touch” (referring to things that all perish as they are used)—according to human precepts and teachings?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Kings 18:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p12018030.01-1">Do not let Hezekiah make you trust in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> by saying, The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will surely deliver us, and this city will not be given into the hand of the king of Assyria.’</p> </div><h5>2 Kings 18:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p12018035.01-2">Who among all the gods of the lands have delivered their lands out of my hand, that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> should deliver Jerusalem out of my hand?’”</p> </div><h5>Exodus 5:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02005002.01-3">But Pharaoh said, “Who is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, that I should obey his voice and let Israel go? I do not know the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and moreover, I will not let Israel go.”</p> </div><h5>Psalm 139:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19139020.01-4">They speak against you with malicious intent;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your enemies take your name in vain!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 50:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19050016.01-1">But to the wicked God says:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“What right have you to recite my statutes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or take my covenant on your lips?<br/>  For you hate discipline,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you cast my words behind you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23005012.01-1">They have lyre and harp,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>tambourine and flute and wine at their feasts,<br/> but they do not regard the deeds of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or see the work of his hands.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Kings 19:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p12019022.01-1">“Whom have you mocked and reviled?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Against whom have you raised your voice<br/> and lifted your eyes to the heights?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Against the Holy One of Israel!</p> </div> </div><h5>Leviticus 24:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03024011.01-2">and the Israelite woman's son blasphemed the Name, and cursed. Then they brought him to Moses. His mother's name was Shelomith, the daughter of Dibri, of the tribe of Dan.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Zechariah 5:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p38005004.01-1">I will send it out, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts, and it shall enter the house of the thief, and the house of him who swears falsely by my name. And it shall remain in his house and consume it, both timber and stones.”</p> </div><h5>Zechariah 8:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p38008017.01-2">do not devise evil in your hearts against one another, and love no false oath, for all these things I hate, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 17:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09017043.01-1">And the Philistine said to David, “Am I a dog, that you come to me with sticks?” And the Philistine cursed David by his gods.</p> </div><h5>2 Samuel 16:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p10016005.04-2">When King David came to Bahurim, there came out a man of the family of the house of Saul, whose name was Shimei, the son of Gera, and as he came he cursed continually.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 5:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24005007.01-1">“How can I pardon you?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Your children have forsaken me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have sworn by those who are no gods.<br/> When I fed them to the full,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they committed adultery<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and trooped to the houses of whores.</p> </div> </div><h5>Jeremiah 23:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24023010.01-2">For the land is full of adulterers;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because of the curse the land mourns,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the pastures of the wilderness are dried up.<br/> Their course is evil,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their might is not right.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 23:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05023018.01-1">You shall not bring the fee of a prostitute or the wages of a dog into the house of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in payment for any vow, for both of these are an abomination to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God.</p> </div><h5>Acts 23:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44023012.06-2">When it was day, the Jews made a plot and bound themselves by an oath neither to eat nor drink till they had killed Paul.</p> </div><h5>Acts 23:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44023014.01-3">They went to the chief priests and elders and said, “We have strictly bound ourselves by an oath to taste no food till we have killed Paul.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Esther 3:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p17003007.01-1">In the first month, which is the month of Nisan, in the twelfth year of King Ahasuerus, they cast Pur (that is, they cast lots) before Haman day after day; and they cast it month after month till the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar.</p> </div><h5>Esther 9:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p17009024.01-2">For Haman the Agagite, the son of Hammedatha, the enemy of all the Jews, had plotted against the Jews to destroy them, and had cast Pur (that is, cast lots), to crush and to destroy them.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 22:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19022018.01-3">they divide my garments among them,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and for my clothing they cast lots.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 24:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19024004.01-1">He who has clean hands and a pure heart,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who does not lift up his soul to what is false<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and does not swear deceitfully.</p> </div> </div><h5>Ezekiel 17:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26017016.01-2">“As I live, declares the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>, surely in the place where the king dwells who made him king, whose oath he despised, and whose covenant with him he broke, in Babylon he shall die.</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 17:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26017018.01-3">He despised the oath in breaking the covenant, and behold, he gave his hand and did all these things; he shall not escape. Therefore thus says the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>: As I live, surely it is my oath that he despised, and my covenant that he broke. I will return it upon his head.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 6:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41006026.01-1">And the king was exceedingly sorry, but because of his oaths and his guests he did not want to break his word to her.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 25:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09025022.01-2">God do so to the enemies of David and more also, if by morning I leave so much as one male of all who belong to him.”</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 25:32-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09025032.01-3">And David said to Abigail, “Blessed be the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel, who sent you this day to meet me! Blessed be your discretion, and blessed be you, who have kept me this day from bloodguilt and from avenging myself with my own hand! For as surely as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel, lives, who has restrained me from hurting you, unless you had hurried and come to meet me, truly by morning there had not been left to Nabal so much as one male.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 9:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009014.01-1">What shall we say then? Is there injustice on God's part? By no means!</p> </div><h5>Romans 9:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009019.01-2">You will say to me then, “Why does he still find fault? For who can resist his will?” But who are you, O man, to answer back to God? Will what is molded say to its molder, “Why have you made me like this?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 29:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05029029.01-1">“The secret things belong to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, but the things that are revealed belong to us and to our children forever, that we may do all the words of this law.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc19"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p45003005.01-1">But if our unrighteousness serves to show the righteousness of God, what shall we say? That God is unrighteous to inflict wrath on us? (I speak in a human way.)</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003007.01-2">But if through my lie God's truth abounds to his glory, why am I still being condemned as a sinner?</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45006001.07-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45006001-3">6:1 </span>What shall we say then? Are we to continue in sin that grace may abound? By no means! How can we who died to sin still live in it?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc20"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ecclesiastes 8:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21008011.01-1">Because the sentence against an evil deed is not executed speedily, the heart of the children of man is fully set to do evil.</p> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 9:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21009003.01-2">This is an evil in all that is done under the sun, that the same event happens to all. Also, the hearts of the children of man are full of evil, and madness is in their hearts while they live, and after that they go to the dead.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 39</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19039001.17-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19039001-3">39:1 </span>I said, “I will guard my ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may not sin with my tongue;<br/> I will guard my mouth with a muzzle,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so long as the wicked are in my presence.”<br/>  I was mute and silent;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I held my peace to no avail,<br/> and my distress grew worse.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>My heart became hot within me.<br/> As I mused, the fire burned;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>then I spoke with my tongue:</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19039004.01-3">“O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, make me know my end<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and what is the measure of my days;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let me know how fleeting I am!<br/>  Behold, you have made my days a few handbreadths,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my lifetime is as nothing before you.<br/> Surely all mankind stands as a mere breath! <span class="selah">Selah</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>Surely a man goes about as a shadow!<br/> Surely for nothing they are in turmoil;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>man heaps up wealth and does not know who will gather!</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19039007.01-3">“And now, O Lord, for what do I wait?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>My hope is in you.<br/>  Deliver me from all my transgressions.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Do not make me the scorn of the fool!<br/>  I am mute; I do not open my mouth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for it is you who have done it.<br/>  Remove your stroke from me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I am spent by the hostility of your hand.<br/>  When you discipline a man<br/> <span class="indent"></span>with rebukes for sin,<br/> you consume like a moth what is dear to him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>surely all mankind is a mere breath! <span class="selah">Selah</span></p> <p class="line-group" id="p19039012.01-3">“Hear my prayer, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and give ear to my cry;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>hold not your peace at my tears!<br/> For I am a sojourner with you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a guest, like all my fathers.<br/>  Look away from me, that I may smile again,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>before I depart and am no more!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc21"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005021.02-1"><span class="woc">“You have heard that it was said to those of old, ‘You shall not murder; and whoever murders will be liable to judgment.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment; whoever insults his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, ‘You fool!’ will be liable to the hell of fire.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005027.02-2"><span class="woc">“You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall not commit adultery.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who looks at a woman with lustful intent has already committed adultery with her in his heart.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:31-35</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005031.02-3"><span class="woc">“It was also said, ‘Whoever divorces his wife, let him give her a certificate of divorce.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who divorces his wife, except on the ground of sexual immorality, makes her commit adultery, and whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery.</span></p> <p id="p40005033.02-3"><span class="woc">“Again you have heard that it was said to those of old, ‘You shall not swear falsely, but shall perform to the Lord what you have sworn.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you, Do not take an oath at all, either by heaven, for it is the throne of God,</span> <span class="woc">or by the earth, for it is his footstool, or by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the great King.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:38-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005038.02-4"><span class="woc">“You have heard that it was said, ‘An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you, Do not resist the one who is evil. But if anyone slaps you on the right cheek, turn to him the other also.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:43-44</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005043.04-5"><span class="woc">“You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you,</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc22"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 13:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26013022.01-1">Because you have disheartened the righteous falsely, although I have not grieved him, and you have encouraged the wicked, that he should not turn from his evil way to save his life,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc23"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Peter 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61003016.01-1">as he does in all his letters when he speaks in them of these matters. There are some things in them that are hard to understand, which the ignorant and unstable twist to their own destruction, as they do the other Scriptures.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 22:24-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40022024.01-2">saying, “Teacher, Moses said, ‘If a man dies having no children, his brother must marry the widow and raise up children for his brother.’ Now there were seven brothers among us. The first married and died, and having no children left his wife to his brother. So too the second and third, down to the seventh. After them all, the woman died. In the resurrection, therefore, of the seven, whose wife will she be? For they all had her.”</p> <p id="p40022029.01-2">But Jesus answered them, <span class="woc">“You are wrong, because you know neither the Scriptures nor the power of God.</span> <span class="woc">For in the resurrection they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are like angels in heaven.</span> <span class="woc">And as for the resurrection of the dead, have you not read what was said to you by God:</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc24"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 22:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23022013.01-1">and behold, joy and gladness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>killing oxen and slaughtering sheep,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>eating flesh and drinking wine.<br/> “Let us eat and drink,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for tomorrow we die.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Jeremiah 23:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24023034.01-2">And as for the prophet, priest, or one of the people who says, ‘The burden of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,’ I will punish that man and his household.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 23:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24023036.01-3">But ‘the burden of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>’ you shall mention no more, for the burden is every man's own word, and you pervert the words of the living God, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts, our God.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 23:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24023038.01-4">But if you say, ‘The burden of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,’ thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, ‘Because you have said these words, “The burden of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,” when I sent to you, saying, “You shall not say, ‘The burden of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,’”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc25"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54001004.01-1">nor to devote themselves to myths and endless genealogies, which promote speculations rather than the stewardship from God that is by faith.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 1:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54001006.01-2">Certain persons, by swerving from these, have wandered away into vain discussion, desiring to be teachers of the law, without understanding either what they are saying or the things about which they make confident assertions.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 6:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006004.01-3">he is puffed up with conceit and understands nothing. He has an unhealthy craving for controversy and for quarrels about words, which produce envy, dissension, slander, evil suspicions, and constant friction among people who are depraved in mind and deprived of the truth, imagining that godliness is a means of gain.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 6:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006020.01-4">O Timothy, guard the deposit entrusted to you. Avoid the irreverent babble and contradictions of what is falsely called “knowledge,”</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p55002014.06-5">Remind them of these things, and charge them before God not to quarrel about words, which does no good, but only ruins the hearers.</p> </div><h5>Titus 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003009.01-6">But avoid foolish controversies, genealogies, dissensions, and quarrels about the law, for they are unprofitable and worthless.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc26"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 18:10-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05018010.01-1">There shall not be found among you anyone who burns his son or his daughter as an offering, anyone who practices divination or tells fortunes or interprets omens, or a sorcerer or a charmer or a medium or a necromancer or one who inquires of the dead, for whoever does these things is an abomination to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. And because of these abominations the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is driving them out before you. You shall be blameless before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, for these nations, which you are about to dispossess, listen to fortune-tellers and to diviners. But as for you, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has not allowed you to do this.</p> </div><h5>Acts 19:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44019013.01-2">Then some of the itinerant Jewish exorcists undertook to invoke the name of the Lord Jesus over those who had evil spirits, saying, “I adjure you by the Jesus whom Paul proclaims.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc27"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 4:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55004003.01-1">For the time is coming when people will not endure sound teaching, but having itching ears they will accumulate for themselves teachers to suit their own passions, and will turn away from listening to the truth and wander off into myths.</p> </div><h5>1 Kings 21:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11021009.01-2">And she wrote in the letters, “Proclaim a fast, and set Naboth at the head of the people. And set two worthless men opposite him, and let them bring a charge against him, saying, ‘You have cursed God and the king.’ Then take him out and stone him to death.”</p> </div><h5>Jude 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p65001004.01-3">For certain people have crept in unnoticed who long ago were designated for this condemnation, ungodly people, who pervert the grace of our God into sensuality and deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.</p> </div><h5>Romans 13:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45013013.01-4">Let us walk properly as in the daytime, not in orgies and drunkenness, not in sexual immorality and sensuality, not in quarreling and jealousy. But put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh, to gratify its desires.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc28"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 13:45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44013045.01-1">But when the Jews saw the crowds, they were filled with jealousy and began to contradict what was spoken by Paul, reviling him.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003012.01-2">We should not be like Cain, who was of the evil one and murdered his brother. And why did he murder him? Because his own deeds were evil and his brother's righteous.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc29"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 1:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19001001.11-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19001001-1">1:1 </span>Blessed is the man<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who walks not in the counsel of the wicked,<br/> nor stands in the way of sinners,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor sits in the seat of scoffers;</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Peter 3:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61003003.01-2">knowing this first of all, that scoffers will come in the last days with scoffing, following their own sinful desires.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc30"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60004004.01-1">With respect to this they are surprised when you do not join them in the same flood of debauchery, and they malign you;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc31"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 13:45-46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44013045.01-1">But when the Jews saw the crowds, they were filled with jealousy and began to contradict what was spoken by Paul, reviling him. And Paul and Barnabas spoke out boldly, saying, “It was necessary that the word of God be spoken first to you. Since you thrust it aside and judge yourselves unworthy of eternal life, behold, we are turning to the Gentiles.</p> </div><h5>Acts 13:50</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44013050.01-2">But the Jews incited the devout women of high standing and the leading men of the city, stirred up persecution against Paul and Barnabas, and drove them out of their district.</p> </div><h5>Acts 4:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44004018.01-3">So they called them and charged them not to speak or teach at all in the name of Jesus.</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 2:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52002016.01-4">by hindering us from speaking to the Gentiles that they might be saved—so as always to fill up the measure of their sins. But God's wrath has come upon them at last!</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 10:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010029.01-5">How much worse punishment, do you think, will be deserved by the one who has spurned the Son of God, and has profaned the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified, and has outraged the Spirit of grace?</p> </div><h5>Acts 19:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44019009.01-6">But when some became stubborn and continued in unbelief, speaking evil of the Way before the congregation, he withdrew from them and took the disciples with him, reasoning daily in the hall of Tyrannus.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc32"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>having the appearance of godliness, but denying its power. Avoid such people.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 23:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“But woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you shut the kingdom of heaven in people’s faces. For you neither enter yourselves nor allow those who would enter to go in.</span> <span class="woc">Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you travel across sea and land to make a single proselyte, and when he becomes a proselyte, you make him twice as much a child of hell as yourselves.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 6:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Beware of practicing your righteousness before other people in order to be seen by them, for then you will have no reward from your Father who is in heaven.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“Thus, when you give to the needy, sound no trumpet before you, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may be praised by others. Truly, I say to you, they have received their reward.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 6:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“And when you pray, you must not be like the hypocrites. For they love to stand and pray in the synagogues and at the street corners, that they may be seen by others. Truly, I say to you, they have received their reward.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 6:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“And when you fast, do not look gloomy like the hypocrites, for they disfigure their faces that their fasting may be seen by others. Truly, I say to you, they have received their reward.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc33"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 8:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41008038.01-1"><span class="woc">For whoever is ashamed of me and of my words in this adulterous and sinful generation, of him will the Son of Man also be ashamed when he comes in the glory of his Father with the holy angels.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc34"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 73:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19073014.01-1">For all the day long I have been stricken<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and rebuked every morning.<br/>  If I had said, “I will speak thus,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I would have betrayed the generation of your children.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc35"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 5:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005015.01-1">Look carefully then how you walk, not as unwise but as wise, making the best use of the time, because the days are evil. Therefore do not be foolish, but understand what the will of the Lord is.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 6:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46006005.01-2">I say this to your shame. Can it be that there is no one among you wise enough to settle a dispute between the brothers, but brother goes to law against brother, and that before unbelievers?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc36"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 5:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23005004.01-1">What more was there to do for my vineyard,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I have not done in it?<br/> When I looked for it to yield grapes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>why did it yield wild grapes?</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Peter 1:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61001008.01-2">For if these qualities are yours and are increasing, they keep you from being ineffective or unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ. For whoever lacks these qualities is so nearsighted that he is blind, having forgotten that he was cleansed from his former sins.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc37"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 2:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002023.01-1">You who boast in the law dishonor God by breaking the law. For, as it is written, “The name of God is blasphemed among the Gentiles because of you.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc38"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p48003001.09-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v48003001-1">3:1 </span>O foolish Galatians! Who has bewitched you? It was before your eyes that Jesus Christ was publicly portrayed as crucified.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003003.01-2">Are you so foolish? Having begun by the Spirit, are you now being perfected by the flesh?</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 6:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006006.01-3">and then have fallen away, to restore them again to repentance, since they are crucifying once again the Son of God to their own harm and holding him up to contempt.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 54 + WLC 112 — What is required in the third commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/20</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 54.</span> What is required in the third commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The third commandment requireth the holy and reverent use of God's names, titles,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> attributes,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> ordinances,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> Word,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup> and works.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc5">5</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 112.</span> What is required in the third commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The third commandment requires, that the name of God, his titles, attributes,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">6</sup> ordinances,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">7</sup> the Word,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">8</sup> sacraments,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">9</sup> prayer,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">10</sup> oaths,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">11</sup> vows,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">12</sup> lots,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">13</sup> his works,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">14</sup> and whatsoever else there is whereby he makes himself known, be holily and reverently used in thought,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">15</sup> meditation,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">16</sup> word,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">17</sup> and writing;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">18</sup> by an holy profession,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">19</sup> and answerable conversation,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">20</sup> to the glory of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">21</sup> and the good of ourselves,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">22</sup> and others.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc18">23</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 10:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05010020.01-1">You shall fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. You shall serve him and hold fast to him, and by his name you shall swear.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 29:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19029002.01-2">Ascribe to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> the glory due his name;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>worship the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in the splendor of holiness.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 6:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006009.01-3"><span class="woc">Pray then like this:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006009.05-3"><span class="woc">“Our Father in heaven,<br/> hallowed be your name.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Chronicles 29:10-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p13029010.06-1">Therefore David blessed the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in the presence of all the assembly. And David said: “Blessed are you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel our father, forever and ever. Yours, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, is the greatness and the power and the glory and the victory and the majesty, for all that is in the heavens and in the earth is yours. Yours is the kingdom, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and you are exalted as head above all. Both riches and honor come from you, and you rule over all. In your hand are power and might, and in your hand it is to make great and to give strength to all. And now we thank you, our God, and praise your glorious name.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 15:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66015003.01-2">And they sing the song of Moses, the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66015003.19-2">“Great and amazing are your deeds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O Lord God the Almighty!<br/> Just and true are your ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O King of the nations!<br/>  Who will not fear, O Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and glorify your name?<br/> For you alone are holy.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>All nations will come<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and worship you,<br/> for your righteous acts have been revealed.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44002042.06-1">And they devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011027.01-2">Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty concerning the body and blood of the Lord. Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 138:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19138002.01-1">I bow down toward your holy temple<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and give thanks to your name for your steadfast love and your faithfulness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you have exalted above all things<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your name and your word.</p> </div> </div><h5>Revelation 22:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66022018.01-2">I warn everyone who hears the words of the prophecy of this book: if anyone adds to them, God will add to him the plagues described in this book, and if anyone takes away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God will take away his share in the tree of life and in the holy city, which are described in this book.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 107:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19107021.01-1">Let them thank the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> for his steadfast love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his wondrous works to the children of man!<br/>  And let them offer sacrifices of thanksgiving,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and tell of his deeds in songs of joy!</p> </div> </div><h5>Revelation 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66004011.01-2">“Worthy are you, our Lord and God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to receive glory and honor and power,<br/> for you created all things,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by your will they existed and were created.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006009.01-1"><span class="woc">Pray then like this:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006009.05-1"><span class="woc">“Our Father in heaven,<br/> hallowed be your name.</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 28:58</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05028058.01-2">“If you are not careful to do all the words of this law that are written in this book, that you may fear this glorious and awesome name, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 68:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19068004.01-3">Sing to God, sing praises to his name;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>lift up a song to him who rides through the deserts;<br/> his name is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>exult before him!</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 29:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19029002.01-4">Ascribe to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> the glory due his name;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>worship the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in the splendor of holiness.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Chronicles 29:10-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p13029010.06-5">Therefore David blessed the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in the presence of all the assembly. And David said: “Blessed are you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel our father, forever and ever. Yours, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, is the greatness and the power and the glory and the victory and the majesty, for all that is in the heavens and in the earth is yours. Yours is the kingdom, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and you are exalted as head above all. Both riches and honor come from you, and you rule over all. In your hand are power and might, and in your hand it is to make great and to give strength to all. And now we thank you, our God, and praise your glorious name.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 15:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66015003.01-6">And they sing the song of Moses, the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66015003.19-6">“Great and amazing are your deeds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O Lord God the Almighty!<br/> Just and true are your ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O King of the nations!<br/>  Who will not fear, O Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and glorify your name?<br/> For you alone are holy.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>All nations will come<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and worship you,<br/> for your righteous acts have been revealed.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ecclesiastes 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p21005001.03-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v21005001-1">5:1 </span> Guard your steps when you go to the house of God. To draw near to listen is better than to offer the sacrifice of fools, for they do not know that they are doing evil.</p> </div><h5>Luke 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42001006.01-2">And they were both righteous before God, walking blamelessly in all the commandments and statutes of the Lord.</p> </div><h5>Malachi 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39001011.01-3">For from the rising of the sun to its setting my name will be great among the nations, and in every place incense will be offered to my name, and a pure offering. For my name will be great among the nations, says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts.</p> </div><h5>Malachi 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39001014.01-4">Cursed be the cheat who has a male in his flock, and vows it, and yet sacrifices to the Lord what is blemished. For I am a great King, says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts, and my name will be feared among the nations.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 138:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19138002.01-1">I bow down toward your holy temple<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and give thanks to your name for your steadfast love and your faithfulness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you have exalted above all things<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your name and your word.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011024.01-1">and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011028.01-2">Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54002008.01-1">I desire then that in every place the men should pray, lifting holy hands without anger or quarreling;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24004002.01-1">and if you swear, ‘As the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> lives,’<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in truth, in justice, and in righteousness,<br/> then nations shall bless themselves in him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and in him shall they glory.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ecclesiastes 5:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21005002.01-1"> Be not rash with your mouth, nor let your heart be hasty to utter a word before God, for God is in heaven and you are on earth. Therefore let your words be few.</p> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 5:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21005004.01-2">When you vow a vow to God, do not delay paying it, for he has no pleasure in fools. Pay what you vow. It is better that you should not vow than that you should vow and not pay. Let not your mouth lead you into sin, and do not say before the messenger that it was a mistake. Why should God be angry at your voice and destroy the work of your hands?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 1:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44001024.01-1">And they prayed and said, “You, Lord, who know the hearts of all, show which one of these two you have chosen</p> </div><h5>Acts 1:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44001026.01-2">And they cast lots for them, and the lot fell on Matthias, and he was numbered with the eleven apostles.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Job 36:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18036024.01-1">“Remember to extol his work,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>of which men have sung.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Malachi 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p39003016.05-1">Then those who feared the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke with one another. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> paid attention and heard them, and a book of remembrance was written before him of those who feared the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and esteemed his name.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 8:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19008001.17-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19008001-1">8:1 </span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, our Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>how majestic is your name in all the earth!<br/> You have set your glory above the heavens.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 8:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19008003.01-2">When I look at your heavens, the work of your fingers,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the moon and the stars, which you have set in place,<br/>  what is man that you are mindful of him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the son of man that you care for him?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 105:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19105002.01-1">Sing to him, sing praises to him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>tell of all his wondrous works!</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 105:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19105005.01-2">Remember the wondrous works that he has done,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his miracles, and the judgments he uttered,</p> </div> </div><h5>Colossians 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003017.01-3">And whatever you do, in word or deed, do everything in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 102:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19102018.01-1">Let this be recorded for a generation to come,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so that a people yet to be created may praise the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>:  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60003015.01-1">but in your hearts honor Christ the Lord as holy, always being prepared to make a defense to anyone who asks you for a reason for the hope that is in you; yet do it with gentleness and respect,</p> </div><h5>Micah 4:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p33004005.01-2">For all the peoples walk<br/> <span class="indent"></span>each in the name of its god,<br/> but we will walk in the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God<br/> <span class="indent"></span>forever and ever.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 1:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50001027.01-1">Only let your manner of life be worthy of the gospel of Christ, so that whether I come and see you or am absent, I may hear of you that you are standing firm in one spirit, with one mind striving side by side for the faith of the gospel,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010031.01-1">So, whether you eat or drink, or whatever you do, do all to the glory of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 32:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24032039.01-1">I will give them one heart and one way, that they may fear me forever, for their own good and the good of their children after them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002012.01-1">Keep your conduct among the Gentiles honorable, so that when they speak against you as evildoers, they may see your good deeds and glorify God on the day of visitation.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 20 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 53 + WLC 111 — Which is the third commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/19</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 53.</span> Which is the third commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The third commandment is, Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain: for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 111.</span> Which is the third commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The third commandment is, Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain; for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020007.01-1">“You shall not take the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in vain, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005011.01-2">“‘You shall not take the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in vain, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020007.01-1">“You shall not take the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in vain, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005011.01-2">“‘You shall not take the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in vain, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 19 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 52 + WLC 110 — What are the reasons annexed to the second commandment, the more to enforce it?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/18</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 52.</span> What are the reasons annexed to the second commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The reasons annexed to the second commandment are, God's sovereignty over us,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> his propriety in us,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> and the zeal he hath to his own worship.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 110.</span> What are the reasons annexed to the second commandment, the more to enforce it?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The reasons annexed to the second commandment, the more to enforce it, contained in these words, For I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; and shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">4</sup> are, besides God's sovereignty over us, and propriety in us,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">5</sup> his fervent zeal for his own worship,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">6</sup> and his revengeful indignation against all false worship, as being a spiritual whoredom;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">7</sup> accounting the breakers of this commandment such as hate him, and threatening to punish them unto divers generations;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">8</sup> and esteeming the observers of it such as love him and keep his commandments, and promising mercy to them unto many generations.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 95:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19095002.01-1">Let us come into his presence with thanksgiving;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let us make a joyful noise to him with songs of praise!<br/>  For the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is a great God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a great King above all gods.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 95:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19095006.01-2">Oh come, let us worship and bow down;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let us kneel before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, our Maker!<br/>  For he is our God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and we are the people of his pasture,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the sheep of his hand.<br/> Today, if you hear his voice,</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 96:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19096009.01-3">Worship the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in the splendor of holiness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>tremble before him, all the earth!</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19096010.01-3">Say among the nations, “The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> reigns!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Yes, the world is established; it shall never be moved;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he will judge the peoples with equity.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 19:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02019005.01-1">Now therefore, if you will indeed obey my voice and keep my covenant, you shall be my treasured possession among all peoples, for all the earth is mine;</p> </div><h5>Psalm 45:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19045011.01-2"><span class="indent"></span>and the king will desire your beauty.<br/> Since he is your lord, bow to him.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 54:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23054005.01-3">For your Maker is your husband,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts is his name;<br/> and the Holy One of Israel is your Redeemer,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the God of the whole earth he is called.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 34:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02034014.01-1">(for you shall worship no other god, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God),</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010022.01-2">Shall we provoke the Lord to jealousy? Are we stronger than he?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020005.01-1">You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 45:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19045011.01-1"><span class="indent"></span>and the king will desire your beauty.<br/> Since he is your lord, bow to him.</p> </div> </div><h5>Revelation 15:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66015003.01-2">And they sing the song of Moses, the servant of God, and the song of the Lamb, saying,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66015003.19-2">“Great and amazing are your deeds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O Lord God the Almighty!<br/> Just and true are your ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O King of the nations!<br/>  Who will not fear, O Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and glorify your name?<br/> For you alone are holy.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>All nations will come<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and worship you,<br/> for your righteous acts have been revealed.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 95:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19095002.01-3">Let us come into his presence with thanksgiving;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let us make a joyful noise to him with songs of praise!<br/>  For the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is a great God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a great King above all gods.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 95:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19095006.01-4">Oh come, let us worship and bow down;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let us kneel before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, our Maker!<br/>  For he is our God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and we are the people of his pasture,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the sheep of his hand.<br/> Today, if you hear his voice,</p> </div> </div><h5>Exodus 19:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02019005.01-5">Now therefore, if you will indeed obey my voice and keep my covenant, you shall be my treasured possession among all peoples, for all the earth is mine;</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 54:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23054005.01-6">For your Maker is your husband,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts is his name;<br/> and the Holy One of Israel is your Redeemer,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the God of the whole earth he is called.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 34:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02034013.01-1">You shall tear down their altars and break their pillars and cut down their Asherim (for you shall worship no other god, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, whose name is Jealous, is a jealous God),  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:20-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010020.01-1">No, I imply that what pagans sacrifice they offer to demons and not to God. I do not want you to be participants with demons. You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons. You cannot partake of the table of the Lord and the table of demons. Shall we provoke the Lord to jealousy? Are we stronger than he?</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 16:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26016026.01-2">You also played the whore with the Egyptians, your lustful neighbors, multiplying your whoring, to provoke me to anger. Behold, therefore, I stretched out my hand against you and diminished your allotted portion and delivered you to the greed of your enemies, the daughters of the Philistines, who were ashamed of your lewd behavior.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 7:18-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24007018.01-3">The children gather wood, the fathers kindle fire, and the women knead dough, to make cakes for the queen of heaven. And they pour out drink offerings to other gods, to provoke me to anger. Is it I whom they provoke? declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. Is it not themselves, to their own shame? Therefore thus says the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>: behold, my anger and my wrath will be poured out on this place, upon man and beast, upon the trees of the field and the fruit of the ground; it will burn and not be quenched.”</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 32:16-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p05032016.01-4">They stirred him to jealousy with strange gods;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>with abominations they provoked him to anger.<br/>  They sacrificed to demons that were no gods,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to gods they had never known,<br/> to new gods that had come recently,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>whom your fathers had never dreaded.<br/>  You were unmindful of the Rock that bore you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you forgot the God who gave you birth.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p05032019.01-4">“The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> saw it and spurned them,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because of the provocation of his sons and his daughters.<br/>  And he said, ‘I will hide my face from them;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will see what their end will be,<br/> For they are a perverse generation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>children in whom is no faithfulness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hosea 2:2-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p28002002.01-1">“Plead with your mother, plead—<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for she is not my wife,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I am not her husband—<br/> that she put away her whoring from her face,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and her adultery from between her breasts;<br/>  lest I strip her naked<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and make her as in the day she was born,<br/> and make her like a wilderness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and make her like a parched land,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and kill her with thirst.<br/>  Upon her children also I will have no mercy,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because they are children of whoredom.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 5:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005029.01-1">Oh that they had such a mind as this always, to fear me and to keep all my commandments, that it might go well with them and with their descendants forever!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 18 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>WSC 51 + WLC 109 — What sins are forbidden in the second commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/17</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 51.</span> What is forbidden in the second commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The second commandment forbiddeth the worshiping of God by images,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> or any other way not appointed in his Word.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 109.</span> What are the sins forbidden in the second commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sins forbidden in the second commandment are, all devising,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> counseling,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> commanding,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup> using,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">6</sup> and anywise approving, any religious worship not instituted by God himself;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">7</sup> the making any representation of God, of all or of any of the three persons, either inwardly in our mind, or outwardly in any kind of image or likeness of any creature whatsoever;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">8</sup> all worshiping of it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">9</sup> or God in it or by it;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">10</sup> the making of any representation of feigned deities,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">11</sup> and all worship of them, or service belonging to them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">12</sup> all superstitious devices,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">13</sup> corrupting the worship of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">14</sup> adding to it, or taking from it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">15</sup> whether invented and taken up of ourselves,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">16</sup> or received by tradition from others,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">17</sup> though under the title of antiquity,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">18</sup> custom,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">19</sup> devotion,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc18">20</sup> good intent, or any other pretense whatsoever;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc19">21</sup> simony;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc20">22</sup> sacrilege;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc21">23</sup> all neglect,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc22">24</sup> contempt,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc23">25</sup> hindering,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc24">26</sup> and opposing the worship and ordinances which God hath appointed.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc25">27</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 4:15-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05004015.03-1">“Therefore watch yourselves very carefully. Since you saw no form on the day that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke to you at Horeb out of the midst of the fire, beware lest you act corruptly by making a carved image for yourselves, in the form of any figure, the likeness of male or female, the likeness of any animal that is on the earth, the likeness of any winged bird that flies in the air, the likeness of anything that creeps on the ground, the likeness of any fish that is in the water under the earth. And beware lest you raise your eyes to heaven, and when you see the sun and the moon and the stars, all the host of heaven, you be drawn away and bow down to them and serve them, things that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has allotted to all the peoples under the whole heaven.</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001022.01-2">Claiming to be wise, they became fools, and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images resembling mortal man and birds and animals and creeping things.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 10:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p03010001.07-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v03010001-1">10:1 </span>Now Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, each took his censer and put fire in it and laid incense on it and offered unauthorized fire before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, which he had not commanded them. And fire came out from before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and consumed them, and they died before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 19:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24019004.01-2">Because the people have forsaken me and have profaned this place by making offerings in it to other gods whom neither they nor their fathers nor the kings of Judah have known; and because they have filled this place with the blood of innocents, and have built the high places of Baal to burn their sons in the fire as burnt offerings to Baal, which I did not command or decree, nor did it come into my mind—</p> </div><h5>Colossians 2:18-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002018.01-3">Let no one disqualify you, insisting on asceticism and worship of angels, going on in detail about visions, puffed up without reason by his sensuous mind, and not holding fast to the Head, from whom the whole body, nourished and knit together through its joints and ligaments, grows with a growth that is from God.</p> <p id="p51002020.01-3">If with Christ you died to the elemental spirits of the world, why, as if you were still alive in the world, do you submit to regulations— “Do not handle, Do not taste, Do not touch” (referring to things that all perish as they are used)—according to human precepts and teachings? These have indeed an appearance of wisdom in promoting self-made religion and asceticism and severity to the body, but they are of no value in stopping the indulgence of the flesh.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Numbers 15:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p04015039.01-1">And it shall be a tassel for you to look at and remember all the commandments of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, to do them, not to follow after your own heart and your own eyes, which you are inclined to whore after.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 13:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05013006.01-1">“If your brother, the son of your mother, or your son or your daughter or the wife you embrace or your friend who is as your own soul entices you secretly, saying, ‘Let us go and serve other gods,’ which neither you nor your fathers have known, some of the gods of the peoples who are around you, whether near you or far off from you, from the one end of the earth to the other, you shall not yield to him or listen to him, nor shall your eye pity him, nor shall you spare him, nor shall you conceal him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hosea 5:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p28005011.01-1">Ephraim is oppressed, crushed in judgment,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because he was determined to go after filth.</p> </div> </div><h5>Micah 6:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p33006016.01-2">For you have kept the statutes of Omri,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all the works of the house of Ahab;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you have walked in their counsels,<br/> that I may make you a desolation, and your inhabitants a hissing;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so you shall bear the scorn of my people.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Kings 11:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11011033.01-1">because they have forsaken me and worshiped Ashtoreth the goddess of the Sidonians, Chemosh the god of Moab, and Milcom the god of the Ammonites, and they have not walked in my ways, doing what is right in my sight and keeping my statutes and my rules, as David his father did.</p> </div><h5>1 Kings 12:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11012033.01-2">He went up to the altar that he had made in Bethel on the fifteenth day in the eighth month, in the month that he had devised from his own heart. And he instituted a feast for the people of Israel and went up to the altar to make offerings.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 12:30-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05012030.01-1">take care that you be not ensnared to follow them, after they have been destroyed before you, and that you do not inquire about their gods, saying, ‘How did these nations serve their gods?—that I also may do the same.’ You shall not worship the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in that way, for every abominable thing that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> hates they have done for their gods, for they even burn their sons and their daughters in the fire to their gods.</p> <p id="p05012032.01-1"> “Everything that I command you, you shall be careful to do. You shall not add to it or take from it.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 10:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p03010001.07-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v03010001-2">10:1 </span>Now Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, each took his censer and put fire in it and laid incense on it and offered unauthorized fire before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, which he had not commanded them. And fire came out from before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and consumed them, and they died before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 19:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24019005.01-3">and have built the high places of Baal to burn their sons in the fire as burnt offerings to Baal, which I did not command or decree, nor did it come into my mind—  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 4:15-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05004015.03-1">“Therefore watch yourselves very carefully. Since you saw no form on the day that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke to you at Horeb out of the midst of the fire, beware lest you act corruptly by making a carved image for yourselves, in the form of any figure, the likeness of male or female, the likeness of any animal that is on the earth, the likeness of any winged bird that flies in the air, the likeness of anything that creeps on the ground, the likeness of any fish that is in the water under the earth. And beware lest you raise your eyes to heaven, and when you see the sun and the moon and the stars, all the host of heaven, you be drawn away and bow down to them and serve them, things that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has allotted to all the peoples under the whole heaven.</p> </div><h5>Acts 17:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p44017029.01-2">Being then God's offspring, we ought not to think that the divine being is like gold or silver or stone, an image formed by the art and imagination of man.</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:21-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001021.01-3">For although they knew God, they did not honor him as God or give thanks to him, but they became futile in their thinking, and their foolish hearts were darkened. Claiming to be wise, they became fools, and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images resembling mortal man and birds and animals and creeping things.</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001025.01-4">because they exchanged the truth about God for a lie and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 4:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p48004008.06-1">Formerly, when you did not know God, you were enslaved to those that by nature are not gods.</p> </div><h5>Daniel 3:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27003018.01-2">But if not, be it known to you, O king, that we will not serve your gods or worship the golden image that you have set up.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 32:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02032005.01-1">When Aaron saw this, he built an altar before it. And Aaron made proclamation and said, “Tomorrow shall be a feast to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 32:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02032008.01-1">They have turned aside quickly out of the way that I commanded them. They have made for themselves a golden calf and have worshiped it and sacrificed to it and said, ‘These are your gods, O Israel, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt!’”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Kings 18:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11018026.01-1">And they took the bull that was given them, and they prepared it and called upon the name of Baal from morning until noon, saying, “O Baal, answer us!” But there was no voice, and no one answered. And they limped around the altar that they had made.</p> </div><h5>1 Kings 18:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11018028.01-2">And they cried aloud and cut themselves after their custom with swords and lances, until the blood gushed out upon them.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 65:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23065011.01-3">But you who forsake the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who forget my holy mountain,<br/> who set a table for Fortune<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and fill cups of mixed wine for Destiny,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 17:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44017022.05-1">So Paul, standing in the midst of the Areopagus, said: “Men of Athens, I perceive that in every way you are very religious.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 2:21-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002021.01-2">“Do not handle, Do not taste, Do not touch” (referring to things that all perish as they are used)—according to human precepts and teachings? These have indeed an appearance of wisdom in promoting self-made religion and asceticism and severity to the body, but they are of no value in stopping the indulgence of the flesh.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Malachi 1:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39001007.01-1">By offering polluted food upon my altar. But you say, ‘How have we polluted you?’ By saying that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s table may be despised. When you offer blind animals in sacrifice, is that not evil? And when you offer those that are lame or sick, is that not evil? Present that to your governor; will he accept you or show you favor? says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts.</p> </div><h5>Malachi 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39001014.01-2">Cursed be the cheat who has a male in his flock, and vows it, and yet sacrifices to the Lord what is blemished. For I am a great King, says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts, and my name will be feared among the nations.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05004002.01-1">You shall not add to the word that I command you, nor take from it, that you may keep the commandments of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God that I command you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 106:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19106039.01-1">Thus they became unclean by their acts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and played the whore in their deeds.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 15:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40015009.01-1"><span class="woc">in vain do they worship me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.’”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001018.01-1">knowing that you were ransomed from the futile ways inherited from your forefathers, not with perishable things such as silver or gold,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 44:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24044017.01-1">But we will do everything that we have vowed, make offerings to the queen of heaven and pour out drink offerings to her, as we did, both we and our fathers, our kings and our officials, in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem. For then we had plenty of food, and prospered, and saw no disaster.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 65:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23065003.01-1">a people who provoke me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to my face continually,<br/> sacrificing in gardens<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and making offerings on bricks;<br/>  who sit in tombs,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and spend the night in secret places;<br/> who eat pig's flesh,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and broth of tainted meat is in their vessels;<br/>  who say, “Keep to yourself,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>do not come near me, for I am too holy for you.”<br/> These are a smoke in my nostrils,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a fire that burns all the day.</p> </div> </div><h5>Galatians 1:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48001013.01-2">For you have heard of my former life in Judaism, how I persecuted the church of God violently and tried to destroy it. And I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my own age among my people, so extremely zealous was I for the traditions of my fathers.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc19"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 13:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09013011.01-1">Samuel said, “What have you done?” And Saul said, “When I saw that the people were scattering from me, and that you did not come within the days appointed, and that the Philistines had mustered at Michmash, I said, ‘Now the Philistines will come down against me at Gilgal, and I have not sought the favor of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.’ So I forced myself, and offered the burnt offering.”</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 15:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09015021.01-2">But the people took of the spoil, sheep and oxen, the best of the things devoted to destruction, to sacrifice to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in Gilgal.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc20"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 8:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008018.01-1">Now when Simon saw that the Spirit was given through the laying on of the apostles' hands, he offered them money, saying, “Give me this power also, so that anyone on whom I lay my hands may receive the Holy Spirit.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc21"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 2:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002022.01-1">You who say that one must not commit adultery, do you commit adultery? You who abhor idols, do you rob temples?</p> </div><h5>Malachi 3:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39003008.01-2">Will man rob God? Yet you are robbing me. But you say, ‘How have we robbed you?’ In your tithes and contributions.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc22"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 4:24-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02004024.01-1">At a lodging place on the way the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> met him and sought to put him to death. Then Zipporah took a flint and cut off her son's foreskin and touched Moses' feet with it and said, “Surely you are a bridegroom of blood to me!” So he let him alone. It was then that she said, “A bridegroom of blood,” because of the circumcision.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc23"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 22:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40022005.01-1"><span class="woc">But they paid no attention and went off, one to his farm, another to his business,</span></p> </div><h5>Malachi 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39001007.01-2">By offering polluted food upon my altar. But you say, ‘How have we polluted you?’ By saying that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s table may be despised.</p> </div><h5>Malachi 1:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39001013.01-3">But you say, ‘What a weariness this is,’ and you snort at it, says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts. You bring what has been taken by violence or is lame or sick, and this you bring as your offering! Shall I accept that from your hand? says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc24"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 23:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40023013.01-1"><span class="woc">“But woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you shut the kingdom of heaven in people's faces. For you neither enter yourselves nor allow those who would enter to go in.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc25"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 13:44-45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44013044.01-1">The next Sabbath almost the whole city gathered to hear the word of the Lord. But when the Jews saw the crowds, they were filled with jealousy and began to contradict what was spoken by Paul, reviling him.</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 2:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52002015.01-2">who killed both the Lord Jesus and the prophets, and drove us out, and displease God and oppose all mankind by hindering us from speaking to the Gentiles that they might be saved—so as always to fill up the measure of their sins. But God's wrath has come upon them at last!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 17 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>WSC 50 + WLC 108 — What are the duties required in the second commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/16</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 50.</span> What is required in the second commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The second commandment requireth the receiving, observing, and keeping pure and entire, all such religious worship and ordinances as God hath appointed in his Word.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 108.</span> What are the duties required in the second commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The duties required in the second commandment are, the receiving, observing, and keeping pure and entire, all such religious worship and ordinances as God hath instituted in his Word;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> particularly prayer and thanksgiving in the name of Christ;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> the reading, preaching, and hearing of the Word;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> the administration and receiving of the sacraments;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> church government and discipline;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> the ministry and maintainance thereof;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> religious fasting;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> swearing by the name of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup> and vowing unto him:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">10</sup> as also the disapproving, detesting, opposing all false worship;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">11</sup> and, according to each one's place and calling, removing it, and all monuments of idolatry.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">12</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 12:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05012032.01-1"> “Everything that I command you, you shall be careful to do. You shall not add to it or take from it.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 28:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028020.01-2"><span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 12:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05012032.01-1"> “Everything that I command you, you shall be careful to do. You shall not add to it or take from it.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 32:46-47</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05032046.01-2">he said to them, “Take to heart all the words by which I am warning you today, that you may command them to your children, that they may be careful to do all the words of this law. For it is no empty word for you, but your very life, and by this word you shall live long in the land that you are going over the Jordan to possess.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 28:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028020.01-3"><span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 6:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006013.01-4">I charge you in the presence of God, who gives life to all things, and of Christ Jesus, who in his testimony before Pontius Pilate made the good confession, to keep the commandment unstained and free from reproach until the appearing of our Lord Jesus Christ,</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44002042.06-5">And they devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50004006.01-1">do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005020.01-2">giving thanks always and for everything to God the Father in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 17:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05017018.01-1">“And when he sits on the throne of his kingdom, he shall write for himself in a book a copy of this law, approved by the Levitical priests. And it shall be with him, and he shall read in it all the days of his life, that he may learn to fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> his God by keeping all the words of this law and these statutes, and doing them,</p> </div><h5>Acts 15:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44015021.01-2">For from ancient generations Moses has had in every city those who proclaim him, for he is read every Sabbath in the synagogues.”</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55004002.01-3">preach the word; be ready in season and out of season; reprove, rebuke, and exhort, with complete patience and teaching.</p> </div><h5>James 1:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001021.01-4">Therefore put away all filthiness and rampant wickedness and receive with meekness the implanted word, which is able to save your souls.</p> <p id="p59001022.01-4">But be doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourselves.</p> </div><h5>Acts 10:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44010033.01-5">So I sent for you at once, and you have been kind enough to come. Now therefore we are all here in the presence of God to hear all that you have been commanded by the Lord.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-1"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:23-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011023.01-2">For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.</p> <p id="p46011027.01-2">Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty concerning the body and blood of the Lord. Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself. That is why many of you are weak and ill, and some have died.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 18:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40018015.07-1"><span class="woc">“If your brother sins against you, go and tell him his fault, between you and him alone. If he listens to you, you have gained your brother.</span> <span class="woc">But if he does not listen, take one or two others along with you, that every charge may be established by the evidence of two or three witnesses.</span> <span class="woc">If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church. And if he refuses to listen even to the church, let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 16:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40016019.01-2"><span class="woc">I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 12:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012028.01-3">And God has appointed in the church first apostles, second prophets, third teachers, then miracles, then gifts of healing, helping, administrating, and various kinds of tongues.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46005001.06-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v46005001-4">5:1 </span>It is actually reported that there is sexual immorality among you, and of a kind that is not tolerated even among pagans, for a man has his father's wife. And you are arrogant! Ought you not rather to mourn? Let him who has done this be removed from among you.</p> <p id="p46005003.01-4">For though absent in body, I am present in spirit; and as if present, I have already pronounced judgment on the one who did such a thing. When you are assembled in the name of the Lord Jesus and my spirit is present, with the power of our Lord Jesus, you are to deliver this man to Satan for the destruction of the flesh, so that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord.</p> <p id="p46005006.01-4">Your boasting is not good. Do you not know that a little leaven leavens the whole lump? Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed. Let us therefore celebrate the festival, not with the old leaven, the leaven of malice and evil, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.</p> <p id="p46005009.01-4">I wrote to you in my letter not to associate with sexually immoral people— not at all meaning the sexually immoral of this world, or the greedy and swindlers, or idolaters, since then you would need to go out of the world. But now I am writing to you not to associate with anyone who bears the name of brother if he is guilty of sexual immorality or greed, or is an idolater, reviler, drunkard, or swindler—not even to eat with such a one. For what have I to do with judging outsiders? Is it not those inside the church whom you are to judge? God judges those outside. “Purge the evil person from among you.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004011.01-1">And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ,</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 5:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54005017.01-2">Let the elders who rule well be considered worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in preaching and teaching. For the Scripture says, “You shall not muzzle an ox when it treads out the grain,” and, <span class="woc">“The laborer deserves his wages.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 9:7-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46009007.01-3">Who serves as a soldier at his own expense? Who plants a vineyard without eating any of its fruit? Or who tends a flock without getting some of the milk?</p> <p id="p46009008.01-3">Do I say these things on human authority? Does not the Law say the same? For it is written in the Law of Moses, “You shall not muzzle an ox when it treads out the grain.” Is it for oxen that God is concerned? Does he not speak entirely for our sake? It was written for our sake, because the plowman should plow in hope and the thresher thresh in hope of sharing in the crop. If we have sown spiritual things among you, is it too much if we reap material things from you? If others share this rightful claim on you, do not we even more?</p> <p id="p46009012.14-3">Nevertheless, we have not made use of this right, but we endure anything rather than put an obstacle in the way of the gospel of Christ. Do you not know that those who are employed in the temple service get their food from the temple, and those who serve at the altar share in the sacrificial offerings? In the same way, the Lord commanded that those who proclaim the gospel should get their living by the gospel.</p> <p id="p46009015.01-3">But I have made no use of any of these rights, nor am I writing these things to secure any such provision. For I would rather die than have anyone deprive me of my ground for boasting.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Joel 2:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p29002012.05-1">“Yet even now,” declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“return to me with all your heart,<br/> with fasting, with weeping, and with mourning;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and rend your hearts and not your garments.”<br/> Return to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he is gracious and merciful,<br/> slow to anger, and abounding in steadfast love;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he relents over disaster.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 7:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007005.01-2">Do not deprive one another, except perhaps by agreement for a limited time, that you may devote yourselves to prayer; but then come together again, so that Satan may not tempt you because of your lack of self-control.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 6:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05006013.01-1">It is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God you shall fear. Him you shall serve and by his name you shall swear.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 76:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19076011.01-1">Make your vows to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God and perform them;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let all around him bring gifts<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to him who is to be feared,</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 19:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p23019021.01-2">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will make himself known to the Egyptians, and the Egyptians will know the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in that day and worship with sacrifice and offering, and they will make vows to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and perform them.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 116:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19116014.01-3">I will pay my vows to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the presence of all his people.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 116:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19116018.01-4">I will pay my vows to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the presence of all his people,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 17:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44017016.04-1">Now while Paul was waiting for them at Athens, his spirit was provoked within him as he saw that the city was full of idols. So he reasoned in the synagogue with the Jews and the devout persons, and in the marketplace every day with those who happened to be there.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 16:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19016004.01-2">The sorrows of those who run after another god shall multiply;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>their drink offerings of blood I will not pour out<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or take their names on my lips.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 7:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05007005.01-1">But thus shall you deal with them: you shall break down their altars and dash in pieces their pillars and chop down their Asherim and burn their carved images with fire.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 30:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p23030022.01-2">Then you will defile your carved idols overlaid with silver and your gold-plated metal images. You will scatter them as unclean things. You will say to them, “Be gone!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 16 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 49 + WLC 107 — Which is the second commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/15</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 49.</span> Which is the second commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The second commandment is, Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth: thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; and shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 107.</span> Which is the second commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The second commandment is, Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth: thou shalt not bow down thyself to them, nor serve them: for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me; and shewing mercy unto thousands of them that love me, and keep my commandments.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020004.01-1">“You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005008.01-2">“‘You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is on the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or serve them; for I the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020004.01-1">“You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005008.01-2">“‘You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is on the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or serve them; for I the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 48 + WLC 106 — What are we specially taught by these words, before me, in the first commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/14</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 48.</span> What are we specially taught by these words before me in the first commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> These words, before me, in the first commandment teach us, that God, who seeth all things, taketh notice of, and is much displeased with, the sin of having any other God.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 106.</span> What are we specially taught by these words before me in the first commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> These words before me or before my face, in the first commandment, teach us, that God, who seeth all things, taketh special notice of, and is much displeased with, the sin of having any other God: that so it may be an argument to dissuade from it, and to aggravate it as a most impudent provocation:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> as also to persuade us to do as in his sight, whatever we do in his service.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 30:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05030017.01-1">But if your heart turns away, and you will not hear, but are drawn away to worship other gods and serve them, I declare to you today, that you shall surely perish. You shall not live long in the land that you are going over the Jordan to enter and possess.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 44:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19044020.01-2">If we had forgotten the name of our God<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or spread out our hands to a foreign god,<br/>  would not God discover this?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>For he knows the secrets of the heart.</p> </div> </div><h5>Ezekiel 8:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26008012.01-3">Then he said to me, “Son of man, have you seen what the elders of the house of Israel are doing in the dark, each in his room of pictures? For they say, ‘The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> does not see us, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has forsaken the land.’”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 44:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19044020.01-1">If we had forgotten the name of our God<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or spread out our hands to a foreign god,<br/>  would not God discover this?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>For he knows the secrets of the heart.</p> </div> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 30:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05030017.01-2">But if your heart turns away, and you will not hear, but are drawn away to worship other gods and serve them, I declare to you today, that you shall surely perish. You shall not live long in the land that you are going over the Jordan to enter and possess.</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 8:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26008005.01-3">Then he said to me, “Son of man, lift up your eyes now toward the north.” So I lifted up my eyes toward the north, and behold, north of the altar gate, in the entrance, was this image of jealousy. And he said to me, “Son of man, do you see what they are doing, the great abominations that the house of Israel are committing here, to drive me far from my sanctuary? But you will see still greater abominations.”</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 8:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26008012.01-4">Then he said to me, “Son of man, have you seen what the elders of the house of Israel are doing in the dark, each in his room of pictures? For they say, ‘The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> does not see us, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has forsaken the land.’”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Chronicles 28:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p13028009.05-1">“And you, Solomon my son, know the God of your father and serve him with a whole heart and with a willing mind, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> searches all hearts and understands every plan and thought. If you seek him, he will be found by you, but if you forsake him, he will cast you off forever.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 47 + WLC 105 — What is forbidden in the first commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/13</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 47.</span> What is forbidden in the first commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The first commandment forbiddeth the denying,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> or not worshiping and glorifying, the true God as God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> and our God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> and the giving of that worship and glory to any other, which is due to him alone.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 105.</span> What are the sins forbidden in the first commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sins forbidden in the first commandment are, atheism, in denying or not having a God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">5</sup> idolatry, in having or worshiping more gods than one, or any with or instead of the true God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">6</sup> the not having and avouching him for God, and our God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">7</sup> the omission or neglect of anything due to him, required in this commandment;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">8</sup> ignorance,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">9</sup> forgetfulness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">10</sup> misapprehensions,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">11</sup> false opinions,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">12</sup> unworthy and wicked thoughts of him;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">13</sup> bold and curious searching into his secrets;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">14</sup> all profaneness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">15</sup> hatred of God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">16</sup> self-love,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">17</sup> self-seeking,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">18</sup> and all other inordinate and immoderate setting of our mind, will, or affections upon other things, and taking them off from him in whole or in part;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">19</sup> vain credulity,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">20</sup> unbelief,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">21</sup> heresy,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc18">22</sup> misbelief,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc19">23</sup> distrust,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc20">24</sup> despair,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc21">25</sup> incorrigibleness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc22">26</sup> and insensibleness under judgments,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc23">27</sup> hardness of heart,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc24">28</sup> pride,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc25">29</sup> presumption,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc26">30</sup> carnal security,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc27">31</sup> tempting of God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc28">32</sup> using unlawful means,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc29">33</sup> and trusting in lawful means;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc30">34</sup> carnal delights and joys;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc31">35</sup> corrupt, blind, and indiscreet zeal;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc32">36</sup> lukewarmness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc33">37</sup> and deadness in the things of God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc34">38</sup> estranging ourselves, and apostatizing from God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc35">39</sup> praying, or giving any religious worship, to saints, angels, or any other creatures;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc36">40</sup> all compacts and consulting with the devil,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc37">41</sup> and hearkening to his suggestions;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc38">42</sup> making men the lords of our faith and conscience;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc39">43</sup> slighting and despising God and his commands;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc40">44</sup> resisting and grieving of his Spirit,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc41">45</sup> discontent and impatience at his dispensations, charging him foolishly for the evils he inflicts on us;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc42">46</sup> and ascribing the praise of any good we either are, have, or can do, to fortune,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc43">47</sup> idols,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc44">48</sup> ourselves,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc45">49</sup> or any other creature.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc46">50</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 14:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19014001.13-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19014001-1">14:1 </span>The fool says in his heart, “There is no God.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>They are corrupt, they do abominable deeds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>there is none who does good.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001020.01-1">For his invisible attributes, namely, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ever since the creation of the world, in the things that have been made. So they are without excuse. For although they knew God, they did not honor him as God or give thanks to him, but they became futile in their thinking, and their foolish hearts were darkened.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 81:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19081010.01-1">I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who brought you up out of the land of Egypt.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Open your mouth wide, and I will fill it.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19081011.01-1">“But my people did not listen to my voice;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Israel would not submit to me.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 8:16-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26008016.01-1">And he brought me into the inner court of the house of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. And behold, at the entrance of the temple of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, between the porch and the altar, were about twenty-five men, with their backs to the temple of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and their faces toward the east, worshiping the sun toward the east. Then he said to me, “Have you seen this, O son of man? Is it too light a thing for the house of Judah to commit the abominations that they commit here, that they should fill the land with violence and provoke me still further to anger? Behold, they put the branch to their nose. Therefore I will act in wrath. My eye will not spare, nor will I have pity. And though they cry in my ears with a loud voice, I will not hear them.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001025.01-2">because they exchanged the truth about God for a lie and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 14:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19014001.13-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19014001-1">14:1 </span>The fool says in his heart, “There is no God.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>They are corrupt, they do abominable deeds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>there is none who does good.</p> </div> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002012.01-2">remember that you were at that time separated from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers to the covenants of promise, having no hope and without God in the world.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 2:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24002027.01-1">who say to a tree, ‘You are my father,’<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to a stone, ‘You gave me birth.’<br/> For they have turned their back to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and not their face.<br/> But in the time of their trouble they say,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>‘Arise and save us!’<br/>  But where are your gods<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that you made for yourself?<br/> Let them arise, if they can save you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in your time of trouble;<br/> for as many as your cities<br/> <span class="indent"></span>are your gods, O Judah.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52001009.01-2">For they themselves report concerning us the kind of reception we had among you, and how you turned to God from idols to serve the living and true God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 81:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19081010.01-1">I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who brought you up out of the land of Egypt.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Open your mouth wide, and I will fill it.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19081011.01-1">“But my people did not listen to my voice;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Israel would not submit to me.</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 1:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001021.01-2">For although they knew God, they did not honor him as God or give thanks to him, but they became futile in their thinking, and their foolish hearts were darkened.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 43:22-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23043022.01-1">“Yet you did not call upon me, O Jacob;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but you have been weary of me, O Israel!<br/>  You have not brought me your sheep for burnt offerings,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or honored me with your sacrifices.<br/> I have not burdened you with offerings,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or wearied you with frankincense.<br/>  You have not bought me sweet cane with money,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or satisfied me with the fat of your sacrifices.<br/> But you have burdened me with your sins;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have wearied me with your iniquities.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 4:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24004022.01-1">“For my people are foolish;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they know me not;<br/> they are stupid children;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they have no understanding.<br/> They are ‘wise’—in doing evil!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>But how to do good they know not.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Hosea 4:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p28004001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v28004001-2">4:1 </span>Hear the word of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, O children of Israel,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has a controversy with the inhabitants of the land.<br/> There is no faithfulness or steadfast love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and no knowledge of God in the land;</p> </div> </div><h5>Hosea 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p28004006.01-3">My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because you have rejected knowledge,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I reject you from being a priest to me.<br/> And since you have forgotten the law of your God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I also will forget your children.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 2:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24002032.01-1">Can a virgin forget her ornaments,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or a bride her attire?<br/> Yet my people have forgotten me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>days without number.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 17:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017023.01-1">For as I passed along and observed the objects of your worship, I found also an altar with this inscription, ‘To the unknown god.’ What therefore you worship as unknown, this I proclaim to you.</p> </div><h5>Acts 17:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p44017029.01-2">Being then God's offspring, we ought not to think that the divine being is like gold or silver or stone, an image formed by the art and imagination of man.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 40:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23040018.01-1">To whom then will you liken God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or what likeness compare with him?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 50:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19050021.01-1">These things you have done, and I have been silent;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you thought that I was one like yourself.<br/> But now I rebuke you and lay the charge before you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 29:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05029029.01-1">“The secret things belong to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, but the things that are revealed belong to us and to our children forever, that we may do all the words of this law.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 1:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56001016.01-1">They profess to know God, but they deny him by their works. They are detestable, disobedient, unfit for any good work.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 12:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012016.01-2">that no one is sexually immoral or unholy like Esau, who sold his birthright for a single meal.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001030.01-1">slanderers, haters of God, insolent, haughty, boastful, inventors of evil, disobedient to parents,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003002.01-1">For people will be lovers of self, lovers of money, proud, arrogant, abusive, disobedient to their parents, ungrateful, unholy,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 2:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002021.01-1">For they all seek their own interests, not those of Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 2:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p62002015.06-1">Do not love the world or the things in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him. For all that is in the world—the desires of the flesh and the desires of the eyes and pride in possessions—is not from the Father but is from the world.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003002.01-2">Set your minds on things that are above, not on things that are on earth.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003005.01-3">Put to death therefore what is earthly in you: sexual immorality, impurity, passion, evil desire, and covetousness, which is idolatry.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 2:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09002029.01-4">Why then do you scorn my sacrifices and my offerings that I commanded, and honor your sons above me by fattening yourselves on the choicest parts of every offering of my people Israel?’  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 4:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p62004001.04-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v62004001-1">4:1 </span>Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but test the spirits to see whether they are from God, for many false prophets have gone out into the world.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p58003012.01-1">Take care, brothers, lest there be in any of you an evil, unbelieving heart, leading you to fall away from the living God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 5:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005020.01-1">idolatry, sorcery, enmity, strife, jealousy, fits of anger, rivalries, dissensions, divisions,</p> </div><h5>Titus 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003010.01-2">As for a person who stirs up division, after warning him once and then twice, have nothing more to do with him,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc19"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 26:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44026009.01-1">“I myself was convinced that I ought to do many things in opposing the name of Jesus of Nazareth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc20"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 78:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19078022.01-1">because they did not believe in God<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and did not trust his saving power.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc21"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01004013.01-1">Cain said to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, “My punishment is greater than I can bear.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc22"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 5:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24005003.01-1">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, do not your eyes look for truth?<br/> You have struck them down,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but they felt no anguish;<br/> you have consumed them,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but they refused to take correction.<br/> They have made their faces harder than rock;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they have refused to repent.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc23"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 42:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23042025.01-1">So he poured on him the heat of his anger<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the might of battle;<br/> it set him on fire all around, but he did not understand;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>it burned him up, but he did not take it to heart.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc24"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002005.01-1">But because of your hard and impenitent heart you are storing up wrath for yourself on the day of wrath when God's righteous judgment will be revealed.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc25"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 13:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24013015.03-1">Hear and give ear; be not proud,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has spoken.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc26"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 19:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19019013.01-1">Keep back your servant also from presumptuous sins;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let them not have dominion over me!<br/> Then I shall be blameless,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and innocent of great transgression.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc27"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Zephaniah 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p36001012.01-1">At that time I will search Jerusalem with lamps,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will punish the men<br/> who are complacent,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>those who say in their hearts,<br/> ‘The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will not do good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor will he do ill.’  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc28"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 4:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p40004007.01-1">Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Again it is written, ‘You shall not put the Lord your God to the test.’”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc29"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003008.01-1">And why not do evil that good may come?—as some people slanderously charge us with saying. Their condemnation is just.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc30"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 17:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24017005.01-1">Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>:<br/> “Cursed is the man who trusts in man<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes flesh his strength,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>whose heart turns away from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc31"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 3:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003004.01-1">treacherous, reckless, swollen with conceit, lovers of pleasure rather than lovers of God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc32"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 4:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004017.01-1">They make much of you, but for no good purpose. They want to shut you out, that you may make much of them.</p> </div><h5>Romans 10:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010002.01-2">For I bear them witness that they have a zeal for God, but not according to knowledge.</p> </div><h5>John 16:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43016002.01-3"><span class="woc">They will put you out of the synagogues. Indeed, the hour is coming when whoever kills you will think he is offering service to God.</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 9:54-55</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42009054.01-4">And when his disciples James and John saw it, they said, “Lord, do you want us to tell fire to come down from heaven and consume them?” But he turned and rebuked them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc33"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66003016.01-1"><span class="woc">So, because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit you out of my mouth.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc34"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 3:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p66003001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v66003001-1">3:1 </span><span class="woc">“And to the angel of the church in Sardis write: ‘The words of him who has the seven spirits of God and the seven stars.</span></p> <p id="p66003001.31-1"><span class="woc">“‘I know your works. You have the reputation of being alive, but you are dead.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc35"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 14:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26014005.01-1">that I may lay hold of the hearts of the house of Israel, who are all estranged from me through their idols.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 1:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23001004.01-2">Ah, sinful nation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a people laden with iniquity,<br/> offspring of evildoers,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>children who deal corruptly!<br/> They have forsaken the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they have despised the Holy One of Israel,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they are utterly estranged.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23001005.01-2">Why will you still be struck down?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Why will you continue to rebel?<br/> The whole head is sick,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the whole heart faint.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc36"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hosea 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p28004012.01-1">My people inquire of a piece of wood,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their walking staff gives them oracles.<br/> For a spirit of whoredom has led them astray,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and they have left their God to play the whore.</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 10:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44010025.01-2">When Peter entered, Cornelius met him and fell down at his feet and worshiped him. But Peter lifted him up, saying, “Stand up; I too am a man.”</p> </div><h5>Revelation 19:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66019010.01-3">Then I fell down at his feet to worship him, but he said to me, “You must not do that! I am a fellow servant with you and your brothers who hold to the testimony of Jesus. Worship God.” For the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 4:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40004010.01-4">Then Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Be gone, Satan! For it is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40004010.13-4"><span class="woc">“‘You shall worship the Lord your God<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and him only shall you serve.’”</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Colossians 2:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002018.01-5">Let no one disqualify you, insisting on asceticism and worship of angels, going on in detail about visions, puffed up without reason by his sensuous mind,</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001025.01-6">because they exchanged the truth about God for a lie and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc37"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 20:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03020006.01-1">“If a person turns to mediums and necromancers, whoring after them, I will set my face against that person and will cut him off from among his people.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 28:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09028007.01-2">Then Saul said to his servants, “Seek out for me a woman who is a medium, that I may go to her and inquire of her.” And his servants said to him, “Behold, there is a medium at En-dor.”</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 28:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09028011.01-3">Then the woman said, “Whom shall I bring up for you?” He said, “Bring up Samuel for me.”</p> </div><h5>1 Chronicles 10:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p13010013.01-4">So Saul died for his breach of faith. He broke faith with the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in that he did not keep the command of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and also consulted a medium, seeking guidance. He did not seek guidance from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> put him to death and turned the kingdom over to David the son of Jesse.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc38"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 5:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44005003.01-1">But Peter said, “Ananias, why has Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back for yourself part of the proceeds of the land?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc39"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 1:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47001024.01-1">Not that we lord it over your faith, but we work with you for your joy, for you stand firm in your faith.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 23:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40023009.01-2"><span class="woc">And call no man your father on earth, for you have one Father, who is in heaven.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc40"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 32:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p05032015.01-1">“But Jeshurun grew fat, and kicked;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you grew fat, stout, and sleek;<br/> then he forsook God who made him<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and scoffed at the Rock of his salvation.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 13:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20013013.01-2">Whoever despises the word brings destruction on himself,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but he who reveres the commandment will be rewarded.</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Samuel 12:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10012009.01-3">Why have you despised the word of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, to do what is evil in his sight? You have struck down Uriah the Hittite with the sword and have taken his wife to be your wife and have killed him with the sword of the Ammonites.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc41"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 7:51</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44007051.01-1">“You stiff-necked people, uncircumcised in heart and ears, you always resist the Holy Spirit. As your fathers did, so do you.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004030.01-2">And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc42"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Job 1:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p18001022.01-1">In all this Job did not sin or charge God with wrong.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 73:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19073002.01-2">But as for me, my feet had almost stumbled,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my steps had nearly slipped.<br/>  For I was envious of the arrogant<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I saw the prosperity of the wicked.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 73:13-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19073013.01-3">All in vain have I kept my heart clean<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and washed my hands in innocence.<br/>  For all the day long I have been stricken<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and rebuked every morning.<br/>  If I had said, “I will speak thus,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I would have betrayed the generation of your children.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 73:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19073022.01-4">I was brutish and ignorant;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I was like a beast toward you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc43"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 6:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now then, take and prepare a new cart and two milk cows on which there has never come a yoke, and yoke the cows to the cart, but take their calves home, away from them. And take the ark of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and place it on the cart and put in a box at its side the figures of gold, which you are returning to him as a guilt offering. Then send it off and let it go its way and watch. If it goes up on the way to its own land, to Beth-shemesh, then it is he who has done us this great harm, but if not, then we shall know that it is not his hand that struck us; it happened to us by coincidence.”</p> </div> <h5>Luke 12:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And I will say to my soul, “Soul, you have ample goods laid up for many years; relax, eat, drink, be merry.”’</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc44"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Daniel 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27005023.01-1">but you have lifted up yourself against the Lord of heaven. And the vessels of his house have been brought in before you, and you and your lords, your wives, and your concubines have drunk wine from them. And you have praised the gods of silver and gold, of bronze, iron, wood, and stone, which do not see or hear or know, but the God in whose hand is your breath, and whose are all your ways, you have not honored.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc45"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 8:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05008017.01-1">Beware lest you say in your heart, ‘My power and the might of my hand have gotten me this wealth.’</p> </div><h5>Daniel 4:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27004030.01-2">and the king answered and said, “Is not this great Babylon, which I have built by my mighty power as a royal residence and for the glory of my majesty?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc46"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Habakkuk 1:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p35001016.01-1">Therefore he sacrifices to his net<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes offerings to his dragnet;<br/> for by them he lives in luxury,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his food is rich.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 13 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 46 + WLC 104 — What is required in the first commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/12</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 46.</span> What is required in the first commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The first commandment requireth us to know and acknowledge God to be the only true God, and our God; and to worship and glorify him accordingly.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 104.</span> What are the duties required in the first commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The duties required in the first commandment are, the knowing and acknowledging of God to be the only true God, and our God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> and to worship and glorify him accordingly,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> by thinking,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> meditating,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> remembering,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> highly esteeming,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> honoring,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> adoring,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup> choosing,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">10</sup> loving,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">11</sup> desiring,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">12</sup> fearing of him;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">13</sup> believing him;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">14</sup> trusting,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">15</sup> hoping,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">16</sup> delighting,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">17</sup> rejoicing in him;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">18</sup> being zealous for him;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc18">19</sup> calling upon him, giving all praise and thanks,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc19">20</sup> and yielding all obedience and submission to him with the whole man;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc20">21</sup> being careful in all things to please him,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc21">22</sup> and sorrowful when in anything he is offended;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc22">23</sup> and walking humbly with him.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc23">24</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Chronicles 28:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p13028009.05-1">“And you, Solomon my son, know the God of your father and serve him with a whole heart and with a willing mind, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> searches all hearts and understands every plan and thought. If you seek him, he will be found by you, but if you forsake him, he will cast you off forever.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 45:20-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23045020.01-2">“Assemble yourselves and come;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>draw near together,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you survivors of the nations!<br/> They have no knowledge<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who carry about their wooden idols,<br/> and keep on praying to a god<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that cannot save.<br/>  Declare and present your case;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let them take counsel together!<br/> Who told this long ago?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who declared it of old?<br/> Was it not I, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>And there is no other god besides me,<br/> a righteous God and a Savior;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>there is none besides me.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23045022.01-2">“Turn to me and be saved,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all the ends of the earth!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>For I am God, and there is no other.<br/>  By myself I have sworn;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from my mouth has gone out in righteousness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a word that shall not return:<br/> ‘To me every knee shall bow,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>every tongue shall swear allegiance.’</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23045024.01-2">“Only in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, it shall be said of me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>are righteousness and strength;<br/> to him shall come and be ashamed<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all who were incensed against him.<br/>  In the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> all the offspring of Israel<br/> <span class="indent"></span>shall be justified and shall glory.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 4:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40004010.01-3">Then Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Be gone, Satan! For it is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40004010.13-3"><span class="woc">“‘You shall worship the Lord your God<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and him only shall you serve.’”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Chronicles 28:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p13028009.05-1">“And you, Solomon my son, know the God of your father and serve him with a whole heart and with a willing mind, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> searches all hearts and understands every plan and thought. If you seek him, he will be found by you, but if you forsake him, he will cast you off forever.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 26:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05026007.01-2">Then we cried to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of our fathers, and the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> heard our voice and saw our affliction, our toil, and our oppression.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 43:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23043010.01-3">“You are my witnesses,” declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“and my servant whom I have chosen,<br/> that you may know and believe me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and understand that I am he.<br/> Before me no god was formed,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor shall there be any after me.</p> </div> </div><h5>Jeremiah 14:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24014022.01-4">Are there any among the false gods of the nations that can bring rain?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Or can the heavens give showers?<br/> Are you not he, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>We set our hope on you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you do all these things.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 95:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19095006.01-1">Oh come, let us worship and bow down;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let us kneel before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, our Maker!<br/>  For he is our God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and we are the people of his pasture,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the sheep of his hand.<br/> Today, if you hear his voice,</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 4:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40004010.01-2">Then Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Be gone, Satan! For it is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40004010.13-2"><span class="woc">“‘You shall worship the Lord your God<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and him only shall you serve.’”</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 29:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19029002.01-3">Ascribe to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> the glory due his name;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>worship the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in the splendor of holiness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Malachi 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p39003016.05-1">Then those who feared the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke with one another. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> paid attention and heard them, and a book of remembrance was written before him of those who feared the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and esteemed his name.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 63:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19063006.01-1">when I remember you upon my bed,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and meditate on you in the watches of the night;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ecclesiastes 12:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p21012001.07-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v21012001-1">12:1 </span>Remember also your Creator in the days of your youth, before the evil days come and the years draw near of which you will say, “I have no pleasure in them”;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 71:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19071019.01-1">Your righteousness, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>reaches the high heavens.<br/> You who have done great things,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O God, who is like you?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Malachi 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p39001006.05-1">“A son honors his father, and a servant his master. If then I am a father, where is my honor? And if I am a master, where is my fear? says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts to you, O priests, who despise my name. But you say, ‘How have we despised your name?’  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 45:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23045023.01-1">By myself I have sworn;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from my mouth has gone out in righteousness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a word that shall not return:<br/> ‘To me every knee shall bow,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>every tongue shall swear allegiance.’</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 96</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19096001.07-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19096001-2">96:1 </span>Oh sing to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> a new song;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>sing to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, all the earth!<br/>  Sing to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, bless his name;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>tell of his salvation from day to day.<br/>  Declare his glory among the nations,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his marvelous works among all the peoples!<br/>  For great is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and greatly to be praised;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is to be feared above all gods.<br/>  For all the gods of the peoples are worthless idols,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made the heavens.<br/>  Splendor and majesty are before him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>strength and beauty are in his sanctuary.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19096007.01-2">Ascribe to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, O families of the peoples,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>ascribe to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> glory and strength!<br/>  Ascribe to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> the glory due his name;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>bring an offering, and come into his courts!<br/>  Worship the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in the splendor of holiness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>tremble before him, all the earth!</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19096010.01-2">Say among the nations, “The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> reigns!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Yes, the world is established; it shall never be moved;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he will judge the peoples with equity.”</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19096011.01-2">Let the heavens be glad, and let the earth rejoice;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let the sea roar, and all that fills it;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let the field exult, and everything in it!<br/> Then shall all the trees of the forest sing for joy<br/> <span class="indent"></span>before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, for he comes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he comes to judge the earth.<br/> He will judge the world in righteousness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the peoples in his faithfulness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Joshua 24:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p06024015.01-1">And if it is evil in your eyes to serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, choose this day whom you will serve, whether the gods your fathers served in the region beyond the River, or the gods of the Amorites in whose land you dwell. But as for me and my house, we will serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.”</p> </div><h5>Joshua 24:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p06024022.01-2">Then Joshua said to the people, “You are witnesses against yourselves that you have chosen the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, to serve him.” And they said, “We are witnesses.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 6:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05006005.01-1">You shall love the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 73:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19073025.01-1">Whom have I in heaven but you?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>And there is nothing on earth that I desire besides you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 8:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p23008013.01-1">But the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts, him you shall honor as holy. Let him be your fear, and let him be your dread.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 14:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02014031.01-1">Israel saw the great power that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> used against the Egyptians, so the people feared the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and they believed in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and in his servant Moses.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 26:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23026004.01-1">Trust in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> <span class="small-caps">God</span> is an everlasting rock.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 130:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19130007.01-1">O Israel, hope in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>For with the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> there is steadfast love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with him is plentiful redemption.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 37:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19037004.01-1">Delight yourself in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he will give you the desires of your heart.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 32:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19032011.01-1">Be glad in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and rejoice, O righteous,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shout for joy, all you upright in heart!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 12:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45012011.01-1">Do not be slothful in zeal, be fervent in spirit, serve the Lord.</p> </div><h5>Numbers 25:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p04025011.01-2">“Phinehas the son of Eleazar, son of Aaron the priest, has turned back my wrath from the people of Israel, in that he was jealous with my jealousy among them, so that I did not consume the people of Israel in my jealousy.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc19"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50004006.01-1">do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc20"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 7:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24007023.01-1">But this command I gave them: ‘Obey my voice, and I will be your God, and you shall be my people. And walk in all the way that I command you, that it may be well with you.’</p> </div><h5>James 4:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59004007.01-2">Submit yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc21"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 3:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003022.01-1">and whatever we ask we receive from him, because we keep his commandments and do what pleases him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc22"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 119:136</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119136.01-1">My eyes shed streams of tears,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because people do not keep your law.</p> </div> </div><h5>Jeremiah 31:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24031018.01-2">I have heard Ephraim grieving,<br/> ‘You have disciplined me, and I was disciplined,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like an untrained calf;<br/> bring me back that I may be restored,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you are the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> my God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc23"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Micah 6:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p33006008.01-1">He has told you, O man, what is good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and what does the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> require of you<br/> but to do justice, and to love kindness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to walk humbly with your God?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 12 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 45 + WLC 103 — Which is the first commandment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/11</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 45.</span> Which is the first commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The first commandment is, Thou shalt have no other gods before me.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 103.</span> Which is the first commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The first commandment is, Thou shall have no other gods before me.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020003.01-1">“You shall have no other gods before me.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005007.01-2">“‘You shall have no other gods before me.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020003.01-1">“You shall have no other gods before me.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005007.01-2">“‘You shall have no other gods before me.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 11 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 42 + WLC 102 — What is the sum of the four commandments which contain our duty to God?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/10</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 42.</span> What is the sum of the ten commandments?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sum of the Ten Commandments is, to love the Lord our God with all our heart, with all our soul, with all our strength, and with all our mind; and our neighbor as ourselves.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 102.</span> What is the sum of the four commandments which contain our duty to God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sum of the four commandments containing our duty to God is, to love the Lord our God with all our heart, and with all our soul, and with all our strength, and with all our mind.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 22:37-40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40022037.01-1">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.</span> <span class="woc">This is the great and first commandment.</span> <span class="woc">And a second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself.</span> <span class="woc">On these two commandments depend all the Law and the Prophets.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 10:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42010027.01-1">And he answered, “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your strength and with all your mind, and your neighbor as yourself.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 22:37-40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40022037.01-2">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.</span> <span class="woc">This is the great and first commandment.</span> <span class="woc">And a second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself.</span> <span class="woc">On these two commandments depend all the Law and the Prophets.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 10 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 44 — What doth the preface to the Ten Commandments teach us?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/09</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 44.</span> What doth the preface to the ten commandments teach us?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The preface to the Ten Commandments teacheth us, that because God is the Lord, and our God, and Redeemer, therefore we are bound to keep all his commandments.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 1:74-75</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42001074.01-1"><span class="indent"></span>that we, being delivered from the hand of our enemies,<br/> might serve him without fear,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in holiness and righteousness before him all our days.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Peter 1:14-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001014.01-2">As obedient children, do not be conformed to the passions of your former ignorance, but as he who called you is holy, you also be holy in all your conduct, since it is written, “You shall be holy, for I am holy.” And if you call on him as Father who judges impartially according to each one's deeds, conduct yourselves with fear throughout the time of your exile, knowing that you were ransomed from the futile ways inherited from your forefathers, not with perishable things such as silver or gold, but with the precious blood of Christ, like that of a lamb without blemish or spot.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 43 — What is the preface to the Ten Commandments?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/08</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 43.</span> What is the preface to the ten commandments?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The preface to the Ten Commandments is in these words, I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="chapter-first" id="p02020002.01-1">“I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005006.01-2">“‘I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 101 — What is the preface to the Ten Commandments?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/07</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 101.</span> What is the preface to the Ten Commandments?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The preface to the Ten Commandments is contained in these words, I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> Wherein God manifesteth his sovereignty, as being JEHOVAH, the eternal, immutable, and almighty God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> having his being in and of himself,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and giving being to all his words<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> and works:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> and that he is a God in covenant, as with Israel of old, so with all his people;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> who, as he brought them out of their bondage in Egypt, so he delivereth us from our spiritual thraldom;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> and that therefore we are bound to take him for our God alone, and to keep all his commandments.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="chapter-first" id="p02020002.01-1">“I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005006.01-2">“‘I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of slavery.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 44:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23044006.07-1">Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the King of Israel<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his Redeemer, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts:<br/> “I am the first and I am the last;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>besides me there is no god.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02003014.01-1">God said to Moses, “<span class="small-caps">I am who I am</span>.” And he said, “Say this to the people of Israel, ‘<span class="small-caps">I am</span> has sent me to you.’”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 6:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02006003.01-1">I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, as God Almighty, but by my name the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> I did not make myself known to them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 17:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017024.01-1">The God who made the world and everything in it, being Lord of heaven and earth, does not live in temples made by man,</p> </div><h5>Acts 17:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017028.01-2">for</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44017028.02-2">“‘In him we live and move and have our being’;</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p44017028.12-2">as even some of your own poets have said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44017028.21-2">“‘For we are indeed his offspring.’  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 17:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01017007.01-1">And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you.</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003029.01-2">Or is God the God of Jews only? Is he not the God of Gentiles also? Yes, of Gentiles also,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 1:74-75</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42001074.01-1"><span class="indent"></span>that we, being delivered from the hand of our enemies,<br/> might serve him without fear,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in holiness and righteousness before him all our days.</p> </div> </div><h5>Galatians 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p48005001.06-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v48005001-2">5:1 </span>For freedom Christ has set us free; stand firm therefore, and do not submit again to a yoke of slavery.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 1:15-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001015.01-1">but as he who called you is holy, you also be holy in all your conduct, since it is written, “You shall be holy, for I am holy.” And if you call on him as Father who judges impartially according to each one's deeds, conduct yourselves with fear throughout the time of your exile, knowing that you were ransomed from the futile ways inherited from your forefathers, not with perishable things such as silver or gold, but with the precious blood of Christ, like that of a lamb without blemish or spot.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 18:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03018030.01-2">So keep my charge never to practice any of these abominable customs that were practiced before you, and never to make yourselves unclean by them: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God.”</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 19:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019037.01-3">And you shall observe all my statutes and all my rules, and do them: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 07 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 100 — What special things are we to consider in the Ten Commandments?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/06</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 100.</span> What special things are we to consider in the Ten Commandments?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> We are to consider, in the Ten Commandments, the preface, the substance of the commandments themselves, and several reasons annexed to some of them, the more to enforce them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 6:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49006001.04-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v49006001-1">6:1 </span>Children, obey your parents in the Lord, for this is right. “Honor your father and mother” (this is the first commandment with a promise), “that it may go well with you and that you may live long in the land.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 99 — What rules are to be observed for the right understanding of the Ten Commandments?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/05</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 99.</span> What rules are to be observed for the right understanding of the Ten Commandments?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> For the right understanding of the Ten Commandments, these rules are to be observed:</p><ol><li>That the law is perfect, and bindeth every one to full conformity in the whole man unto the righteousness thereof, and unto entire obedience forever; so as to require the utmost perfection of every duty, and to forbid the least degree of every sin.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></li><li>That it is spiritual, and so reacheth the understanding, will, affections, and all other powers of the soul; as well as words, works, and gestures.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup></li><li>That one and the same thing, in divers respects, is required or forbidden in several commandments.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup></li><li>That as, where a duty is commanded, the contrary sin is forbidden<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup>; and, where a sin is forbidden, the contrary duty is commanded<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup>: so, where a promise is annexed, the contrary threatening is included<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup>; and, where a threatening is annexed, the contrary promise is included.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup></li><li>That what God forbids, is at no time to be done;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> what he commands, is always our duty;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup> and yet every particular duty is not to be done at all times.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">10</sup></li><li>That under one sin or duty, all of the same kind are forbidden or commanded; together with all the causes, means, occasions, and appearances thereof, and provocations thereunto.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">11</sup></li><li>That what is forbidden or commanded to ourselves, we are bound, according to our places, to endeavor that it may be avoided or performed by others, according to the duty of their places.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">12</sup></li><li>That in what is commanded to others, we are bound, according to our places and callings, to be helpful to them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">13</sup> and to take heed of partaking with others in what is forbidden them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">14</sup></li></ol><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 19:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19019007.01-1">The law of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is perfect,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>reviving the soul;<br/> the testimony of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is sure,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>making wise the simple;</p> </div> </div><h5>James 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002010.01-2">For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become accountable for all of it.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005021.02-3"><span class="woc">“You have heard that it was said to those of old, ‘You shall not murder; and whoever murders will be liable to judgment.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment; whoever insults his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, ‘You fool!’ will be liable to the hell of fire.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 7:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007014.01-1">For we know that the law is spiritual, but I am of the flesh, sold under sin.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 6:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05006005.01-2">You shall love the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 22:37-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40022037.01-3">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.</span> <span class="woc">This is the great and first commandment.</span> <span class="woc">And a second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005021.02-4"><span class="woc">“You have heard that it was said to those of old, ‘You shall not murder; and whoever murders will be liable to judgment.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment; whoever insults his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, ‘You fool!’ will be liable to the hell of fire.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005027.02-5"><span class="woc">“You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall not commit adultery.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who looks at a woman with lustful intent has already committed adultery with her in his heart.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:33-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005033.02-6"><span class="woc">“Again you have heard that it was said to those of old, ‘You shall not swear falsely, but shall perform to the Lord what you have sworn.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you, Do not take an oath at all, either by heaven, for it is the throne of God,</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:37-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40005037.01-7"><span class="woc">Let what you say be simply ‘Yes’ or ‘No’; anything more than this comes from evil.</span></p> <p id="p40005038.02-7"><span class="woc">“You have heard that it was said, ‘An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you, Do not resist the one who is evil. But if anyone slaps you on the right cheek, turn to him the other also.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:43-44</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005043.04-8"><span class="woc">“You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall love your neighbor and hate your enemy.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you,</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Put to death therefore what is earthly in you: sexual immorality, impurity, passion, evil desire, and covetousness, which is idolatry.</p> </div> <h5>Amos 8:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">saying, “When will the new moon be over,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that we may sell grain?<br/> And the Sabbath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that we may offer wheat for sale,<br/> that we may make the ephah small and the shekel great<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and deal deceitfully with false balances,</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 6:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the love of money is a root of all kinds of evils. It is through this craving that some have wandered away from the faith and pierced themselves with many pangs.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 58:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23058013.01-1">“If you turn back your foot from the Sabbath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from doing your pleasure on my holy day,<br/> and call the Sabbath a delight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the holy day of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> honorable;<br/> if you honor it, not going your own ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or seeking your own pleasure, or talking idly;</p> </div> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 6:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05006013.01-2">It is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God you shall fear. Him you shall serve and by his name you shall swear.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 4:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40004009.01-3">And he said to him, “All these I will give you, if you will fall down and worship me.” Then Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Be gone, Satan! For it is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40004010.13-3"><span class="woc">“‘You shall worship the Lord your God<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and him only shall you serve.’”</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 15:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40015004.01-4"><span class="woc">For God commanded, ‘Honor your father and your mother,’ and, ‘Whoever reviles father or mother must surely die.’</span> <span class="woc">But you say, ‘If anyone tells his father or his mother, “What you would have gained from me is given to God,”</span> <span class="woc">he need not honor his father.’</span> <span class="woc">So for the sake of your tradition you have made void the word of God.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:21-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005021.02-1"><span class="woc">“You have heard that it was said to those of old, ‘You shall not murder; and whoever murders will be liable to judgment.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment; whoever insults his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, ‘You fool!’ will be liable to the hell of fire.</span> <span class="woc">So if you are offering your gift at the altar and there remember that your brother has something against you,</span> <span class="woc">leave your gift there before the altar and go. First be reconciled to your brother, and then come and offer your gift.</span> <span class="woc">Come to terms quickly with your accuser while you are going with him to court, lest your accuser hand you over to the judge, and the judge to the guard, and you be put in prison.</span></p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004028.01-2">Let the thief no longer steal, but rather let him labor, doing honest work with his own hands, so that he may have something to share with anyone in need.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020012.01-1">“Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is giving you.</p> </div><h5>Proverbs 30:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20030017.01-2">The eye that mocks a father<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and scorns to obey a mother<br/> will be picked out by the ravens of the valley<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and eaten by the vultures.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 18:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If at any time I declare concerning a nation or a kingdom, that I will pluck up and break down and destroy it, and if that nation, concerning which I have spoken, turns from its evil, I will relent of the disaster that I intended to do to it.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“You shall not take the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in vain, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 15:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, who shall sojourn in your tent?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who shall dwell on your holy hill?</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 15:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">in whose eyes a vile person is despised,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but who honors those who fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> who swears to his own hurt and does not change;<br/> who does not put out his money at interest<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and does not take a bribe against the innocent.<br/> He who does these things shall never be moved.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 24:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">He who has clean hands and a pure heart,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who does not lift up his soul to what is false<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and does not swear deceitfully.<br/> He will receive blessing from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>and righteousness from the God of his salvation.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Job 13:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18013007.01-1">Will you speak falsely for God<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and speak deceitfully for him?<br/>  Will you show partiality toward him?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Will you plead the case for God?</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 3:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003008.01-2">And why not do evil that good may come?—as some people slanderously charge us with saying. Their condemnation is just.</p> </div><h5>Job 36:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18036021.01-3">Take care; do not turn to iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for this you have chosen rather than affliction.</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 11:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58011025.01-4">choosing rather to be mistreated with the people of God than to enjoy the fleeting pleasures of sin.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 4:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05004008.01-1">And what great nation is there, that has statutes and rules so righteous as all this law that I set before you today?</p> <p id="p05004009.01-1">“Only take care, and keep your soul diligently, lest you forget the things that your eyes have seen, and lest they depart from your heart all the days of your life. Make them known to your children and your children's children—</p> </div><h5>Luke 17:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42017010.01-2"><span class="woc">So you also, when you have done all that you were commanded, say, ‘We are unworthy servants; we have only done what was our duty.’”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 12:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40012007.01-1"><span class="woc">And if you had known what this means, ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the guiltless.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005021.02-1"><span class="woc">“You have heard that it was said to those of old, ‘You shall not murder; and whoever murders will be liable to judgment.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment; whoever insults his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, ‘You fool!’ will be liable to the hell of fire.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005027.02-2"><span class="woc">“You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall not commit adultery.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who looks at a woman with lustful intent has already committed adultery with her in his heart.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 15:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40015004.01-3"><span class="woc">For God commanded, ‘Honor your father and your mother,’ and, ‘Whoever reviles father or mother must surely die.’</span> <span class="woc">But you say, ‘If anyone tells his father or his mother, “What you would have gained from me is given to God,”</span> <span class="woc">he need not honor his father.’</span> <span class="woc">So for the sake of your tradition you have made void the word of God.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52005022.01-4">Abstain from every form of evil.</p> </div><h5>Jude 1:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p65001023.01-5">save others by snatching them out of the fire; to others show mercy with fear, hating even the garment stained by the flesh.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 5:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005026.01-6">Let us not become conceited, provoking one another, envying one another.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003021.01-7">Fathers, do not provoke your children, lest they become discouraged.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020010.01-1">but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 19:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03019017.01-2">“You shall not hate your brother in your heart, but you shall reason frankly with your neighbor, lest you incur sin because of him.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 18:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01018019.01-3">For I have chosen him, that he may command his children and his household after him to keep the way of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> by doing righteousness and justice, so that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> may bring to Abraham what he has promised him.”</p> </div><h5>Joshua 24:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p06024015.01-4">And if it is evil in your eyes to serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, choose this day whom you will serve, whether the gods your fathers served in the region beyond the River, or the gods of the Amorites in whose land you dwell. But as for me and my house, we will serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.”</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 6:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05006006.01-5">And these words that I command you today shall be on your heart. You shall teach them diligently to your children, and shall talk of them when you sit in your house, and when you walk by the way, and when you lie down, and when you rise.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 10:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010024.01-6">And let us consider how to stir up one another to love and good works, not neglecting to meet together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging one another, and all the more as you see the Day drawing near.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 1:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47001024.01-1">Not that we lord it over your faith, but we work with you for your joy, for you stand firm in your faith.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 5:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54005022.01-1">Do not be hasty in the laying on of hands, nor take part in the sins of others; keep yourself pure.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005011.01-2">Take no part in the unfruitful works of darkness, but instead expose them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 05 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 19.7 — Of the law of God, part 7</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/04</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 19: Of the Law of God</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">7.</span> Neither are the forementioned uses of the law contrary to the grace of the gospel, but do sweetly comply with it;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> the Spirit of Christ subduing and enabling the will of man to do that freely, and cheerfully, which the will of God, revealed in the law, requireth to be done.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Do we then overthrow the law by this faith? By no means! On the contrary, we uphold the law.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Is the law then contrary to the promises of God? Certainly not! For if a law had been given that could give life, then righteousness would indeed be by the law.</p> </div> <h5>Titus 2:11-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation for all people, training us to renounce ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live self-controlled, upright, and godly lives in the present age, waiting for our blessed hope, the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ, who gave himself for us to redeem us from all lawlessness and to purify for himself a people for his own possession who are zealous for good works.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 36:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 8:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel<br/> <span class="indent"></span>after those days, declares the Lord:<br/> I will put my laws into their minds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and write them on their hearts,<br/> and I will be their God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and they shall be my people.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 31:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: I will put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts. And I will be their God, and they shall be my people.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Lead me in the path of your commandments,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I delight in it.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:47</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">for I find my delight in your commandments,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>which I love.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Romans 7:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I delight in the law of God, in my inner being,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 04 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 97 — What special use is there of the moral law to the regenerate?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/03</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 97.</span> What special use is there of the moral law to the regenerate?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Although they that are regenerate, and believe in Christ, be delivered from the moral law as a covenant of works,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> so as thereby they are neither justified<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> nor condemned;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> yet, besides the general uses thereof common to them with all men, it is of special use, to show them how much they are bound to Christ for his fulfilling it, and enduring the curse thereof in their stead, and for their good;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> and thereby to provoke them to more thankfulness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> and to express the same in their greater care to conform themselves thereunto as the rule of their obedience.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006014.01-1">For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace.</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007004.01-2">Likewise, my brothers, you also have died to the law through the body of Christ, so that you may belong to another, to him who has been raised from the dead, in order that we may bear fruit for God.</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007006.01-3">But now we are released from the law, having died to that which held us captive, so that we serve in the new way of the Spirit and not in the old way of the written code.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 4:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004004.01-4">But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law, to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive adoption as sons.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 2:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002013.01-5">And you, who were dead in your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh, God made alive together with him, having forgiven us all our trespasses, by canceling the record of debt that stood against us with its legal demands. This he set aside, nailing it to the cross.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003020.01-1">For by works of the law no human being will be justified in his sight, since through the law comes knowledge of sin.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005023.01-1">gentleness, self-control; against such things there is no law.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45008001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45008001-2">8:1 </span>There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 7:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007024.01-1">Wretched man that I am! Who will deliver me from this body of death? Thanks be to God through Jesus Christ our Lord! So then, I myself serve the law of God with my mind, but with my flesh I serve the law of sin.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003013.01-2">Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us—for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree”— so that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promised Spirit through faith.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008003.01-3">For God has done what the law, weakened by the flesh, could not do. By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for sin, he condemned sin in the flesh, in order that the righteous requirement of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.</p> </div><h5>Acts 13:38-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44013038.01-4">Let it be known to you therefore, brothers, that through this man forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you, and by him everyone who believes is freed from everything from which you could not be freed by the law of Moses.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 1:68-69</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42001068.01-1">“Blessed be the Lord God of Israel,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he has visited and redeemed his people<br/>  and has raised up a horn of salvation for us<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the house of his servant David,</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 1:74-75</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42001074.01-2"><span class="indent"></span>that we, being delivered from the hand of our enemies,<br/> might serve him without fear,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in holiness and righteousness before him all our days.</p> </div> </div><h5>Colossians 1:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001012.01-3">giving thanks to the Father, who has qualified you to share in the inheritance of the saints in light. He has delivered us from the domain of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of his beloved Son, in whom we have redemption, the forgiveness of sins.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006014.01-4">For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 30:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05030019.01-1">I call heaven and earth to witness against you today, that I have set before you life and death, blessing and curse. Therefore choose life, that you and your offspring may live, loving the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, obeying his voice and holding fast to him, for he is your life and length of days, that you may dwell in the land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, to give them.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007022.01-2">For I delight in the law of God, in my inner being,</p> </div><h5>Romans 12:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45012002.01-3">Do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewal of your mind, that by testing you may discern what is the will of God, what is good and acceptable and perfect.</p> </div><h5>Titus 2:11-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56002011.01-4">For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation for all people, training us to renounce ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live self-controlled, upright, and godly lives in the present age, waiting for our blessed hope, the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ, who gave himself for us to redeem us from all lawlessness and to purify for himself a people for his own possession who are zealous for good works.</p> </div><h5>James 1:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001025.01-5">But the one who looks into the perfect law, the law of liberty, and perseveres, being no hearer who forgets but a doer who acts, he will be blessed in his doing.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 03 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 19.6 — Of the law of God, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/02</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 19: Of the Law of God</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> Although true believers be not under the law, as a covenant of works, to be thereby justified, or condemned;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet is it of great use to them, as well as to others; in that, as a rule of life informing them of the will of God, and their duty, it directs and binds them to walk accordingly;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> discovering also the sinful pollutions of their nature, hearts, and lives;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> so as, examining themselves thereby, they may come to further conviction of, humiliation for, and hatred against sin,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> together with a clearer sight of the need they have of Christ, and the perfection of his obedience.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> It is likewise of use to the regenerate, to restrain their corruptions, in that it forbids sin:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> and the threatenings of it serve to show what even their sins deserve; and what afflictions, in this life, they may expect for them, although freed from the curse thereof threatened in the law.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup> The promises of it, in like manner, show them God's approbation of obedience, and what blessings they may expect upon the performance thereof:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf8">8</sup> although not as due to them by the law as a covenant of works.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf9">9</sup> So as, a man's doing good, and refraining from evil, because the law encourageth to the one, and deterreth from the other, is no evidence of his being under the law; and, not under grace.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf10">10</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 2:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">yet we know that a person is not justified by works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ, so we also have believed in Christ Jesus, in order to be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law, because by works of the law no one will be justified.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us—for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree”—</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 4:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law, to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive adoption as sons.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 13:38-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">Let it be known to you therefore, brothers, that through this man forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you, and by him everyone who believes is freed from everything from which you could not be freed by the law of Moses.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Who shall bring any charge against God’s elect? It is God who justifies.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 7:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So the law is holy, and the commandment is holy and righteous and good.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 7:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I delight in the law of God, in my inner being,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 7:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Thanks be to God through Jesus Christ our Lord! So then, I myself serve the law of God with my mind, but with my flesh I serve the law of sin.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:1-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Blessed are those whose way is blameless,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who walk in the law of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!<br/> Blessed are those who keep his testimonies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who seek him with their whole heart,<br/> who also do no wrong,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but walk in his ways!<br/> You have commanded your precepts<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to be kept diligently.<br/> Oh that my ways may be steadfast<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in keeping your statutes!<br/> Then I shall not be put to shame,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>having my eyes fixed on all your commandments.</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 7:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For neither circumcision counts for anything nor uncircumcision, but keeping the commandments of God.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 5:14-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the whole law is fulfilled in one word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” But if you bite and devour one another, watch out that you are not consumed by one another.</p> <p>But I say, walk by the Spirit, and you will not gratify the desires of the flesh. For the desires of the flesh are against the Spirit, and the desires of the Spirit are against the flesh, for these are opposed to each other, to keep you from doing the things you want to do. But if you are led by the Spirit, you are not under the law. Now the works of the flesh are evident: sexual immorality, impurity, sensuality, idolatry, sorcery, enmity, strife, jealousy, fits of anger, rivalries, dissensions, divisions, envy, drunkenness, orgies, and things like these. I warn you, as I warned you before, that those who do such things will not inherit the kingdom of God. But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control; against such things there is no law.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 7:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>What then shall we say? That the law is sin? By no means! Yet if it had not been for the law, I would not have known sin. For I would not have known what it is to covet if the law had not said, “You shall not covet.”</p> </div> <h5>Romans 7:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Did that which is good, then, bring death to me? By no means! It was sin, producing death in me through what is good, in order that sin might be shown to be sin, and through the commandment might become sinful beyond measure.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For by works of the law no human being will be justified in his sight, since through the law comes knowledge of sin.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 1:23-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001023.01-1">For if anyone is a hearer of the word and not a doer, he is like a man who looks intently at his natural face in a mirror. For he looks at himself and goes away and at once forgets what he was like. But the one who looks into the perfect law, the law of liberty, and perseveres, being no hearer who forgets but a doer who acts, he will be blessed in his doing.</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007009.01-2">I was once alive apart from the law, but when the commandment came, sin came alive and I died.</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007014.01-3">For we know that the law is spiritual, but I am of the flesh, sold under sin.</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007024.01-4">Wretched man that I am! Who will deliver me from this body of death?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003024.01-1">So then, the law was our guardian until Christ came, in order that we might be justified by faith.</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007024.01-2">Wretched man that I am! Who will deliver me from this body of death? Thanks be to God through Jesus Christ our Lord! So then, I myself serve the law of God with my mind, but with my flesh I serve the law of sin.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008003.01-3">For God has done what the law, weakened by the flesh, could not do. By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for sin, he condemned sin in the flesh, in order that the righteous requirement of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 2:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For he who said, “Do not commit adultery,” also said, “Do not murder.” If you do not commit adultery but do murder, you have become a transgressor of the law. So speak and so act as those who are to be judged under the law of liberty.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:101</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I hold back my feet from every evil way,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in order to keep your word.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:104</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Through your precepts I get understanding;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>therefore I hate every false way.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:128</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Therefore I consider all your precepts to be right;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I hate every false way.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezra 9:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And after all that has come upon us for our evil deeds and for our great guilt, seeing that you, our God, have punished us less than our iniquities deserved and have given us such a remnant as this, shall we break your commandments again and intermarry with the peoples who practice these abominations? Would you not be angry with us until you consumed us, so that there should be no remnant, nor any to escape?</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 89:30-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">If his children forsake my law<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not walk according to my rules,<br/> if they violate my statutes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not keep my commandments,<br/> then I will punish their transgression with the rod<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their iniquity with stripes,<br/> but I will not remove from him my steadfast love<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or be false to my faithfulness.<br/> I will not violate my covenant<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or alter the word that went forth from my lips.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us—for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree”—</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 19:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now therefore, if you will indeed obey my voice and keep my covenant, you shall be my treasured possession among all peoples, for all the earth is mine; and you shall be to me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation.’ These are the words that you shall speak to the people of Israel.”</p> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 5:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>You shall walk in all the way that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has commanded you, that you may live, and that it may go well with you, and that you may live long in the land that you shall possess.</p> </div> <h5>Leviticus 18:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>You shall therefore keep my statutes and my rules; if a person does them, he shall live by them: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 19:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he said to him, <span class="woc">“Why do you ask me about what is good? There is only one who is good. If you would enter life, keep the commandments.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Leviticus 26:1-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“You shall not make idols for yourselves or erect an image or pillar, and you shall not set up a figured stone in your land to bow down to it, for I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. You shall keep my Sabbaths and reverence my sanctuary: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> <p>“If you walk in my statutes and observe my commandments and do them, then I will give you your rains in their season, and the land shall yield its increase, and the trees of the field shall yield their fruit. Your threshing shall last to the time of the grape harvest, and the grape harvest shall last to the time for sowing. And you shall eat your bread to the full and dwell in your land securely. I will give peace in the land, and you shall lie down, and none shall make you afraid. And I will remove harmful beasts from the land, and the sword shall not go through your land. You shall chase your enemies, and they shall fall before you by the sword. Five of you shall chase a hundred, and a hundred of you shall chase ten thousand, and your enemies shall fall before you by the sword. I will turn to you and make you fruitful and multiply you and will confirm my covenant with you. You shall eat old store long kept, and you shall clear out the old to make way for the new. I will make my dwelling among you, and my soul shall not abhor you. And I will walk among you and will be your God, and you shall be my people. I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, who brought you out of the land of Egypt, that you should not be their slaves. And I have broken the bars of your yoke and made you walk erect.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 6:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>What agreement has the temple of God with idols? For we are the temple of the living God; as God said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“I will make my dwelling among them and walk among them,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will be their God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and they shall be my people.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Ephesians 6:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Honor your father and mother” (this is the first commandment with a promise), “that it may go well with you and that you may live long in the land.”</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 19:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Moreover, by them is your servant warned;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in keeping them there is great reward.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 37:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">But the meek shall inherit the land<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and delight themselves in abundant peace.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Matthew 5:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 2:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">yet we know that a person is not justified by works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ, so we also have believed in Christ Jesus, in order to be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law, because by works of the law no one will be justified.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 17:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">So you also, when you have done all that you were commanded, say, ‘We are unworthy servants; we have only done what was our duty.’”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:12-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let not sin therefore reign in your mortal body, to make you obey its passions. Do not present your members to sin as instruments for unrighteousness, but present yourselves to God as those who have been brought from death to life, and your members to God as instruments for righteousness. For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace.</p> <p>What then? Are we to sin because we are not under law but under grace? By no means!</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 3:8-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Finally, all of you, have unity of mind, sympathy, brotherly love, a tender heart, and a humble mind. Do not repay evil for evil or reviling for reviling, but on the contrary, bless, for to this you were called, that you may obtain a blessing. For</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Whoever desires to love life<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and see good days,<br/> let him keep his tongue from evil<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his lips from speaking deceit;<br/> let him turn away from evil and do good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let him seek peace and pursue it.<br/> For the eyes of the Lord are on the righteous,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his ears are open to their prayer.<br/> But the face of the Lord is against those who do evil.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 34:12-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">What man is there who desires life<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and loves many days, that he may see good?<br/> Keep your tongue from evil<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your lips from speaking deceit.<br/> Turn away from evil and do good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>seek peace and pursue it.<br/> The eyes of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> are toward the righteous<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his ears toward their cry.<br/> The face of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is against those who do evil,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to cut off the memory of them from the earth.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Hebrews 12:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore let us be grateful for receiving a kingdom that cannot be shaken, and thus let us offer to God acceptable worship, with reverence and awe, for our God is a consuming fire.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 02 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 96 — What particular use is there of the moral law to unregenerate men?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/07/01</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 96.</span> What particular use is there of the moral law to unregenerate men?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The moral law is of use to unregenerate men, to awaken their consciences to flee from wrath to come,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and to drive them to Christ;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> or, upon their continuance in the estate and way of sin, to leave them inexcusable,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and under the curse thereof.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 51:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051013.01-1">Then I will teach transgressors your ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and sinners will return to you.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Timothy 1:9-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54001009.01-2">understanding this, that the law is not laid down for the just but for the lawless and disobedient, for the ungodly and sinners, for the unholy and profane, for those who strike their fathers and mothers, for murderers, the sexually immoral, men who practice homosexuality, enslavers, liars, perjurers, and whatever else is contrary to sound doctrine, in accordance with the gospel of the glory of the blessed God with which I have been entrusted.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003024.01-1">So then, the law was our guardian until Christ came, in order that we might be justified by faith.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001020.01-1">For his invisible attributes, namely, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ever since the creation of the world, in the things that have been made. So they are without excuse.</p> </div><h5>Romans 2:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002015.01-2">They show that the work of the law is written on their hearts, while their conscience also bears witness, and their conflicting thoughts accuse or even excuse them  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p48003010.07-1">For all who rely on works of the law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 01 Jul 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 95 — Of what use is the moral law to all men?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/30</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 95.</span> Of what use is the moral law to all men?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The moral law is of use to all men, to inform them of the holy nature and will of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and of their duty, binding them to walk accordingly;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> to convince them of their disability to keep it, and of the sinful pollution of their nature, hearts, and lives;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> to humble them in the sense of their sin and misery,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> and thereby help them to a clearer sight of the need they have of Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> and of the perfection of his obedience.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001020.01-1">For his invisible attributes, namely, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ever since the creation of the world, in the things that have been made. So they are without excuse.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 11:44-45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03011044.01-2">For I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. Consecrate yourselves therefore, and be holy, for I am holy. You shall not defile yourselves with any swarming thing that crawls on the ground. For I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> who brought you up out of the land of Egypt to be your God. You shall therefore be holy, for I am holy.”</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 20:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03020007.01-3">Consecrate yourselves, therefore, and be holy, for I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. Keep my statutes and do them; I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> who sanctifies you.</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007012.01-4">So the law is holy, and the commandment is holy and righteous and good.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Micah 6:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p33006008.01-1">He has told you, O man, what is good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and what does the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> require of you<br/> but to do justice, and to love kindness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to walk humbly with your God?</p> </div> </div><h5>James 2:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002010.01-2">For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become accountable for all of it. For he who said, “Do not commit adultery,” also said, “Do not murder.” If you do not commit adultery but do murder, you have become a transgressor of the law.</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001032.01-3">Though they know God's decree that those who practice such things deserve to die, they not only do them but give approval to those who practice them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 19:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19019011.01-1">Moreover, by them is your servant warned;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in keeping them there is great reward.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19019012.01-1">Who can discern his errors?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Declare me innocent from hidden faults.</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 3:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003020.01-2">For by works of the law no human being will be justified in his sight, since through the law comes knowledge of sin.</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45007007.05-3">What then shall we say? That the law is sin? By no means! Yet if it had not been for the law, I would not have known sin. For I would not have known what it is to covet if the law had not said, “You shall not covet.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45003009.05-1">What then? Are we Jews any better off? No, not at all. For we have already charged that all, both Jews and Greeks, are under sin,</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003023.01-2">for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003021.01-1">Is the law then contrary to the promises of God? Certainly not! For if a law had been given that could give life, then righteousness would indeed be by the law. But the Scripture imprisoned everything under sin, so that the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003024.01-2">So then, the law was our guardian until Christ came, in order that we might be justified by faith.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 10:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010004.01-1">For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to everyone who believes.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 94 — Is there any use of the moral law since the fall?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/29</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 94.</span> Is there any use of the moral law to man since the fall?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Although no man, since the fall, can attain to righteousness and life by the moral law;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> yet there is great use thereof, as well common to all men, as peculiar either to the unregenerate, or the regenerate.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008003.01-1">For God has done what the law, weakened by the flesh, could not do. By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for sin, he condemned sin in the flesh,</p> </div><h5>Galatians 2:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48002016.01-2">yet we know that a person is not justified by works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ, so we also have believed in Christ Jesus, in order to be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law, because by works of the law no one will be justified.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 1:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54001008.01-1">Now we know that the law is good, if one uses it lawfully,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 19.5 — Of the law of God, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/28</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 19: Of the Law of God</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> The moral law doth forever bind all, as well justified persons as others, to the obedience thereof;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and that, not only in regard of the matter contained in it, but also in respect of the authority of God the Creator, who gave it.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> Neither doth Christ, in the gospel, any way dissolve, but much strengthen this obligation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 13:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Owe no one anything, except to love each other, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law. For the commandments, “You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,” and any other commandment, are summed up in this word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Do we then overthrow the law by this faith? By no means! On the contrary, we uphold the law.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 7:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Thanks be to God through Jesus Christ our Lord! So then, I myself serve the law of God with my mind, but with my flesh I serve the law of sin.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 9:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>To those outside the law I became as one outside the law (not being outside the law of God but under the law of Christ) that I might win those outside the law.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 5:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the whole law is fulfilled in one word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 6:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Honor your father and mother” (this is the first commandment with a promise), “that it may go well with you and that you may live long in the land.”</p> </div> <h5>1 John 2:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And by this we know that we have come to know him, if we keep his commandments. Whoever says “I know him” but does not keep his commandments is a liar, and the truth is not in him,</p> </div> <h5>1 John 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Beloved, I am writing you no new commandment, but an old commandment that you had from the beginning. The old commandment is the word that you have heard.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For by works of the law no human being will be justified in his sight, since through the law comes knowledge of sin.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 7:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>What then shall we say? That the law is sin? By no means! Yet if it had not been for the law, I would not have known sin. For I would not have known what it is to covet if the law had not said, “You shall not covet.” But sin, seizing an opportunity through the commandment, produced in me all kinds of covetousness. For apart from the law, sin lies dead.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 3:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Everyone who makes a practice of sinning also practices lawlessness; sin is lawlessness.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 6:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>What then? Are we to sin because we are not under law but under grace? By no means!</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 6:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Hear, O Israel: The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is one. You shall love the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 20:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For in six days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now we know that whatever the law says it speaks to those who are under the law, so that every mouth may be stopped, and the whole world may be held accountable to God.</p> </div> <h5>James 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If you really fulfill the royal law according to the Scripture, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself,” you are doing well.</p> </div> <h5>James 2:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become guilty of all of it. For he who said, “Do not commit adultery,” also said, “Do not murder.” If you do not commit adultery but do murder, you have become a transgressor of the law.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 19:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He answered, <span class="woc">“Have you not read that he who created them from the beginning made them male and female,</span> <span class="woc">and said, ‘Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh’?</span> <span class="woc">So they are no longer two but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let not man separate.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Genesis 17:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>When Abram was ninety-nine years old the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> appeared to Abram and said to him, “I am God Almighty; walk before me, and be blameless,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:17-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them.</span> <span class="woc">For truly, I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, not an iota, not a dot, will pass from the Law until all is accomplished.</span> <span class="woc">Therefore whoever relaxes one of the least of these commandments and teaches others to do the same will be called least in the kingdom of heaven, but whoever does them and teaches them will be called great in the kingdom of heaven.</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Do we then overthrow the law by this faith? By no means! On the contrary, we uphold the law.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 9:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>To those outside the law I became as one outside the law (not being outside the law of God but under the law of Christ) that I might win those outside the law.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 16:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But it is easier for heaven and earth to pass away than for one dot of the Law to become void.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“Everyone who divorces his wife and marries another commits adultery, and he who marries a woman divorced from her husband commits adultery.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 28 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 19.4 — Of the law of God, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/27</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 19: Of the Law of God</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> To them also, as a body politic, he gave sundry judicial laws, which expired together with the State of that people; not obliging any other now, further than the general equity thereof may require.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 21:1-23:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Now these are the rules that you shall set before them. When you buy a Hebrew slave, he shall serve six years, and in the seventh he shall go out free, for nothing. If he comes in single, he shall go out single; if he comes in married, then his wife shall go out with him. If his master gives him a wife and she bears him sons or daughters, the wife and her children shall be her master’s, and he shall go out alone. But if the slave plainly says, ‘I love my master, my wife, and my children; I will not go out free,’ then his master shall bring him to God, and he shall bring him to the door or the doorpost. And his master shall bore his ear through with an awl, and he shall be his slave forever.</p> <p>“When a man sells his daughter as a slave, she shall not go out as the male slaves do. If she does not please her master, who has designated her for himself, then he shall let her be redeemed. He shall have no right to sell her to a foreign people, since he has broken faith with her. If he designates her for his son, he shall deal with her as with a daughter. If he takes another wife to himself, he shall not diminish her food, her clothing, or her marital rights. And if he does not do these three things for her, she shall go out for nothing, without payment of money.</p> <p>“Whoever strikes a man so that he dies shall be put to death. But if he did not lie in wait for him, but God let him fall into his hand, then I will appoint for you a place to which he may flee. But if a man willfully attacks another to kill him by cunning, you shall take him from my altar, that he may die.</p> <p>“Whoever strikes his father or his mother shall be put to death.</p> <p>“Whoever steals a man and sells him, and anyone found in possession of him, shall be put to death.</p> <p>“Whoever curses his father or his mother shall be put to death.</p> <p>“When men quarrel and one strikes the other with a stone or with his fist and the man does not die but takes to his bed, then if the man rises again and walks outdoors with his staff, he who struck him shall be clear; only he shall pay for the loss of his time, and shall have him thoroughly healed.</p> <p>“When a man strikes his slave, male or female, with a rod and the slave dies under his hand, he shall be avenged. But if the slave survives a day or two, he is not to be avenged, for the slave is his money.</p> <p>“When men strive together and hit a pregnant woman, so that her children come out, but there is no harm, the one who hit her shall surely be fined, as the woman’s husband shall impose on him, and he shall pay as the judges determine. But if there is harm, then you shall pay life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot, burn for burn, wound for wound, stripe for stripe.</p> <p>“When a man strikes the eye of his slave, male or female, and destroys it, he shall let the slave go free because of his eye. If he knocks out the tooth of his slave, male or female, he shall let the slave go free because of his tooth.</p> <p>“When an ox gores a man or a woman to death, the ox shall be stoned, and its flesh shall not be eaten, but the owner of the ox shall not be liable. But if the ox has been accustomed to gore in the past, and its owner has been warned but has not kept it in, and it kills a man or a woman, the ox shall be stoned, and its owner also shall be put to death. If a ransom is imposed on him, then he shall give for the redemption of his life whatever is imposed on him. If it gores a man’s son or daughter, he shall be dealt with according to this same rule. If the ox gores a slave, male or female, the owner shall give to their master thirty shekels of silver, and the ox shall be stoned.</p> <p>“When a man opens a pit, or when a man digs a pit and does not cover it, and an ox or a donkey falls into it, the owner of the pit shall make restoration. He shall give money to its owner, and the dead beast shall be his.</p> <p>“When one man’s ox butts another’s, so that it dies, then they shall sell the live ox and share its price, and the dead beast also they shall share. Or if it is known that the ox has been accustomed to gore in the past, and its owner has not kept it in, he shall repay ox for ox, and the dead beast shall be his.</p> <p>“If a man steals an ox or a sheep, and kills it or sells it, he shall repay five oxen for an ox, and four sheep for a sheep. If a thief is found breaking in and is struck so that he dies, there shall be no bloodguilt for him, but if the sun has risen on him, there shall be bloodguilt for him. He shall surely pay. If he has nothing, then he shall be sold for his theft. If the stolen beast is found alive in his possession, whether it is an ox or a donkey or a sheep, he shall pay double.</p> <p>“If a man causes a field or vineyard to be grazed over, or lets his beast loose and it feeds in another man’s field, he shall make restitution from the best in his own field and in his own vineyard.</p> <p>“If fire breaks out and catches in thorns so that the stacked grain or the standing grain or the field is consumed, he who started the fire shall make full restitution.</p> <p>“If a man gives to his neighbor money or goods to keep safe, and it is stolen from the man’s house, then, if the thief is found, he shall pay double. If the thief is not found, the owner of the house shall come near to God to show whether or not he has put his hand to his neighbor’s property. For every breach of trust, whether it is for an ox, for a donkey, for a sheep, for a cloak, or for any kind of lost thing, of which one says, ‘This is it,’ the case of both parties shall come before God. The one whom God condemns shall pay double to his neighbor.</p> <p>“If a man gives to his neighbor a donkey or an ox or a sheep or any beast to keep safe, and it dies or is injured or is driven away, without anyone seeing it, an oath by the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall be between them both to see whether or not he has put his hand to his neighbor’s property. The owner shall accept the oath, and he shall not make restitution. But if it is stolen from him, he shall make restitution to its owner. If it is torn by beasts, let him bring it as evidence. He shall not make restitution for what has been torn.</p> <p>“If a man borrows anything of his neighbor, and it is injured or dies, the owner not being with it, he shall make full restitution. If the owner was with it, he shall not make restitution; if it was hired, it came for its hiring fee.</p> <p>“If a man seduces a virgin who is not betrothed and lies with her, he shall give the bride-price for her and make her his wife. If her father utterly refuses to give her to him, he shall pay money equal to the bride-price for virgins.</p> <p>“You shall not permit a sorceress to live.</p> <p>“Whoever lies with an animal shall be put to death.</p> <p>“Whoever sacrifices to any god, other than the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> alone, shall be devoted to destruction.</p> <p>“You shall not wrong a sojourner or oppress him, for you were sojourners in the land of Egypt. You shall not mistreat any widow or fatherless child. If you do mistreat them, and they cry out to me, I will surely hear their cry, and my wrath will burn, and I will kill you with the sword, and your wives shall become widows and your children fatherless.</p> <p>“If you lend money to any of my people with you who is poor, you shall not be like a moneylender to him, and you shall not exact interest from him. If ever you take your neighbor’s cloak in pledge, you shall return it to him before the sun goes down, for that is his only covering, and it is his cloak for his body; in what else shall he sleep? And if he cries to me, I will hear, for I am compassionate.</p> <p>“You shall not revile God, nor curse a ruler of your people.</p> <p>“You shall not delay to offer from the fullness of your harvest and from the outflow of your presses. The firstborn of your sons you shall give to me. You shall do the same with your oxen and with your sheep: seven days it shall be with its mother; on the eighth day you shall give it to me.</p> <p>“You shall be consecrated to me. Therefore you shall not eat any flesh that is torn by beasts in the field; you shall throw it to the dogs.</p> <p>“You shall not spread a false report. You shall not join hands with a wicked man to be a malicious witness. You shall not fall in with the many to do evil, nor shall you bear witness in a lawsuit, siding with the many, so as to pervert justice, nor shall you be partial to a poor man in his lawsuit.</p> <p>“If you meet your enemy’s ox or his donkey going astray, you shall bring it back to him. If you see the donkey of one who hates you lying down under its burden, you shall refrain from leaving him with it; you shall rescue it with him.</p> <p>“You shall not pervert the justice due to your poor in his lawsuit. Keep far from a false charge, and do not kill the innocent and righteous, for I will not acquit the wicked. And you shall take no bribe, for a bribe blinds the clear-sighted and subverts the cause of those who are in the right.</p> <p>“You shall not oppress a sojourner. You know the heart of a sojourner, for you were sojourners in the land of Egypt.</p> <p>“For six years you shall sow your land and gather in its yield, but the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow, that the poor of your people may eat; and what they leave the beasts of the field may eat. You shall do likewise with your vineyard, and with your olive orchard.</p> <p>“Six days you shall do your work, but on the seventh day you shall rest; that your ox and your donkey may have rest, and the son of your servant woman, and the alien, may be refreshed.</p> <p>“Pay attention to all that I have said to you, and make no mention of the names of other gods, nor let it be heard on your lips.</p> <p>“Three times in the year you shall keep a feast to me. You shall keep the Feast of Unleavened Bread. As I commanded you, you shall eat unleavened bread for seven days at the appointed time in the month of Abib, for in it you came out of Egypt. None shall appear before me empty-handed. You shall keep the Feast of Harvest, of the firstfruits of your labor, of what you sow in the field. You shall keep the Feast of Ingathering at the end of the year, when you gather in from the field the fruit of your labor. Three times in the year shall all your males appear before the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>.</p> <p>“You shall not offer the blood of my sacrifice with anything leavened, or let the fat of my feast remain until the morning.</p> <p>“The best of the firstfruits of your ground you shall bring into the house of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God.</p> <p>“You shall not boil a young goat in its mother’s milk.</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 49:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The scepter shall not depart from Judah,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor the ruler’s staff from between his feet,<br/> until tribute comes to him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to him shall be the obedience of the peoples.</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Peter 2:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Be subject for the Lord’s sake to every human institution, whether it be to the emperor as supreme, or to governors as sent by him to punish those who do evil and to praise those who do good.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 9:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Do I say these things on human authority? Does not the Law say the same? For it is written in the Law of Moses, “You shall not muzzle an ox when it treads out the grain.” Is it for oxen that God is concerned? Does he not certainly speak for our sake? It was written for our sake, because the plowman should plow in hope and the thresher thresh in hope of sharing in the crop.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 27 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 19.3 — Of the law of God, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/26</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 19: Of the Law of God</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> Beside this law, commonly called moral, God was pleased to give to the people of Israel, as a church under age, ceremonial laws, containing several typical ordinances, partly of worship, prefiguring Christ, his graces, actions, sufferings, and benefits;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and partly, holding forth divers instructions of moral duties.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> All which ceremonial laws are now abrogated, under the new testament.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 10:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For since the law has but a shadow of the good things to come instead of the true form of these realities, it can never, by the same sacrifices that are continually offered every year, make perfect those who draw near.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 4:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I mean that the heir, as long as he is a child, is no different from a slave, though he is the owner of everything, but he is under guardians and managers until the date set by his father. In the same way we also, when we were children, were enslaved to the elementary principles of the world.</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>These are a shadow of the things to come, but the substance belongs to Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 9:1-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now even the first covenant had regulations for worship and an earthly place of holiness. For a tent was prepared, the first section, in which were the lampstand and the table and the bread of the Presence. It is called the Holy Place. Behind the second curtain was a second section called the Most Holy Place, having the golden altar of incense and the ark of the covenant covered on all sides with gold, in which was a golden urn holding the manna, and Aaron’s staff that budded, and the tablets of the covenant. Above it were the cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat. Of these things we cannot now speak in detail.</p> <p>These preparations having thus been made, the priests go regularly into the first section, performing their ritual duties, but into the second only the high priest goes, and he but once a year, and not without taking blood, which he offers for himself and for the unintentional sins of the people. By this the Holy Spirit indicates that the way into the holy places is not yet opened as long as the first section is still standing (which is symbolic for the present age). According to this arrangement, gifts and sacrifices are offered that cannot perfect the conscience of the worshiper, but deal only with food and drink and various washings, regulations for the body imposed until the time of reformation.</p> <p>But when Christ appeared as a high priest of the good things that have come, then through the greater and more perfect tent (not made with hands, that is, not of this creation) he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption. For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the sprinkling of defiled persons with the ashes of a heifer, sanctify for the purification of the flesh, how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.</p> <p>Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred that redeems them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant. For where a will is involved, the death of the one who made it must be established. For a will takes effect only at death, since it is not in force as long as the one who made it is alive. Therefore not even the first covenant was inaugurated without blood. For when every commandment of the law had been declared by Moses to all the people, he took the blood of calves and goats, with water and scarlet wool and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book itself and all the people, saying, “This is the blood of the covenant that God commanded for you.” And in the same way he sprinkled with the blood both the tent and all the vessels used in worship. Indeed, under the law almost everything is purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness of sins.</p> <p>Thus it was necessary for the copies of the heavenly things to be purified with these rites, but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these. For Christ has entered, not into holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true things, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God on our behalf. Nor was it to offer himself repeatedly, as the high priest enters the holy places every year with blood not his own, for then he would have had to suffer repeatedly since the foundation of the world. But as it is, he has appeared once for all at the end of the ages to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself. And just as it is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment, so Christ, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time, not to deal with sin but to save those who are eagerly waiting for him.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 19:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“When you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not reap your field right up to its edge, neither shall you gather the gleanings after your harvest. And you shall not strip your vineyard bare, neither shall you gather the fallen grapes of your vineyard. You shall leave them for the poor and for the sojourner: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God.</p> </div> <h5>Leviticus 19:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“You shall keep my statutes. You shall not let your cattle breed with a different kind. You shall not sow your field with two kinds of seed, nor shall you wear a garment of cloth made of two kinds of material.</p> </div> <h5>Leviticus 19:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“When you come into the land and plant any kind of tree for food, then you shall regard its fruit as forbidden. Three years it shall be forbidden to you; it must not be eaten.</p> </div> <h5>Leviticus 19:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>You shall not round off the hair on your temples or mar the edges of your beard.</p> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 24:19-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“When you reap your harvest in your field and forget a sheaf in the field, you shall not go back to get it. It shall be for the sojourner, the fatherless, and the widow, that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God may bless you in all the work of your hands. When you beat your olive trees, you shall not go over them again. It shall be for the sojourner, the fatherless, and the widow. When you gather the grapes of your vineyard, you shall not strip it afterward. It shall be for the sojourner, the fatherless, and the widow.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 5:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 6:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Therefore go out from their midst,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and be separate from them, says the Lord,<br/> and touch no unclean thing;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>then I will welcome you,</p> </div> </div> <h5>Jude 23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>save others by snatching them out of the fire; to others show mercy with fear, hating even the garment stained by the flesh.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>by canceling the record of debt that stood against us with its legal demands. This he set aside, nailing it to the cross.</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 2:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore let no one pass judgment on you in questions of food and drink, or with regard to a festival or a new moon or a Sabbath. These are a shadow of the things to come, but the substance belongs to Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Daniel 9:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he shall make a strong covenant with many for one week, and for half of the week he shall put an end to sacrifice and offering. And on the wing of abominations shall come one who makes desolate, until the decreed end is poured out on the desolator.”</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>by abolishing the law of commandments expressed in ordinances, that he might create in himself one new man in place of the two, so making peace, and might reconcile us both to God in one body through the cross, thereby killing the hostility.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 9:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but deal only with food and drink and various washings, regulations for the body imposed until the time of reformation.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 10:9-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The next day, as they were on their journey and approaching the city, Peter went up on the housetop about the sixth hour to pray. And he became hungry and wanted something to eat, but while they were preparing it, he fell into a trance and saw the heavens opened and something like a great sheet descending, being let down by its four corners upon the earth. In it were all kinds of animals and reptiles and birds of the air. And there came a voice to him: <span class="woc">“Rise, Peter; kill and eat.”</span> But Peter said, “By no means, Lord; for I have never eaten anything that is common or unclean.” And the voice came to him again a second time, <span class="woc">“What God has made clean, do not call common.”</span> This happened three times, and the thing was taken up at once to heaven.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 11:2-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So when Peter went up to Jerusalem, the circumcision party criticized him, saying, “You went to uncircumcised men and ate with them.” But Peter began and explained it to them in order: “I was in the city of Joppa praying, and in a trance I saw a vision, something like a great sheet descending, being let down from heaven by its four corners, and it came down to me. Looking at it closely, I observed animals and beasts of prey and reptiles and birds of the air. And I heard a voice saying to me, <span class="woc">‘Rise, Peter; kill and eat.’</span> But I said, ‘By no means, Lord; for nothing common or unclean has ever entered my mouth.’ But the voice answered a second time from heaven, <span class="woc">‘What God has made clean, do not call common.’</span> This happened three times, and all was drawn up again into heaven.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 26 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 41 + WLC 98 — Where is the moral law summarily comprehended?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/25</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 41.</span> Where is the moral law summarily comprehended?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The moral law is summarily comprehended in the Ten Commandments.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 98.</span> Where is the moral law summarily comprehended?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The moral law is summarily comprehended in the Ten Commandments, which were delivered by the voice of God upon Mount Sinai, and written by him in two tables of stone;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> and are recorded in the twentieth chapter of Exodus: the four first commandments containing our duty to God, and the other six our duty to man.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05004013.01-1">And he declared to you his covenant, which he commanded you to perform, that is, the Ten Commandments, and he wrote them on two tablets of stone.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 19:17-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019017.01-2">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“Why do you ask me about what is good? There is only one who is good. If you would enter life, keep the commandments.”</span> He said to him, “Which ones?” And Jesus said, <span class="woc">“You shall not murder, You shall not commit adultery, You shall not steal, You shall not bear false witness,</span> <span class="woc">Honor your father and mother, and, You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05004013.01-1">And he declared to you his covenant, which he commanded you to perform, that is, the Ten Commandments, and he wrote them on two tablets of stone.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 10:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05010004.01-2">And he wrote on the tablets, in the same writing as before, the Ten Commandments that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> had spoken to you on the mountain out of the midst of the fire on the day of the assembly. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> gave them to me.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 34:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p02034001.05-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v02034001-3">34:1 </span>The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Moses, “Cut for yourself two tablets of stone like the first, and I will write on the tablets the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke. Be ready by the morning, and come up in the morning to Mount Sinai, and present yourself there to me on the top of the mountain. No one shall come up with you, and let no one be seen throughout all the mountain. Let no flocks or herds graze opposite that mountain.” So Moses cut two tablets of stone like the first. And he rose early in the morning and went up on Mount Sinai, as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> had commanded him, and took in his hand two tablets of stone.</p> </div><h5>Romans 13:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45013008.06-4">Owe no one anything, except to love each other, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law. For the commandments, “You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,” and any other commandment, are summed up in this word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.</p> </div><h5>James 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002008.01-5">If you really fulfill the royal law according to the Scripture, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself,” you are doing well.</p> </div><h5>James 2:10-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002010.01-6">For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become accountable for all of it. For he who said, “Do not commit adultery,” also said, “Do not murder.” If you do not commit adultery but do murder, you have become a transgressor of the law. So speak and so act as those who are to be judged under the law of liberty.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 22:37-40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40022037.01-1">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.</span> <span class="woc">This is the great and first commandment.</span> <span class="woc">And a second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself.</span> <span class="woc">On these two commandments depend all the Law and the Prophets.”</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 19:17-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019017.01-2">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“Why do you ask me about what is good? There is only one who is good. If you would enter life, keep the commandments.”</span> He said to him, “Which ones?” And Jesus said, <span class="woc">“You shall not murder, You shall not commit adultery, You shall not steal, You shall not bear false witness,</span> <span class="woc">Honor your father and mother, and, You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 25 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 19.2 — Of the law of God, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/24</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 19: Of the Law of God</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> This law, after his fall, continued to be a perfect rule of righteousness; and, as such, was delivered by God upon Mount Sinai, in ten commandments, and written in two tables:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> the first four commandments containing our duty towards God; and the other six, our duty to man.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 1:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the one who looks into the perfect law, the law of liberty, and perseveres, being no hearer who forgets but a doer who acts, he will be blessed in his doing.</p> </div> <h5>James 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If you really fulfill the royal law according to the Scripture, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself,” you are doing well.</p> </div> <h5>James 2:10-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become guilty of all of it. For he who said, “Do not commit adultery,” also said, “Do not murder.” If you do not commit adultery but do murder, you have become a transgressor of the law. So speak and so act as those who are to be judged under the law of liberty.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now we know that whatever the law says it speaks to those who are under the law, so that every mouth may be stopped, and the whole world may be held accountable to God.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 13:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Owe no one anything, except to love each other, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law. For the commandments, “You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,” and any other commandment, are summed up in this word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”</p> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 5:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>You shall be careful therefore to do as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has commanded you. You shall not turn aside to the right hand or to the left.</p> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 10:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he wrote on the tablets, in the same writing as before, the Ten Commandments that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> had spoken to you on the mountain out of the midst of the fire on the day of the assembly. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> gave them to me.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 34:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Moses, “Cut for yourself two tablets of stone like the first, and I will write on the tablets the words that were on the first tablets, which you broke.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:3-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“You shall have no other gods before me.</p> <p>“You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.</p> <p>“You shall not take the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in vain, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.</p> <p>“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor, and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates. For in six days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.</p> <p>“Honor your father and your mother, that your days may be long in the land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is giving you.</p> <p>“You shall not murder.</p> <p>“You shall not commit adultery.</p> <p>“You shall not steal.</p> <p>“You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor.</p> <p>“You shall not covet your neighbor’s house; you shall not covet your neighbor’s wife, or his male servant, or his female servant, or his ox, or his donkey, or anything that is your neighbor’s.”</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 22:37-40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he said to him, <span class="woc">“You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.</span> <span class="woc">This is the great and first commandment.</span> <span class="woc">And a second is like it: You shall love your neighbor as yourself.</span> <span class="woc">On these two commandments depend all the Law and the Prophets.”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 93 — What is the moral law?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/23</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 93.</span> What is the moral law?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The moral law is the declaration of the will of God to mankind, directing and binding everyone to personal, perfect, and perpetual conformity and obedience thereunto, in the frame and disposition of the whole man, soul and body,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and in performance of all those duties of holiness and righteousness which he oweth to God and man:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> promising life upon the fulfilling, and threatening death upon the breach of it.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 5:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05005001.04-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v05005001-1">5:1 </span>And Moses summoned all Israel and said to them, “Hear, O Israel, the statutes and the rules that I speak in your hearing today, and you shall learn them and be careful to do them. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God made a covenant with us in Horeb. Not with our fathers did the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> make this covenant, but with us, who are all of us here alive today.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005031.01-2">But you, stand here by me, and I will tell you the whole commandment and the statutes and the rules that you shall teach them, that they may do them in the land that I am giving them to possess.’</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 5:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005033.01-3">You shall walk in all the way that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has commanded you, that you may live, and that it may go well with you, and that you may live long in the land that you shall possess.</p> </div><h5>Luke 10:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42010026.01-4">He said to him, <span class="woc">“What is written in the Law? How do you read it?”</span> And he answered, “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your strength and with all your mind, and your neighbor as yourself.”</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52005023.01-5">Now may the God of peace himself sanctify you completely, and may your whole spirit and soul and body be kept blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004024.01-6">and to put on the new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 1:75</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42001075.01-1"><span class="indent"></span>in holiness and righteousness before him all our days.</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 24:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44024016.01-2">So I always take pains to have a clear conscience toward both God and man.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 1:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001015.01-3">but as he who called you is holy, you also be holy in all your conduct, since it is written, “You shall be holy, for I am holy.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 10:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45010005.07-1">For Moses writes about the righteousness that is based on the law, that the person who does the commandments shall live by them.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p48003010.07-2">For all who rely on works of the law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.”</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003012.01-3">But the law is not of faith, rather “The one who does them shall live by them.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005012.07-4">Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 23 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 40 + WLC 92 — What did God at first reveal to man for the rule of his obedience?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/22</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 40.</span> What did God at first reveal to man for the rule of his obedience?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The rule which God at first revealed to man for his obedience, was the moral law.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 92.</span> What did God at first reveal unto man as the rule of his obedience?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The rule of obedience revealed to Adam in the estate of innocence, and to all mankind in him, besides a special command not to eat of the fruit of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, was the moral law.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 2:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002014.01-1">For when Gentiles, who do not have the law, by nature do what the law requires, they are a law to themselves, even though they do not have the law. They show that the work of the law is written on their hearts, while their conscience also bears witness, and their conflicting thoughts accuse or even excuse them</p> </div><h5>Romans 10:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45010005.07-2">For Moses writes about the righteousness that is based on the law, that the person who does the commandments shall live by them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01001026.01-1">Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, after our likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.”</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01001027.01-1">So God created man in his own image,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the image of God he created him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>male and female he created them.</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 2:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002014.01-2">For when Gentiles, who do not have the law, by nature do what the law requires, they are a law to themselves, even though they do not have the law. They show that the work of the law is written on their hearts, while their conscience also bears witness, and their conflicting thoughts accuse or even excuse them</p> </div><h5>Romans 10:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45010005.07-3">For Moses writes about the righteousness that is based on the law, that the person who does the commandments shall live by them.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002017.01-4">but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 19.1 — Of the law of God, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/21</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 19: Of the Law of God</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> God gave to Adam a law, as a covenant of works, by which he bound him and all his posterity to personal, entire, exact, and perpetual obedience, promised life upon the fulfilling, and threatened death upon the breach of it, and endued him with power and ability to keep it.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, after our likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.”</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">So God created man in his own image,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the image of God he created him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>male and female he created them.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Genesis 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 4:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and to put on the new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 2:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For when Gentiles, who do not have the law, by nature do what the law requires, they are a law to themselves, even though they do not have the law. They show that the work of the law is written on their hearts, while their conscience also bears witness, and their conflicting thoughts accuse or even excuse them</p> </div> <h5>Romans 10:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For Moses writes about the righteousness that is based on the law, that the person who does the commandments shall live by them.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—</p> </div> <h5>Romans 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For all who rely on works of the law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.”</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the law is not of faith, rather “The one who does them shall live by them.”</p> </div> <h5>Ecclesiastes 7:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>See, this alone I found, that God made man upright, but they have sought out many schemes.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 39 + WLC 91 — What is the duty which God requireth of man?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/20</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 39.</span> What is the duty which God requireth of man?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The duty which God requireth of man, is obedience to his revealed will.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 91.</span> What is the duty which God requireth of man?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The duty which God requireth of man, is obedience to his revealed will.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 29:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05029029.01-1">“The secret things belong to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, but the things that are revealed belong to us and to our children forever, that we may do all the words of this law.</p> </div><h5>Micah 6:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p33006008.01-2">He has told you, O man, what is good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and what does the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> require of you<br/> but to do justice, and to love kindness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to walk humbly with your God?</p> </div> </div><h5>1 John 5:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62005002.01-3">By this we know that we love the children of God, when we love God and obey his commandments. For this is the love of God, that we keep his commandments. And his commandments are not burdensome.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 29:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05029029.01-1">“The secret things belong to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, but the things that are revealed belong to us and to our children forever, that we may do all the words of this law.</p> </div><h5>Micah 6:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p33006008.01-2">He has told you, O man, what is good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and what does the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> require of you<br/> but to do justice, and to love kindness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to walk humbly with your God?</p> </div> </div><h5>1 John 5:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62005002.01-3">By this we know that we love the children of God, when we love God and obey his commandments. For this is the love of God, that we keep his commandments. And his commandments are not burdensome.</p> </div><h5>Romans 12:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45012001.04-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45012001-4">12:1 </span>I appeal to you therefore, brothers, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship. Do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewal of your mind, that by testing you may discern what is the will of God, what is good and acceptable and perfect.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 15:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09015022.01-5">And Samuel said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p09015022.04-5">“Has the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> as great delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as in obeying the voice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>?<br/> Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to listen than the fat of rams.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 20 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 18.4 — Of the assurance of grace and salvation, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/19</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 18: Of the Assurance of Grace and Salvation</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> True believers may have the assurance of their salvation divers ways shaken, diminished, and intermitted; as, by negligence in preserving of it, by falling into some special sin which woundeth the conscience and grieveth the Spirit; by some sudden or vehement temptation, by God's withdrawing the light of his countenance, and suffering even such as fear him to walk in darkness and to have no light:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet are they never utterly destitute of that seed of God, and life of faith, that love of Christ and the brethren, that sincerity of heart, and conscience of duty, out of which, by the operation of the Spirit, this assurance may, in due time, be revived;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and by the which, in the meantime, they are supported from utter despair.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 51:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Let me hear joy and gladness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let the bones that you have broken rejoice.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 51:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Restore to me the joy of your salvation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and uphold me with a willing spirit.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 51:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Deliver me from bloodguiltiness, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O God of my salvation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my tongue will sing aloud of your righteousness.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Ephesians 4:30-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption. Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be put away from you, along with all malice.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 77:1-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I cry aloud to God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>aloud to God, and he will hear me.<br/> In the day of my trouble I seek the Lord;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the night my hand is stretched out without wearying;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my soul refuses to be comforted.<br/> When I remember God, I moan;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I meditate, my spirit faints. Selah<br/> You hold my eyelids open;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I am so troubled that I cannot speak.<br/> I consider the days of old,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the years long ago.<br/> I said, “Let me remember my song in the night;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let me meditate in my heart.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Then my spirit made a diligent search:<br/> “Will the Lord spurn forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and never again be favorable?<br/> Has his steadfast love forever ceased?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Are his promises at an end for all time?<br/> Has God forgotten to be gracious?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Has he in anger shut up his compassion?” Selah<br/> Then I said, “I will appeal to this,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to the years of the right hand of the Most High.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 31:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I had said in my alarm,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“I am cut off from your sight.”<br/> But you heard the voice of my pleas for mercy<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I cried to you for help.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Matthew 26:69-72</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now Peter was sitting outside in the courtyard. And a servant girl came up to him and said, “You also were with Jesus the Galilean.” But he denied it before them all, saying, “I do not know what you mean.” And when he went out to the entrance, another servant girl saw him, and she said to the bystanders, “This man was with Jesus of Nazareth.” And again he denied it with an oath: “I do not know the man.”</p> </div> <h5>Luke 22:31-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Simon, Simon, behold, Satan demanded to have you, that he might sift you like wheat,</span> <span class="woc">but I have prayed for you that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned again, strengthen your brothers.”</span> Peter said to him, “Lord, I am ready to go with you both to prison and to death.” Jesus said, <span class="woc">“I tell you, Peter, the rooster will not crow this day, until you deny three times that you know me.”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>No one born of God makes a practice of sinning, for God’s seed abides in him; and he cannot keep on sinning, because he has been born of God.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 22:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">but I have prayed for you that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned again, strengthen your brothers.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Psalm 51:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Let me hear joy and gladness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let the bones that you have broken rejoice.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 51:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Restore to me the joy of your salvation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and uphold me with a willing spirit.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 73:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">If I had said, “I will speak thus,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I would have betrayed the generation of your children.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Micah 7:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">But as for me, I will look to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will wait for the God of my salvation;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my God will hear me.<br/> Rejoice not over me, O my enemy;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I fall, I shall rise;<br/> when I sit in darkness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will be a light to me.<br/> I will bear the indignation of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>because I have sinned against him,<br/> until he pleads my cause<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and executes judgment for me.<br/> He will bring me out to the light;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I shall look upon his vindication.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 32:40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I will make with them an everlasting covenant, that I will not turn away from doing good to them. And I will put the fear of me in their hearts, that they may not turn from me.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 54:7-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">For a brief moment I deserted you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but with great compassion I will gather you.<br/> In overflowing anger for a moment<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I hid my face from you,<br/> but with everlasting love I will have compassion on you,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, your Redeemer.<br/> “This is like the days of Noah to me:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as I swore that the waters of Noah<br/> <span class="indent"></span>should no more go over the earth,<br/> so I have sworn that I will not be angry with you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and will not rebuke you.<br/> For the mountains may depart<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the hills be removed,<br/> but my steadfast love shall not depart from you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my covenant of peace shall not be removed,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, who has compassion on you.<br/> “O afflicted one, storm-tossed and not comforted,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>behold, I will set your stones in antimony,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and lay your foundations with sapphires.<br/> I will make your pinnacles of agate,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your gates of carbuncles,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all your wall of precious stones.<br/> All your children shall be taught by the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and great shall be the peace of your children.<br/> In righteousness you shall be established;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you shall be far from oppression, for you shall not fear;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and from terror, for it shall not come near you.</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 4:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>We are afflicted in every way, but not crushed; perplexed, but not driven to despair; persecuted, but not forsaken; struck down, but not destroyed; always carrying in the body the death of Jesus, so that the life of Jesus also may be manifested in our bodies.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 19 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 81 — Are all true believers at all times assured of their present being in the estate of grace?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/18</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 81.</span> Are all true believers at all times assured of their present being in the estate of grace, and that they shall be saved?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Assurance of grace and salvation not being of the essence of faith,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> true believers may wait long before they obtain it;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and, after the enjoyment thereof, may have it weakened and intermitted, through manifold distempers, sins, temptations, and desertions;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> yet are they never left without such a presence and support of the Spirit of God as keeps them from sinking into utter despair.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001013.01-1">In him you also, when you heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, and believed in him, were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 50:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23050010.01-1">Who among you fears the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>and obeys the voice of his servant?<br/> Let him who walks in darkness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and has no light<br/> trust in the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>and rely on his God.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 88:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19088001.31-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19088001-2">88:1 </span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, God of my salvation;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I cry out day and night before you.<br/>  Let my prayer come before you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>incline your ear to my cry!</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19088003.01-2">For my soul is full of troubles,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my life draws near to Sheol.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 88:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19088006.01-3">You have put me in the depths of the pit,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the regions dark and deep.<br/>  Your wrath lies heavy upon me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you overwhelm me with all your waves. <span class="selah">Selah</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 88:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19088009.01-4"><span class="indent"></span>my eye grows dim through sorrow.<br/> Every day I call upon you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I spread out my hands to you.<br/>  Do you work wonders for the dead?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Do the departed rise up to praise you? <span class="selah">Selah</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 88:13-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19088013.01-5">But I, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, cry to you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the morning my prayer comes before you.<br/>  O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, why do you cast my soul away?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Why do you hide your face from me?<br/>  Afflicted and close to death from my youth up,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I suffer your terrors; I am helpless.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 77:1-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19077001.20-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19077001-1">77:1 </span>I cry aloud to God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>aloud to God, and he will hear me.<br/>  In the day of my trouble I seek the Lord;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the night my hand is stretched out without wearying;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my soul refuses to be comforted.<br/>  When I remember God, I moan;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I meditate, my spirit faints. <span class="selah">Selah</span></p> <p class="line-group" id="p19077004.01-1">You hold my eyelids open;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I am so troubled that I cannot speak.<br/>  I consider the days of old,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the years long ago.<br/>  I said, “Let me remember my song in the night;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let me meditate in my heart.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Then my spirit made a diligent search:<br/>  “Will the Lord spurn forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and never again be favorable?<br/>  Has his steadfast love forever ceased?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Are his promises at an end for all time?<br/>  Has God forgotten to be gracious?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Has he in anger shut up his compassion?” <span class="selah">Selah</span></p> <p class="line-group" id="p19077010.01-1">Then I said, “I will appeal to this,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to the years of the right hand of the Most High.”</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19077011.01-1">I will remember the deeds of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>yes, I will remember your wonders of old.<br/>  I will ponder all your work,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and meditate on your mighty deeds.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 51:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051008.01-2">Let me hear joy and gladness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let the bones that you have broken rejoice.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 51:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051012.01-3">Restore to me the joy of your salvation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and uphold me with a willing spirit.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 31:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19031022.01-4">I had said in my alarm,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“I am cut off from your sight.”<br/> But you heard the voice of my pleas for mercy<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I cried to you for help.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 22:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19022001.20-5"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19022001-5">22:1 </span>My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Why are you so far from saving me, from the words of my groaning?</p> </div> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004030.01-6">And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.</p> </div><h5>Luke 22:31-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42022031.05-7"><span class="woc">“Simon, Simon, behold, Satan demanded to have you, that he might sift you like wheat,</span> <span class="woc">but I have prayed for you that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned again, strengthen your brothers.”</span> Peter said to him, “Lord, I am ready to go with you both to prison and to death.” Jesus said, <span class="woc">“I tell you, Peter, the rooster will not crow this day, until you deny three times that you know me.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003009.01-1">No one born of God makes a practice of sinning, for God's seed abides in him, and he cannot keep on sinning because he has been born of God.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 73:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19073015.01-2">If I had said, “I will speak thus,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I would have betrayed the generation of your children.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 73:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19073023.01-3">Nevertheless, I am continually with you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you hold my right hand.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 54:7-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23054007.01-4">For a brief moment I deserted you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but with great compassion I will gather you.<br/>  In overflowing anger for a moment<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I hid my face from you,<br/> but with everlasting love I will have compassion on you,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, your Redeemer.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23054009.01-4">“This is like the days of Noah to me:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as I swore that the waters of Noah<br/> <span class="indent"></span>should no more go over the earth,<br/> so I have sworn that I will not be angry with you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and will not rebuke you.<br/>  For the mountains may depart<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the hills be removed,<br/> but my steadfast love shall not depart from you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my covenant of peace shall not be removed,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, who has compassion on you.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Peter 4:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p60004012.05-5">Beloved, do not be surprised at the fiery trial when it comes upon you to test you, as though something strange were happening to you. But rejoice insofar as you share Christ's sufferings, that you may also rejoice and be glad when his glory is revealed. If you are insulted for the name of Christ, you are blessed, because the Spirit of glory and of God rests upon you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 18 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 18.3 — Of the assurance of grace and salvation, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/17</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 18: Of the Assurance of Grace and Salvation</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> This infallible assurance doth not so belong to the essence of faith, but that a true believer may wait long, and conflict with many difficulties before he be partaker of it:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet, being enabled by the Spirit to know the things which are freely given him of God, he may, without extraordinary revelation, in the right use of ordinary means, attain thereunto.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> And therefore it is the duty of everyone to give all diligence to make his calling and election sure,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> that thereby his heart may be enlarged in peace and joy in the Holy Ghost, in love and thankfulness to God, and in strength and cheerfulness in the duties of obedience, the proper fruits of this assurance;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> so far is it from inclining men to looseness.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 5:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I write these things to you who believe in the name of the Son of God, that you may know that you have eternal life.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">Now we have received not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, that we might understand the things freely given us by God.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>By this we know that we abide in him and he in us, because he has given us of his Spirit.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 6:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And we desire each one of you to show the same earnestness to have the full assurance of hope until the end, so that you may not be sluggish, but imitators of those who through faith and patience inherit the promises.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 3:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>so that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith—that you, being rooted and grounded in love, may have strength to comprehend with all the saints what is the breadth and length and height and depth,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Peter 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, brothers, be all the more diligent to confirm your calling and election, for if you practice these qualities you will never fall.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45005001-1">5:1 </span>Therefore, since we have been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ. Through him we have also obtained access by faith into this grace in which we stand, and we rejoice in hope of the glory of God.</p> </div><h5>Romans 5:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005005.01-2">and hope does not put us to shame, because God's love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who has been given to us.</p> </div><h5>Romans 14:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45014017.01-3">For the kingdom of God is not a matter of eating and drinking but of righteousness and peace and joy in the Holy Spirit.</p> </div><h5>Romans 15:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p45015013.01-4">May the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believing, so that by the power of the Holy Spirit you may abound in hope.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49001003.05-5">Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us in Christ with every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places, even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before him. In love</p> </div><h5>Psalm 4:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19004006.01-6">There are many who say, “Who will show us some good?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Lift up the light of your face upon us, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!”<br/> You have put more joy in my heart<br/> <span class="indent"></span>than they have when their grain and wine abound.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 119:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119032.01-7">I will run in the way of your commandments<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when you enlarge my heart!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 2:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p62002001.04-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v62002001-1">2:1 </span>My little children, I am writing these things to you so that you may not sin. But if anyone does sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous. He is the propitiation for our sins, and not for ours only but also for the sins of the whole world.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45006001.07-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45006001-2">6:1 </span>What shall we say then? Are we to continue in sin that grace may abound? By no means! How can we who died to sin still live in it?</p> </div><h5>Titus 2:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56002011.01-3">For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation for all people, training us to renounce ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live self-controlled, upright, and godly lives in the present age,</p> </div><h5>Titus 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56002014.01-4">who gave himself for us to redeem us from all lawlessness and to purify for himself a people for his own possession who are zealous for good works.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 7:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47007001.01-5"><span class="chapter-num" id="v47007001-5">7:1 </span>Since we have these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from every defilement of body and spirit, bringing holiness to completion in the fear of God.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45008001.05-6"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45008001-6">8:1 </span>There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45008012.04-7">So then, brothers, we are debtors, not to the flesh, to live according to the flesh.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003002.01-8">Beloved, we are God's children now, and what we will be has not yet appeared; but we know that when he appears we shall be like him, because we shall see him as he is. And everyone who thus hopes in him purifies himself as he is pure.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 130:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19130004.01-9">But with you there is forgiveness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that you may be feared.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 John 1:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62001006.01-10">If we say we have fellowship with him while we walk in darkness, we lie and do not practice the truth. But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from all sin.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 18.2 — Of the assurance of grace and salvation, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/16</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 18: Of the Assurance of Grace and Salvation</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> This certainty is not a bare conjectural and probable persuasion grounded upon a fallible hope;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> but an infallible assurance of faith founded upon the divine truth of the promises of salvation,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> the inward evidence of those graces unto which these promises are made,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> the testimony of the Spirit of adoption witnessing with our spirits that we are the children of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> which Spirit is the earnest of our inheritance, whereby we are sealed to the day of redemption.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 6:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006011.01-1">And we desire each one of you to show the same earnestness to have the full assurance of hope until the end,</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 6:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006019.01-2">We have this as a sure and steadfast anchor of the soul, a hope that enters into the inner place behind the curtain,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 6:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006017.01-1">So when God desired to show more convincingly to the heirs of the promise the unchangeable character of his purpose, he guaranteed it with an oath, so that by two unchangeable things, in which it is impossible for God to lie, we who have fled for refuge might have strong encouragement to hold fast to the hope set before us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Peter 1:4-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>by which he has granted to us his precious and very great promises, so that through them you may become partakers of the divine nature, having escaped from the corruption that is in the world because of sinful desire. For this very reason, make every effort to supplement your faith with virtue, and virtue with knowledge, and knowledge with self-control, and self-control with steadfastness, and steadfastness with godliness, and godliness with brotherly affection, and brotherly affection with love. For if these qualities are yours and are increasing, they keep you from being ineffective or unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ. For whoever lacks these qualities is so nearsighted that he is blind, having forgotten that he was cleansed from his former sins. Therefore, brothers, be all the more diligent to confirm your calling and election, for if you practice these qualities you will never fall. For in this way there will be richly provided for you an entrance into the eternal kingdom of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 2:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And by this we know that we have come to know him, if we keep his commandments.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>We know that we have passed out of death into life, because we love the brothers. Whoever does not love abides in death.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For our boast is this, the testimony of our conscience, that we behaved in the world with simplicity and godly sincerity, not by earthly wisdom but by the grace of God, and supremely so toward you.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008015.01-1">For you did not receive the spirit of slavery to fall back into fear, but you have received the Spirit of adoption as sons, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!” The Spirit himself bears witness with our spirit that we are children of God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001013.01-1">In him you also, when you heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, and believed in him, were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit, who is the guarantee of our inheritance until we acquire possession of it, to the praise of his glory.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004030.01-2">And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 1:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47001021.01-3">And it is God who establishes us with you in Christ, and has anointed us, and who has also put his seal on us and given us his Spirit in our hearts as a guarantee.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 80 — Can true believers be infallibly assured that they are in the estate of grace?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/15</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 80.</span> Can true believers be infallibly assured that they are in the estate of grace, and that they shall persevere therein unto salvation?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Such as truly believe in Christ, and endeavor to walk in all good conscience before him,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> may, without extraordinary revelation, by faith grounded upon the truth of God's promises, and by the Spirit enabling them to discern in themselves those graces to which the promises of life are made,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and bearing witness with their spirits that they are the children of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> be infallibly assured that they are in the estate of grace, and shall persevere therein unto salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 2:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62002003.01-1">And by this we know that we have come to know him, if we keep his commandments.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 10:19-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58010019.06-2">Therefore, brothers, since we have confidence to enter the holy places by the blood of Jesus, by the new and living way that he opened for us through the curtain, that is, through his flesh, and since we have a great priest over the house of God, let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, with our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water. Let us hold fast the confession of our hope without wavering, for he who promised is faithful.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46002012.01-1">Now we have received not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, that we might understand the things freely given us by God.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003014.01-2">We know that we have passed out of death into life, because we love the brothers. Whoever does not love abides in death.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003018.01-3">Little children, let us not love in word or talk but in deed and in truth.</p> <p id="p62003019.01-3">By this we shall know that we are of the truth and reassure our heart before him;</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003021.01-4">Beloved, if our heart does not condemn us, we have confidence before God;</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003024.01-5">Whoever keeps his commandments abides in God, and God in him. And by this we know that he abides in us, by the Spirit whom he has given us.</p> </div><h5>1 John 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62004013.01-6">By this we know that we abide in him and he in us, because he has given us of his Spirit.</p> </div><h5>1 John 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62004016.01-7">So we have come to know and to believe the love that God has for us. God is love, and whoever abides in love abides in God, and God abides in him.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 6:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006011.01-8">And we desire each one of you to show the same earnestness to have the full assurance of hope until the end, so that you may not be sluggish, but imitators of those who through faith and patience inherit the promises.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008015.01-1">For you did not receive the spirit of slavery to fall back into fear, but you have received the Spirit of adoption as sons, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!” The Spirit himself bears witness with our spirit that we are children of God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 5:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p62005013.05-1">I write these things to you who believe in the name of the Son of God that you may know that you have eternal life.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 6:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006019.01-2">We have this as a sure and steadfast anchor of the soul, a hope that enters into the inner place behind the curtain, where Jesus has gone as a forerunner on our behalf, having become a high priest forever after the order of Melchizedek.</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 1:5-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61001005.01-3">For this very reason, make every effort to supplement your faith with virtue, and virtue with knowledge, and knowledge with self-control, and self-control with steadfastness, and steadfastness with godliness, and godliness with brotherly affection, and brotherly affection with love. For if these qualities are yours and are increasing, they keep you from being ineffective or unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ. For whoever lacks these qualities is so nearsighted that he is blind, having forgotten that he was cleansed from his former sins. Therefore, brothers, be all the more diligent to make your calling and election sure, for if you practice these qualities you will never fall. For in this way there will be richly provided for you an entrance into the eternal kingdom of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 18.1 — Of the assurance of grace and salvation, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/14</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 18: Of the Assurance of Grace and Salvation</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> Although hypocrites and other unregenerate men may vainly deceive themselves with false hopes and carnal presumptions of being in the favor of God, and estate of salvation<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> (which hope of theirs shall perish):<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> yet such as truly believe in the Lord Jesus, and love him in sincerity, endeavoring to walk in all good conscience before him, may, in this life, be certainly assured that they are in the state of grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and may rejoice in the hope of the glory of God, which hope shall never make them ashamed.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Micah 3:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Its heads give judgment for a bribe;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>its priests teach for a price;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>its prophets practice divination for money;<br/> yet they lean on the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and say,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Is not the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in the midst of us?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>No disaster shall come upon us.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 29:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>one who, when he hears the words of this sworn covenant, blesses himself in his heart, saying, ‘I shall be safe, though I walk in the stubbornness of my heart.’ This will lead to the sweeping away of moist and dry alike.</p> </div> <h5>John 8:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">You are doing the works your father did.”</span> They said to him, “We were not born of sexual immorality. We have one Father—even God.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Amos 9:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">All the sinners of my people shall die by the sword,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who say, ‘Disaster shall not overtake or meet us.’</p> </div> </div> <h5>Matthew 7:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">On that day many will say to me, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name, and cast out demons in your name, and do many mighty works in your name?’</span> <span class="woc">And then will I declare to them, ‘I never knew you; depart from me, you workers of lawlessness.’</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 5:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p62005013.05-6">I write these things to you who believe in the name of the Son of God that you may know that you have eternal life. </p><h5>1 John 2:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62002003.01-1">And by this we know that we have come to know him, if we keep his commandments.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003014.01-2">We know that we have passed out of death into life, because we love the brothers. Whoever does not love abides in death.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 3:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003018.01-3">Little children, let us not love in word or talk but in deed and in truth.</p> <p id="p62003019.01-3">By this we shall know that we are of the truth and reassure our heart before him;</p> </div> <h5>1 John 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003021.01-4">Beloved, if our heart does not condemn us, we have confidence before God;</p> </div> <h5>1 John 3:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003024.01-5">Whoever keeps his commandments abides in God, and God in him. And by this we know that he abides in us, by the Spirit whom he has given us.</p> </div>  (ESV) </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005002.01-1">Through him we have also obtained access by faith into this grace in which we stand, and we rejoice in hope of the glory of God.</p> </div><h5>Romans 5:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005005.01-2">and hope does not put us to shame, because God's love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who has been given to us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 14 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 17.3 — Of the perseverance of the saints, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/13</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 17: Of the Perseverance of the Saints</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> Nevertheless, they may, through the temptations of Satan and of the world, the prevalency of corruption remaining in them, and the neglect of the means of their preservation, fall into grievous sins;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and, for a time, continue therein:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> whereby they incur God's displeasure,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and grieve his Holy Spirit,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> come to be deprived of some measure of their graces and comforts,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> have their hearts hardened,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> and their consciences wounded;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup> hurt and scandalize others,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf8">8</sup> and bring temporal judgments upon themselves.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf9">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 32:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Moses said to Aaron, “What did this people do to you that you have brought such a great sin upon them?”</p> </div> <h5>Jonah 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But Jonah rose to flee to Tarshish from the presence of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. He went down to Joppa and found a ship going to Tarshish. So he paid the fare and went down into it, to go with them to Tarshish, away from the presence of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> <h5>Jonah 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then the men were exceedingly afraid and said to him, “What is this that you have done!” For the men knew that he was fleeing from the presence of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, because he had told them.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 51:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Deliver me from bloodguiltiness, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O God of my salvation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my tongue will sing aloud of your righteousness.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Matthew 26:70</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But he denied it before them all, saying, “I do not know what you mean.”</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 26:72</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And again he denied it with an oath: “I do not know the man.”</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 26:74</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then he began to invoke a curse on himself and to swear, “I do not know the man.” And immediately the rooster crowed.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Samuel 12:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Why have you despised the word of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, to do what is evil in his sight? You have struck down Uriah the Hittite with the sword and have taken his wife to be your wife and have killed him with the sword of the Ammonites.</p> </div> <h5>2 Samuel 12:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>David said to Nathan, “I have sinned against the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.” And Nathan said to David, “The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> also has put away your sin; you shall not die.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 2:11-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. For before certain men came from James, he was eating with the Gentiles; but when they came he drew back and separated himself, fearing the circumcision party. And the rest of the Jews acted hypocritically along with him, so that even Barnabas was led astray by their hypocrisy. But when I saw that their conduct was not in step with the truth of the gospel, I said to Cephas before them all, “If you, though a Jew, live like a Gentile and not like a Jew, how can you force the Gentiles to live like Jews?”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Numbers 20:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Moses and Aaron, “Because you did not believe in me, to uphold me as holy in the eyes of the people of Israel, therefore you shall not bring this assembly into the land that I have given them.”</p> </div> <h5>2 Samuel 11:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when the mourning was over, David sent and brought her to his house, and she became his wife and bore him a son. But the thing that David had done displeased the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 64:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">There is no one who calls upon your name,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who rouses himself to take hold of you;<br/> for you have hidden your face from us,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have made us melt in the hand of our iniquities.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 64:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Be not so terribly angry, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and remember not iniquity forever.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Behold, please look, we are all your people.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004030.01-1">And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 51:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Let me hear joy and gladness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let the bones that you have broken rejoice.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 51:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Create in me a clean heart, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and renew a right spirit within me.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 51:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Restore to me the joy of your salvation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and uphold me with a willing spirit.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Revelation 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But I have this against you, that you have abandoned the love you had at first.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 26:75</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Peter remembered the saying of Jesus, <span class="woc">“Before the rooster crows, you will deny me three times.”</span> And he went out and wept bitterly.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 63:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, why do you make us wander from your ways<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and harden our heart, so that we fear you not?<br/> Return for the sake of your servants,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the tribes of your heritage.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 32:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19032003.01-1">For when I kept silent, my bones wasted away<br/> <span class="indent"></span>through my groaning all day long.<br/> For day and night your hand was heavy upon me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my strength was dried up as by the heat of summer. <span class="selah">Selah</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 51:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051008.01-2">Let me hear joy and gladness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let the bones that you have broken rejoice.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 12:10-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now there was a famine in the land. So Abram went down to Egypt to sojourn there, for the famine was severe in the land. When he was about to enter Egypt, he said to Sarai his wife, “I know that you are a woman beautiful in appearance, and when the Egyptians see you, they will say, ‘This is his wife.’ Then they will kill me, but they will let you live. Say you are my sister, that it may go well with me because of you, and that my life may be spared for your sake.” When Abram entered Egypt, the Egyptians saw that the woman was very beautiful. And when the princes of Pharaoh saw her, they praised her to Pharaoh. And the woman was taken into Pharaoh’s house. And for her sake he dealt well with Abram; and he had sheep, oxen, male donkeys, male servants, female servants, female donkeys, and camels.</p> <p>But the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> afflicted Pharaoh and his house with great plagues because of Sarai, Abram’s wife. So Pharaoh called Abram and said, “What is this you have done to me? Why did you not tell me that she was your wife? Why did you say, ‘She is my sister,’ so that I took her for my wife? Now then, here is your wife; take her, and go.” And Pharaoh gave men orders concerning him, and they sent him away with his wife and all that he had.</p> </div> <h5>2 Samuel 12:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Nevertheless, because by this deed you have utterly scorned the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the child who is born to you shall die.”</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the rest of the Jews acted hypocritically along with him, so that even Barnabas was led astray by their hypocrisy.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 89:31-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19089031.01-1">if they violate my statutes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not keep my commandments,<br/> then I will punish their transgression with the rod<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their iniquity with stripes,</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011032.01-2">But when we are judged by the Lord, we are disciplined so that we may not be condemned along with the world.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 13 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 17.2 — Of the perseverance of the saints, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/12</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 17: Of the Perseverance of the Saints</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> This perseverance of the saints depends not upon their own free will, but upon the immutability of the decree of election, flowing from the free and unchangeable love of God the Father;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> upon the efficacy of the merit and intercession of Jesus Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> the abiding of the Spirit, and of the seed of God within them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and the nature of the covenant of grace:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> from all which ariseth also the certainty and infallibility thereof.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 89:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">You have said, “I have made a covenant with my chosen one;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I have sworn to David my servant:<br/> ‘I will establish your offspring forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and build your throne for all generations.’” Selah</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 89:28-33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">My steadfast love I will keep for him forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my covenant will stand firm for him.<br/> I will establish his offspring forever<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his throne as the days of the heavens.<br/> If his children forsake my law<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not walk according to my rules,<br/> if they violate my statutes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not keep my commandments,<br/> then I will punish their transgression with the rod<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their iniquity with stripes,<br/> but I will not remove from him my steadfast love<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or be false to my faithfulness.</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Timothy 2:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who have swerved from the truth, saying that the resurrection has already happened. They are upsetting the faith of some. But God’s firm foundation stands, bearing this seal: “The Lord knows those who are his,” and, “Let everyone who names the name of the Lord depart from iniquity.”</p> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 31:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="indent"></span>the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> appeared to him from far away.<br/> I have loved you with an everlasting love;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>therefore I have continued my faithfulness to you.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 10:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010010.01-1">And by that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 10:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010014.01-2">For by a single offering he has perfected for all time those who are being sanctified.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 13:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58013020.02-3">Now may the God of peace who brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, the great shepherd of the sheep, by the blood of the eternal covenant, equip you with everything good that you may do his will, working in us that which is pleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever and ever. Amen.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:12-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009012.01-4">he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption. For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the sprinkling of defiled persons with the ashes of a heifer, sanctify for the purification of the flesh, how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.</p> <p id="p58009015.01-4">Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred that redeems them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:33-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008033.01-5">Who shall bring any charge against God's elect? It is God who justifies. Who is to condemn? Christ Jesus is the one who died—more than that, who was raised—who is at the right hand of God, who indeed is interceding for us. Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or danger, or sword? As it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45008036.05-5">“For your sake we are being killed all the day long;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>we are regarded as sheep to be slaughtered.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p45008037.01-5">No, in all these things we are more than conquerors through him who loved us. For I am sure that neither death nor life, nor angels nor rulers, nor things present nor things to come, nor powers, nor height nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord.</p> </div><h5>John 17:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017011.01-6"><span class="woc">And I am no longer in the world, but they are in the world, and I am coming to you. Holy Father, keep them in your name, which you have given me, that they may be one, even as we are one.</span></p> </div><h5>John 17:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017024.01-7"><span class="woc">Father, I desire that they also, whom you have given me, may be with me where I am, to see my glory that you have given me because you loved me before the foundation of the world.</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 22:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42022032.01-8"><span class="woc">but I have prayed for you that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned again, strengthen your brothers.”</span></p> </div><h5>Hebrews 7:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007025.01-9">Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 14:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43014016.01-1"><span class="woc">And I will ask the Father, and he will give you another Helper, to be with you forever,</span> <span class="woc">even the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it neither sees him nor knows him. You know him, for he dwells with you and will be in you.</span></p> </div><h5>1 John 2:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62002027.01-2">But the anointing that you received from him abides in you, and you have no need that anyone should teach you. But as his anointing teaches you about everything, and is true, and is no lie—just as it has taught you, abide in him.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003009.01-3">No one born of God makes a practice of sinning, for God's seed abides in him, and he cannot keep on sinning because he has been born of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 32:40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I will make with them an everlasting covenant, that I will not turn away from doing good to them. And I will put the fear of me in their hearts, that they may not turn from me.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 89:34-37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I will not violate my covenant<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or alter the word that went forth from my lips.<br/> Once for all I have sworn by my holiness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will not lie to David.<br/> His offspring shall endure forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his throne as long as the sun before me.<br/> Like the moon it shall be established forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a faithful witness in the skies.” Selah</p> </div> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 31:31-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Behold, the days are coming, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and the house of Judah, not like the covenant that I made with their fathers on the day when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, my covenant that they broke, though I was their husband, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: I will put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts. And I will be their God, and they shall be my people. And no longer shall each one teach his neighbor and each his brother, saying, ‘Know the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,’ for they shall all know me, from the least of them to the greatest, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. For I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 6:38-40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">For I have come down from heaven, not to do my own will but the will of him who sent me.</span> <span class="woc">And this is the will of him who sent me, that I should lose nothing of all that he has given me, but raise it up on the last day.</span> <span class="woc">For this is the will of my Father, that everyone who looks on the Son and believes in him should have eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day.”</span></p> </div> <h5>John 10:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">I give them eternal life, and they will never perish, and no one will snatch them out of my hand.</span></p> </div> <h5>2 Thessalonians 3:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the Lord is faithful. He will establish you and guard you against the evil one.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 2:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>They went out from us, but they were not of us; for if they had been of us, they would have continued with us. But they went out, that it might become plain that they all are not of us.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 12 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 79 — May not true believers fall away from the state of grace?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/11</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 79.</span> May not true believers, by reason of their imperfections, and the many temptations and sins they are overtaken with, fall away from the state of grace?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> True believers, by reason of the unchangeable love of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and his decree and covenant to give them perseverance,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> their inseparable union with Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> his continual intercession for them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> and the Spirit and seed of God abiding in them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> can neither totally nor finally fall away from the state of grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> but are kept by the power of God through faith unto salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 31:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24031003.01-1"><span class="indent"></span>the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> appeared to him from far away.<br/> I have loved you with an everlasting love;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>therefore I have continued my faithfulness to you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 2:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55002019.01-1">But God's firm foundation stands, bearing this seal: “The Lord knows those who are his,” and, “Let everyone who names the name of the Lord depart from iniquity.”</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 13:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58013020.02-2">Now may the God of peace who brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, the great shepherd of the sheep, by the blood of the eternal covenant, equip you with everything good that you may do his will, working in us that which is pleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever and ever. Amen.</p> </div><h5>2 Samuel 23:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p10023005.01-3">“For does not my house stand so with God?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>For he has made with me an everlasting covenant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>ordered in all things and secure.<br/> For will he not cause to prosper<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all my help and my desire?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 1:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46001008.01-1">who will sustain you to the end, guiltless in the day of our Lord Jesus Christ. God is faithful, by whom you were called into the fellowship of his Son, Jesus Christ our Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 7:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007025.01-1">Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them.</p> </div><h5>Luke 22:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42022032.01-2"><span class="woc">but I have prayed for you that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned again, strengthen your brothers.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003009.01-1">No one born of God makes a practice of sinning, for God's seed abides in him, and he cannot keep on sinning because he has been born of God.</p> </div><h5>1 John 2:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62002027.01-2">But the anointing that you received from him abides in you, and you have no need that anyone should teach you. But as his anointing teaches you about everything, and is true, and is no lie—just as it has taught you, abide in him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 32:40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24032040.01-1">I will make with them an everlasting covenant, that I will not turn away from doing good to them. And I will put the fear of me in their hearts, that they may not turn from me.</p> </div><h5>John 10:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43010028.01-2"><span class="woc">I give them eternal life, and they will never perish, and no one will snatch them out of my hand.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001005.01-1">who by God's power are being guarded through faith for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 11 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 17.1 — Of the perseverance of the saints, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/10</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 17: Of the Perseverance of the Saints</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> They, whom God hath accepted in his Beloved, effectually called, and sanctified by his Spirit, can neither totally nor finally fall away from the state of grace, but shall certainly persevere therein to the end, and be eternally saved.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And I am sure of this, that he who began a good work in you will bring it to completion at the day of Jesus Christ.</p> </div> <h5>2 Peter 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, brothers, be all the more diligent to confirm your calling and election, for if you practice these qualities you will never fall.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:28-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purpose. For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among many brothers. And those whom he predestined he also called, and those whom he called he also justified, and those whom he justified he also glorified.</p> </div> <h5>John 10:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">I give them eternal life, and they will never perish, and no one will snatch them out of my hand.</span> <span class="woc">My Father, who has given them to me, is greater than all, and no one is able to snatch them out of the Father’s hand.</span></p> </div> <h5>1 John 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>No one born of God makes a practice of sinning, for God’s seed abides in him; and he cannot keep on sinning, because he has been born of God.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 5:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>We know that everyone who has been born of God does not keep on sinning, but he who was born of God protects him, and the evil one does not touch him.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who by God’s power are being guarded through faith for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>obtaining the outcome of your faith, the salvation of your souls.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 10 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 16.7 — Of good works, part 7</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/09</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 16: Of Good Works</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">7.</span> Works done by unregenerate men, although for the matter of them they may be things which God commands; and of good use both to themselves and others:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet, because they proceed not from an heart purified by faith;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> nor are done in a right manner, according to the Word;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> nor to a right end, the glory of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> they are therefore sinful, and cannot please God, or make a man meet to receive grace from God:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> and yet, their neglect of them is more sinful and displeasing unto God.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Kings 10:30-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Jehu, “Because you have done well in carrying out what is right in my eyes, and have done to the house of Ahab according to all that was in my heart, your sons of the fourth generation shall sit on the throne of Israel.” But Jehu was not careful to walk in the law of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel, with all his heart. He did not turn from the sins of Jeroboam, which he made Israel to sin.</p> </div> <h5>1 Kings 21:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when Ahab heard those words, he tore his clothes and put sackcloth on his flesh and fasted and lay in sackcloth and went about dejectedly.</p> </div> <h5>1 Kings 21:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Have you seen how Ahab has humbled himself before me? Because he has humbled himself before me, I will not bring the disaster in his days; but in his son’s days I will bring the disaster upon his house.”</p> </div> <h5>Luke 6:32-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“If you love those who love you, what benefit is that to you? For even sinners love those who love them.</span> <span class="woc">And if you do good to those who do good to you, what benefit is that to you? For even sinners do the same.</span> <span class="woc">And if you lend to those from whom you expect to receive, what credit is that to you? Even sinners lend to sinners, to get back the same amount.</span></p> </div> <h5>Luke 18:2-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He said, <span class="woc">“In a certain city there was a judge who neither feared God nor respected man.</span> <span class="woc">And there was a widow in that city who kept coming to him and saying, ‘Give me justice against my adversary.’</span> <span class="woc">For a while he refused, but afterward he said to himself, ‘Though I neither fear God nor respect man,</span> <span class="woc">yet because this widow keeps bothering me, I will give her justice, so that she will not beat me down by her continual coming.’”</span> And the Lord said, <span class="woc">“Hear what the unrighteous judge says.</span> <span class="woc">And will not God give justice to his elect, who cry to him day and night? Will he delay long over them?</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 13:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>for he is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain. For he is the servant of God, an avenger who carries out God’s wrath on the wrongdoer.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 11:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>By faith Abel offered to God a more acceptable sacrifice than Cain, through which he was commended as righteous, God commending him by accepting his gifts. And through his faith, though he died, he still speaks.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 11:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And without faith it is impossible to please him, for whoever would draw near to God must believe that he exists and that he rewards those who seek him.</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 4:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In the course of time Cain brought to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> an offering of the fruit of the ground, and Abel also brought of the firstborn of his flock and of their fat portions. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> had regard for Abel and his offering, but for Cain and his offering he had no regard. So Cain was very angry, and his face fell.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 13:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46013003.01-1">If I give away all I have, and if I deliver up my body to be burned, but have not love, I gain nothing.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23001012.01-2">“When you come to appear before me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who has required of you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>this trampling of my courts?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Thus, when you give to the needy, sound no trumpet before you, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may be praised by others. Truly, I say to you, they have received their reward.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 6:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“And when you pray, you must not be like the hypocrites. For they love to stand and pray in the synagogues and at the street corners, that they may be seen by others. Truly, I say to you, they have received their reward.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 6:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“And when you fast, do not look gloomy like the hypocrites, for they disfigure their faces that their fasting may be seen by others. Truly, I say to you, they have received their reward.</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 10:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So, whether you eat or drink, or whatever you do, do all to the glory of God.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 21:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The sacrifice of the wicked is an abomination;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>how much more when he brings it with evil intent.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Haggai 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then Haggai answered and said, “So is it with this people, and with this nation before me, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and so with every work of their hands. And what they offer there is unclean.</p> </div> <h5>Titus 1:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>To the pure, all things are pure, but to the defiled and unbelieving, nothing is pure; but both their minds and their consciences are defiled.</p> </div> <h5>Amos 5:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“I hate, I despise your feasts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I take no delight in your solemn assemblies.<br/> Even though you offer me your burnt offerings and grain offerings,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will not accept them;<br/> and the peace offerings of your fattened animals,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will not look upon them.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Mark 7:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he said to them, <span class="woc">“Well did Isaiah prophesy of you hypocrites, as it is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">“‘This people honors me with their lips,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">but their heart is far from me;</span><br/> <span class="woc">in vain do they worship me,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.’</span></p> </div> </div> <h5>Hosea 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to him, “Call his name Jezreel, for in just a little while I will punish the house of Jehu for the blood of Jezreel, and I will put an end to the kingdom of the house of Israel.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 9:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So then it depends not on human will or exertion, but on God, who has mercy.</p> </div> <h5>Titus 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 14:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Have they no knowledge, all the evildoers<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who eat up my people as they eat bread<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not call upon the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>?</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 36:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The words of his mouth are trouble and deceit;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has ceased to act wisely and do good.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Matthew 25:41-45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels.</span> <span class="woc">For I was hungry and you gave me no food, I was thirsty and you gave me no drink,</span> <span class="woc">I was a stranger and you did not welcome me, naked and you did not clothe me, sick and in prison and you did not visit me.’</span> <span class="woc">Then they also will answer, saying, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry or thirsty or a stranger or naked or sick or in prison, and did not minister to you?’</span> <span class="woc">Then he will answer them, saying, ‘Truly, I say to you, as you did not do it to one of the least of these, you did not do it to me.’</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 23:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! For you tithe mint and dill and cumin, and have neglected the weightier matters of the law: justice and mercy and faithfulness. These you ought to have done, without neglecting the others.</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 1:21-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For although they knew God, they did not honor him as God or give thanks to him, but they became futile in their thinking, and their foolish hearts were darkened. Claiming to be wise, they became fools, and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images resembling mortal man and birds and animals and creeping things.</p> <p>Therefore God gave them up in the lusts of their hearts to impurity, to the dishonoring of their bodies among themselves, because they exchanged the truth about God for a lie and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen.</p> <p>For this reason God gave them up to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged natural relations for those that are contrary to nature; and the men likewise gave up natural relations with women and were consumed with passion for one another, men committing shameless acts with men and receiving in themselves the due penalty for their error.</p> <p>And since they did not see fit to acknowledge God, God gave them up to a debased mind to do what ought not to be done. They were filled with all manner of unrighteousness, evil, covetousness, malice. They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, maliciousness. They are gossips, slanderers, haters of God, insolent, haughty, boastful, inventors of evil, disobedient to parents, foolish, faithless, heartless, ruthless. Though they know God’s righteous decree that those who practice such things deserve to die, they not only do them but give approval to those who practice them.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 16.6 — Of good works, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/08</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 16: Of Good Works</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> Notwithstanding, the persons of believers being accepted through Christ, their good works also are accepted in him;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> not as though they were in this life wholly unblamable and unreprovable in God's sight;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> but that he, looking upon them in his Son, is pleased to accept and reward that which is sincere, although accompanied with many weaknesses and imperfections.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>to the praise of his glorious grace, with which he has blessed us in the Beloved.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>you yourselves like living stones are being built up as a spiritual house, to be a holy priesthood, to offer spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 28:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>It shall be on Aaron’s forehead, and Aaron shall bear any guilt from the holy things that the people of Israel consecrate as their holy gifts. It shall regularly be on his forehead, that they may be accepted before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and Abel also brought of the firstborn of his flock and of their fat portions. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> had regard for Abel and his offering,</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 11:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>By faith Abel offered to God a more acceptable sacrifice than Cain, through which he was commended as righteous, God commending him by accepting his gifts. And through his faith, though he died, he still speaks.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Job 9:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Though I am in the right, my own mouth would condemn me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>though I am blameless, he would prove me perverse.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 143:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Enter not into judgment with your servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for no one living is righteous before you.</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 John 1:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If we say we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 13:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now may the God of peace who brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, the great shepherd of the sheep, by the blood of the eternal covenant, equip you with everything good that you may do his will, working in us that which is pleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever and ever. Amen.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 8:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For if the readiness is there, it is acceptable according to what a person has, not according to what he does not have.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 6:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For God is not unjust so as to overlook your work and the love that you have shown for his name in serving the saints, as you still do.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 25:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">His master said to him, ‘Well done, good and faithful servant. You have been faithful over a little; I will set you over much. Enter into the joy of your master.’</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 25:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">His master said to him, ‘Well done, good and faithful servant. You have been faithful over a little; I will set you over much. Enter into the joy of your master.’</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If the work that anyone has built on the foundation survives, he will receive a reward.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 4:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore do not pronounce judgment before the time, before the Lord comes, who will bring to light the things now hidden in darkness and will disclose the purposes of the heart. Then each one will receive his commendation from God.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 08 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 16.5 — Of good works, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/07</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 16: Of Good Works</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> We cannot by our best works merit pardon of sin, or eternal life at the hand of God, by reason of the great disproportion that is between them and the glory to come; and the infinite distance that is between us and God, whom, by them, we can neither profit, nor satisfy for the debt of our former sins,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> but when we have done all we can, we have done but our duty, and are unprofitable servants:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and because, as they are good, they proceed from his Spirit;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and as they are wrought by us, they are defiled, and mixed with so much weakness and imperfection, that they cannot endure the severity of God's judgment.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For by works of the law no human being will be justified in his sight, since through the law comes knowledge of sin.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For if Abraham was justified by works, he has something to boast about, but not before God.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now to the one who works, his wages are not counted as a gift but as his due.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>just as David also speaks of the blessing of the one to whom God counts righteousness apart from works:</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works, so that no one may boast.</p> </div> <h5>Titus 3:5-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit, whom he poured out on us richly through Jesus Christ our Savior, so that being justified by his grace we might become heirs according to the hope of eternal life.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not worth comparing with the glory that is to be revealed to us.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:22-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we know that the whole creation has been groaning together in the pains of childbirth until now. And not only the creation, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for adoption as sons, the redemption of our bodies. For in this hope we were saved. Now hope that is seen is not hope. For who hopes for what he sees?</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 16:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I say to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, “You are my Lord;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I have no good apart from you.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Job 22:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Can a man be profitable to God?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Surely he who is wise is profitable to himself.<br/> Is it any pleasure to the Almighty if you are in the right,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or is it gain to him if you make your ways blameless?</p> </div> </div> <h5>Job 35:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">If you are righteous, what do you give to him?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Or what does he receive from your hand?<br/> Your wickedness concerns a man like yourself,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your righteousness a son of man.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 17:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">So you also, when you have done all that you were commanded, say, ‘We are unworthy servants; we have only done what was our duty.’”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For if you live according to the flesh you will die, but if by the Spirit you put to death the deeds of the body, you will live. For all who are led by the Spirit of God are sons of God.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 5:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control; against such things there is no law.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 64:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23064006.01-1">We have all become like one who is unclean,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all our righteous deeds are like a polluted garment.<br/> We all fade like a leaf,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and our iniquities, like the wind, take us away.</p> </div> </div><h5>Galatians 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005017.01-2">For the desires of the flesh are against the Spirit, and the desires of the Spirit are against the flesh, for these are opposed to each other, to keep you from doing the things you want to do.</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007015.01-3">For I do not understand my own actions. For I do not do what I want, but I do the very thing I hate.</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007018.01-4">For I know that nothing good dwells in me, that is, in my flesh. For I have the desire to do what is right, but not the ability to carry it out.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 143:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19143002.01-5">Enter not into judgment with your servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for no one living is righteous before you.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 130:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19130003.01-6">If you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, should mark iniquities,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O Lord, who could stand?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 07 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 16.4 — Of good works, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/06</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 16: Of Good Works</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> They who, in their obedience, attain to the greatest height which is possible in this life, are so far from being able to supererogate, and to do more than God requires, as that they fall short of much which in duty they are bound to do.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 17:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">So you also, when you have done all that you were commanded, say, ‘We are unworthy servants; we have only done what was our duty.’”</span></p> </div> <h5>Nehemiah 13:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then I commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves and come and guard the gates, to keep the Sabbath day holy. Remember this also in my favor, O my God, and spare me according to the greatness of your steadfast love.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:21-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that the creation itself will be set free from its bondage to corruption and obtain the freedom of the glory of the children of God. For we know that the whole creation has been groaning together in the pains of childbirth until now. And not only the creation, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for adoption as sons, the redemption of our bodies. For in this hope we were saved. Now hope that is seen is not hope. For who hopes for what he sees? But if we hope for what we do not see, we wait for it with patience.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the desires of the flesh are against the Spirit, and the desires of the Spirit are against the flesh, for these are opposed to each other, to keep you from doing the things you want to do.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 06 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 16.3 — Of good works, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/05</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 16: Of Good Works</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> Their ability to do good works is not at all of themselves, but wholly from the Spirit of Christ.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> And that they may be enabled thereunto, beside the graces they have already received, there is required an actual influence of the same Holy Spirit, to work in them to will, and to do, of his good pleasure:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> yet are they not hereupon to grow negligent, as if they were not bound to perform any duty unless upon a special motion of the Spirit; but they ought to be diligent in stirring up the grace of God that is in them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 15:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Abide in me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit by itself, unless it abides in the vine, neither can you, unless you abide in me.</span> <span class="woc">I am the vine; you are the branches. Whoever abides in me and I in him, he it is that bears much fruit, for apart from me you can do nothing.</span> <span class="woc">If anyone does not abide in me, he is thrown away like a branch and withers; and the branches are gathered, thrown into the fire, and burned.</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:4-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>in order that the righteous requirement of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not according to the flesh but according to the Spirit. For those who live according to the flesh set their minds on the things of the flesh, but those who live according to the Spirit set their minds on the things of the Spirit. For to set the mind on the flesh is death, but to set the mind on the Spirit is life and peace. For the mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God, for it does not submit to God’s law; indeed, it cannot. Those who are in the flesh cannot please God.</p> <p>You, however, are not in the flesh but in the Spirit, if in fact the Spirit of God dwells in you. Anyone who does not have the Spirit of Christ does not belong to him. But if Christ is in you, although the body is dead because of sin, the Spirit is life because of righteousness. If the Spirit of him who raised Jesus from the dead dwells in you, he who raised Christ Jesus from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through his Spirit who dwells in you.</p> <p>So then, brothers, we are debtors, not to the flesh, to live according to the flesh. For if you live according to the flesh you will die, but if by the Spirit you put to death the deeds of the body, you will live. For all who are led by the Spirit of God are sons of God.</p> </div> <h5>Ezekiel 36:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And I will give you a new heart, and a new spirit I will put within you. And I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh. And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>for it is God who works in you, both to will and to work for his good pleasure.</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I can do all things through him who strengthens me.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Not that we are sufficient in ourselves to claim anything as coming from us, but our sufficiency is from God,</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that according to the riches of his glory he may grant you to be strengthened with power through his Spirit in your inner being,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, my beloved, as you have always obeyed, so now, not only as in my presence but much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling,</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 6:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And we desire each one of you to show the same earnestness to have the full assurance of hope until the end, so that you may not be sluggish, but imitators of those who through faith and patience inherit the promises.</p> </div> <h5>2 Peter 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>His divine power has granted to us all things that pertain to life and godliness, through the knowledge of him who called us to his own glory and excellence,</p> </div> <h5>2 Peter 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For this very reason, make every effort to supplement your faith with virtue, and virtue with knowledge,</p> </div> <h5>2 Peter 1:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, brothers, be all the more diligent to confirm your calling and election, for if you practice these qualities you will never fall. For in this way there will be richly provided for you an entrance into the eternal kingdom of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 64:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">There is no one who calls upon your name,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who rouses himself to take hold of you;<br/> for you have hidden your face from us,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have made us melt in the hand of our iniquities.</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Timothy 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For this reason I remind you to fan into flame the gift of God, which is in you through the laying on of my hands,</p> </div> <h5>Acts 26:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And now I stand here on trial because of my hope in the promise made by God to our fathers, to which our twelve tribes hope to attain, as they earnestly worship night and day. And for this hope I am accused by Jews, O king!</p> </div> <h5>Jude 20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But you, beloved, building yourselves up in your most holy faith and praying in the Holy Spirit, keep yourselves in the love of God, waiting for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ that leads to eternal life.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 05 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 16.2 — Of good works, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/04</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 16: Of Good Works</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> These good works, done in obedience to God's commandments, are the fruits and evidences of a true and lively faith:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and by them believers manifest their thankfulness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> strengthen their assurance,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> edify their brethren,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> adorn the profession of the gospel,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> stop the mouths of the adversaries,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> and glorify God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup> whose workmanship they are, created in Christ Jesus thereunto,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf8">8</sup> that, having their fruit unto holiness, they may have the end, eternal life.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf9">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 2:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002018.01-1">But someone will say, “You have faith and I have works.” Show me your faith apart from your works, and I will show you my faith by my works.</p> </div><h5>James 2:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002022.01-2">You see that faith was active along with his works, and faith was completed by his works;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 116:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">What shall I render to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all his benefits to me?<br/> I will lift up the cup of salvation<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and call on the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> I will pay my vows to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the presence of all his people.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Colossians 3:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts, to which indeed you were called in one body. And be thankful. Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly, teaching and admonishing one another in all wisdom, singing psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, with thankfulness in your hearts to God. And whatever you do, in word or deed, do everything in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through him.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 2:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for his own possession, that you may proclaim the excellencies of him who called you out of darkness into his marvelous light.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 2:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62002003.01-1">And by this we know that we have come to know him, if we keep his commandments.</p> </div><h5>1 John 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62002005.01-2">but whoever keeps his word, in him truly the love of God is perfected. By this we may know that we are in him:</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 1:5-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61001005.01-3">For this very reason, make every effort to supplement your faith with virtue, and virtue with knowledge, and knowledge with self-control, and self-control with steadfastness, and steadfastness with godliness, and godliness with brotherly affection, and brotherly affection with love. For if these qualities are yours and are increasing, they keep you from being ineffective or unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ. For whoever lacks these qualities is so nearsighted that he is blind, having forgotten that he was cleansed from his former sins. Therefore, brothers, be all the more diligent to make your calling and election sure, for if you practice these qualities you will never fall.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 9:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>for I know your readiness, of which I boast about you to the people of Macedonia, saying that Achaia has been ready since last year. And your zeal has stirred up most of them.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 5:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">In the same way, let your light shine before others, so that they may see your good works and give glory to your Father who is in heaven.</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let no one despise you for your youth, but set the believers an example in speech, in conduct, in love, in faith, in purity.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56002005.01-1">to be self-controlled, pure, working at home, kind, and submissive to their own husbands, that the word of God may not be reviled.</p> </div><h5>Titus 2:9-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56002009.01-2">Slaves are to be submissive to their own masters in everything; they are to be well-pleasing, not argumentative, not pilfering, but showing all good faith, so that in everything they may adorn the doctrine of God our Savior.</p> <p id="p56002011.01-2">For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation for all people, training us to renounce ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live self-controlled, upright, and godly lives in the present age,</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 6:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006001.01-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v54006001-3">6:1 </span>Let all who are under a yoke as slaves regard their own masters as worthy of all honor, so that the name of God and the teaching may not be reviled.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 2:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002015.01-1">For this is the will of God, that by doing good you should put to silence the ignorance of foolish people.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002012.01-1">Keep your conduct among the Gentiles honorable, so that when they speak against you as evildoers, they may see your good deeds and glorify God on the day of visitation.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50001011.01-2">filled with the fruit of righteousness that comes through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God.</p> </div><h5>John 15:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43015008.01-3"><span class="woc">By this my Father is glorified, that you bear much fruit and so prove to be my disciples.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But now that you have been set free from sin and have become slaves of God, the fruit you get leads to sanctification and its end, eternal life.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 16.1 — Of good works, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/03</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 16: Of Good Works</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> Good works are only such as God hath commanded in his holy Word,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and not such as, without the warrant thereof, are devised by men, out of blind zeal, or upon any pretense of good intention.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Micah 6:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p33006008.01-1">He has told you, O man, what is good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and what does the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> require of you<br/> but to do justice, and to love kindness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to walk humbly with your God?</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 12:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45012002.01-2">Do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewal of your mind, that by testing you may discern what is the will of God, what is good and acceptable and perfect.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 13:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58013021.01-3">equip you with everything good that you may do his will, working in us that which is pleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever and ever. Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 15:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">in vain do they worship me,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.’”</span></p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 29:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">And the Lord said:<br/> “Because this people draw near with their mouth<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and honor me with their lips,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>while their hearts are far from me,<br/> and their fear of me is a commandment taught by men,</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Peter 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>knowing that you were ransomed from the futile ways inherited from your forefathers, not with perishable things such as silver or gold,</p> </div> <h5>John 16:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">They will put you out of the synagogues. Indeed, the hour is coming when whoever kills you will think he is offering service to God.</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 10:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I bear them witness that they have a zeal for God, but not according to knowledge.</p> </div> <h5>1 Samuel 15:21-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the people took of the spoil, sheep and oxen, the best of the things devoted to destruction, to sacrifice to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in Gilgal.” And Samuel said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Has the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> as great delight in burnt offerings and sacrifices,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as in obeying the voice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>?<br/> Behold, to obey is better than sacrifice,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to listen than the fat of rams.<br/> For rebellion is as the sin of divination,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and presumption is as iniquity and idolatry.<br/> Because you have rejected the word of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has also rejected you from being king.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 10:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“And now, Israel, what does the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God require of you, but to fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, to walk in all his ways, to love him, to serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with all your heart and with all your soul, and to keep the commandments and statutes of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, which I am commanding you today for your good?</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 2:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore let no one pass judgment on you in questions of food and drink, or with regard to a festival or a new moon or a Sabbath. These are a shadow of the things to come, but the substance belongs to Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 2:20-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If with Christ you died to the elemental spirits of the world, why, as if you were still alive in the world, do you submit to regulations—“Do not handle, Do not taste, Do not touch” (referring to things that all perish as they are used)—according to human precepts and teachings? These have indeed an appearance of wisdom in promoting self-made religion and asceticism and severity to the body, but they are of no value in stopping the indulgence of the flesh.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 03 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 15.6 — Of repentance unto life, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/02</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 15: Of Repentance unto Life</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> As every man is bound to make private confession of his sins to God, praying for the pardon thereof;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> upon which, and the forsaking of them, he shall find mercy;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> so, he that scandalizeth his brother, or the church of Christ, ought to be willing, by a private or public confession, and sorrow for his sin, to declare his repentance to those that are offended,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> who are thereupon to be reconciled to him, and in love to receive him.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 32:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I acknowledged my sin to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I did not cover my iniquity;<br/> I said, “I will confess my transgressions to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you forgave the iniquity of my sin. Selah<br/> Therefore let everyone who is godly<br/> <span class="indent"></span>offer prayer to you at a time when you may be found;<br/> surely in the rush of great waters,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they shall not reach him.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 51:1-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Have mercy on me, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>according to your steadfast love;<br/> according to your abundant mercy<br/> <span class="indent"></span>blot out my transgressions.<br/> Wash me thoroughly from my iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and cleanse me from my sin!<br/> For I know my transgressions,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my sin is ever before me.<br/> Against you, you only, have I sinned<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and done what is evil in your sight,<br/> so that you may be justified in your words<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and blameless in your judgment.<br/> Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and in sin did my mother conceive me.<br/> Behold, you delight in truth in the inward being,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you teach me wisdom in the secret heart.<br/> Purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow.<br/> Let me hear joy and gladness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let the bones that you have broken rejoice.<br/> Hide your face from my sins,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and blot out all my iniquities.<br/> Create in me a clean heart, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and renew a right spirit within me.<br/> Cast me not away from your presence,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and take not your Holy Spirit from me.<br/> Restore to me the joy of your salvation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and uphold me with a willing spirit.<br/> Then I will teach transgressors your ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and sinners will return to you.<br/> Deliver me from bloodguiltiness, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O God of my salvation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my tongue will sing aloud of your righteousness.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 28:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Whoever conceals his transgressions will not prosper,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but he who confesses and forsakes them will obtain mercy.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 55:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">let the wicked forsake his way,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the unrighteous man his thoughts;<br/> let him return to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, that he may have compassion on him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to our God, for he will abundantly pardon.</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 John 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 5:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, confess your sins to one another and pray for one another, that you may be healed. The prayer of a righteous person has great power as it is working.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 17:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Pay attention to yourselves! If your brother sins, rebuke him, and if he repents, forgive him,</span> <span class="woc">and if he sins against you seven times in the day, and turns to you seven times, saying, ‘I repent,’ you must forgive him.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Joshua 7:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then Joshua said to Achan, “My son, give glory to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God of Israel and give praise to him. And tell me now what you have done; do not hide it from me.”</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 18:15-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“If your brother sins against you, go and tell him his fault, between you and him alone. If he listens to you, you have gained your brother.</span> <span class="woc">But if he does not listen, take one or two others along with you, that every charge may be established by the evidence of two or three witnesses.</span> <span class="woc">If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church. And if he refuses to listen even to the church, let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector.</span> <span class="woc">Truly, I say to you, whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 2:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>so you should rather turn to forgive and comfort him, or he may be overwhelmed by excessive sorrow. So I beg you to reaffirm your love for him.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 6:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Brothers, if anyone is caught in any transgression, you who are spiritual should restore him in a spirit of gentleness. Keep watch on yourself, lest you too be tempted. Bear one another’s burdens, and so fulfill the law of Christ.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 02 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 15.5 — Of repentance unto life, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/06/01</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 15: Of Repentance unto Life</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> Men ought not to content themselves with a general repentance, but it is every man's duty to endeavor to repent of his particular sins, particularly.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 19:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Keep back your servant also from presumptuous sins;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let them not have dominion over me!<br/> Then I shall be blameless,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and innocent of great transgression.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Matthew 26:75</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Peter remembered the saying of Jesus, <span class="woc">“Before the rooster crows, you will deny me three times.”</span> And he went out and wept bitterly.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 19:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Zacchaeus stood and said to the Lord, “Behold, Lord, the half of my goods I give to the poor. And if I have defrauded anyone of anything, I restore it fourfold.”</p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 1:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>though formerly I was a blasphemer, persecutor, and insolent opponent. But I received mercy because I had acted ignorantly in unbelief,</p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 1:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The saying is trustworthy and deserving of full acceptance, that Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners, of whom I am the foremost.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Jun 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 15.4 — Of repentance unto life, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/31</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 15: Of Repentance unto Life</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> As there is no sin so small, but it deserves damnation;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> so there is no sin so great, that it can bring damnation upon those who truly repent.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For all who rely on works of the law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.”</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 12:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">I tell you, on the day of judgment people will give account for every careless word they speak,</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 55:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">let the wicked forsake his way,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the unrighteous man his thoughts;<br/> let him return to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, that he may have compassion on him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to our God, for he will abundantly pardon.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Romans 8:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>There is therefore now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 1:16-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Wash yourselves; make yourselves clean;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>remove the evil of your deeds from before my eyes;<br/> cease to do evil,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>learn to do good;<br/> seek justice,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>correct oppression;<br/> bring justice to the fatherless,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>plead the widow’s cause.<br/> “Come now, let us reason together, says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>:<br/> though your sins are like scarlet,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they shall be as white as snow;<br/> though they are red like crimson,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they shall become like wool.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 31 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 15.3 — Of repentance unto life, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/30</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 15: Of Repentance unto Life</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> Although repentance be not to be rested in, as any satisfaction for sin, or any cause of the pardon thereof,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> which is the act of God's free grace in Christ;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> yet it is of such necessity to all sinners, that none may expect pardon without it.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 36:31-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then you will remember your evil ways, and your deeds that were not good, and you will loathe yourselves for your iniquities and your abominations. It is not for your sake that I will act, declares the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>; let that be known to you. Be ashamed and confounded for your ways, O house of Israel.</p> </div> <h5>Ezekiel 16:61-63</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then you will remember your ways and be ashamed when you take your sisters, both your elder and your younger, and I give them to you as daughters, but not on account of the covenant with you. I will establish my covenant with you, and you shall know that I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, that you may remember and be confounded, and never open your mouth again because of your shame, when I atone for you for all that you have done, declares the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>.”</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 43:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“I, I am he<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who blots out your transgressions for my own sake,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will not remember your sins.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hosea 14:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p28014002.01-1">Take with you words<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and return to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> say to him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Take away all iniquity;<br/> accept what is good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and we will pay with bulls<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the vows of our lips.</p> </div> </div><h5>Hosea 14:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p28014004.01-2">I will heal their apostasy;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will love them freely,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for my anger has turned from them.</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 3:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003024.01-3">and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus,</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001007.01-4">In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 13:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">No, I tell you; but unless you repent, you will all likewise perish.</span></p> </div> <h5>Luke 13:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">No, I tell you; but unless you repent, you will all likewise perish.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Mark 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">John appeared, baptizing in the wilderness and proclaiming a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 17:30-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">The times of ignorance God overlooked, but now he commands all people everywhere to repent, because he has fixed a day on which he will judge the world in righteousness by a man whom he has appointed; and of this he has given assurance to all by raising him from the dead.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 30 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 87 + WLC 76 — What is repentance unto life?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/29</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 87.</span> What is repentance unto life?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Repentance unto life is a saving grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> whereby a sinner, out of a true sense of his sin, and apprehension of the mercy of God in Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> doth, with grief and hatred of his sin, turn from it unto God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> with full purpose of, and endeavor after, new obedience.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 76.</span> What is repentance unto life?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Repentance unto life is a saving grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">5</sup> wrought in the heart of a sinner by the Spirit<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">6</sup> and Word of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">7</sup> whereby, out of the sight and sense, not only of the danger,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">8</sup> but also of the filthiness and odiousness of his sins,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">9</sup> and upon the apprehension of God's mercy in Christ to such as are penitent,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">10</sup> he so grieves for<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">11</sup> and hates his sins,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">12</sup> as that he turns from them all to God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">13</sup> purposing and endeavoring constantly to walk with him in all the ways of new obedience.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">14</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 11:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44011018.01-1">When they heard these things they fell silent. And they glorified God, saying, “Then to the Gentiles also God has granted repentance that leads to life.”</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 2:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55002025.01-2">correcting his opponents with gentleness. God may perhaps grant them repentance leading to a knowledge of the truth,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 51:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051001.30-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19051001-1">51:1 </span>Have mercy on me, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>according to your steadfast love;<br/> according to your abundant mercy<br/> <span class="indent"></span>blot out my transgressions.<br/>  Wash me thoroughly from my iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and cleanse me from my sin!</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19051003.01-1">For I know my transgressions,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my sin is ever before me.<br/>  Against you, you only, have I sinned<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and done what is evil in your sight,<br/> so that you may be justified in your words<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and blameless in your judgment.</p> </div> </div><h5>Joel 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p29002013.01-2"><span class="indent"></span>and rend your hearts and not your garments.”<br/> Return to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he is gracious and merciful,<br/> slow to anger, and abounding in steadfast love;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he relents over disaster.</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 15:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42015007.01-3"><span class="woc">Just so, I tell you, there will be more joy in heaven over one sinner who repents than over ninety-nine righteous persons who need no repentance.</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 15:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42015010.01-4"><span class="woc">Just so, I tell you, there is joy before the angels of God over one sinner who repents.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 2:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002037.01-5">Now when they heard this they were cut to the heart, and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 31:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24031018.01-1">I have heard Ephraim grieving,<br/> ‘You have disciplined me, and I was disciplined,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like an untrained calf;<br/> bring me back that I may be restored,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you are the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> my God.<br/>  For after I had turned away, I relented,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and after I was instructed, I struck my thigh;<br/> I was ashamed, and I was confounded,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because I bore the disgrace of my youth.’</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 1:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42001016.01-2">And he will turn many of the children of Israel to the Lord their God, and he will go before him in the spirit and power of Elijah, to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the disobedient to the wisdom of the just, to make ready for the Lord a people prepared.”</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52001009.01-3">For they themselves report concerning us the kind of reception we had among you, and how you turned to God from idols to serve the living and true God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Chronicles 7:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14007014.01-1">if my people who are called by my name humble themselves, and pray and seek my face and turn from their wicked ways, then I will hear from heaven and will forgive their sin and heal their land.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 119:57-64</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119057.02-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is my portion;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I promise to keep your words.<br/>  I entreat your favor with all my heart;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>be gracious to me according to your promise.<br/>  When I think on my ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I turn my feet to your testimonies;<br/>  I hasten and do not delay<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to keep your commandments.<br/>  Though the cords of the wicked ensnare me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I do not forget your law.<br/>  At midnight I rise to praise you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because of your righteous rules.<br/>  I am a companion of all who fear you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>of those who keep your precepts.<br/>  The earth, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, is full of your steadfast love;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>teach me your statutes!</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 3:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40003008.01-3">Bear fruit in keeping with repentance.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 7:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47007010.01-4">For godly grief produces a repentance that leads to salvation without regret, whereas worldly grief produces death.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 2:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55002025.01-1">correcting his opponents with gentleness. God may perhaps grant them repentance leading to a knowledge of the truth,</p> </div><h5>Acts 11:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44011018.01-2">When they heard these things they fell silent. And they glorified God, saying, “Then to the Gentiles also God has granted repentance that leads to life.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Zechariah 12:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p38012010.06-1">“And I will pour out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and pleas for mercy, so that, when they look on me, on him whom they have pierced, they shall mourn for him, as one mourns for an only child, and weep bitterly over him, as one weeps over a firstborn.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 11:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44011018.01-1">When they heard these things they fell silent. And they glorified God, saying, “Then to the Gentiles also God has granted repentance that leads to life.”</p> </div><h5>Acts 11:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44011020.01-2">But there were some of them, men of Cyprus and Cyrene, who on coming to Antioch spoke to the Hellenists also, preaching the Lord Jesus. And the hand of the Lord was with them, and a great number who believed turned to the Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 18:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26018028.01-1">Because he considered and turned away from all the transgressions that he had committed, he shall surely live; he shall not die.</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 18:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26018030.01-2">“Therefore I will judge you, O house of Israel, every one according to his ways, declares the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>. Repent and turn from all your transgressions, lest iniquity be your ruin.</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 18:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26018032.01-3">For I have no pleasure in the death of anyone, declares the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>; so turn, and live.”</p> </div><h5>Luke 15:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42015017.01-4"><span class="woc">“But when he came to himself, he said, ‘How many of my father's hired servants have more than enough bread, but I perish here with hunger!</span> <span class="woc">I will arise and go to my father, and I will say to him, “Father, I have sinned against heaven and before you.</span></p> </div><h5>Hosea 2:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p28002006.01-5">Therefore I will hedge up her way with thorns,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will build a wall against her,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so that she cannot find her paths.<br/>  She shall pursue her lovers<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but not overtake them,<br/> and she shall seek them<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but shall not find them.<br/> Then she shall say,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>‘I will go and return to my first husband,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for it was better for me then than now.’  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 36:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26036031.01-1">Then you will remember your evil ways, and your deeds that were not good, and you will loathe yourselves for your iniquities and your abominations.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 30:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p23030022.01-2">Then you will defile your carved idols overlaid with silver and your gold-plated metal images. You will scatter them as unclean things. You will say to them, “Be gone!”</p> </div><h5>Philippians 3:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50003007.01-3">But whatever gain I had, I counted as loss for the sake of Christ. Indeed, I count everything as loss because of the surpassing worth of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord. For his sake I have suffered the loss of all things and count them as rubbish, in order that I may gain Christ  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Joel 2:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p29002012.05-1">“Yet even now,” declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“return to me with all your heart,<br/> with fasting, with weeping, and with mourning;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and rend your hearts and not your garments.”<br/> Return to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he is gracious and merciful,<br/> slow to anger, and abounding in steadfast love;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he relents over disaster.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 51:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051001.30-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19051001-2">51:1 </span>Have mercy on me, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>according to your steadfast love;<br/> according to your abundant mercy<br/> <span class="indent"></span>blot out my transgressions.<br/>  Wash me thoroughly from my iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and cleanse me from my sin!</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19051003.01-2">For I know my transgressions,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my sin is ever before me.<br/>  Against you, you only, have I sinned<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and done what is evil in your sight,<br/> so that you may be justified in your words<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and blameless in your judgment.</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 15:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42015007.01-3"><span class="woc">Just so, I tell you, there will be more joy in heaven over one sinner who repents than over ninety-nine righteous persons who need no repentance.</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 15:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42015010.01-4"><span class="woc">Just so, I tell you, there is joy before the angels of God over one sinner who repents.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 2:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002037.01-5">Now when they heard this they were cut to the heart, and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 31:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24031018.01-1">I have heard Ephraim grieving,<br/> ‘You have disciplined me, and I was disciplined,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like an untrained calf;<br/> bring me back that I may be restored,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you are the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> my God.<br/>  For after I had turned away, I relented,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and after I was instructed, I struck my thigh;<br/> I was ashamed, and I was confounded,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because I bore the disgrace of my youth.’</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 32:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19032005.01-2">I acknowledged my sin to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I did not cover my iniquity;<br/> I said, “I will confess my transgressions to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you forgave the iniquity of my sin. <span class="selah">Selah</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 7:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47007011.01-1">For see what earnestness this godly grief has produced in you, but also what eagerness to clear yourselves, what indignation, what fear, what longing, what zeal, what punishment! At every point you have proved yourselves innocent in the matter.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 1:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42001016.01-1">And he will turn many of the children of Israel to the Lord their God, and he will go before him in the spirit and power of Elijah, to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children, and the disobedient to the wisdom of the just, to make ready for the Lord a people prepared.”</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52001009.01-2">For they themselves report concerning us the kind of reception we had among you, and how you turned to God from idols to serve the living and true God,</p> </div><h5>Acts 26:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44026018.01-3"><span class="woc">to open their eyes, so that they may turn from darkness to light and from the power of Satan to God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a place among those who are sanctified by faith in me.’</span></p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 14:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26014006.01-4">“Therefore say to the house of Israel, Thus says the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>: Repent and turn away from your idols, and turn away your faces from all your abominations.</p> </div><h5>1 Kings 8:47-48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11008047.01-5">yet if they turn their heart in the land to which they have been carried captive, and repent and plead with you in the land of their captors, saying, ‘We have sinned and have acted perversely and wickedly,’ if they repent with all their mind and with all their heart in the land of their enemies, who carried them captive, and pray to you toward their land, which you gave to their fathers, the city that you have chosen, and the house that I have built for your name,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Chronicles 7:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14007014.01-1">if my people who are called by my name humble themselves, and pray and seek my face and turn from their wicked ways, then I will hear from heaven and will forgive their sin and heal their land.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 119:57-64</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119057.02-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is my portion;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I promise to keep your words.<br/>  I entreat your favor with all my heart;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>be gracious to me according to your promise.<br/>  When I think on my ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I turn my feet to your testimonies;<br/>  I hasten and do not delay<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to keep your commandments.<br/>  Though the cords of the wicked ensnare me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I do not forget your law.<br/>  At midnight I rise to praise you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because of your righteous rules.<br/>  I am a companion of all who fear you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>of those who keep your precepts.<br/>  The earth, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, is full of your steadfast love;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>teach me your statutes!</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 3:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40003008.01-3">Bear fruit in keeping with repentance.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 7:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47007010.01-4">For godly grief produces a repentance that leads to salvation without regret, whereas worldly grief produces death.</p> </div><h5>Luke 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42001006.01-5">And they were both righteous before God, walking blamelessly in all the commandments and statutes of the Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 29 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 15.2 — Of repentance unto life, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/28</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 15: Of Repentance unto Life</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> By it, a sinner, out of the sight and sense not only of the danger, but also of the filthiness and odiousness of his sins, as contrary to the holy nature, and righteous law of God; and upon the apprehension of his mercy in Christ to such as are penitent, so grieves for, and hates his sins, as to turn from them all unto God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> purposing and endeavoring to walk with him in all the ways of his commandments.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 18:30-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Therefore I will judge you, O house of Israel, every one according to his ways, declares the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>. Repent and turn from all your transgressions, lest iniquity be your ruin. Cast away from you all the transgressions that you have committed, and make yourselves a new heart and a new spirit! Why will you die, O house of Israel?</p> </div> <h5>Ezekiel 36:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then you will remember your evil ways, and your deeds that were not good, and you will loathe yourselves for your iniquities and your abominations.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 30:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then you will defile your carved idols overlaid with silver and your gold-plated metal images. You will scatter them as unclean things. You will say to them, “Be gone!”</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 51:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Against you, you only, have I sinned<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and done what is evil in your sight,<br/> so that you may be justified in your words<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and blameless in your judgment.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 31:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I have heard Ephraim grieving,<br/> ‘You have disciplined me, and I was disciplined,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like an untrained calf;<br/> bring me back that I may be restored,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you are the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> my God.<br/> For after I had turned away, I relented,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and after I was instructed, I struck my thigh;<br/> I was ashamed, and I was confounded,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because I bore the disgrace of my youth.’</p> </div> </div> <h5>Joel 2:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Yet even now,” declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“return to me with all your heart,<br/> with fasting, with weeping, and with mourning;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and rend your hearts and not your garments.”<br/> Return to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he is gracious and merciful,<br/> slow to anger, and abounding in steadfast love;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he relents over disaster.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Amos 5:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Hate evil, and love good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and establish justice in the gate;<br/> it may be that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of hosts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>will be gracious to the remnant of Joseph.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:128</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Therefore I consider all your precepts to be right;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I hate every false way.</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 7:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For see what earnestness this godly grief has produced in you, but also what eagerness to clear yourselves, what indignation, what fear, what longing, what zeal, what punishment! At every point you have proved yourselves innocent in the matter.</p> </div> <h5>1 Thessalonians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For they themselves report concerning us the kind of reception we had among you, and how you turned to God from idols to serve the living and true God,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 119:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Then I shall not be put to shame,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>having my eyes fixed on all your commandments.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:59</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">When I think on my ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I turn my feet to your testimonies;</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:106</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I have sworn an oath and confirmed it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to keep your righteous rules.</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Kings 23:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Before him there was no king like him, who turned to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> with all his heart and with all his soul and with all his might, according to all the Law of Moses, nor did any like him arise after him.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And they were both righteous before God, walking blamelessly in all the commandments and statutes of the Lord.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 28 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 15.1 — Of repentance unto life, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/27</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 15: Of Repentance unto Life</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> Repentance unto life is an evangelical grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> the doctrine whereof is to be preached by every minister of the gospel, as well as that of faith in Christ.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 11:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>When they heard these things they fell silent. And they glorified God, saying, “Then to the Gentiles also God has granted repentance that leads to life.”</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 7:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For godly grief produces a repentance that leads to salvation without regret, whereas worldly grief produces death.</p> </div> <h5>Zechariah 12:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“And I will pour out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and pleas for mercy, so that, when they look on me, on him whom they have pierced, they shall mourn for him, as one mourns for an only child, and weep bitterly over him, as one weeps over a firstborn.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 24:47</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42024047.01-1"><span class="woc">and that repentance and forgiveness of sins should be proclaimed in his name to all nations, beginning from Jerusalem.</span></p> </div><h5>Mark 1:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41001015.01-2">and saying, <span class="woc">“The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand; repent and believe in the gospel.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 20:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44020021.01-3">testifying both to Jews and to Greeks of repentance toward God and of faith in our Lord Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 27 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 14.3 — Of saving faith, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/26</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 14: Of Saving Faith</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> This faith is different in degrees, weak or strong;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> may be often and many ways assailed, and weakened, but gets the victory:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> growing up in many to the attainment of a full assurance, through Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> who is both the author and finisher of our faith.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 5:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>for everyone who lives on milk is unskilled in the word of righteousness, since he is a child. But solid food is for the mature, for those who have their powers of discernment trained by constant practice to distinguish good from evil.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 14:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>As for the one who is weak in faith, welcome him, but not to quarrel over opinions. One person believes he may eat anything, while the weak person eats only vegetables.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 6:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But if God so clothes the grass of the field, which today is alive and tomorrow is thrown into the oven, will he not much more clothe you, O you of little faith?</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 4:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He did not weaken in faith when he considered his own body, which was as good as dead (since he was about a hundred years old), or when he considered the barrenness of Sarah’s womb. No unbelief made him waver concerning the promise of God, but he grew strong in his faith as he gave glory to God,</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 8:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>When Jesus heard this, he marveled and said to those who followed him, <span class="woc">“Truly, I tell you, with no one in Israel have I found such faith.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 22:31-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42022031.05-1"><span class="woc">“Simon, Simon, behold, Satan demanded to have you, that he might sift you like wheat,</span> <span class="woc">but I have prayed for you that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned again, strengthen your brothers.”</span></p> </div><h5>Ephesians 6:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006016.01-2">In all circumstances take up the shield of faith, with which you can extinguish all the flaming darts of the evil one;</p> </div><h5>1 John 5:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62005004.01-3">For everyone who has been born of God overcomes the world. And this is the victory that has overcome the world—our faith. Who is it that overcomes the world except the one who believes that Jesus is the Son of God?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 6:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And we desire each one of you to show the same earnestness to have the full assurance of hope until the end, so that you may not be sluggish, but imitators of those who through faith and patience inherit the promises.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 10:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, with our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 2:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that their hearts may be encouraged, being knit together in love, to reach all the riches of full assurance of understanding and the knowledge of God’s mystery, which is Christ,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 12:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012002.01-1">looking to Jesus, the founder and perfecter of our faith, who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is seated at the right hand of the throne of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 26 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 73 — How doth faith justify a sinner in the sight of God?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/25</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 73.</span> How doth faith justify a sinner in the sight of God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Faith justifies a sinner in the sight of God, not because of those other graces which do always accompany it, or of good works that are the fruits of it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> nor as if the grace of faith, or any act thereof, were imputed to him for his justification;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> but only as it is an instrument by which he receiveth and applieth Christ and his righteousness.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003011.01-1">Now it is evident that no one is justified before God by the law, for “The righteous shall live by faith.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003028.01-2">For we hold that one is justified by faith apart from works of the law.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004005.01-1">And to the one who does not work but believes in him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is counted as righteousness,</p> </div><h5>Romans 10:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010010.01-2">For with the heart one believes and is justified, and with the mouth one confesses and is saved.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God,</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own that comes from the law, but that which comes through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith—</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 25 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 14.2 — Of saving faith, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/24</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 14: Of Saving Faith</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> By this faith, a Christian believeth to be true whatsoever is revealed in the Word, for the authority of God himself speaking therein;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and acteth differently upon that which each particular passage thereof containeth; yielding obedience to the commands,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> trembling at the threatenings,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and embracing the promises of God for this life, and that which is to come.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> But the principal acts of saving faith are accepting, receiving, and resting upon Christ alone for justification, sanctification, and eternal life, by virtue of the covenant of grace.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Peter 1:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>knowing this first of all, that no prophecy of Scripture comes from someone’s own interpretation. For no prophecy was ever produced by the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.</p> </div> <h5>John 4:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>They said to the woman, “It is no longer because of what you said that we believe, for we have heard for ourselves, and we know that this is indeed the Savior of the world.”</p> </div> <h5>1 Thessalonians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And we also thank God constantly for this, that when you received the word of God, which you heard from us, you accepted it not as the word of men but as what it really is, the word of God, which is at work in you believers.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 5:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If we receive the testimony of men, the testimony of God is greater, for this is the testimony of God that he has borne concerning his Son. Whoever believes in the Son of God has the testimony in himself. Whoever does not believe God has made him a liar, because he has not believed in the testimony that God has borne concerning his Son.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 24:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But this I confess to you, that according to the Way, which they call a sect, I worship the God of our fathers, believing everything laid down by the Law and written in the Prophets,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 119:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">With my whole heart I seek you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let me not wander from your commandments!<br/> I have stored up your word in my heart,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I might not sin against you.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I will lift up my hands toward your commandments, which I love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will meditate on your statutes.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:97-98</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Oh how I love your law!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>It is my meditation all the day.<br/> Your commandment makes me wiser than my enemies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for it is ever with me.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:167-168</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">My soul keeps your testimonies;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I love them exceedingly.<br/> I keep your precepts and testimonies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all my ways are before you.</p> </div> </div> <h5>John 14:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“If you love me, you will keep my commandments.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezra 9:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then all who trembled at the words of the God of Israel, because of the faithlessness of the returned exiles, gathered around me while I sat appalled until the evening sacrifice.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 66:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">All these things my hand has made,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and so all these things came to be,<br/> declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.<br/> But this is the one to whom I will look:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he who is humble and contrite in spirit<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and trembles at my word.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Hebrews 4:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, while the promise of entering his rest still stands, let us fear lest any of you should seem to have failed to reach it.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 11:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58011013.01-1">These all died in faith, not having received the things promised, but having seen them and greeted them from afar, and having acknowledged that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 4:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54004008.01-2">for while bodily training is of some value, godliness is of value in every way, as it holds promise for the present life and also for the life to come.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God,</p> </div> <h5>Acts 16:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And they said, “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved, you and your household.”</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 2:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I have been crucified with Christ. It is no longer I who live, but Christ who lives in me. And the life I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself for me.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 15:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But we believe that we will be saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus, just as they will.”</p> </div> <h5>2 Timothy 1:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who saved us and called us to a holy calling, not because of our works but because of his own purpose and grace, which he gave us in Christ Jesus before the ages began, and which now has been manifested through the appearing of our Savior Christ Jesus, who abolished death and brought life and immortality to light through the gospel,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 24 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 86 + WLC 72 — What is faith in Jesus Christ?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/23</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 86.</span> What is faith in Jesus Christ?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Faith in Jesus Christ is a saving grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> whereby we receive and rest upon him alone for salvation, as he is offered to us in the gospel.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 72.</span> What is justifying faith?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Justifying faith is a saving grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> wrought in the heart of a sinner by the Spirit<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> and Word of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup> whereby he, being convinced of his sin and misery, and of the disability in himself and all other creatures to recover him out of his lost condition,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">6</sup> not only assenteth to the truth of the promise of the gospel,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">7</sup> but receiveth and resteth upon Christ and his righteousness, therein held forth, for pardon of sin,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">8</sup> and for the accepting and accounting of his person righteous in the sight of God for salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002008.01-1">For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works, so that no one may boast.</p> </div><h5>Romans 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004016.01-2">That is why it depends on faith, in order that the promise may rest on grace and be guaranteed to all his offspring—not only to the adherent of the law but also to the one who shares the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 20:30-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p43020030.06-1">Now Jesus did many other signs in the presence of the disciples, which are not written in this book; but these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 2:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p48002015.04-2">We ourselves are Jews by birth and not Gentile sinners; yet we know that a person is not justified by works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ, so we also have believed in Christ Jesus, in order to be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law, because by works of the law no one will be justified.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 3:3-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50003003.01-3">For we are the circumcision, who worship by the Spirit of God and glory in Christ Jesus and put no confidence in the flesh— though I myself have reason for confidence in the flesh also. If anyone else thinks he has reason for confidence in the flesh, I have more: circumcised on the eighth day, of the people of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of Hebrews; as to the law, a Pharisee; as to zeal, a persecutor of the church; as to righteousness under the law, blameless. But whatever gain I had, I counted as loss for the sake of Christ. Indeed, I count everything as loss because of the surpassing worth of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord. For his sake I have suffered the loss of all things and count them as rubbish, in order that I may gain Christ and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own that comes from the law, but that which comes through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith— that I may know him and the power of his resurrection, and may share his sufferings, becoming like him in his death, that by any means possible I may attain the resurrection from the dead.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 10:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p58010039.01-1">But we are not of those who shrink back and are destroyed, but of those who have faith and preserve their souls.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47004013.01-1">Since we have the same spirit of faith according to what has been written, “I believed, and so I spoke,” we also believe, and so we also speak,</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:17-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001017.01-2">that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give you a spirit of wisdom and of revelation in the knowledge of him, having the eyes of your hearts enlightened, that you may know what is the hope to which he has called you, what are the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints, and what is the immeasurable greatness of his power toward us who believe, according to the working of his great might</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 12:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012003.01-3">Therefore I want you to understand that no one speaking in the Spirit of God ever says “Jesus is accursed!” and no one can say “Jesus is Lord” except in the Holy Spirit.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001002.01-4">according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, in the sanctification of the Spirit, for obedience to Jesus Christ and for sprinkling with his blood:</p> <p id="p60001002.26-4">May grace and peace be multiplied to you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 10:14-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010014.01-1">How then will they call on him in whom they have not believed? And how are they to believe in him of whom they have never heard? And how are they to hear without someone preaching? And how are they to preach unless they are sent? As it is written, “How beautiful are the feet of those who preach the good news!” But they have not all obeyed the gospel. For Isaiah says, “Lord, who has believed what he has heard from us?” So faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 1:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46001021.01-2">For since, in the wisdom of God, the world did not know God through wisdom, it pleased God through the folly of what we preach to save those who believe.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002037.01-1">Now when they heard this they were cut to the heart, and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?”</p> </div><h5>Acts 16:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44016030.01-2">Then he brought them out and said, “Sirs, what must I do to be saved?”</p> </div><h5>John 16:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43016008.01-3"><span class="woc">And when he comes, he will convict the world concerning sin and righteousness and judgment:</span> <span class="woc">concerning sin, because they do not believe in me;</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 6:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006006.01-4">We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49002001.05-5"><span class="chapter-num" id="v49002001-5">2:1 </span>And you were dead in the trespasses and sins</p> </div><h5>Acts 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44004012.01-6">And there is salvation in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given among men by which we must be saved.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001013.01-1">In him you also, when you heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, and believed in him, were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit,</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 11:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58011013.01-2">These all died in faith, not having received the things promised, but having seen them and greeted them from afar, and having acknowledged that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001012.01-1">But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God,</p> </div><h5>Acts 16:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44016031.01-2">And they said, “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved, you and your household.”</p> </div><h5>Acts 10:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44010043.01-3">To him all the prophets bear witness that everyone who believes in him receives forgiveness of sins through his name.”</p> </div><h5>Zechariah 3:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p38003008.01-4">Hear now, O Joshua the high priest, you and your friends who sit before you, for they are men who are a sign: behold, I will bring my servant the Branch. For behold, on the stone that I have set before Joshua, on a single stone with seven eyes, I will engrave its inscription, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts, and I will remove the iniquity of this land in a single day.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50003009.01-1">and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own that comes from the law, but that which comes through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith—</p> </div><h5>Acts 15:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44015011.01-2">But we believe that we will be saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus, just as they will.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 23 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>WCF 14.1 — Of saving faith, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/22</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 14: Of Saving Faith</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> The grace of faith, whereby the elect are enabled to believe to the saving of their souls,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> is the work of the Spirit of Christ in their hearts,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and is ordinarily wrought by the ministry of the Word,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> by which also, and by the administration of the sacraments, and prayer, it is increased and strengthened.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 1:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Paul, a servant of God and an apostle of Jesus Christ, for the sake of the faith of God’s elect and their knowledge of the truth, which accords with godliness,</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 10:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">But we are not of those who shrink back and are destroyed, but of those who have faith and preserve their souls.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 12:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore I want you to understand that no one speaking in the Spirit of God ever says “Jesus is accursed!” and no one can say “Jesus is Lord” except in the Holy Spirit.</p> </div> <h5>John 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God.</span></p> </div> <h5>Titus 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,</p> </div> <h5>John 6:44-45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him. And I will raise him up on the last day.</span> <span class="woc">It is written in the Prophets, ‘And they will all be taught by God.’ Everyone who has heard and learned from the Father comes to me—</span></p> </div> <h5>John 6:65</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he said, <span class="woc">“This is why I told you that no one can come to me unless it is granted him by the Father.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God,</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 1:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For it has been granted to you that for the sake of Christ you should not only believe in him but also suffer for his sake,</p> </div> <h5>2 Peter 1:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Simeon Peter, a servant and apostle of Jesus Christ,</p> <p>To those who have obtained a faith of equal standing with ours by the righteousness of our God and Savior Jesus Christ:</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, in the sanctification of the Spirit, for obedience to Jesus Christ and for sprinkling with his blood:</p> <p>May grace and peace be multiplied to you.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 10:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>How then will they call on him in whom they have not believed? And how are they to believe in him of whom they have never heard? And how are they to hear without someone preaching?</p> </div> <h5>Romans 10:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 1:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">For since, in the wisdom of God, the world did not know God through wisdom, it pleased God through the folly of what we preach to save those who believe.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 2:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Like newborn infants, long for the pure spiritual milk, that by it you may grow up into salvation—</p> </div> <h5>Acts 20:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And now I commend you to God and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up and to give you the inheritance among all those who are sanctified.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 1:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I am not ashamed of the gospel, for it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek. For in it the righteousness of God is revealed from faith for faith, as it is written, “The righteous shall live by faith.”</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 10:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 11:23-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body, which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.</p> <p>Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty concerning the body and blood of the Lord. Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 17:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The apostles said to the Lord, “Increase our faith!”</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 4:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God. And the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and your minds in Christ Jesus.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 22 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 85 + WLC 153 — What doth God require of us that we may escape his wrath and curse due to us for sin?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/21</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 85.</span> What doth God require of us that we may escape his wrath and curse due to us for sin?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> To escape the wrath and curse of God, due to us for sin, God requireth of us faith in Jesus Christ, repentance unto life,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> with the diligent use of all the outward means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 153.</span> What doth God require of us, that we may escape his wrath and curse due to us by reason of the transgression of the law?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> That we may escape the wrath and curse of God due to us by reason of the transgression of the law, he requireth of us repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> and the diligent use of the outward means whereby Christ communicates to us the benefits of his mediation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 1:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41001015.01-1">and saying, <span class="woc">“The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand; repent and believe in the gospel.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 20:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44020021.01-2">testifying both to Jews and to Greeks of repentance toward God and of faith in our Lord Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002038.01-1">And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011024.01-2">and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span></p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003016.01-3">Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly, teaching and admonishing one another in all wisdom, singing psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, with thankfulness in your hearts to God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 20:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44020021.01-1">testifying both to Jews and to Greeks of repentance toward God and of faith in our Lord Jesus Christ.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 3:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40003007.01-2">But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his baptism, he said to them, “You brood of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the wrath to come? Bear fruit in keeping with repentance.</p> </div><h5>Luke 13:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42013003.01-3"><span class="woc">No, I tell you; but unless you repent, you will all likewise perish.</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 13:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42013005.01-4"><span class="woc">No, I tell you; but unless you repent, you will all likewise perish.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 16:30-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44016030.01-5">Then he brought them out and said, “Sirs, what must I do to be saved?” And they said, “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved, you and your household.”</p> </div><h5>John 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p43003016.07-6"><span class="woc">“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.</span></p> </div><h5>John 3:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003018.01-7"><span class="woc">Whoever believes in him is not condemned, but whoever does not believe is condemned already, because he has not believed in the name of the only Son of God.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 2:1-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20002001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v20002001-1">2:1 </span>My son, if you receive my words<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and treasure up my commandments with you,<br/>  making your ear attentive to wisdom<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and inclining your heart to understanding;<br/>  yes, if you call out for insight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and raise your voice for understanding,<br/>  if you seek it like silver<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and search for it as for hidden treasures,<br/>  then you will understand the fear of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>and find the knowledge of God.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 8:33-36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20008033.01-2">Hear instruction and be wise,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not neglect it.<br/>  Blessed is the one who listens to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>watching daily at my gates,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>waiting beside my doors.<br/>  For whoever finds me finds life<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and obtains favor from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/>  but he who fails to find me injures himself;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all who hate me love death.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 21 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 36 — What are the benefits which in this life do accompany justification?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/20</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 36.</span> What are the benefits which in this life do accompany or flow from justification, adoption and sanctification?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The benefits which in this life do accompany or flow from justification, adoption, and sanctification, are, assurance of God's love,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> peace of conscience,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> joy in the Holy Ghost,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> increase of grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup> and perseverance therein to the end.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005005.01-1">and hope does not put us to shame, because God's love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who has been given to us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45005001-1">5:1 </span>Therefore, since we have been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 14:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45014017.01-1">For the kingdom of God is not a matter of eating and drinking but of righteousness and peace and joy in the Holy Spirit.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Peter 3:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61003018.01-1">But grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. To him be the glory both now and to the day of eternity. Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50001006.01-1">And I am sure of this, that he who began a good work in you will bring it to completion at the day of Jesus Christ.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001005.01-2">who by God's power are being guarded through faith for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 20 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 77 — Wherein do justification and sanctification differ?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/19</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 77.</span> Wherein do justification and sanctification differ?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Although sanctification be inseparably joined with justification,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> yet they differ, in that God in justification imputeth the righteousness of Christ;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> in sanctification his Spirit infuseth grace, and enableth to the exercise thereof;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> in the former, sin is pardoned;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> in the other, it is subdued:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> the one doth equally free all believers from the revenging wrath of God, and that perfectly in this life, that they never fall into condemnation;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> the other is neither equal in all,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> nor in this life perfect in any,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> but growing up to perfection.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 6:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46006011.01-1">And such were some of you. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 1:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46001030.01-2">And because of him you are in Christ Jesus, who became to us wisdom from God, righteousness and sanctification and redemption,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004006.01-1">just as David also speaks of the blessing of the one to whom God counts righteousness apart from works:</p> </div><h5>Romans 4:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45004008.01-2">blessed is the man against whom the Lord will not count his sin.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 36:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26036027.01-1">And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009013.01-2">For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the sprinkling of defiled persons with the ashes of a heifer, sanctify for the purification of the flesh, how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003024.01-1">and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God's righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006006.01-1">We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006014.01-2">For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:33-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008033.01-1">Who shall bring any charge against God's elect? It is God who justifies. Who is to condemn? Christ Jesus is the one who died—more than that, who was raised—who is at the right hand of God, who indeed is interceding for us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 2:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p62002012.01-1">I am writing to you, little children,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because your sins are forgiven for his name's sake.<br/>  I am writing to you, fathers,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because you know him who is from the beginning.<br/> I am writing to you, young men,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because you have overcome the evil one.<br/> I write to you, children,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because you know the Father.<br/>  I write to you, fathers,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because you know him who is from the beginning.<br/> I write to you, young men,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because you are strong,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the word of God abides in you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you have overcome the evil one.</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 5:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58005012.01-2">For though by this time you ought to be teachers, you need someone to teach you again the basic principles of the oracles of God. You need milk, not solid food, for everyone who lives on milk is unskilled in the word of righteousness, since he is a child. But solid food is for the mature, for those who have their powers of discernment trained by constant practice to distinguish good from evil.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 1:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62001008.01-1">If we say we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us.</p> </div><h5>1 John 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62001010.01-2">If we say we have not sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 7:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47007001.01-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v47007001-1">7:1 </span>Since we have these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from every defilement of body and spirit, bringing holiness to completion in the fear of God.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 3:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p50003012.05-2">Not that I have already obtained this or am already perfect, but I press on to make it my own, because Christ Jesus has made me his own. Brothers, I do not consider that I have made it my own. But one thing I do: forgetting what lies behind and straining forward to what lies ahead, I press on toward the goal for the prize of the upward call of God in Christ Jesus.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 19 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 13.3 — Of sanctification, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/18</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 13: Of Sanctification</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> In which war, although the remaining corruption, for a time, may much prevail;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet, through the continual supply of strength from the sanctifying Spirit of Christ, the regenerate part doth overcome;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and so, the saints grow in grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> perfecting holiness in the fear of God.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 7:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007023.01-1">but I see in my members another law waging war against the law of my mind and making me captive to the law of sin that dwells in my members.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 5:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For everyone who has been born of God overcomes the world. And this is the victory that has overcome the world—our faith.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 4:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">Rather, speaking the truth in love, we are to grow up in every way into him who is the head, into Christ, from whom the whole body, joined and held together by every joint with which it is equipped, when each part is working properly, makes the body grow so that it builds itself up in love.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the law of the Spirit of life has set you free in Christ Jesus from the law of sin and death.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Peter 3:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61003018.01-1">But grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. To him be the glory both now and to the day of eternity. Amen.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 3:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47003018.01-2">And we all, with unveiled face, beholding the glory of the Lord, are being transformed into the same image from one degree of glory to another. For this comes from the Lord who is the Spirit.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 7:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Since we have these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from every defilement of body and spirit, bringing holiness to completion in the fear of God.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 13.2 + WLC 78 — Whence ariseth the imperfection of sanctification in believers?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/17</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 13: Of Sanctification</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> This sanctification is throughout, in the whole man;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">4</sup> yet imperfect in this life, there abiding still some remnants of corruption in every part;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">5</sup> whence ariseth a continual and irreconcilable war, the flesh lusting against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">6</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 78.</span> Whence ariseth the imperfection of sanctification in believers?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The imperfection of sanctification in believers ariseth from the remnants of sin abiding in every part of them, and the perpetual lustings of the flesh against the spirit; whereby they are often foiled with temptations, and fall into many sins,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> are hindered in all their spiritual services,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and their best works are imperfect and defiled in the sight of God.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 7:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007018.01-1">For I know that nothing good dwells in me, that is, in my flesh. For I have the desire to do what is right, but not the ability to carry it out.</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007023.01-2">but I see in my members another law waging war against the law of my mind and making me captive to the law of sin that dwells in my members.</p> </div><h5>Mark 14:66-72</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p41014066.04-3">And as Peter was below in the courtyard, one of the servant girls of the high priest came, and seeing Peter warming himself, she looked at him and said, “You also were with the Nazarene, Jesus.” But he denied it, saying, “I neither know nor understand what you mean.” And he went out into the gateway and the rooster crowed. And the servant girl saw him and began again to say to the bystanders, “This man is one of them.” But again he denied it. And after a little while the bystanders again said to Peter, “Certainly you are one of them, for you are a Galilean.” But he began to invoke a curse on himself and to swear, “I do not know this man of whom you speak.” And immediately the rooster crowed a second time. And Peter remembered how Jesus had said to him, <span class="woc">“Before the rooster crows twice, you will deny me three times.”</span> And he broke down and wept.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 2:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p48002011.04-4">But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. For before certain men came from James, he was eating with the Gentiles; but when they came he drew back and separated himself, fearing the circumcision party.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 12:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58012001.08-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v58012001-1">12:1 </span>Therefore, since we are surrounded by so great a cloud of witnesses, let us also lay aside every weight, and sin which clings so closely, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 64:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23064006.01-1">We have all become like one who is unclean,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all our righteous deeds are like a polluted garment.<br/> We all fade like a leaf,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and our iniquities, like the wind, take us away.</p> </div> </div><h5>Exodus 28:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02028038.01-2">It shall be on Aaron's forehead, and Aaron shall bear any guilt from the holy things that the people of Israel consecrate as their holy gifts. It shall regularly be on his forehead, that they may be accepted before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 5:16-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p48005016.05-3">But I say, walk by the Spirit, and you will not gratify the desires of the flesh. For the desires of the flesh are against the Spirit, and the desires of the Spirit are against the flesh, for these are opposed to each other, to keep you from doing the things you want to do. But if you are led by the Spirit, you are not under the law.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now may the God of peace himself sanctify you completely, and may your whole spirit and soul and body be kept blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 12:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I appeal to you therefore, brothers, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship. Do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewal of your mind, that by testing you may discern what is the will of God, what is good and acceptable and perfect.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 1:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If we say we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us. If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness. If we say we have not sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 7:14-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we know that the law is spiritual, but I am of the flesh, sold under sin. For I do not understand my own actions. For I do not do what I want, but I do the very thing I hate. Now if I do what I do not want, I agree with the law, that it is good. So now it is no longer I who do it, but sin that dwells within me. For I know that nothing good dwells in me, that is, in my flesh. For I have the desire to do what is right, but not the ability to carry it out. For I do not do the good I want, but the evil I do not want is what I keep on doing. Now if I do what I do not want, it is no longer I who do it, but sin that dwells within me.</p> <p>So I find it to be a law that when I want to do right, evil lies close at hand. For I delight in the law of God, in my inner being, but I see in my members another law waging war against the law of my mind and making me captive to the law of sin that dwells in my members. Wretched man that I am! Who will deliver me from this body of death? Thanks be to God through Jesus Christ our Lord! So then, I myself serve the law of God with my mind, but with my flesh I serve the law of sin.</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Not that I have already obtained this or am already perfect, but I press on to make it my own, because Christ Jesus has made me his own.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the desires of the flesh are against the Spirit, and the desires of the Spirit are against the flesh, for these are opposed to each other, to keep you from doing the things you want to do.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 17 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>WSC 35 + WLC 75 — What is sanctification?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/16</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 35.</span> What is sanctification?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Sanctification is the work of God's free grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> whereby we are renewed in the whole man after the image of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> and are enabled more and more to die unto sin, and live unto righteousness.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 75.</span> What is sanctification?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Sanctification is a work of God's grace, whereby they whom God hath, before the foundation of the world, chosen to be holy, are in time, through the powerful operation of his Spirit<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">4</sup> applying the death and resurrection of Christ unto them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">5</sup> renewed in their whole man after the image of God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">6</sup> having the seeds of repentance unto life, and all other saving graces, put into their hearts,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">7</sup> and those graces so stirred up, increased, and strengthened,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">8</sup> as that they more and more die unto sin, and rise unto newness of life.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 36:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26036027.01-1">And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002013.01-2">for it is God who works in you, both to will and to work for his good pleasure.</p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p53002013.03-3">But we ought always to give thanks to God for you, brothers beloved by the Lord, because God chose you as the firstfruits to be saved, through sanctification by the Spirit and belief in the truth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005017.01-1">Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation. The old has passed away; behold, the new has come.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004023.01-2">and to be renewed in the spirit of your minds, and to put on the new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness.</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52005023.01-3">Now may the God of peace himself sanctify you completely, and may your whole spirit and soul and body be kept blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 36:25-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26036025.01-1">I will sprinkle clean water on you, and you shall be clean from all your uncleannesses, and from all your idols I will cleanse you. And I will give you a new heart, and a new spirit I will put within you. And I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh. And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006004.01-2">We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006006.01-3">We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006012.01-4">Let not sin therefore reign in your mortal body, to make you obey its passions. Do not present your members to sin as instruments for unrighteousness, but present yourselves to God as those who have been brought from death to life, and your members to God as instruments for righteousness. For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 7:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47007001.01-5"><span class="chapter-num" id="v47007001-5">7:1 </span>Since we have these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from every defilement of body and spirit, bringing holiness to completion in the fear of God.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 2:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002024.01-6">He himself bore our sins in his body on the tree, that we might die to sin and live to righteousness. By his wounds you have been healed.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 36:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26036027.01-1">And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002013.01-2">for it is God who works in you, both to will and to work for his good pleasure.</p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p53002013.03-3">But we ought always to give thanks to God for you, brothers beloved by the Lord, because God chose you as the firstfruits to be saved, through sanctification by the Spirit and belief in the truth.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001004.01-4">even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before him. In love</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 6:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46006011.01-5">And such were some of you. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006004.01-1">We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> <p id="p45006005.01-1">For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we shall certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his. We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p51003001.06-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v51003001-2">3:1 </span>If then you have been raised with Christ, seek the things that are above, where Christ is, seated at the right hand of God. Set your minds on things that are above, not on things that are on earth. For you have died, and your life is hidden with Christ in God.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50003010.01-3">that I may know him and the power of his resurrection, and may share his sufferings, becoming like him in his death,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005017.01-1">Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation. The old has passed away; behold, the new has come.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004023.01-2">and to be renewed in the spirit of your minds, and to put on the new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness.</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52005023.01-3">Now may the God of peace himself sanctify you completely, and may your whole spirit and soul and body be kept blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 11:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44011018.01-1">When they heard these things they fell silent. And they glorified God, saying, “Then to the Gentiles also God has granted repentance that leads to life.”</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003009.01-2">No one born of God makes a practice of sinning, for God's seed abides in him, and he cannot keep on sinning because he has been born of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jude 1:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p65001020.01-1">But you, beloved, building yourselves up in your most holy faith and praying in the Holy Spirit,</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 6:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006011.01-2">And we desire each one of you to show the same earnestness to have the full assurance of hope until the end, so that you may not be sluggish, but imitators of those who through faith and patience inherit the promises.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 3:16-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49003016.01-3">that according to the riches of his glory he may grant you to be strengthened with power through his Spirit in your inner being, so that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith—that you, being rooted and grounded in love, may have strength to comprehend with all the saints what is the breadth and length and height and depth, and to know the love of Christ that surpasses knowledge, that you may be filled with all the fullness of God.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 1:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001010.01-4">so as to walk in a manner worthy of the Lord, fully pleasing to him, bearing fruit in every good work and increasing in the knowledge of God. May you be strengthened with all power, according to his glorious might, for all endurance and patience with joy,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 36:25-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26036025.01-1">I will sprinkle clean water on you, and you shall be clean from all your uncleannesses, and from all your idols I will cleanse you. And I will give you a new heart, and a new spirit I will put within you. And I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh. And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006004.01-2">We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006006.01-3">We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006012.01-4">Let not sin therefore reign in your mortal body, to make you obey its passions. Do not present your members to sin as instruments for unrighteousness, but present yourselves to God as those who have been brought from death to life, and your members to God as instruments for righteousness. For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 7:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47007001.01-5"><span class="chapter-num" id="v47007001-5">7:1 </span>Since we have these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from every defilement of body and spirit, bringing holiness to completion in the fear of God.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 2:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002024.01-6">He himself bore our sins in his body on the tree, that we might die to sin and live to righteousness. By his wounds you have been healed.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 5:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005024.01-7">And those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 16 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 13.1 — Of sanctification, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/15</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 13: Of Sanctification</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> They, who are once effectually called, and regenerated, having a new heart, and a new spirit created in them, are further sanctified, really and personally, through the virtue of Christ's death and resurrection,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> by his Word and Spirit dwelling in them:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> the dominion of the whole body of sin is destroyed,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and the several lusts thereof are more and more weakened and mortified;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> and they more and more quickened and strengthened in all saving graces,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> to the practice of true holiness, without which no man shall see the Lord.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now may the God of peace himself sanctify you completely, and may your whole spirit and soul and body be kept blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ. He who calls you is faithful; he will surely do it.</p> </div> <h5>2 Thessalonians 2:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But we ought always to give thanks to God for you, brothers beloved by the Lord, because God chose you as the firstfruits to be saved, through sanctification by the Spirit and belief in the truth. To this he called you through our gospel, so that you may obtain the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Ezekiel 36:22-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Therefore say to the house of Israel, Thus says the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>: It is not for your sake, O house of Israel, that I am about to act, but for the sake of my holy name, which you have profaned among the nations to which you came. And I will vindicate the holiness of my great name, which has been profaned among the nations, and which you have profaned among them. And the nations will know that I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, declares the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>, when through you I vindicate my holiness before their eyes. I will take you from the nations and gather you from all the countries and bring you into your own land. I will sprinkle clean water on you, and you shall be clean from all your uncleannesses, and from all your idols I will cleanse you. And I will give you a new heart, and a new spirit I will put within you. And I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh. And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules. You shall dwell in the land that I gave to your fathers, and you shall be my people, and I will be your God.</p> </div> <h5>Titus 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,</p> </div> <h5>Acts 20:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And now I commend you to God and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up and to give you the inheritance among all those who are sanctified.</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that I may know him and the power of his resurrection, and may share his sufferings, becoming like him in his death,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 6:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we shall certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his. We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 17:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Sanctify them in the truth; your word is truth.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 17:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And for their sake I consecrate myself, that they also may be sanctified in truth.</span></p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 5:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that he might sanctify her, having cleansed her by the washing of water with the word,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For if you live according to the flesh you will die, but if by the Spirit you put to death the deeds of the body, you will live. For all who are led by the Spirit of God are sons of God.</p> </div> <h5>2 Thessalonians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But we ought always to give thanks to God for you, brothers beloved by the Lord, because God chose you as the firstfruits to be saved, through sanctification by the Spirit and belief in the truth.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006006.01-1">We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006014.01-2">For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 5:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005024.01-1">And those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008013.01-2">For if you live according to the flesh you will die, but if by the Spirit you put to death the deeds of the body, you will live.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 1:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>so as to walk in a manner worthy of the Lord, fully pleasing to him: bearing fruit in every good work and increasing in the knowledge of God; being strengthened with all power, according to his glorious might, for all endurance and patience with joy;</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 3:16-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that according to the riches of his glory he may grant you to be strengthened with power through his Spirit in your inner being, so that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith—that you, being rooted and grounded in love, may have strength to comprehend with all the saints what is the breadth and length and height and depth, and to know the love of Christ that surpasses knowledge, that you may be filled with all the fullness of God.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 7:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Since we have these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from every defilement of body and spirit, bringing holiness to completion in the fear of God.</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 1:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Him we proclaim, warning everyone and teaching everyone with all wisdom, that we may present everyone mature in Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Epaphras, who is one of you, a servant of Christ Jesus, greets you, always struggling on your behalf in his prayers, that you may stand mature and fully assured in all the will of God.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 12:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Strive for peace with everyone, and for the holiness without which no one will see the Lord.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 15 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>WSC 34 + WLC 74 — What is adoption?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/14</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 34.</span> What is adoption?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Adoption is an act of God's free grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> whereby we are received into the number, and have a right to all the privileges, of the sons of God.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 74.</span> What is adoption?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Adoption is an act of the free grace of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> in and for his only Son Jesus Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> whereby all those that are justified are received into the number of his children,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup> have his name put upon them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">6</sup> the Spirit of his Son given to them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">7</sup> are under his fatherly care and dispensations,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">8</sup> admitted to all the liberties and privileges of the sons of God, made heirs of all the promises, and fellow heirs with Christ in glory.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 3:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003001.01-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v62003001-1">3:1 </span>See what kind of love the Father has given to us, that we should be called children of God; and so we are. The reason why the world does not know us is that it did not know him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001012.01-1">But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God,</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008017.01-2">and if children, then heirs—heirs of God and fellow heirs with Christ, provided we suffer with him in order that we may also be glorified with him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 3:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003001.01-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v62003001-1">3:1 </span>See what kind of love the Father has given to us, that we should be called children of God; and so we are. The reason why the world does not know us is that it did not know him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001005.01-1">he predestined us for adoption as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will,</p> </div><h5>Galatians 4:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004004.01-2">But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law, to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive adoption as sons.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001012.01-1">But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God,</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008015.01-2">For you did not receive the spirit of slavery to fall back into fear, but you have received the Spirit of adoption as sons, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!” The Spirit himself bears witness with our spirit that we are children of God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Numbers 6:24-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p04006024.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> bless you and keep you;<br/>  the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> make his face to shine upon you and be gracious to you;<br/>  the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> lift up his countenance upon you and give you peace.</p> </div> <p id="p04006027.01-1">“So shall they put my name upon the people of Israel, and I will bless them.”</p> </div><h5>Amos 9:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p30009012.01-2">that they may possess the remnant of Edom<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all the nations who are called by my name,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> who does this.</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 6:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p47006018.01-3">and I will be a father to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you shall be sons and daughters to me,<br/> says the Lord Almighty.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Revelation 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66003012.01-4"><span class="woc">The one who conquers, I will make him a pillar in the temple of my God. Never shall he go out of it, and I will write on him the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God, the new Jerusalem, which comes down from my God out of heaven, and my own new name.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004006.01-1">And because you are sons, God has sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, “Abba! Father!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 103:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19103013.01-1">As a father shows compassion to his children,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shows compassion to those who fear him.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 14:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20014026.01-2">In the fear of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> one has strong confidence,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his children will have a refuge.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 6:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006032.01-3"><span class="woc">For the Gentiles seek after all these things, and your heavenly Father knows that you need them all.</span></p> </div><h5>Hebrews 12:5-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012005.01-4">And have you forgotten the exhortation that addresses you as sons?</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58012005.12-4">“My son, do not regard lightly the discipline of the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor be weary when reproved by him.<br/>  For the Lord disciplines the one he loves,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and chastises every son whom he receives.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p58012007.01-4">It is for discipline that you have to endure. God is treating you as sons. For what son is there whom his father does not discipline?</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 12:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012011.01-5">For the moment all discipline seems painful rather than pleasant, but later it yields the peaceful fruit of righteousness to those who have been trained by it.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 6:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006012.01-1">so that you may not be sluggish, but imitators of those who through faith and patience inherit the promises.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008017.01-2">and if children, then heirs—heirs of God and fellow heirs with Christ, provided we suffer with him in order that we may also be glorified with him.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 1:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p60001003.07-3">Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! According to his great mercy, he has caused us to be born again to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, to an inheritance that is imperishable, undefiled, and unfading, kept in heaven for you,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 14 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 12.1 — Of adoption, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/13</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 12: Of Adoption</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> All those that are justified, God vouchsafeth, in and for his only Son Jesus Christ, to make partakers of the grace of adoption,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> by which they are taken into the number, and enjoy the liberties and privileges of the children of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> have his name put upon them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> receive the Spirit of adoption,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> have access to the throne of grace with boldness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> are enabled to cry, Abba, Father,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> are pitied,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup> protected,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf8">8</sup> provided for,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf9">9</sup> and chastened by him, as by a father:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf10">10</sup> yet never cast off,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf11">11</sup> but sealed to the day of redemption;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf12">12</sup> and inherit the promises,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf13">13</sup> as heirs of everlasting salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf14">14</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>he predestined us for adoption to himself as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will,</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 4:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law, to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive adoption as sons.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and if children, then heirs—heirs of God and fellow heirs with Christ, provided we suffer with him in order that we may also be glorified with him.</p> </div> <h5>John 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Numbers 6:24-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> bless you and keep you;<br/> the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> make his face to shine upon you and be gracious to you;<br/> the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> lift up his countenance upon you and give you peace.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 14:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Why should you be like a man confused,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like a mighty warrior who cannot save?<br/> Yet you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, are in the midst of us,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and we are called by your name;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>do not leave us.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Amos 9:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">that they may possess the remnant of Edom<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all the nations who are called by my name,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> who does this.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Acts 15:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">that the remnant of mankind may seek the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all the Gentiles who are called by my name,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>says the Lord, who makes these things</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 6:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">and I will be a father to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you shall be sons and daughters to me,<br/> says the Lord Almighty.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Revelation 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">The one who conquers, I will make him a pillar in the temple of my God. Never shall he go out of it, and I will write on him the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God, the new Jerusalem, which comes down from my God out of heaven, and my own new name.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For you did not receive the spirit of slavery to fall back into fear, but you have received the Spirit of adoption as sons, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>in whom we have boldness and access with confidence through our faith in him.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let us then with confidence draw near to the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For you did not receive the spirit of slavery to fall back into fear, but you have received the Spirit of adoption as sons, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!”</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And because you are sons, God has sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, “Abba! Father!”</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The Spirit himself bears witness with our spirit that we are children of God,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 103:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19103013.01-1">As a father shows compassion to his children,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shows compassion to those who fear him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 14:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20014026.01-1">In the fear of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> one has strong confidence,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his children will have a refuge.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006030.01-1"><span class="woc">But if God so clothes the grass of the field, which today is alive and tomorrow is thrown into the oven, will he not much more clothe you, O you of little faith?</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 6:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006032.01-2"><span class="woc">For the Gentiles seek after all these things, and your heavenly Father knows that you need them all.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Peter 5:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60005007.01-3">casting all your anxieties on him, because he cares for you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 12:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58012006.01-1">For the Lord disciplines the one he loves,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and chastises every son whom he receives.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Lamentations 3:31-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">For the Lord will not<br/> <span class="indent"></span>cast off forever,<br/> for, though he cause grief, he will have compassion<br/> <span class="indent"></span>according to the abundance of his steadfast love;</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 89:30-35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">If his children forsake my law<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not walk according to my rules,<br/> if they violate my statutes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not keep my commandments,<br/> then I will punish their transgression with the rod<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their iniquity with stripes,<br/> but I will not remove from him my steadfast love<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or be false to my faithfulness.<br/> I will not violate my covenant<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or alter the word that went forth from my lips.<br/> Once for all I have sworn by my holiness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will not lie to David.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004030.01-1">And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 6:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006012.01-1">so that you may not be sluggish, but imitators of those who through faith and patience inherit the promises.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 1:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p60001003.07-1">Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! According to his great mercy, he has caused us to be born again to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, to an inheritance that is imperishable, undefiled, and unfading, kept in heaven for you,</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p58001014.01-2">Are they not all ministering spirits sent out to serve for the sake of those who are to inherit salvation?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 13 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 11.6 — Of justification, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/12</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 11: Of Justification</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> The justification of believers under the old testament was, in all these respects, one and the same with the justification of believers under the new testament.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So then, those who are of faith are blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us—for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree”—so that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promised Spirit through faith.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 4:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>just as David also speaks of the blessing of the one to whom God counts righteousness apart from works:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Blessed are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and whose sins are covered;<br/> blessed is the man against whom the Lord will not count his sin.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Romans 4:22-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>That is why his faith was “counted to him as righteousness.” But the words “it was counted to him” were not written for his sake alone, but for ours also. It will be counted to us who believe in him who raised from the dead Jesus our Lord,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 10:6-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the righteousness based on faith says, “Do not say in your heart, ‘Who will ascend into heaven?’” (that is, to bring Christ down) “or ‘Who will descend into the abyss?’” (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead). But what does it say? “The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart” (that is, the word of faith that we proclaim); because, if you confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved. For with the heart one believes and is justified, and with the mouth one confesses and is saved. For the Scripture says, “Everyone who believes in him will not be put to shame.” For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; for the same Lord is Lord of all, bestowing his riches on all who call on him. For “everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.”</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 13:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus Christ is the same yesterday and today and forever.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 12 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 11.5 — Of justification, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/11</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 11: Of Justification</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> God doth continue to forgive the sins of those that are justified;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and, although they can never fall from the state of justification,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> yet they may, by their sins, fall under God's fatherly displeasure, and not have the light of his countenance restored unto them, until they humble themselves, confess their sins, beg pardon, and renew their faith and repentance.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006012.01-1"><span class="woc">and forgive us our debts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as we also have forgiven our debtors.</span></p> </div> </div><h5>1 John 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62001007.01-2">But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from all sin.</p> </div><h5>1 John 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62001009.01-3">If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.</p> </div><h5>1 John 2:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p62002001.04-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v62002001-4">2:1 </span>My little children, I am writing these things to you so that you may not sin. But if anyone does sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous. He is the propitiation for our sins, and not for ours only but also for the sins of the whole world.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:1-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, since we have been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ. Through him we have also obtained access by faith into this grace in which we stand, and we rejoice in hope of the glory of God. Not only that, but we rejoice in our sufferings, knowing that suffering produces endurance, and endurance produces character, and character produces hope, and hope does not put us to shame, because God’s love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who has been given to us.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:30-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And those whom he predestined he also called, and those whom he called he also justified, and those whom he justified he also glorified.</p> <p>What then shall we say to these things? If God is for us, who can be against us? He who did not spare his own Son but gave him up for us all, how will he not also with him graciously give us all things? Who shall bring any charge against God’s elect? It is God who justifies. Who is to condemn? Christ Jesus is the one who died—more than that, who was raised—who is at the right hand of God, who indeed is interceding for us. Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or danger, or sword? As it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“For your sake we are being killed all the day long;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>we are regarded as sheep to be slaughtered.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">No, in all these things we are more than conquerors through him who loved us. For I am sure that neither death nor life, nor angels nor rulers, nor things present nor things to come, nor powers, nor height nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 10:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For by a single offering he has perfected for all time those who are being sanctified.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 22:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">but I have prayed for you that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned again, strengthen your brothers.”</span></p> </div> <h5>John 10:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">I give them eternal life, and they will never perish, and no one will snatch them out of my hand.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 89:30-33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">If his children forsake my law<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not walk according to my rules,<br/> if they violate my statutes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not keep my commandments,<br/> then I will punish their transgression with the rod<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their iniquity with stripes,<br/> but I will not remove from him my steadfast love<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or be false to my faithfulness.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 51</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Have mercy on me, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>according to your steadfast love;<br/> according to your abundant mercy<br/> <span class="indent"></span>blot out my transgressions.<br/> Wash me thoroughly from my iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and cleanse me from my sin!<br/> For I know my transgressions,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my sin is ever before me.<br/> Against you, you only, have I sinned<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and done what is evil in your sight,<br/> so that you may be justified in your words<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and blameless in your judgment.<br/> Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and in sin did my mother conceive me.<br/> Behold, you delight in truth in the inward being,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you teach me wisdom in the secret heart.<br/> Purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow.<br/> Let me hear joy and gladness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let the bones that you have broken rejoice.<br/> Hide your face from my sins,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and blot out all my iniquities.<br/> Create in me a clean heart, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and renew a right spirit within me.<br/> Cast me not away from your presence,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and take not your Holy Spirit from me.<br/> Restore to me the joy of your salvation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and uphold me with a willing spirit.<br/> Then I will teach transgressors your ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and sinners will return to you.<br/> Deliver me from bloodguiltiness, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O God of my salvation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my tongue will sing aloud of your righteousness.<br/> O Lord, open my lips,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my mouth will declare your praise.<br/> For you will not delight in sacrifice, or I would give it;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you will not be pleased with a burnt offering.<br/> The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a broken and contrite heart, O God, you will not despise.<br/> Do good to Zion in your good pleasure;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>build up the walls of Jerusalem;<br/> then will you delight in right sacrifices,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in burnt offerings and whole burnt offerings;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>then bulls will be offered on your altar.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 32:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I acknowledged my sin to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I did not cover my iniquity;<br/> I said, “I will confess my transgressions to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you forgave the iniquity of my sin. Selah</p> </div> </div> <h5>Matthew 26:75</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Peter remembered the saying of Jesus, <span class="woc">“Before the rooster crows, you will deny me three times.”</span> And he went out and wept bitterly.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 1:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And behold, you will be silent and unable to speak until the day that these things take place, because you did not believe my words, which will be fulfilled in their time.”</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 11:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>That is why many of you are weak and ill, and some have died.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 11:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But when we are judged by the Lord, we are disciplined so that we may not be condemned along with the world.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 11 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 11.4 — Of justification, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/10</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 11: Of Justification</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> God did, from all eternity, decree to justify all the elect,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and Christ did, in the fullness of time, die for their sins, and rise again for their justification:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> nevertheless, they are not justified, until the Holy Spirit doth, in due time, actually apply Christ unto them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:29-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among many brothers. And those whom he predestined he also called, and those whom he called he also justified, and those whom he justified he also glorified.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the Scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, preached the gospel beforehand to Abraham, saying, “In you shall all the nations be blessed.”</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, in the sanctification of the Spirit, for obedience to Jesus Christ and for sprinkling with his blood:</p> <p>May grace and peace be multiplied to you.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 1:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but with the precious blood of Christ, like that of a lamb without blemish or spot. He was foreknown before the foundation of the world but was made manifest in the last times for the sake of you</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004004.01-1">But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law,</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 2:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54002006.01-2">who gave himself as a ransom for all, which is the testimony given at the proper time.</p> </div><h5>Romans 4:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004025.01-3">who was delivered up for our trespasses and raised for our justification.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the flesh and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.</p> </div> <h5>Titus 3:3-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we ourselves were once foolish, disobedient, led astray, slaves to various passions and pleasures, passing our days in malice and envy, hated by others and hating one another. But when the goodness and loving kindness of God our Savior appeared, he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit, whom he poured out on us richly through Jesus Christ our Savior, so that being justified by his grace we might become heirs according to the hope of eternal life.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 2:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">yet we know that a person is not justified by works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ, so we also have believed in Christ Jesus, in order to be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law, because by works of the law no one will be justified.</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 1:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And you, who once were alienated and hostile in mind, doing evil deeds, he has now reconciled in his body of flesh by his death, in order to present you holy and blameless and above reproach before him,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 10 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 71 — How is justification an act of God's free grace?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/09</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 71.</span> How is justification an act of God's free grace?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Although Christ, by his obedience and death, did make a proper, real, and full satisfaction to God's justice in the behalf of them that are justified;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> yet inasmuch as God accepteth the satisfaction from a surety, which he might have demanded of them, and did provide this surety, his own only Son,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> imputing his righteousness to them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and requiring nothing of them for their justification but faith,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> which also is his gift,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> their justification is to them of free grace.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005008.01-1">but God shows his love for us in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us. Since, therefore, we have now been justified by his blood, much more shall we be saved by him from the wrath of God. For if while we were enemies we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more, now that we are reconciled, shall we be saved by his life.</p> </div><h5>Romans 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005019.01-2">For as by the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man's obedience the many will be made righteous.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 2:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54002005.01-1">For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus, who gave himself as a ransom for all, which is the testimony given at the proper time.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 10:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010010.01-2">And by that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 20:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40020028.01-3"><span class="woc">even as the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”</span></p> </div><h5>Daniel 9:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p27009024.04-4">“Seventy weeks are decreed about your people and your holy city, to finish the transgression, to put an end to sin, and to atone for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal both vision and prophet, and to anoint a most holy place.</p> </div><h5>Daniel 9:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27009026.01-5">And after the sixty-two weeks, an anointed one shall be cut off and shall have nothing. And the people of the prince who is to come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary. Its end shall come with a flood, and to the end there shall be war. Desolations are decreed.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 53:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23053004.01-6">Surely he has borne our griefs<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and carried our sorrows;<br/> yet we esteemed him stricken,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>smitten by God, and afflicted.<br/>  But he was wounded for our transgressions;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he was crushed for our iniquities;<br/> upon him was the chastisement that brought us peace,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with his stripes we are healed.<br/>  All we like sheep have gone astray;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>we have turned—every one—to his own way;<br/> and the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has laid on him<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the iniquity of us all.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 53:10-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23053010.01-7">Yet it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to crush him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has put him to grief;<br/> when his soul makes an offering for guilt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days;<br/> the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall prosper in his hand.<br/>  Out of the anguish of his soul he shall see and be satisfied;<br/> by his knowledge shall the righteous one, my servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>make many to be accounted righteous,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall bear their iniquities.<br/>  Therefore I will divide him a portion with the many,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall divide the spoil with the strong,<br/> because he poured out his soul to death<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and was numbered with the transgressors;<br/> yet he bore the sin of many,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes intercession for the transgressors.</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 7:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p58007022.01-8">This makes Jesus the guarantor of a better covenant.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008032.01-9">He who did not spare his own Son but gave him up for us all, how will he not also with him graciously give us all things?</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 1:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001018.01-10">knowing that you were ransomed from the futile ways inherited from your forefathers, not with perishable things such as silver or gold, but with the precious blood of Christ, like that of a lamb without blemish or spot.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 5:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005021.01-1">For our sake he made him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.</p> </div><h5>Romans 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004006.01-2">just as David also speaks of the blessing of the one to whom God counts righteousness apart from works:</p> </div><h5>Romans 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004011.01-3">He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003024.01-1">and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God's righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002008.01-1">For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001007.01-1">In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace,</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003024.01-2">and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God's righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 09 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 11.3 — Of justification, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/08</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 11: Of Justification</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> Christ, by his obedience and death, did fully discharge the debt of all those that are thus justified, and did make a proper, real, and full satisfaction to his Father's justice in their behalf.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> Yet, inasmuch as he was given by the Father for them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and his obedience and satisfaction accepted in their stead;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and both, freely, not for anything in them; their justification is only of free grace;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> that both the exact justice and rich grace of God might be glorified in the justification of sinners.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 10:45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">For even the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 5:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but God shows his love for us in that while we were still sinners, Christ died for us. Since, therefore, we have now been justified by his blood, much more shall we be saved by him from the wrath of God. For if while we were enemies we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more, now that we are reconciled, shall we be saved by his life.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 5:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men. For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us—for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree”—</p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 2:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus, who gave himself as a ransom for all, which is the testimony given at the proper time.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his power. After making purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 10:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">And by that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 10:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For by a single offering he has perfected for all time those who are being sanctified.</p> </div> <h5>Daniel 9:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Seventy weeks are decreed about your people and your holy city, to finish the transgression, to put an end to sin, and to atone for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal both vision and prophet, and to anoint a most holy place.</p> </div> <h5>Daniel 9:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And after the sixty-two weeks, an anointed one shall be cut off and shall have nothing. And the people of the prince who is to come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary. Its end shall come with a flood, and to the end there shall be war. Desolations are decreed.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 52:13-53:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Behold, my servant shall act wisely;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall be high and lifted up,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shall be exalted.<br/> As many were astonished at you—<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his appearance was so marred, beyond human semblance,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his form beyond that of the children of mankind—<br/> so shall he sprinkle many nations.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Kings shall shut their mouths because of him,<br/> for that which has not been told them they see,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and that which they have not heard they understand.<br/> Who has believed what he has heard from us?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>And to whom has the arm of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> been revealed?<br/> For he grew up before him like a young plant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and like a root out of dry ground;<br/> he had no form or majesty that we should look at him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and no beauty that we should desire him.<br/> He was despised and rejected by men,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a man of sorrows and acquainted with grief;<br/> and as one from whom men hide their faces<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he was despised, and we esteemed him not.<br/> Surely he has borne our griefs<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and carried our sorrows;<br/> yet we esteemed him stricken,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>smitten by God, and afflicted.<br/> But he was pierced for our transgressions;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he was crushed for our iniquities;<br/> upon him was the chastisement that brought us peace,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with his wounds we are healed.<br/> All we like sheep have gone astray;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>we have turned—every one—to his own way;<br/> and the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has laid on him<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the iniquity of us all.<br/> He was oppressed, and he was afflicted,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>yet he opened not his mouth;<br/> like a lamb that is led to the slaughter,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and like a sheep that before its shearers is silent,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so he opened not his mouth.<br/> By oppression and judgment he was taken away;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and as for his generation, who considered<br/> that he was cut off out of the land of the living,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>stricken for the transgression of my people?<br/> And they made his grave with the wicked<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with a rich man in his death,<br/> although he had done no violence,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and there was no deceit in his mouth.<br/> Yet it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to crush him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has put him to grief;<br/> when his soul makes an offering for guilt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days;<br/> the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall prosper in his hand.<br/> Out of the anguish of his soul he shall see and be satisfied;<br/> by his knowledge shall the righteous one, my servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>make many to be accounted righteous,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall bear their iniquities.<br/> Therefore I will divide him a portion with the many,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall divide the spoil with the strong,<br/> because he poured out his soul to death<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and was numbered with the transgressors;<br/> yet he bore the sin of many,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes intercession for the transgressors.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He who did not spare his own Son but gave him up for us all, how will he not also with him graciously give us all things?</p> </div> <h5>John 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 5:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For our sake he made him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 5:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And walk in love, as Christ loved us and gave himself up for us, a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God.</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 2:6-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who, though he was in the form of God, did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped, but emptied himself, by taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men. And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross. Therefore God has highly exalted him and bestowed on him the name that is above every name,</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 53:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Yet it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to crush him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has put him to grief;<br/> when his soul makes an offering for guilt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days;<br/> the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall prosper in his hand.<br/> Out of the anguish of his soul he shall see and be satisfied;<br/> by his knowledge shall the righteous one, my servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>make many to be accounted righteous,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall bear their iniquities.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus,</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>It was to show his righteousness at the present time, so that he might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>so that in the coming ages he might show the immeasurable riches of his grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus.</p> </div> <h5>Zechariah 9:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Shout aloud, O daughter of Jerusalem!<br/> Behold, your king is coming to you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>righteous and having salvation is he,<br/> humble and mounted on a donkey,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on a colt, the foal of a donkey.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 45:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Declare and present your case;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let them take counsel together!<br/> Who told this long ago?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who declared it of old?<br/> Was it not I, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>And there is no other god besides me,<br/> a righteous God and a Savior;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>there is none besides me.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 08 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 11.2 — Of justification, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/07</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 11: Of Justification</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> Faith, thus receiving and resting on Christ and his righteousness, is the alone instrument of justification:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet is it not alone in the person justified, but is ever accompanied with all other saving graces, and is no dead faith, but worketh by love.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 3:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Whoever believes in him is not condemned, but whoever does not believe is condemned already, because he has not believed in the name of the only Son of God.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 3:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life; whoever does not obey the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God remains on him.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we hold that one is justified by faith apart from works of the law.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, since we have been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002017.01-1">So also faith by itself, if it does not have works, is dead.</p> </div><h5>James 2:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002022.01-2">You see that faith was active along with his works, and faith was completed by his works;</p> </div><h5>James 2:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002026.01-3">For as the body apart from the spirit is dead, so also faith apart from works is dead.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 5:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005006.01-4">For in Christ Jesus neither circumcision nor uncircumcision counts for anything, but only faith working through love.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 07 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 33 + WLC 70 — What is justification?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/06</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 33.</span> What is justification?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Justification is an act of God's free grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> wherein he pardoneth all our sins,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> and accepteth us as righteous in his sight,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> only for the righteousness of Christ imputed to us,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup> and received by faith alone.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc5">5</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 70.</span> What is justification?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Justification is an act of God's free grace unto sinners,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">6</sup> in which he pardoneth all their sins, accepteth and accounteth their persons righteous in his sight;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">7</sup> not for anything wrought in them, or done by them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">8</sup> but only for the perfect obedience and full satisfaction of Christ, by God imputed to them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">9</sup> and received by faith alone.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">10</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003024.01-1">and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004006.01-1">just as David also speaks of the blessing of the one to whom God counts righteousness apart from works:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45004007.01-1">“Blessed are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and whose sins are covered;<br/>  blessed is the man against whom the Lord will not count his sin.”</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005019.01-2">that is, in Christ God was reconciling the world to himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and entrusting to us the message of reconciliation.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 5:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005021.01-1">For our sake he made him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004006.01-1">just as David also speaks of the blessing of the one to whom God counts righteousness apart from works:</p> </div><h5>Romans 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004011.01-2">He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well,</p> </div><h5>Romans 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005019.01-3">For as by the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man's obedience the many will be made righteous.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 2:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48002016.01-1">yet we know that a person is not justified by works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ, so we also have believed in Christ Jesus, in order to be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law, because by works of the law no one will be justified.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50003009.01-2">and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own that comes from the law, but that which comes through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith—  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003022.01-1">the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all who believe. For there is no distinction:</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003024.01-2">and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God's righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins.</p> </div><h5>Romans 4:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004005.01-3">And to the one who does not work but believes in him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is counted as righteousness,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 23:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24023006.01-1">In his days Judah will be saved, and Israel will dwell securely. And this is the name by which he will be called: ‘The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is our righteousness.’</p> </div><h5>Romans 4:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004006.01-2">just as David also speaks of the blessing of the one to whom God counts righteousness apart from works:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45004007.01-2">“Blessed are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and whose sins are covered;<br/>  blessed is the man against whom the Lord will not count his sin.”</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005019.01-3">that is, in Christ God was reconciling the world to himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and entrusting to us the message of reconciliation.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 5:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005021.01-4">For our sake he made him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003022.01-5">the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all who believe. For there is no distinction:</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003024.01-6">and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God's righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins.</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003027.01-7">Then what becomes of our boasting? It is excluded. By what kind of law? By a law of works? No, but by the law of faith. For we hold that one is justified by faith apart from works of the law.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003005.01-1">he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,</p> </div><h5>Titus 3:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003007.01-2">so that being justified by his grace we might become heirs according to the hope of eternal life.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001007.01-3">In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004006.01-1">just as David also speaks of the blessing of the one to whom God counts righteousness apart from works:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45004007.01-1">“Blessed are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and whose sins are covered;<br/>  blessed is the man against whom the Lord will not count his sin.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004011.01-2">He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well,</p> </div><h5>Romans 5:17-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005017.01-3">For if, because of one man's trespass, death reigned through that one man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.</p> <p id="p45005018.01-3">Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men. For as by the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man's obedience the many will be made righteous.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 10:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44010043.01-1">To him all the prophets bear witness that everyone who believes in him receives forgiveness of sins through his name.”</p> </div><h5>Galatians 2:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48002016.01-2">yet we know that a person is not justified by works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ, so we also have believed in Christ Jesus, in order to be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law, because by works of the law no one will be justified.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50003009.01-3">and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own that comes from the law, but that which comes through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith—  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 06 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 11.1 — Of justification, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/05</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 11: Of Justification</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> Those whom God effectually calleth, he also freely justifieth:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> not by infusing righteousness into them, but by pardoning their sins, and by accounting and accepting their persons as righteous; not for anything wrought in them, or done by them, but for Christ's sake alone; nor by imputing faith itself, the act of believing, or any other evangelical obedience to them, as their righteousness; but by imputing the obedience and satisfaction of Christ unto them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> they receiving and resting on him and his righteousness, by faith; which faith they have not of themselves, it is the gift of God.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And those whom he predestined he also called, and those whom he called he also justified, and those whom he justified he also glorified.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 5:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for many. And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses brought justification.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:5-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And to the one who does not work but believes in him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is counted as righteousness, just as David also speaks of the blessing of the one to whom God counts righteousness apart from works:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Blessed are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and whose sins are covered;<br/> blessed is the man against whom the Lord will not count his sin.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that is, in Christ God was reconciling the world to himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and entrusting to us the message of reconciliation.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 5:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For our sake he made him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:22-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all who believe. For there is no distinction: for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God, and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God’s righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins. It was to show his righteousness at the present time, so that he might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.</p> <p>Then what becomes of our boasting? It is excluded. By what kind of law? By a law of works? No, but by the law of faith. For we hold that one is justified by faith apart from works of the law.</p> </div> <h5>Titus 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,</p> </div> <h5>Titus 3:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>so that being justified by his grace we might become heirs according to the hope of eternal life.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace,</p> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 23:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In his days Judah will be saved, and Israel will dwell securely. And this is the name by which he will be called: ‘The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is our righteousness.’</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 1:30-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And because of him you are in Christ Jesus, who became to us wisdom from God, righteousness and sanctification and redemption, so that, as it is written, “Let the one who boasts, boast in the Lord.”</p> </div> <h5>Romans 5:17-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.</p> <p>Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men. For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God,</p> </div> <h5>Acts 10:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>To him all the prophets bear witness that everyone who believes in him receives forgiveness of sins through his name.”</p> </div> <h5>Acts 13:38-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">Let it be known to you therefore, brothers, that through this man forgiveness of sins is proclaimed to you, and by him everyone who believes is freed from everything from which you could not be freed by the law of Moses.</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own that comes from the law, but that which comes through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith—</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>so that in the coming ages he might show the immeasurable riches of his grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus. For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God,</p> </div> <h5>John 6:44-45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him. And I will raise him up on the last day.</span> <span class="woc">It is written in the Prophets, ‘And they will all be taught by God.’ Everyone who has heard and learned from the Father comes to me—</span></p> </div> <h5>John 6:65</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he said, <span class="woc">“This is why I told you that no one can come to me unless it is granted him by the Father.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Philippians 1:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For it has been granted to you that for the sake of Christ you should not only believe in him but also suffer for his sake,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 05 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 32 — What benefits do they that are effectually called partake of in this life?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/04</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 32.</span> What benefits do they that are effectually called partake of in this life?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> They that are effectually called do in this life partake of justification, adoption, and sanctification, and the several benefits which in this life do either accompany or flow from them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008030.01-1">And those whom he predestined he also called, and those whom he called he also justified, and those whom he justified he also glorified.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 1:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46001030.01-2">And because of him you are in Christ Jesus, who became to us wisdom from God, righteousness and sanctification and redemption,</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 6:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46006011.01-3">And such were some of you. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001005.01-4">he predestined us for adoption as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 04 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 60 — Can they who have never heard the gospel be saved?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/03</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 60.</span> Can they who have never heard the gospel, and so know not Jesus Christ, nor believe in him, be saved by their living according to the light of nature?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> They who, having never heard the gospel,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> know not Jesus Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and believe not in him, cannot be saved,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> be they never so diligent to frame their lives according to the light of nature,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> or the laws of that religion which they profess;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> neither is there salvation in any other, but in Christ alone,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> who is the Savior only of his body the church.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 10:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010014.01-1">How then will they call on him in whom they have not believed? And how are they to believe in him of whom they have never heard? And how are they to hear without someone preaching?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Thessalonians 1:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53001008.01-1">in flaming fire, inflicting vengeance on those who do not know God and on those who do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus. They will suffer the punishment of eternal destruction, away from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of his might,</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002012.01-2">remember that you were at that time separated from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers to the covenants of promise, having no hope and without God in the world.</p> </div><h5>John 1:10-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001010.01-3">He was in the world, and the world was made through him, yet the world did not know him. He came to his own, and his own people did not receive him. But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 8:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43008024.01-1"><span class="woc">I told you that you would die in your sins, for unless you believe that I am he you will die in your sins.”</span></p> </div><h5>John 3:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003018.01-2"><span class="woc">Whoever believes in him is not condemned, but whoever does not believe is condemned already, because he has not believed in the name of the only Son of God.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 1:20-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p46001020.01-1">Where is the one who is wise? Where is the scribe? Where is the debater of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world? For since, in the wisdom of God, the world did not know God through wisdom, it pleased God through the folly of what we preach to save those who believe. For Jews demand signs and Greeks seek wisdom, but we preach Christ crucified, a stumbling block to Jews and folly to Gentiles, but to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 4:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43004022.01-1"><span class="woc">You worship what you do not know; we worship what we know, for salvation is from the Jews.</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 9:31-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009031.01-2">but that Israel who pursued a law that would lead to righteousness did not succeed in reaching that law. Why? Because they did not pursue it by faith, but as if it were based on works. They have stumbled over the stumbling stone,</p> </div><h5>Philippians 3:4-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50003004.01-3">though I myself have reason for confidence in the flesh also. If anyone else thinks he has reason for confidence in the flesh, I have more: circumcised on the eighth day, of the people of Israel, of the tribe of Benjamin, a Hebrew of Hebrews; as to the law, a Pharisee; as to zeal, a persecutor of the church; as to righteousness under the law, blameless. But whatever gain I had, I counted as loss for the sake of Christ. Indeed, I count everything as loss because of the surpassing worth of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord. For his sake I have suffered the loss of all things and count them as rubbish, in order that I may gain Christ and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own that comes from the law, but that which comes through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith—  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44004012.01-1">And there is salvation in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given among men by which we must be saved.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005023.01-1">For the husband is the head of the wife even as Christ is the head of the church, his body, and is himself its Savior.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 03 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 10.4 — Of effectual calling, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/02</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 10: Of Effectual Calling</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> Others, not elected, although they may be called by the ministry of the Word,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and may have some common operations of the Spirit,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> yet they never truly come unto Christ, and therefore cannot be saved:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> much less can men, not professing the Christian religion, be saved in any other way whatsoever, be they never so diligent to frame their lives according to the light of nature, and the laws of that religion they do profess.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> And, to assert and maintain that they may, is very pernicious, and to be detested.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 13:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Indeed, in their case the prophecy of Isaiah is fulfilled that says:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">“‘“You will indeed hear but never understand,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">and you will indeed see but never perceive.”</span><br/> <span class="woc">For this people’s heart has grown dull,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">and with their ears they can barely hear,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">and their eyes they have closed,</span><br/> <span class="woc">lest they should see with their eyes</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">and hear with their ears</span><br/> <span class="woc">and understand with their heart</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">and turn, and I would heal them.’</span></p> </div> </div> <h5>Acts 28:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And some were convinced by what he said, but others disbelieved.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 13:48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when the Gentiles heard this, they began rejoicing and glorifying the word of the Lord, and as many as were appointed to eternal life believed.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 22:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">For many are called, but few are chosen.”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 13:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40013020.01-2"><span class="woc">As for what was sown on rocky ground, this is the one who hears the word and immediately receives it with joy,</span> <span class="woc">yet he has no root in himself, but endures for a while, and when tribulation or persecution arises on account of the word, immediately he falls away.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 7:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40007022.01-1"><span class="woc">On that day many will say to me, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name, and cast out demons in your name, and do many mighty works in your name?’</span></p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 6:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006004.01-3">For it is impossible, in the case of those who have once been enlightened, who have tasted the heavenly gift, and have shared in the Holy Spirit, and have tasted the goodness of the word of God and the powers of the age to come,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 6:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">All that the Father gives me will come to me, and whoever comes to me I will never cast out.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 6:64-66</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But there are some of you who do not believe.”</span> (For Jesus knew from the beginning who those were who did not believe, and who it was who would betray him.) And he said, <span class="woc">“This is why I told you that no one can come to me unless it is granted him by the Father.”</span></p> <p>After this many of his disciples turned back and no longer walked with him.</p> </div> <h5>John 8:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">You are of your father the devil, and your will is to do your father’s desires. He was a murderer from the beginning, and does not stand in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he lies, he speaks out of his own character, for he is a liar and the father of lies.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 13:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">I am not speaking of all of you; I know whom I have chosen. But the Scripture will be fulfilled, ‘He who ate my bread has lifted his heel against me.’</span></p> </div> <h5>John 17:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">While I was with them, I kept them in your name, which you have given me. I have guarded them, and not one of them has been lost except the son of destruction, that the Scripture might be fulfilled.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And there is salvation in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given among men by which we must be saved.”</p> </div> <h5>1 John 4:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>By this you know the Spirit of God: every spirit that confesses that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh is from God, and every spirit that does not confess Jesus is not from God. This is the spirit of the antichrist, which you heard was coming and now is in the world already.</p> </div> <h5>2 John 9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Everyone who goes on ahead and does not abide in the teaching of Christ, does not have God. Whoever abides in the teaching has both the Father and the Son.</p> </div> <h5>John 14:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.</span></p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>remember that you were at that time separated from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers to the covenants of promise, having no hope and without God in the world. But now in Christ Jesus you who once were far off have been brought near by the blood of Christ.</p> </div> <h5>John 4:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">You worship what you do not know; we worship what we know, for salvation is from the Jews.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 17:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And this is eternal life, that they know you, the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom you have sent.</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 10:13-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For “everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.”</p> <p>How then will they call on him in whom they have not believed? And how are they to believe in him of whom they have never heard? And how are they to hear without someone preaching? And how are they to preach unless they are sent? As it is written, “How beautiful are the feet of those who preach the good news!” But they have not all obeyed the gospel. For Isaiah says, “Lord, who has believed what he has heard from us?” So faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 John 9-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Everyone who goes on ahead and does not abide in the teaching of Christ, does not have God. Whoever abides in the teaching has both the Father and the Son. If anyone comes to you and does not bring this teaching, do not receive him into your house or give him any greeting, for whoever greets him takes part in his wicked works.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 16:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If anyone has no love for the Lord, let him be accursed. Our Lord, come!</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 1:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I am astonished that you are so quickly deserting him who called you in the grace of Christ and are turning to a different gospel—not that there is another one, but there are some who trouble you and want to distort the gospel of Christ. But even if we or an angel from heaven should preach to you a gospel contrary to the one we preached to you, let him be accursed.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 02 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 10.3 — Of effectual calling, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/05/01</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 10: Of Effectual Calling</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> Elect infants, dying in infancy, are regenerated, and saved by Christ, through the Spirit,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> who worketh when, and where, and how he pleaseth:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> so also are all other elect persons who are incapable of being outwardly called by the ministry of the Word.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 17:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 18:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now they were bringing even infants to him that he might touch them. And when the disciples saw it, they rebuked them. But Jesus called them to him, saying, <span class="woc">“Let the children come to me, and do not hinder them, for to such belongs the kingdom of God.</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.”</p> </div> <h5>John 3:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus answered him, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born again he cannot see the kingdom of God.”</span></p> </div> <h5>John 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God.</span></p> </div> <h5>1 John 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Whoever has the Son has life; whoever does not have the Son of God does not have life.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 1:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>for he will be great before the Lord. And he must not drink wine or strong drink, and he will be filled with the Holy Spirit, even from his mother’s womb.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 3:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003008.01-1"><span class="woc">The wind blows where it wishes, and you hear its sound, but you do not know where it comes from or where it goes. So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 16:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Nevertheless, I tell you the truth: it is to your advantage that I go away, for if I do not go away, the Helper will not come to you. But if I go, I will send him to you.</span> <span class="woc">And when he comes, he will convict the world concerning sin and righteousness and judgment:</span></p> </div> <h5>1 John 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Whoever has the Son has life; whoever does not have the Son of God does not have life.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And there is salvation in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given among men by which we must be saved.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 10.2 — Of effectual calling, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/30</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 10: Of Effectual Calling</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> This effectual call is of God's free and special grace alone, not from anything at all foreseen in man,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> who is altogether passive therein, until, being quickened and renewed by the Holy Spirit,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> he is thereby enabled to answer this call, and to embrace the grace offered and conveyed in it.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who saved us and called us to a holy calling, not because of our works but because of his own purpose and grace, which he gave us in Christ Jesus before the ages began,</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works, so that no one may boast.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 9:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>though they were not yet born and had done nothing either good or bad—in order that God’s purpose of election might continue, not because of works but because of him who calls—</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The natural person does not accept the things of the Spirit of God, for they are folly to him, and he is not able to understand them because they are spiritually discerned.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God, for it does not submit to God’s law; indeed, it cannot. Those who are in the flesh cannot please God.</p> <p>You, however, are not in the flesh but in the Spirit, if in fact the Spirit of God dwells in you. Anyone who does not have the Spirit of Christ does not belong to him.</p> </div> <h5>Titus 3:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But when the goodness and loving kindness of God our Savior appeared, he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 6:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">All that the Father gives me will come to me, and whoever comes to me I will never cast out.</span></p> </div> <h5>Ezekiel 36:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Everyone who believes that Jesus is the Christ has been born of God, and everyone who loves the Father loves whoever has been born of him.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>No one born of God makes a practice of sinning, for God’s seed abides in him; and he cannot keep on sinning, because he has been born of God.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 68 — Are the elect only effectually called?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/29</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 68.</span> Are the elect only effectually called?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> All the elect, and they only, are effectually called;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> although others may be, and often are, outwardly called by the ministry of the Word,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and have some common operations of the Spirit;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> who, for their willful neglect and contempt of the grace offered to them, being justly left in their unbelief, do never truly come to Jesus Christ.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 13:48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44013048.01-1">And when the Gentiles heard this, they began rejoicing and glorifying the word of the Lord, and as many as were appointed to eternal life believed.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 22:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40022014.01-1"><span class="woc">For many are called, but few are chosen.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 8:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008013.01-2">Even Simon himself believed, and after being baptized he continued with Philip. And seeing signs and great miracles performed, he was amazed.</p> </div><h5>Acts 8:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008020.01-3">But Peter said to him, “May your silver perish with you, because you thought you could obtain the gift of God with money! You have neither part nor lot in this matter, for your heart is not right before God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 7:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40007022.01-1"><span class="woc">On that day many will say to me, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in your name, and cast out demons in your name, and do many mighty works in your name?’</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 13:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40013020.01-2"><span class="woc">As for what was sown on rocky ground, this is the one who hears the word and immediately receives it with joy,</span> <span class="woc">yet he has no root in himself, but endures for a while, and when tribulation or persecution arises on account of the word, immediately he falls away.</span></p> </div><h5>Hebrews 6:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006004.01-3">For it is impossible, in the case of those who have once been enlightened, who have tasted the heavenly gift, and have shared in the Holy Spirit, and have tasted the goodness of the word of God and the powers of the age to come, and then have fallen away, to restore them again to repentance, since they are crucifying once again the Son of God to their own harm and holding him up to contempt.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 12:38-40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43012038.01-1">so that the word spoken by the prophet Isaiah might be fulfilled:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p43012038.13-1">“Lord, who has believed what he heard from us,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p43012039.01-1">Therefore they could not believe. For again Isaiah said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p43012040.01-1">“He has blinded their eyes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and hardened their heart,<br/> lest they see with their eyes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and understand with their heart, and turn,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I would heal them.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 28:25-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44028025.01-2">And disagreeing among themselves, they departed after Paul had made one statement: “The Holy Spirit was right in saying to your fathers through Isaiah the prophet:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44028026.01-2">“‘Go to this people, and say,<br/> You will indeed hear but never understand,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you will indeed see but never perceive.<br/>  For this people's heart has grown dull,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with their ears they can barely hear,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their eyes they have closed;<br/> lest they should see with their eyes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and hear with their ears<br/> and understand with their heart<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and turn, and I would heal them.’</p> </div> </div><h5>John 6:64-65</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006064.01-3"><span class="woc">But there are some of you who do not believe.”</span> (For Jesus knew from the beginning who those were who did not believe, and who it was who would betray him.) And he said, <span class="woc">“This is why I told you that no one can come to me unless it is granted him by the Father.”</span></p> </div><h5>Psalm 81:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19081011.01-4">“But my people did not listen to my voice;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Israel would not submit to me.<br/>  So I gave them over to their stubborn hearts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to follow their own counsels.</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 10:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010029.01-5">How much worse punishment, do you think, will be deserved by the one who has spurned the Son of God, and has profaned the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified, and has outraged the Spirit of grace?</p> </div><h5>1 John 2:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62002019.01-6">They went out from us, but they were not of us; for if they had been of us, they would have continued with us. But they went out, that it might become plain that they all are not of us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 31 + WLC 67 — What is effectual calling?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/28</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 31.</span> What is effectual calling?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Effectual calling is the work of God's Spirit, whereby, convincing us of our sin and misery, enlightening our minds in the knowledge of Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and renewing our wills,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> he doth persuade and enable us to embrace Jesus Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> freely offered to us in the gospel.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 67.</span> What is effectual calling?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Effectual calling is the work of God's almighty power and grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">5</sup> whereby (out of his free and special love to his elect, and from nothing in them moving him thereunto<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">6</sup>) he doth, in his accepted time, invite and draw them to Jesus Christ, by his Word and Spirit;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">7</sup> savingly enlightening their minds,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">8</sup> renewing and powerfully determining their wills,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">9</sup> so as they (although in themselves dead in sin) are hereby made willing and able freely to answer his call, and to accept and embrace the grace offered and conveyed therein.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">10</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 26:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44026018.01-1"><span class="woc">to open their eyes, so that they may turn from darkness to light and from the power of Satan to God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a place among those who are sanctified by faith in me.’</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p46002010.01-2">these things God has revealed to us through the Spirit. For the Spirit searches everything, even the depths of God.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46002012.01-3">Now we have received not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, that we might understand the things freely given us by God.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47004006.01-4">For God, who said, “Let light shine out of darkness,” has shone in our hearts to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001017.01-5">that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give you a spirit of wisdom and of revelation in the knowledge of him, having the eyes of your hearts enlightened, that you may know what is the hope to which he has called you, what are the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 30:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05030006.01-1">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God will circumcise your heart and the heart of your offspring, so that you will love the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with all your heart and with all your soul, that you may live.</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 36:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26036026.01-2">And I will give you a new heart, and a new spirit I will put within you. And I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh. And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules.</p> </div><h5>John 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003005.01-3">Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God.</span></p> </div><h5>Titus 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003005.01-4">he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 6:44-45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006044.01-1"><span class="woc">No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him. And I will raise him up on the last day.</span> <span class="woc">It is written in the Prophets, ‘And they will all be taught by God.’ Everyone who has heard and learned from the Father comes to me—</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 16:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44016014.01-2">One who heard us was a woman named Lydia, from the city of Thyatira, a seller of purple goods, who was a worshiper of God. The Lord opened her heart to pay attention to what was said by Paul.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 45:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23045022.01-1">“Turn to me and be saved,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all the ends of the earth!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>For I am God, and there is no other.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 11:28-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40011028.01-2"><span class="woc">Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.</span> <span class="woc">Take my yoke upon you, and learn from me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.</span> <span class="woc">For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light.”</span></p> </div><h5>Revelation 22:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66022017.01-3">The Spirit and the Bride say, “Come.” And let the one who hears say, “Come.” And let the one who is thirsty come; let the one who desires take the water of life without price.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 37:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26037009.01-1">Then he said to me, “Prophesy to the breath; prophesy, son of man, and say to the breath, Thus says the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>: Come from the four winds, O breath, and breathe on these slain, that they may live.”</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 37:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26037014.01-2">And I will put my Spirit within you, and you shall live, and I will place you in your own land. Then you shall know that I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; I have spoken, and I will do it, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.”</p> </div><h5>John 5:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43005025.01-3"><span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, an hour is coming, and is now here, when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live.</span></p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:18-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001018.01-4">having the eyes of your hearts enlightened, that you may know what is the hope to which he has called you, what are the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints, and what is the immeasurable greatness of his power toward us who believe, according to the working of his great might that he worked in Christ when he raised him from the dead and seated him at his right hand in the heavenly places,</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 1:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55001008.01-5">Therefore do not be ashamed of the testimony about our Lord, nor of me his prisoner, but share in suffering for the gospel by the power of God, who saved us and called us to a holy calling, not because of our works but because of his own purpose and grace, which he gave us in Christ Jesus before the ages began,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 3:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003004.01-1">But when the goodness and loving kindness of God our Savior appeared, he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002004.01-2">But God, being rich in mercy, because of the great love with which he loved us, even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved—</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002007.01-3">so that in the coming ages he might show the immeasurable riches of his grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus. For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works, so that no one may boast.</p> </div><h5>Romans 9:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009011.01-4">though they were not yet born and had done nothing either good or bad—in order that God's purpose of election might continue, not because of works but because of him who calls—</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 9:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05009005.01-5">Not because of your righteousness or the uprightness of your heart are you going in to possess their land, but because of the wickedness of these nations the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is driving them out from before you, and that he may confirm the word that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003005.01-1">Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God.</span></p> </div><h5>Titus 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003005.01-2">he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 5:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005020.01-3">Therefore, we are ambassadors for Christ, God making his appeal through us. We implore you on behalf of Christ, be reconciled to God.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 6:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47006001.01-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v47006001-4">6:1 </span>Working together with him, then, we appeal to you not to receive the grace of God in vain. For he says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p47006002.04-4">“In a favorable time I listened to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and in a day of salvation I have helped you.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p47006002.22-4">Behold, now is the favorable time; behold, now is the day of salvation.</p> </div><h5>John 6:44-45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006044.01-5"><span class="woc">No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him. And I will raise him up on the last day.</span> <span class="woc">It is written in the Prophets, ‘And they will all be taught by God.’ Everyone who has heard and learned from the Father comes to me—</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 16:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44016014.01-6">One who heard us was a woman named Lydia, from the city of Thyatira, a seller of purple goods, who was a worshiper of God. The Lord opened her heart to pay attention to what was said by Paul.</p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 2:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p53002013.03-7">But we ought always to give thanks to God for you, brothers beloved by the Lord, because God chose you as the firstfruits to be saved, through sanctification by the Spirit and belief in the truth. To this he called you through our gospel, so that you may obtain the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 26:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44026018.01-1"><span class="woc">to open their eyes, so that they may turn from darkness to light and from the power of Satan to God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a place among those who are sanctified by faith in me.’</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p46002010.01-2">these things God has revealed to us through the Spirit. For the Spirit searches everything, even the depths of God.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46002012.01-3">Now we have received not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, that we might understand the things freely given us by God.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47004006.01-4">For God, who said, “Let light shine out of darkness,” has shone in our hearts to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001017.01-5">that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give you a spirit of wisdom and of revelation in the knowledge of him, having the eyes of your hearts enlightened, that you may know what is the hope to which he has called you, what are the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 11:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26011019.01-1">And I will give them one heart, and a new spirit I will put within them. I will remove the heart of stone from their flesh and give them a heart of flesh,</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 36:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26036026.01-2">And I will give you a new heart, and a new spirit I will put within you. And I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh. And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules.</p> </div><h5>John 6:45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006045.01-3"><span class="woc">It is written in the Prophets, ‘And they will all be taught by God.’ Everyone who has heard and learned from the Father comes to me—</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002005.01-1">even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved—</p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002013.01-2">for it is God who works in you, both to will and to work for his good pleasure.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 30:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05030006.01-3">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God will circumcise your heart and the heart of your offspring, so that you will love the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with all your heart and with all your soul, that you may live.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 45:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23045022.01-4">“Turn to me and be saved,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all the ends of the earth!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>For I am God, and there is no other.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 11:28-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40011028.01-5"><span class="woc">Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.</span> <span class="woc">Take my yoke upon you, and learn from me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.</span> <span class="woc">For my yoke is easy, and my burden is light.”</span></p> </div><h5>Revelation 22:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66022017.01-6">The Spirit and the Bride say, “Come.” And let the one who hears say, “Come.” And let the one who is thirsty come; let the one who desires take the water of life without price.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 10.1 — Of effectual calling, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/27</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 10: Of Effectual Calling</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> All those whom God hath predestinated unto life, and those only, he is pleased, in his appointed and accepted time, effectually to call,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> by his Word and Spirit,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> out of that state of sin and death, in which they are by nature, to grace and salvation, by Jesus Christ;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> enlightening their minds spiritually and savingly to understand the things of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> taking away their heart of stone, and giving unto them a heart of flesh;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> renewing their wills, and, by his almighty power, determining them to that which is good,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> and effectually drawing them to Jesus Christ:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup> yet so, as they come most freely, being made willing by his grace.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf8">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 13:48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when the Gentiles heard this, they began rejoicing and glorifying the word of the Lord, and as many as were appointed to eternal life believed.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purpose.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And those whom he predestined he also called, and those whom he called he also justified, and those whom he justified he also glorified.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 11:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>What then? Israel failed to obtain what it was seeking. The elect obtained it, but the rest were hardened,</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>he predestined us for adoption to himself as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will,</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will,</p> </div> <h5>2 Timothy 1:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who saved us and called us to a holy calling, not because of our works but because of his own purpose and grace, which he gave us in Christ Jesus before the ages began, and which now has been manifested through the appearing of our Savior Christ Jesus, who abolished death and brought life and immortality to light through the gospel,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Thessalonians 2:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But we ought always to give thanks to God for you, brothers beloved by the Lord, because God chose you as the firstfruits to be saved, through sanctification by the Spirit and belief in the truth. To this he called you through our gospel, so that you may obtain the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ.</p> </div> <h5>James 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Of his own will he brought us forth by the word of truth, that we should be a kind of firstfruits of his creatures.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 3:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And you show that you are a letter from Christ delivered by us, written not with ink but with the Spirit of the living God, not on tablets of stone but on tablets of human hearts.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who has made us sufficient to be ministers of a new covenant, not of the letter but of the Spirit. For the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">Now we have received not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, that we might understand the things freely given us by God.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 1:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who saved us and called us to a holy calling, not because of our works but because of his own purpose and grace, which he gave us in Christ Jesus before the ages began, and which now has been manifested through the appearing of our Savior Christ Jesus, who abolished death and brought life and immortality to light through the gospel,</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 2:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for his own possession, that you may proclaim the excellencies of him who called you out of darkness into his marvelous light.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the law of the Spirit of life has set you free in Christ Jesus from the law of sin and death.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:1-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And you were dead in the trespasses and sins in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience—among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the flesh and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind. But God, being rich in mercy, because of the great love with which he loved us, even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved—and raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus, so that in the coming ages he might show the immeasurable riches of his grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus. For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works, so that no one may boast. For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 26:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">to open their eyes, so that they may turn from darkness to light and from the power of Satan to God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a place among those who are sanctified by faith in me.’</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">these things God has revealed to us through the Spirit. For the Spirit searches everything, even the depths of God.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">Now we have received not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, that we might understand the things freely given us by God.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give you the Spirit of wisdom and of revelation in the knowledge of him, having the eyes of your hearts enlightened, that you may know what is the hope to which he has called you, what are the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints,</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For God, who said, “Let light shine out of darkness,” has shone in our hearts to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 36:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26036026.01-1">And I will give you a new heart, and a new spirit I will put within you. And I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 11:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And I will give them one heart, and a new spirit I will put within them. I will remove the heart of stone from their flesh and give them a heart of flesh,</p> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 30:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God will circumcise your heart and the heart of your offspring, so that you will love the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with all your heart and with all your soul, that you may live.</p> </div> <h5>Ezekiel 36:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules.</p> </div> <h5>John 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God.</span></p> </div> <h5>Titus 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 1:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>since you have been born again, not of perishable seed but of imperishable, through the living and abiding word of God;</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 6:44-45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him. And I will raise him up on the last day.</span> <span class="woc">It is written in the Prophets, ‘And they will all be taught by God.’ Everyone who has heard and learned from the Father comes to me—</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 16:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>One who heard us was a woman named Lydia, from the city of Thyatira, a seller of purple goods, who was a worshiper of God. The Lord opened her heart to pay attention to what was said by Paul.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 110:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Your people will offer themselves freely<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on the day of your power,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in holy garments;<br/> from the womb of the morning,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the dew of your youth will be yours.</p> </div> </div> <h5>John 6:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">All that the Father gives me will come to me, and whoever comes to me I will never cast out.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 11:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.</span></p> </div> <h5>Revelation 22:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The Spirit and the Bride say, “Come.” And let the one who hears say, “Come.” And let the one who is thirsty come; let the one who desires take the water of life without price.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 6:16-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Do you not know that if you present yourselves to anyone as obedient slaves, you are slaves of the one whom you obey, either of sin, which leads to death, or of obedience, which leads to righteousness? But thanks be to God, that you who were once slaves of sin have become obedient from the heart to the standard of teaching to which you were committed, and, having been set free from sin, have become slaves of righteousness.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God,</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 1:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For it has been granted to you that for the sake of Christ you should not only believe in him but also suffer for his sake,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 30 + WLC 59 — How doth the Spirit apply to us the redemption purchased by Christ?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/26</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 30.</span> How doth the Spirit apply to us the redemption purchased by Christ?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Spirit applieth to us the redemption purchased by Christ, by working faith in us,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and thereby uniting us to Christ in our effectual calling.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 59.</span> Who are made partakers of redemption through Christ?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Redemption is certainly applied, and effectually communicated, to all those for whom Christ hath purchased it;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> who are in time by the Holy Ghost enabled to believe in Christ according to the gospel.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 10:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010017.01-1">So faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 2:12-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46002012.01-2">Now we have received not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, that we might understand the things freely given us by God. And we impart this in words not taught by human wisdom but taught by the Spirit, interpreting spiritual truths to those who are spiritual.</p> <p id="p46002014.01-2">The natural person does not accept the things of the Spirit of God, for they are folly to him, and he is not able to understand them because they are spiritually discerned. The spiritual person judges all things, but is himself to be judged by no one. “For who has understood the mind of the Lord so as to instruct him?” But we have the mind of Christ.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002008.01-3">For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God,</p> </div><h5>Philippians 1:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50001029.01-4">For it has been granted to you that for the sake of Christ you should not only believe in him but also suffer for his sake,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 15:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43015005.01-1"><span class="woc">I am the vine; you are the branches. Whoever abides in me and I in him, he it is that bears much fruit, for apart from me you can do nothing.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46001009.01-2">God is faithful, by whom you were called into the fellowship of his Son, Jesus Christ our Lord.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49003017.01-3">so that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith—that you, being rooted and grounded in love,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001013.01-1">In him you also, when you heard the word of truth, the gospel of your salvation, and believed in him, were sealed with the promised Holy Spirit, who is the guarantee of our inheritance until we acquire possession of it, to the praise of his glory.</p> </div><h5>John 6:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006037.01-2"><span class="woc">All that the Father gives me will come to me, and whoever comes to me I will never cast out.</span></p> </div><h5>John 6:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006039.01-3"><span class="woc">And this is the will of him who sent me, that I should lose nothing of all that he has given me, but raise it up on the last day.</span></p> </div><h5>John 10:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43010015.01-4"><span class="woc">just as the Father knows me and I know the Father; and I lay down my life for the sheep.</span> <span class="woc">And I have other sheep that are not of this fold. I must bring them also, and they will listen to my voice. So there will be one flock, one shepherd.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 10:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010017.01-1">So faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 2:12-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46002012.01-2">Now we have received not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, that we might understand the things freely given us by God. And we impart this in words not taught by human wisdom but taught by the Spirit, interpreting spiritual truths to those who are spiritual.</p> <p id="p46002014.01-2">The natural person does not accept the things of the Spirit of God, for they are folly to him, and he is not able to understand them because they are spiritually discerned. The spiritual person judges all things, but is himself to be judged by no one. “For who has understood the mind of the Lord so as to instruct him?” But we have the mind of Christ.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002008.01-3">For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God,</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008009.01-4">You, however, are not in the flesh but in the Spirit, if in fact the Spirit of God dwells in you. Anyone who does not have the Spirit of Christ does not belong to him.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008014.01-5">For all who are led by the Spirit of God are sons of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 26 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 29 + WLC 58 — How are we made partakers of the redemption purchased by Christ?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/25</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 29.</span> How are we made partakers of the redemption purchased by Christ?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> We are made partakers of the redemption purchased by Christ, by the effectual application of it to us by his Holy Spirit.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 58.</span> How do we come to be made partakers of the benefits which Christ hath procured?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> We are made partakers of the benefits which Christ hath procured, by the application of them unto us,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> which is the work especially of God the Holy Ghost.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 3:4-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003004.01-1">But when the goodness and loving kindness of God our Savior appeared, he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit, whom he poured out on us richly through Jesus Christ our Savior, so that being justified by his grace we might become heirs according to the hope of eternal life.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001011.01-1">He came to his own, and his own people did not receive him. But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 3:4-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003004.01-1">But when the goodness and loving kindness of God our Savior appeared, he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit, whom he poured out on us richly through Jesus Christ our Savior, so that being justified by his grace we might become heirs according to the hope of eternal life.</p> </div><h5>John 16:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43016014.01-2"><span class="woc">He will glorify me, for he will take what is mine and declare it to you.</span> <span class="woc">All that the Father has is mine; therefore I said that he will take what is mine and declare it to you.</span></p> </div><h5>John 3:3-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003003.01-3">Jesus answered him, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born again he cannot see the kingdom of God.”</span> Nicodemus said to him, “How can a man be born when he is old? Can he enter a second time into his mother's womb and be born?” Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God.</span> <span class="woc">That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.</span> <span class="woc">Do not marvel that I said to you, ‘You must be born again.’</span> <span class="woc">The wind blows where it wishes, and you hear its sound, but you do not know where it comes from or where it goes. So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 25 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 57 — What benefits hath Christ procured by his mediation?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/24</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 57.</span> What benefits hath Christ procured by his mediation?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ, by his mediation, hath procured redemption,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> with all other benefits of the covenant of grace.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 2:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54002005.01-1">For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus, who gave himself as a ransom for all, which is the testimony given at the proper time.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009012.01-2">he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001007.01-3">In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 1:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47001020.01-1">For all the promises of God find their Yes in him. That is why it is through him that we utter our Amen to God for his glory.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:3-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49001003.05-2">Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us in Christ with every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places, even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before him. In love he predestined us for adoption as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will, to the praise of his glorious grace, with which he has blessed us in the Beloved.</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 1:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p61001003.07-3">His divine power has granted to us all things that pertain to life and godliness, through the knowledge of him who called us to his own glory and excellence, by which he has granted to us his precious and very great promises, so that through them you may become partakers of the divine nature, having escaped from the corruption that is in the world because of sinful desire.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 9.5 — Of free will, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/23</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 9: Of Free Will</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> The will of man is made perfectly and immutably free to good alone, in the state of glory only.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 12:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and to the assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect,</p> </div> <h5>1 John 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Beloved, we are God’s children now, and what we will be has not yet appeared; but we know that when he appears we shall be like him, because we shall see him as he is.</p> </div> <h5>Jude 24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now to him who is able to keep you from stumbling and to present you blameless before the presence of his glory with great joy,</p> </div> <h5>Revelation 21:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But nothing unclean will ever enter it, nor anyone who does what is detestable or false, but only those who are written in the Lamb’s book of life.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 9.4 — Of free will, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/22</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 9: Of Free Will</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> When God converts a sinner, and translates him into the state of grace, he freeth him from his natural bondage under sin;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and, by his grace alone, enables him freely to will and to do that which is spiritually good;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> yet so, as that by reason of his remaining corruption, he doth not perfectly, nor only, will that which is good, but doth also will that which is evil.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 1:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He has delivered us from the domain of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of his beloved Son,</p> </div> <h5>John 8:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus answered them, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, everyone who practices sin is a slave to sin.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 8:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">So if the Son sets you free, you will be free indeed.</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 6:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin. For one who has died has been set free from sin.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>for it is God who works in you, both to will and to work for his good pleasure.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 6:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 6:17-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But thanks be to God, that you who were once slaves of sin have become obedient from the heart to the standard of teaching to which you were committed, and, having been set free from sin, have become slaves of righteousness. I am speaking in human terms, because of your natural limitations. For just as you once presented your members as slaves to impurity and to lawlessness leading to more lawlessness, so now present your members as slaves to righteousness leading to sanctification.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 6:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But now that you have been set free from sin and have become slaves of God, the fruit you get leads to sanctification and its end, eternal life.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the desires of the flesh are against the Spirit, and the desires of the Spirit are against the flesh, for these are opposed to each other, to keep you from doing the things you want to do.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 7:14-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we know that the law is spiritual, but I am of the flesh, sold under sin. For I do not understand my own actions. For I do not do what I want, but I do the very thing I hate. Now if I do what I do not want, I agree with the law, that it is good. So now it is no longer I who do it, but sin that dwells within me. For I know that nothing good dwells in me, that is, in my flesh. For I have the desire to do what is right, but not the ability to carry it out. For I do not do the good I want, but the evil I do not want is what I keep on doing. Now if I do what I do not want, it is no longer I who do it, but sin that dwells within me.</p> <p>So I find it to be a law that when I want to do right, evil lies close at hand. For I delight in the law of God, in my inner being, but I see in my members another law waging war against the law of my mind and making me captive to the law of sin that dwells in my members. Wretched man that I am! Who will deliver me from this body of death? Thanks be to God through Jesus Christ our Lord! So then, I myself serve the law of God with my mind, but with my flesh I serve the law of sin.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 1:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If we say we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If we say we have not sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 9.3 — Of free will, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/21</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 9: Of Free Will</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> Man, by his fall into a state of sin, hath wholly lost all ability of will to any spiritual good accompanying salvation:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> so as, a natural man, being altogether averse from that good,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and dead in sin,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> is not able, by his own strength, to convert himself, or to prepare himself thereunto.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God, for it does not submit to God’s law; indeed, it cannot. Those who are in the flesh cannot please God.</p> </div> <h5>John 6:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him. And I will raise him up on the last day.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 6:65</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he said, <span class="woc">“This is why I told you that no one can come to me unless it is granted him by the Father.”</span></p> </div> <h5>John 15:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">I am the vine; you are the branches. Whoever abides in me and I in him, he it is that bears much fruit, for apart from me you can do nothing.</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 5:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and hope does not put us to shame, because God’s love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who has been given to us.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>What then? Are we Jews any better off? No, not at all. For we have already charged that all, both Jews and Greeks, are under sin, as it is written:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“None is righteous, no, not one;</p> </div> </div> <h5>Romans 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">All have turned aside; together they have become worthless;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one does good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>not even one.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Romans 3:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49002001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v49002001-1">2:1 </span>And you were dead in the trespasses and sins</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002005.01-2">even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved—</p> </div><h5>Colossians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002013.01-3">And you, who were dead in your trespasses and the uncircumcision of your flesh, God made alive together with him, having forgiven us all our trespasses,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 6:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him. And I will raise him up on the last day.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 6:65</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he said, <span class="woc">“This is why I told you that no one can come to me unless it is granted him by the Father.”</span></p> </div> <h5>John 3:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus answered him, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born again he cannot see the kingdom of God.”</span></p> </div> <h5>John 3:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God.</span> <span class="woc">That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The natural person does not accept the things of the Spirit of God, for they are folly to him, and he is not able to understand them because they are spiritually discerned.</p> </div> <h5>Titus 3:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we ourselves were once foolish, disobedient, led astray, slaves to various passions and pleasures, passing our days in malice and envy, hated by others and hating one another. But when the goodness and loving kindness of God our Savior appeared, he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 9.2 — Of free will, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/20</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 9: Of Free Will</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> Man, in his state of innocency, had freedom, and power to will and to do that which was good and well pleasing to God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> but yet, mutably, so that he might fall from it.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ecclesiastes 7:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>See, this alone I found, that God made man upright, but they have sought out many schemes.</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 1:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, after our likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.”</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 1:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And God saw everything that he had made, and behold, it was very good. And there was evening and there was morning, the sixth day.</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and have put on the new self, which is being renewed in knowledge after the image of its creator.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God commanded the man, saying, “You may surely eat of every tree of the garden, but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of its fruit and ate, and she also gave some to her husband who was with her, and he ate.</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And to Adam he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Because you have listened to the voice of your wife<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have eaten of the tree<br/> of which I commanded you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>‘You shall not eat of it,’<br/> cursed is the ground because of you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall eat of it all the days of your life;</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 20 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 9.1 — Of free will, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/19</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 9: Of Free Will</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> God hath endued the will of man with that natural liberty, that it is neither forced, nor, by any absolute necessity of nature, determined to good, or evil.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 1:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let no one say when he is tempted, “I am being tempted by God,” for God cannot be tempted with evil, and he himself tempts no one. But each person is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desire.</p> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 30:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I call heaven and earth to witness against you today, that I have set before you life and death, blessing and curse. Therefore choose life, that you and your offspring may live,</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 7:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Ask a sign of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God; let it be deep as Sheol or high as heaven.” But Ahaz said, “I will not ask, and I will not put the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to the test.”</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 17:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But I tell you that Elijah has already come, and they did not recognize him, but did to him whatever they pleased. So also the Son of Man will certainly suffer at their hands.”</span></p> </div> <h5>John 5:40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">yet you refuse to come to me that you may have life.</span></p> </div> <h5>James 4:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Submit yourselves therefore to God. Resist the devil, and he will flee from you.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 19 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 57 — What benefits hath Christ procured by his mediation?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/18</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 57.</span> What benefits hath Christ procured by his mediation?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ, by his mediation, hath procured redemption,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> with all other benefits of the covenant of grace.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 2:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54002005.01-1">For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus, who gave himself as a ransom for all, which is the testimony given at the proper time.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009012.01-2">he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001007.01-3">In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 1:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47001020.01-1">For all the promises of God find their Yes in him. That is why it is through him that we utter our Amen to God for his glory.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:3-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49001003.05-2">Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us in Christ with every spiritual blessing in the heavenly places, even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before him. In love he predestined us for adoption as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will, to the praise of his glorious grace, with which he has blessed us in the Beloved.</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 1:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p61001003.07-3">His divine power has granted to us all things that pertain to life and godliness, through the knowledge of him who called us to his own glory and excellence, by which he has granted to us his precious and very great promises, so that through them you may become partakers of the divine nature, having escaped from the corruption that is in the world because of sinful desire.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 18 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 8.8 — Of Christ the mediator, part 8</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/17</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 8: Of Christ the Mediator</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">8.</span> To all those for whom Christ hath purchased redemption, he doth certainly and effectually apply and communicate the same;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> making intercession for them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and revealing unto them, in and by the Word, the mysteries of salvation;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> effectually persuading them by his Spirit to believe and obey, and governing their hearts by his Word and Spirit;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> overcoming all their enemies by his almighty power and wisdom, in such manner, and ways, as are most consonant to his wonderful and unsearchable dispensation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 6:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">All that the Father gives me will come to me, and whoever comes to me I will never cast out.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 6:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And this is the will of him who sent me, that I should lose nothing of all that he has given me, but raise it up on the last day.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 10:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">just as the Father knows me and I know the Father; and I lay down my life for the sheep.</span> <span class="woc">And I have other sheep that are not of this fold. I must bring them also, and they will listen to my voice. So there will be one flock, one shepherd.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 10:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me.</span> <span class="woc">I give them eternal life, and they will never perish, and no one will snatch them out of my hand.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>My little children, I am writing these things to you so that you may not sin. But if anyone does sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Who is to condemn? Christ Jesus is the one who died—more than that, who was raised—who is at the right hand of God, who indeed is interceding for us.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 15:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">No longer do I call you servants, for the servant does not know what his master is doing; but I have called you friends, for all that I have heard from my Father I have made known to you.</span></p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>making known to us the mystery of his will, according to his purpose, which he set forth in Christ</p> </div> <h5>John 17:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“I have manifested your name to the people whom you gave me out of the world. Yours they were, and you gave them to me, and they have kept your word.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 14:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But the Helper, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in my name, he will teach you all things and bring to your remembrance all that I have said to you.</span></p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Since we have the same spirit of faith according to what has been written, “I believed, and so I spoke,” we also believe, and so we also speak,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>You, however, are not in the flesh but in the Spirit, if in fact the Spirit of God dwells in you. Anyone who does not have the Spirit of Christ does not belong to him.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For all who are led by the Spirit of God are sons of God.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 15:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I will not venture to speak of anything except what Christ has accomplished through me to bring the Gentiles to obedience—by word and deed, by the power of signs and wonders, by the power of the Spirit of God—so that from Jerusalem and all the way around to Illyricum I have fulfilled the ministry of the gospel of Christ;</p> </div> <h5>John 17:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Sanctify them in the truth; your word is truth.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 110:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> says to my Lord:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Sit at my right hand,<br/> until I make your enemies your footstool.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 15:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For he must reign until he has put all his enemies under his feet. The last enemy to be destroyed is death.</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 2:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He disarmed the rulers and authorities and put them to open shame, by triumphing over them in him.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 10:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Behold, I have given you authority to tread on serpents and scorpions, and over all the power of the enemy, and nothing shall hurt you.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 17 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 8.7 — Of Christ the mediator, part 7</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/16</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 8: Of Christ the Mediator</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">7.</span> Christ, in the work of mediation, acts according to both natures, by each nature doing that which is proper to itself;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet, by reason of the unity of the person, that which is proper to one nature is sometimes in Scripture attributed to the person denominated by the other nature.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 10:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">For this reason the Father loves me, because I lay down my life that I may take it up again.</span> <span class="woc">No one takes it from me, but I lay it down of my own accord. I have authority to lay it down, and I have authority to take it up again. This charge I have received from my Father.”</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 3:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For Christ also suffered once for sins, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh but made alive in the spirit,</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his power. After making purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 9:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 20:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Pay careful attention to yourselves and to all the flock, in which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers, to care for the church of God, which he obtained with his own blood.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 1:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And why is this granted to me that the mother of my Lord should come to me?</p> </div> <h5>Romans 9:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>To them belong the patriarchs, and from their race, according to the flesh, is the Christ, who is God over all, blessed forever. Amen.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 16 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 8.6 — Of Christ the mediator, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/15</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 8: Of Christ the Mediator</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> Although the work of redemption was not actually wrought by Christ till after his incarnation, yet the virtue, efficacy, and benefits thereof were communicated unto the elect, in all ages successively from the beginning of the world, in and by those promises, types, and sacrifices, wherein he was revealed, and signified to be the seed of the woman which should bruise the serpent's head; and the Lamb slain from the beginning of the world; being yesterday and today the same, and forever.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 4:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law, to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive adoption as sons.</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I will put enmity between you and the woman,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and between your offspring and her offspring;<br/> he shall bruise your head,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you shall bruise his heel.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 10:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Revelation 13:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and all who dwell on earth will worship it, everyone whose name has not been written from the foundation of the world in the book of life of the Lamb who was slain.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 13:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus Christ is the same yesterday and today and forever.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God’s righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 9:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred that redeems them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 56 — How is Christ to be exalted in his coming again to judge the world?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/14</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 56.</span> How is Christ to be exalted in his coming again to judge the world?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ is to be exalted in his coming again to judge the world, in that he, who was unjustly judged and condemned by wicked men,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> shall come again at the last day in great power,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and in the full manifestation of his own glory, and of his Father's, with all his holy angels,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> with a shout, with the voice of the archangel, and with the trumpet of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> to judge the world in righteousness.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 3:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44003014.01-1">But you denied the Holy and Righteous One, and asked for a murderer to be granted to you, and you killed the Author of life, whom God raised from the dead. To this we are witnesses.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 24:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40024030.01-1"><span class="woc">Then will appear in heaven the sign of the Son of Man, and then all the tribes of the earth will mourn, and they will see the Son of Man coming on the clouds of heaven with power and great glory.</span></p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 1:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53001009.01-2">They will suffer the punishment of eternal destruction, away from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of his might, when he comes on that day to be glorified in his saints, and to be marveled at among all who have believed, because our testimony to you was believed.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 9:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42009026.01-1"><span class="woc">For whoever is ashamed of me and of my words, of him will the Son of Man be ashamed when he comes in his glory and the glory of the Father and of the holy angels.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 25:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40025031.04-2"><span class="woc">“When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, then he will sit on his glorious throne.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004016.01-1">For the Lord himself will descend from heaven with a cry of command, with the voice of an archangel, and with the sound of the trumpet of God. And the dead in Christ will rise first.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 17:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017031.01-1">because he has fixed a day on which he will judge the world in righteousness by a man whom he has appointed; and of this he has given assurance to all by raising him from the dead.”</p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 1:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53001006.01-2">since indeed God considers it just to repay with affliction those who afflict you, and to grant relief to you who are afflicted as well as to us, when the Lord Jesus is revealed from heaven with his mighty angels in flaming fire, inflicting vengeance on those who do not know God and on those who do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 55 — How doth Christ make intercession?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/13</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 55.</span> How doth Christ make intercession?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ maketh intercession, by his appearing in our nature continually before the Father in heaven,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> in the merit of his obedience and sacrifice on earth,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> declaring his will to have it applied to all believers;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> answering all accusations against them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> and procuring for them quiet of conscience, notwithstanding daily failings,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> access with boldness to the throne of grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> and acceptance of their persons<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> and services.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 9:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009012.01-1">he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009024.01-2">For Christ has entered, not into holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true things, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God on our behalf.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 53:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23053012.01-1">Therefore I will divide him a portion with the many,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall divide the spoil with the strong,<br/> because he poured out his soul to death<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and was numbered with the transgressors;<br/> yet he bore the sin of many,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes intercession for the transgressors.</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58001003.01-2">He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his power. After making purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p43003016.07-1"><span class="woc">“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.</span></p> </div><h5>John 17:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017009.01-2"><span class="woc">I am praying for them. I am not praying for the world but for those whom you have given me, for they are yours.</span></p> </div><h5>John 17:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017020.01-3"><span class="woc">“I do not ask for these only, but also for those who will believe in me through their word,</span></p> </div><h5>John 17:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017024.01-4"><span class="woc">Father, I desire that they also, whom you have given me, may be with me where I am, to see my glory that you have given me because you loved me before the foundation of the world.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:33-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008033.01-1">Who shall bring any charge against God's elect? It is God who justifies. Who is to condemn? Christ Jesus is the one who died—more than that, who was raised—who is at the right hand of God, who indeed is interceding for us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45005001-1">5:1 </span>Therefore, since we have been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ. Through him we have also obtained access by faith into this grace in which we stand, and we rejoice in hope of the glory of God.</p> </div><h5>1 John 2:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p62002001.04-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v62002001-2">2:1 </span>My little children, I am writing these things to you so that you may not sin. But if anyone does sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous. He is the propitiation for our sins, and not for ours only but also for the sins of the whole world.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58004016.01-1">Let us then with confidence draw near to the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001006.01-1">to the praise of his glorious grace, with which he has blessed us in the Beloved.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002005.01-1">you yourselves like living stones are being built up as a spiritual house, to be a holy priesthood, to offer spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 13 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 54 — How is Christ exalted in his sitting at the right hand of God?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/12</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 54.</span> How is Christ exalted in his sitting at the right hand of God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ is exalted in his sitting at the right hand of God, in that as God-man he is advanced to the highest favor with God the Father,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> with all fullness of joy,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> glory,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and power over all things in heaven and earth;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> and doth gather and defend his church, and subdue their enemies; furnisheth his ministers and people with gifts and graces,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> and maketh intercession for them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 2:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002009.01-1">Therefore God has highly exalted him and bestowed on him the name that is above every name,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44002028.01-1">You have made known to me the paths of life;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you will make me full of gladness with your presence.’</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 16:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19016011.01-2">You make known to me the path of life;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in your presence there is fullness of joy;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>at your right hand are pleasures forevermore.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 17:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017005.01-1"><span class="woc">And now, Father, glorify me in your own presence with the glory that I had with you before the world existed.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Daniel 7:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p27007013.08-1">“I saw in the night visions,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p27007013.14-1">and behold, with the clouds of heaven<br/> <span class="indent"></span>there came one like a son of man,<br/> and he came to the Ancient of Days<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and was presented before him.<br/>  And to him was given dominion<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and glory and a kingdom,<br/> that all peoples, nations, and languages<br/> <span class="indent"></span>should serve him;<br/> his dominion is an everlasting dominion,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>which shall not pass away,<br/> and his kingdom one<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that shall not be destroyed.</p> </div> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001022.01-2">And he put all things under his feet and gave him as head over all things to the church,</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 3:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60003022.01-3">who has gone into heaven and is at the right hand of God, with angels, authorities, and powers having been subjected to him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:10-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004010.01-1">He who descended is the one who also ascended far above all the heavens, that he might fill all things.) And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 110:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19110001.10-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19110001-2">110:1 </span>The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> says to my Lord:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Sit at my right hand,<br/> until I make your enemies your footstool.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 10:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010012.01-3">But when Christ had offered for all time a single sacrifice for sins, he sat down at the right hand of God, waiting from that time until his enemies should be made a footstool for his feet. For by a single offering he has perfected for all time those who are being sanctified.</p> </div><h5>Ezekiel 37:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26037024.01-4">“My servant David shall be king over them, and they shall all have one shepherd. They shall walk in my rules and be careful to obey my statutes.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008034.01-1">Who is to condemn? Christ Jesus is the one who died—more than that, who was raised—who is at the right hand of God, who indeed is interceding for us.</p> </div><h5>1 John 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p62002001.04-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v62002001-2">2:1 </span>My little children, I am writing these things to you so that you may not sin. But if anyone does sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 7:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007025.01-3">Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 12 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 53 — How was Christ exalted in his ascension?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/11</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 53.</span> How was Christ exalted in his ascension?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ was exalted in his ascension, in that having after his resurrection often appeared unto and conversed with his apostles, speaking to them of the things pertaining to the kingdom of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and giving them commission to preach the gospel to all nations,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> forty days after his resurrection, he, in our nature, and as our head,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> triumphing over enemies,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> visibly went up into the highest heavens, there to receive gifts for men,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> to raise up our affections thither,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> and to prepare a place for us,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> where himself is, and shall continue till his second coming at the end of the world.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 1:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44001002.01-1">until the day when he was taken up, after he had given commands through the Holy Spirit to the apostles whom he had chosen. He presented himself alive to them after his suffering by many proofs, appearing to them during forty days and speaking about the kingdom of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-1"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 20:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43020017.01-1">Jesus said to her, <span class="woc">“Do not cling to me, for I have not yet ascended to the Father; but go to my brothers and say to them, ‘I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.’”</span></p> </div><h5>Hebrews 6:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006020.01-2">where Jesus has gone as a forerunner on our behalf, having become a high priest forever after the order of Melchizedek.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004008.01-1">Therefore it says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p49004008.04-1">“When he ascended on high he led a host of captives,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he gave gifts to men.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 1:9-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44001009.01-1">And when he had said these things, as they were looking on, he was lifted up, and a cloud took him out of their sight. And while they were gazing into heaven as he went, behold, two men stood by them in white robes, and said, “Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into heaven? This Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way as you saw him go into heaven.”</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004007.01-2">But grace was given to each one of us according to the measure of Christ's gift. Therefore it says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p49004008.04-2">“When he ascended on high he led a host of captives,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he gave gifts to men.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 68:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19068018.01-3">You ascended on high,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>leading a host of captives in your train<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and receiving gifts among men,<br/> even among the rebellious, that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God may dwell there.</p> </div> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004010.01-4">He who descended is the one who also ascended far above all the heavens, that he might fill all things.)</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002033.01-5">Being therefore exalted at the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out this that you yourselves are seeing and hearing.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 3:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p51003001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v51003001-1">3:1 </span>If then you have been raised with Christ, seek the things that are above, where Christ is, seated at the right hand of God. Set your minds on things that are above, not on things that are on earth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 14:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43014003.01-1"><span class="woc">And if I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again and will take you to myself, that where I am you may be also.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44003021.01-1">whom heaven must receive until the time for restoring all the things about which God spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets long ago.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 11 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 52 — How was Christ exalted in his resurrection?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/10</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 52.</span> How was Christ exalted in his resurrection?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ was exalted in his resurrection, in that, not having seen corruption in death, (of which it was not possible for him to be held,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup>) and having the very same body in which he suffered, with the essential properties thereof,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> (but without mortality, and other common infirmities belonging to this life,) really united to his soul,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> he rose again from the dead the third day by his own power;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> whereby he declared himself to be the Son of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> to have satisfied divine justice,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> to have vanquished death, and him that had the power of it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> and to be Lord of quick and dead:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> all which he did as a public person,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup> the head of his church,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">10</sup> for their justification,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">11</sup> quickening in grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">12</sup> support against enemies,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">13</sup> and to assure them of their resurrection from the dead at the last day.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">14</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002024.01-1">God raised him up, loosing the pangs of death, because it was not possible for him to be held by it.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44002027.01-2">For you will not abandon my soul to Hades,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or let your Holy One see corruption.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 24:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42024039.01-1"><span class="woc">See my hands and my feet, that it is I myself. Touch me, and see. For a spirit does not have flesh and bones as you see that I have.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006009.01-1">We know that Christ, being raised from the dead, will never die again; death no longer has dominion over him.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66001018.01-2"><span class="woc">and the living one. I died, and behold I am alive forevermore, and I have the keys of Death and Hades.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 10:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43010018.01-1"><span class="woc">No one takes it from me, but I lay it down of my own accord. I have authority to lay it down, and I have authority to take it up again. This charge I have received from my Father.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001004.01-1">and was declared to be the Son of God in power according to the Spirit of holiness by his resurrection from the dead, Jesus Christ our Lord,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008034.01-1">Who is to condemn? Christ Jesus is the one who died—more than that, who was raised—who is at the right hand of God, who indeed is interceding for us.</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003025.01-2">whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God's righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins. It was to show his righteousness at the present time, so that he might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009013.01-3">For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the sprinkling of defiled persons with the ashes of a heifer, sanctify for the purification of the flesh, how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002014.01-1">Since therefore the children share in flesh and blood, he himself likewise partook of the same things, that through death he might destroy the one who has the power of death, that is, the devil,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 14:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45014009.01-1">For to this end Christ died and lived again, that he might be Lord both of the dead and of the living.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 15:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015021.01-1">For as by a man came death, by a man has come also the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ shall all be made alive.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 53:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23053010.01-2">Yet it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to crush him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has put him to grief;<br/> when his soul makes an offering for guilt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days;<br/> the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall prosper in his hand.<br/>  Out of the anguish of his soul he shall see and be satisfied;<br/> by his knowledge shall the righteous one, my servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>make many to be accounted righteous,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall bear their iniquities.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:20-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001020.01-1">that he worked in Christ when he raised him from the dead and seated him at his right hand in the heavenly places, far above all rule and authority and power and dominion, and above every name that is named, not only in this age but also in the one to come. And he put all things under his feet and gave him as head over all things to the church, which is his body, the fullness of him who fills all in all.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001018.01-2">And he is the head of the body, the church. He is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in everything he might be preeminent.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004025.01-1">who was delivered up for our trespasses and raised for our justification.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49002001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v49002001-1">2:1 </span>And you were dead in the trespasses and sins</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002005.01-2">even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved— and raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus,</p> </div><h5>Colossians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002012.01-3">having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the powerful working of God, who raised him from the dead.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 15:25-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015025.01-1">For he must reign until he has put all his enemies under his feet. The last enemy to be destroyed is death. For “God has put all things in subjection under his feet.” But when it says, “all things are put in subjection,” it is plain that he is excepted who put all things in subjection under him.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 2:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19002007.01-2">I will tell of the decree:<br/> The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to me, “You are my Son;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>today I have begotten you.<br/>  Ask of me, and I will make the nations your heritage,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the ends of the earth your possession.<br/>  You shall break them with a rod of iron<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 15:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015020.01-1">But in fact Christ has been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep.</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004014.01-2">For since we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so, through Jesus, God will bring with him those who have fallen asleep.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 10 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 28 + WLC 51 — What was the estate of Christ's exaltation?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/09</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 28.</span> Wherein consisteth Christ's exaltation?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ's exaltation consisteth in his rising again from the dead on the third day,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> in ascending up into heaven,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> in sitting at the right hand of God the Father,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> and in coming to judge the world at the last day.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 51.</span> What was the estate of Christ's exaltation?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The estate of Christ's exaltation comprehendeth his resurrection,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">5</sup> ascension,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">6</sup> sitting at the right hand of the Father,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">7</sup> and his coming again to judge the world.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 15:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015004.01-1">that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 68:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19068018.01-1">You ascended on high,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>leading a host of captives in your train<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and receiving gifts among men,<br/> even among the rebellious, that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God may dwell there.</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44001011.01-2">and said, “Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into heaven? This Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way as you saw him go into heaven.”</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004008.01-3">Therefore it says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p49004008.04-3">“When he ascended on high he led a host of captives,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he gave gifts to men.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 110:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19110001.10-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19110001-1">110:1 </span>The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> says to my Lord:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Sit at my right hand,<br/> until I make your enemies your footstool.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 2:33-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002033.01-2">Being therefore exalted at the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out this that you yourselves are seeing and hearing. For David did not ascend into the heavens, but he himself says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44002034.13-2">“‘The Lord said to my Lord,<br/> Sit at my right hand,</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58001003.01-3">He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his power. After making purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 16:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40016027.01-1"><span class="woc">For the Son of Man is going to come with his angels in the glory of his Father, and then he will repay each person according to what he has done.</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 17:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017031.01-2">because he has fixed a day on which he will judge the world in righteousness by a man whom he has appointed; and of this he has given assurance to all by raising him from the dead.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 15:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015004.01-1">that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 68:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19068018.01-1">You ascended on high,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>leading a host of captives in your train<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and receiving gifts among men,<br/> even among the rebellious, that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God may dwell there.</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44001011.01-2">and said, “Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into heaven? This Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way as you saw him go into heaven.”</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004008.01-3">Therefore it says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p49004008.04-3">“When he ascended on high he led a host of captives,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he gave gifts to men.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001020.01-1">that he worked in Christ when he raised him from the dead and seated him at his right hand in the heavenly places,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 110:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19110001.10-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19110001-2">110:1 </span>The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> says to my Lord:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Sit at my right hand,<br/> until I make your enemies your footstool.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 2:33-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002033.01-3">Being therefore exalted at the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out this that you yourselves are seeing and hearing. For David did not ascend into the heavens, but he himself says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44002034.13-3">“‘The Lord said to my Lord,<br/> Sit at my right hand,</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58001003.01-4">He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his power. After making purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44001011.01-1">and said, “Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into heaven? This Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way as you saw him go into heaven.”</p> </div><h5>Acts 17:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017031.01-2">because he has fixed a day on which he will judge the world in righteousness by a man whom he has appointed; and of this he has given assurance to all by raising him from the dead.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 16:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40016027.01-3"><span class="woc">For the Son of Man is going to come with his angels in the glory of his Father, and then he will repay each person according to what he has done.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 50 — Wherein consisted Christ's humiliation after his death?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/08</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 50.</span> Wherein consisted Christ's humiliation after his death?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ's humiliation after his death consisted in his being buried,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and continuing in the state of the dead, and under the power of death till the third day;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> which hath been otherwise expressed in these words, He descended into hell.</p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 15:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015003.01-1">For I delivered to you as of first importance what I also received: that Christ died for our sins in accordance with the Scriptures, that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 16:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19016010.01-1">For you will not abandon my soul to Sheol,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or let your holy one see corruption.</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 2:24-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002024.01-2">God raised him up, loosing the pangs of death, because it was not possible for him to be held by it. For David says concerning him,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44002025.06-2">“‘I saw the Lord always before me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he is at my right hand that I may not be shaken;<br/>  therefore my heart was glad, and my tongue rejoiced;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my flesh also will dwell in hope.<br/>  For you will not abandon my soul to Hades,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or let your Holy One see corruption.</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 2:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002031.01-3">he foresaw and spoke about the resurrection of the Christ, that he was not abandoned to Hades, nor did his flesh see corruption.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006009.01-4">We know that Christ, being raised from the dead, will never die again; death no longer has dominion over him.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 12:40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40012040.01-5"><span class="woc">For just as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 49 — How did Christ humble himself in his death?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/07</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 49.</span> How did Christ humble himself in his death?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ humbled himself in his death, in that having been betrayed by Judas,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> forsaken by his disciples,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> scorned and rejected by the world,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> condemned by Pilate, and tormented by his persecutors;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> having also conflicted with the terrors of death, and the powers of darkness, felt and borne the weight of God's wrath,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> he laid down his life an offering for sin,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> enduring the painful, shameful, and cursed death of the cross.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 27:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40027004.01-1">saying, “I have sinned by betraying innocent blood.” They said, “What is that to us? See to it yourself.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:56</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026056.01-1"><span class="woc">But all this has taken place that the Scriptures of the prophets might be fulfilled.”</span> Then all the disciples left him and fled.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 53:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23053002.01-1">For he grew up before him like a young plant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and like a root out of dry ground;<br/> he had no form or majesty that we should look at him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and no beauty that we should desire him.<br/>  He was despised and rejected by men;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief;<br/> and as one from whom men hide their faces<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he was despised, and we esteemed him not.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 27:26-50</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40027026.01-1">Then he released for them Barabbas, and having scourged Jesus, delivered him to be crucified.</p> <p id="p40027027.04-1">Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus into the governor's headquarters, and they gathered the whole battalion before him. And they stripped him and put a scarlet robe on him, and twisting together a crown of thorns, they put it on his head and put a reed in his right hand. And kneeling before him, they mocked him, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” And they spit on him and took the reed and struck him on the head. And when they had mocked him, they stripped him of the robe and put his own clothes on him and led him away to crucify him.</p> <p id="p40027032.03-1">As they went out, they found a man of Cyrene, Simon by name. They compelled this man to carry his cross. And when they came to a place called Golgotha (which means Place of a Skull), they offered him wine to drink, mixed with gall, but when he tasted it, he would not drink it. And when they had crucified him, they divided his garments among them by casting lots. Then they sat down and kept watch over him there. And over his head they put the charge against him, which read, “This is Jesus, the King of the Jews.” Then two robbers were crucified with him, one on the right and one on the left. And those who passed by derided him, wagging their heads and saying, “You who would destroy the temple and rebuild it in three days, save yourself! If you are the Son of God, come down from the cross.” So also the chief priests, with the scribes and elders, mocked him, saying, “He saved others; he cannot save himself. He is the King of Israel; let him come down now from the cross, and we will believe in him. He trusts in God; let God deliver him now, if he desires him. For he said, ‘I am the Son of God.’” And the robbers who were crucified with him also reviled him in the same way.</p> <p id="p40027045.05-1">Now from the sixth hour there was darkness over all the land until the ninth hour. And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, <span class="woc">“Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?”</span> that is, <span class="woc">“My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”</span> And some of the bystanders, hearing it, said, “This man is calling Elijah.” And one of them at once ran and took a sponge, filled it with sour wine, and put it on a reed and gave it to him to drink. But the others said, “Wait, let us see whether Elijah will come to save him.” And Jesus cried out again with a loud voice and yielded up his spirit.</p> </div><h5>John 19:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43019034.01-2">But one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and at once there came out blood and water.</p> </div><h5>Luke 22:63-64</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42022063.04-3">Now the men who were holding Jesus in custody were mocking him as they beat him. They also blindfolded him and kept asking him, “Prophesy! Who is it that struck you?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 22:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42022044.01-1">And being in an agony he prayed more earnestly; and his sweat became like great drops of blood falling down to the ground.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 27:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40027046.01-2">And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, <span class="woc">“Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?”</span> that is, <span class="woc">“My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 53:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23053010.01-1">Yet it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to crush him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has put him to grief;<br/> when his soul makes an offering for guilt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days;<br/> the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall prosper in his hand.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 20:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40020028.01-2"><span class="woc">even as the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”</span></p> </div><h5>Mark 10:45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41010045.01-3"><span class="woc">For even the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002008.01-1">And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 12:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012002.01-2">looking to Jesus, the founder and perfecter of our faith, who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is seated at the right hand of the throne of God.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003013.01-3">Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us—for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree”—  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 07 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 48 — How did Christ humble himself in his life?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/06</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 48.</span> How did Christ humble himself in his life?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ humbled himself in his life, by subjecting himself to the law,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> which he perfectly fulfilled;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and by conflicting with the indignities of the world,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> temptations of Satan,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> and infirmities in his flesh, whether common to the nature of man, or particularly accompanying that his low condition.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004004.01-1">But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005017.07-1"><span class="woc">“Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them.</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005019.01-2">For as by the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man's obedience the many will be made righteous.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 22:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19022006.01-1">But I am a worm and not a man,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>scorned by mankind and despised by the people.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 53:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23053002.01-2">For he grew up before him like a young plant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and like a root out of dry ground;<br/> he had no form or majesty that we should look at him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and no beauty that we should desire him.<br/>  He was despised and rejected by men;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief;<br/> and as one from whom men hide their faces<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he was despised, and we esteemed him not.</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 12:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012002.01-3">looking to Jesus, the founder and perfecter of our faith, who for the joy that was set before him endured the cross, despising the shame, and is seated at the right hand of the throne of God.</p> <p id="p58012003.05-3">Consider him who endured from sinners such hostility against himself, so that you may not grow weary or fainthearted.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 4:1-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40004001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v40004001-1">4:1 </span>Then Jesus was led up by the Spirit into the wilderness to be tempted by the devil. And after fasting forty days and forty nights, he was hungry. And the tempter came and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, command these stones to become loaves of bread.” But he answered, <span class="woc">“It is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40004004.07-1"><span class="woc">“‘Man shall not live by bread alone,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but by every word that comes from the mouth of God.’”</span></p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p40004005.01-1">Then the devil took him to the holy city and set him on the pinnacle of the temple and said to him, “If you are the Son of God, throw yourself down, for it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40004006.19-1">“‘He will command his angels concerning you,’</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p40004006.26-1">and</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40004006.27-1">“‘On their hands they will bear you up,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>lest you strike your foot against a stone.’”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p40004007.01-1">Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Again it is written, ‘You shall not put the Lord your God to the test.’”</span> Again, the devil took him to a very high mountain and showed him all the kingdoms of the world and their glory. And he said to him, “All these I will give you, if you will fall down and worship me.” Then Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Be gone, Satan! For it is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40004010.13-1"><span class="woc">“‘You shall worship the Lord your God<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and him only shall you serve.’”</span></p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p40004011.01-1">Then the devil left him, and behold, angels came and were ministering to him.</p> </div><h5>Luke 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42004013.01-2">And when the devil had ended every temptation, he departed from him until an opportune time.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 2:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002017.01-1">Therefore he had to be made like his brothers in every respect, so that he might become a merciful and faithful high priest in the service of God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people. For because he himself has suffered when tempted, he is able to help those who are being tempted.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 4:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58004015.01-2">For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who in every respect has been tempted as we are, yet without sin.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 52:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23052013.07-3">Behold, my servant shall act wisely;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall be high and lifted up,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shall be exalted.<br/>  As many were astonished at you—<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his appearance was so marred, beyond human semblance,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his form beyond that of the children of mankind—  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 47 — How did Christ humble himself in his conception and birth?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/05</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 47.</span> How did Christ humble himself in his conception and birth?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ humbled himself in his conception and birth, in that, being from all eternity the Son of God, in the bosom of the Father, he was pleased in the fullness of time to become the son of man, made of a woman of low estate, and to be born of her; with divers circumstances of more than ordinary abasement.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001014.01-1">And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.</p> </div><h5>John 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001018.01-2">No one has ever seen God; the only God, who is at the Father's side, he has made him known.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004004.01-3">But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law,</p> </div><h5>Luke 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42002007.01-4">And she gave birth to her firstborn son and wrapped him in swaddling cloths and laid him in a manger, because there was no place for them in the inn.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 05 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 27 + WLC 46 — What was the estate of Christ's humiliation?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/04</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 27.</span> Wherein did Christ's humiliation consist?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ's humiliation consisted in his being born, and that in a low condition,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> made under the law,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> undergoing the miseries of this life,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> the wrath of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup> and the cursed death of the cross;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc5">5</sup> in being buried, and continuing under the power of death for a time.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc6">6</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 46.</span> What was the estate of Christ's humiliation?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The estate of Christ's humiliation was that low condition, wherein he for our sakes, emptying himself of his glory, took upon him the form of a servant,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">7</sup> in his conception<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">8</sup> and birth,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">9</sup> life,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">10</sup> death,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">11</sup> and after his death,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">12</sup> until his resurrection.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">13</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42002007.01-1">And she gave birth to her firstborn son and wrapped him in swaddling cloths and laid him in a manger, because there was no place for them in the inn.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 8:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47008009.01-2">For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that though he was rich, yet for your sake he became poor, so that you by his poverty might become rich.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004004.01-3">But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004004.01-1">But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 53:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23053003.01-1">He was despised and rejected by men;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief;<br/> and as one from whom men hide their faces<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he was despised, and we esteemed him not.</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 9:58</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42009058.01-2">And Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Foxes have holes, and birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay his head.”</span></p> </div><h5>John 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43004006.01-3">Jacob's well was there; so Jesus, wearied as he was from his journey, was sitting beside the well. It was about the sixth hour.</p> </div><h5>John 11:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43011035.01-4">Jesus wept.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 2:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002018.01-5">For because he himself has suffered when tempted, he is able to help those who are being tempted.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 22:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19022001.20-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19022001-1">22:1 </span>My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Why are you so far from saving me, from the words of my groaning?</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 27:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40027046.01-2">And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, <span class="woc">“Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?”</span> that is, <span class="woc">“My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”</span></p> </div><h5>Isaiah 53:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23053010.01-3">Yet it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to crush him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has put him to grief;<br/> when his soul makes an offering for guilt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days;<br/> the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall prosper in his hand.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 John 2:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62002002.01-4">He is the propitiation for our sins, and not for ours only but also for the sins of the whole world.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003013.01-1">Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us—for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree”—</p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002008.01-2">And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 12:40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40012040.01-1"><span class="woc">For just as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 15:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015003.01-2">For I delivered to you as of first importance what I also received: that Christ died for our sins in accordance with the Scriptures, that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 2:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002006.01-1">who, though he was in the form of God, did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped, but made himself nothing, taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men. And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 1:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42001031.01-1">And behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42002007.01-1">And she gave birth to her firstborn son and wrapped him in swaddling cloths and laid him in a manger, because there was no place for them in the inn.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004004.01-1">But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law,</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 8:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47008009.01-2">For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that though he was rich, yet for your sake he became poor, so that you by his poverty might become rich.</p> </div><h5>Luke 9:58</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42009058.01-3">And Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Foxes have holes, and birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man has nowhere to lay his head.”</span></p> </div><h5>Hebrews 2:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002018.01-4">For because he himself has suffered when tempted, he is able to help those who are being tempted.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 53:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23053003.01-5">He was despised and rejected by men;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief;<br/> and as one from whom men hide their faces<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he was despised, and we esteemed him not.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 22:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19022001.20-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19022001-1">22:1 </span>My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Why are you so far from saving me, from the words of my groaning?</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 27:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40027046.01-2">And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, <span class="woc">“Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?”</span> that is, <span class="woc">“My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”</span></p> </div><h5>Isaiah 53:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23053010.01-3">Yet it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to crush him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has put him to grief;<br/> when his soul makes an offering for guilt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days;<br/> the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall prosper in his hand.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 John 2:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62002002.01-4">He is the propitiation for our sins, and not for ours only but also for the sins of the whole world.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002008.01-5">And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 12:40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40012040.01-1"><span class="woc">For just as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the great fish, so will the Son of Man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 15:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015003.01-2">For I delivered to you as of first importance what I also received: that Christ died for our sins in accordance with the Scriptures, that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:24-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002024.01-1">God raised him up, loosing the pangs of death, because it was not possible for him to be held by it. For David says concerning him,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44002025.06-1">“‘I saw the Lord always before me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he is at my right hand that I may not be shaken;<br/>  therefore my heart was glad, and my tongue rejoiced;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my flesh also will dwell in hope.<br/>  For you will not abandon my soul to Hades,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or let your Holy One see corruption.</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 2:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002031.01-2">he foresaw and spoke about the resurrection of the Christ, that he was not abandoned to Hades, nor did his flesh see corruption.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 04 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 26 + WLC 45 — How doth Christ execute the office of a king?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/03</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 26.</span> How doth Christ execute the office of a king?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ executeth the office of a king, in subduing us to himself, in ruling and defending us,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and in restraining and conquering all his and our enemies.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 45.</span> How doth Christ execute the office of a king?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ executeth the office of a king, in calling out of the world a people to himself,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> and giving them officers,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> laws,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup> and censures, by which he visibly governs them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">6</sup> in bestowing saving grace upon his elect,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">7</sup> rewarding their obedience,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">8</sup> and correcting them for their sins,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">9</sup> preserving and supporting them under all their temptations and sufferings,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">10</sup> restraining and overcoming all their enemies,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">11</sup> and powerfully ordering all things for his own glory,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">12</sup> and their good;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">13</sup> and also in taking vengeance on the rest, who know not God, and obey not the gospel.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">14</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 110:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19110003.01-1">Your people will offer themselves freely<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on the day of your power,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in holy garments;<br/> from the womb of the morning,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the dew of your youth will be yours.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 28:18-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028018.01-2">And Jesus came and said to them, <span class="woc">“All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me.</span> <span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div><h5>John 17:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017002.01-3"><span class="woc">since you have given him authority over all flesh, to give eternal life to all whom you have given him.</span></p> </div><h5>Colossians 1:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001013.01-4">He has delivered us from the domain of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of his beloved Son,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 2:6-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19002006.01-1">“As for me, I have set my King<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on Zion, my holy hill.”</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19002007.01-1">I will tell of the decree:<br/> The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to me, “You are my Son;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>today I have begotten you.<br/>  Ask of me, and I will make the nations your heritage,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the ends of the earth your possession.<br/>  You shall break them with a rod of iron<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 110:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19110001.10-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19110001-2">110:1 </span>The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> says to my Lord:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Sit at my right hand,<br/> until I make your enemies your footstool.”</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19110002.01-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> sends forth from Zion<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your mighty scepter.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Rule in the midst of your enemies!</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 12:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40012028.01-3"><span class="woc">But if it is by the Spirit of God that I cast out demons, then the kingdom of God has come upon you.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 15:24-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015024.01-4">Then comes the end, when he delivers the kingdom to God the Father after destroying every rule and every authority and power. For he must reign until he has put all his enemies under his feet. The last enemy to be destroyed is death.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 2:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002015.01-5">He disarmed the rulers and authorities and put them to open shame, by triumphing over them in him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 15:14-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44015014.01-1">Simeon has related how God first visited the Gentiles, to take from them a people for his name. And with this the words of the prophets agree, just as it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44015016.01-1">“‘After this I will return,<br/> and I will rebuild the tent of David that has fallen;<br/> I will rebuild its ruins,<br/> <span class="indent"></span> and I will restore it,</p> </div> </div><h5>Genesis 49:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01049010.01-2">The scepter shall not depart from Judah,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor the ruler's staff from between his feet,<br/> until tribute comes to him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to him shall be the obedience of the peoples.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 110:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19110003.01-3">Your people will offer themselves freely<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on the day of your power,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in holy garments;<br/> from the womb of the morning,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the dew of your youth will be yours.</p> </div> </div><h5>John 17:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017002.01-4"><span class="woc">since you have given him authority over all flesh, to give eternal life to all whom you have given him.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004011.01-1">And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ,</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 12:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012028.01-2">And God has appointed in the church first apostles, second prophets, third teachers, then miracles, then gifts of healing, helping, administrating, and various kinds of tongues.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 33:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23033022.01-1">For the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is our judge; the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is our lawgiver;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is our king; he will save us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 18:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40018017.01-1"><span class="woc">If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church. And if he refuses to listen even to the church, let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector.</span> <span class="woc">Truly, I say to you, whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 5:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46005004.01-2">When you are assembled in the name of the Lord Jesus and my spirit is present, with the power of our Lord Jesus, you are to deliver this man to Satan for the destruction of the flesh, so that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 5:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44005031.01-1">God exalted him at his right hand as Leader and Savior, to give repentance to Israel and forgiveness of sins.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 22:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66022012.01-1"><span class="woc">“Behold, I am coming soon, bringing my recompense with me, to repay everyone for what he has done.</span></p> </div><h5>Revelation 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66002010.01-2"><span class="woc">Do not fear what you are about to suffer. Behold, the devil is about to throw some of you into prison, that you may be tested, and for ten days you will have tribulation. Be faithful unto death, and I will give you the crown of life.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 3:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66003019.01-1"><span class="woc">Those whom I love, I reprove and discipline, so be zealous and repent.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 63:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23063009.01-1">In all their affliction he was afflicted,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the angel of his presence saved them;<br/> in his love and in his pity he redeemed them;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he lifted them up and carried them all the days of old.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 15:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015025.01-1">For he must reign until he has put all his enemies under his feet.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 110:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19110001.10-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19110001-2">110:1 </span>The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> says to my Lord:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Sit at my right hand,<br/> until I make your enemies your footstool.”</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19110002.01-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> sends forth from Zion<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your mighty scepter.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Rule in the midst of your enemies!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 14:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45014010.01-1">Why do you pass judgment on your brother? Or you, why do you despise your brother? For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God; for it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45014011.05-1">“As I live, says the Lord, every knee shall bow to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and every tongue shall confess to God.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008028.01-1">And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purpose.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Thessalonians 1:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53001008.01-1">in flaming fire, inflicting vengeance on those who do not know God and on those who do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus. They will suffer the punishment of eternal destruction, away from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of his might,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 2:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19002008.01-2">Ask of me, and I will make the nations your heritage,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the ends of the earth your possession.<br/>  You shall break them with a rod of iron<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 03 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 25 + WLC 44 — How doth Christ execute the office of a priest?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/02</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 25.</span> How doth Christ execute the office of a priest?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ executeth the office of a priest, in his once offering up of himself a sacrifice to satisfy divine justice,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and reconcile us to God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> and in making continual intercession for us.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 44.</span> How doth Christ execute the office of a priest?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ executeth the office of a priest, in his once offering himself a sacrifice without spot to God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">4</sup> to be a reconciliation for the sins of his people;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">5</sup> and in making continual intercession for them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 53</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23053001.01-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v23053001-1">53:1 </span>Who has believed what he has heard from us?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>And to whom has the arm of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> been revealed?<br/>  For he grew up before him like a young plant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and like a root out of dry ground;<br/> he had no form or majesty that we should look at him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and no beauty that we should desire him.<br/>  He was despised and rejected by men;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief;<br/> and as one from whom men hide their faces<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he was despised, and we esteemed him not.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23053004.01-1">Surely he has borne our griefs<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and carried our sorrows;<br/> yet we esteemed him stricken,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>smitten by God, and afflicted.<br/>  But he was wounded for our transgressions;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he was crushed for our iniquities;<br/> upon him was the chastisement that brought us peace,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with his stripes we are healed.<br/>  All we like sheep have gone astray;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>we have turned—every one—to his own way;<br/> and the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has laid on him<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the iniquity of us all.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23053007.01-1">He was oppressed, and he was afflicted,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>yet he opened not his mouth;<br/> like a lamb that is led to the slaughter,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and like a sheep that before its shearers is silent,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so he opened not his mouth.<br/>  By oppression and judgment he was taken away;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and as for his generation, who considered<br/> that he was cut off out of the land of the living,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>stricken for the transgression of my people?<br/>  And they made his grave with the wicked<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with a rich man in his death,<br/> although he had done no violence,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and there was no deceit in his mouth.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23053010.01-1">Yet it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to crush him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has put him to grief;<br/> when his soul makes an offering for guilt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days;<br/> the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall prosper in his hand.<br/>  Out of the anguish of his soul he shall see and be satisfied;<br/> by his knowledge shall the righteous one, my servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>make many to be accounted righteous,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall bear their iniquities.<br/>  Therefore I will divide him a portion with the many,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall divide the spoil with the strong,<br/> because he poured out his soul to death<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and was numbered with the transgressors;<br/> yet he bore the sin of many,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes intercession for the transgressors.</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 8:32-35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008032.01-2">Now the passage of the Scripture that he was reading was this:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44008032.13-2">“Like a sheep he was led to the slaughter<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and like a lamb before its shearer is silent,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so he opens not his mouth.<br/>  In his humiliation justice was denied him.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who can describe his generation?<br/> For his life is taken away from the earth.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p44008034.01-2">And the eunuch said to Philip, “About whom, I ask you, does the prophet say this, about himself or about someone else?” Then Philip opened his mouth, and beginning with this Scripture he told him the good news about Jesus.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:26-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009026.01-3">for then he would have had to suffer repeatedly since the foundation of the world. But as it is, he has appeared once for all at the end of the ages to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself. And just as it is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment, so Christ, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time, not to deal with sin but to save those who are eagerly waiting for him.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 10:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010012.01-4">But when Christ had offered for all time a single sacrifice for sins, he sat down at the right hand of God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005010.01-1">For if while we were enemies we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more, now that we are reconciled, shall we be saved by his life. More than that, we also rejoice in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received reconciliation.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 5:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005018.01-2">All this is from God, who through Christ reconciled us to himself and gave us the ministry of reconciliation;</p> </div><h5>Colossians 1:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001021.01-3">And you, who once were alienated and hostile in mind, doing evil deeds, he has now reconciled in his body of flesh by his death, in order to present you holy and blameless and above reproach before him,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008034.01-1">Who is to condemn? Christ Jesus is the one who died—more than that, who was raised—who is at the right hand of God, who indeed is interceding for us.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 7:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007025.01-2">Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009024.01-3">For Christ has entered, not into holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true things, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God on our behalf.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 9:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009014.01-1">how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009028.01-2">so Christ, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time, not to deal with sin but to save those who are eagerly waiting for him.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 10:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010012.01-3">But when Christ had offered for all time a single sacrifice for sins, he sat down at the right hand of God,</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 53</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23053001.01-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v23053001-4">53:1 </span>Who has believed what he has heard from us?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>And to whom has the arm of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> been revealed?<br/>  For he grew up before him like a young plant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and like a root out of dry ground;<br/> he had no form or majesty that we should look at him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and no beauty that we should desire him.<br/>  He was despised and rejected by men;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief;<br/> and as one from whom men hide their faces<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he was despised, and we esteemed him not.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23053004.01-4">Surely he has borne our griefs<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and carried our sorrows;<br/> yet we esteemed him stricken,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>smitten by God, and afflicted.<br/>  But he was wounded for our transgressions;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he was crushed for our iniquities;<br/> upon him was the chastisement that brought us peace,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with his stripes we are healed.<br/>  All we like sheep have gone astray;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>we have turned—every one—to his own way;<br/> and the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has laid on him<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the iniquity of us all.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23053007.01-4">He was oppressed, and he was afflicted,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>yet he opened not his mouth;<br/> like a lamb that is led to the slaughter,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and like a sheep that before its shearers is silent,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so he opened not his mouth.<br/>  By oppression and judgment he was taken away;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and as for his generation, who considered<br/> that he was cut off out of the land of the living,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>stricken for the transgression of my people?<br/>  And they made his grave with the wicked<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with a rich man in his death,<br/> although he had done no violence,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and there was no deceit in his mouth.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23053010.01-4">Yet it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to crush him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has put him to grief;<br/> when his soul makes an offering for guilt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days;<br/> the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall prosper in his hand.<br/>  Out of the anguish of his soul he shall see and be satisfied;<br/> by his knowledge shall the righteous one, my servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>make many to be accounted righteous,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall bear their iniquities.<br/>  Therefore I will divide him a portion with the many,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall divide the spoil with the strong,<br/> because he poured out his soul to death<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and was numbered with the transgressors;<br/> yet he bore the sin of many,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes intercession for the transgressors.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002017.01-1">Therefore he had to be made like his brothers in every respect, so that he might become a merciful and faithful high priest in the service of God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 5:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005018.01-2">All this is from God, who through Christ reconciled us to himself and gave us the ministry of reconciliation;</p> </div><h5>Colossians 1:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001021.01-3">And you, who once were alienated and hostile in mind, doing evil deeds, he has now reconciled in his body of flesh by his death, in order to present you holy and blameless and above reproach before him,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 7:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007025.01-1">Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009024.01-2">For Christ has entered, not into holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true things, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God on our behalf.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 02 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 8.5 — Of Christ the mediator, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/04/01</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 8: Of Christ the Mediator</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> The Lord Jesus, by his perfect obedience, and sacrifice of himself, which he, through the eternal Spirit, once offered up unto God, hath fully satisfied the justice of his Father;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and purchased, not only reconciliation, but an everlasting inheritance in the kingdom of heaven, for all those whom the Father hath given unto him.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 9:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 10:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For by a single offering he has perfected for all time those who are being sanctified.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 5:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And walk in love, as Christ loved us and gave himself up for us, a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God’s righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins. It was to show his righteousness at the present time, so that he might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Daniel 9:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Seventy weeks are decreed about your people and your holy city, to finish the transgression, to put an end to sin, and to atone for iniquity, to bring in everlasting righteousness, to seal both vision and prophet, and to anoint a most holy place.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 5:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>All this is from God, who through Christ reconciled us to himself and gave us the ministry of reconciliation;</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 1:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and through him to reconcile to himself all things, whether on earth or in heaven, making peace by the blood of his cross.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will,</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who is the guarantee of our inheritance until we acquire possession of it, to the praise of his glory.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 9:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 9:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred that redeems them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant.</p> </div> <h5>John 17:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">since you have given him authority over all flesh, to give eternal life to all whom you have given him.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 01 Apr 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 8.4 — Of Christ the mediator, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/31</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 8: Of Christ the Mediator</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> This office the Lord Jesus did most willingly undertake;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> which that he might discharge, he was made under the law,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and did perfectly fulfill it;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> endured most grievous torments immediately in his soul,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> and most painful sufferings in his body;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> was crucified, and died,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> was buried, and remained under the power of death, yet saw no corruption.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup> On the third day he arose from the dead,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf8">8</sup> with the same body in which he suffered,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf9">9</sup> with which also he ascended into heaven, and there sitteth at the right hand of his Father,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf10">10</sup> making intercession,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf11">11</sup> and shall return, to judge men and angels, at the end of the world.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf12">12</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 40:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Then I said, “Behold, I have come;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the scroll of the book it is written of me:<br/> I delight to do your will, O my God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your law is within my heart.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Hebrews 10:5-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Consequently, when Christ came into the world, he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Sacrifices and offerings you have not desired,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but a body have you prepared for me;<br/> in burnt offerings and sin offerings<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have taken no pleasure.<br/> Then I said, ‘Behold, I have come to do your will, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as it is written of me in the scroll of the book.’”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">When he said above, “You have neither desired nor taken pleasure in sacrifices and offerings and burnt offerings and sin offerings” (these are offered according to the law), then he added, “Behold, I have come to do your will.” He does away with the first in order to establish the second. And by that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.</p> </div> <h5>John 4:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus said to them, <span class="woc">“My food is to do the will of him who sent me and to accomplish his work.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 10:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">No one takes it from me, but I lay it down of my own accord. I have authority to lay it down, and I have authority to take it up again. This charge I have received from my Father.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Philippians 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004004.01-1">But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But Jesus answered him, <span class="woc">“Let it be so now, for thus it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness.”</span> Then he consented.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them.</span></p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 5:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Although he was a son, he learned obedience through what he suffered. And being made perfect, he became the source of eternal salvation to all who obey him,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:37-38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026037.01-1">And taking with him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, he began to be sorrowful and troubled. Then he said to them, <span class="woc">“My soul is very sorrowful, even to death; remain here, and watch with me.”</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 22:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42022044.01-2">And being in an agony he prayed more earnestly; and his sweat became like great drops of blood falling down to the ground.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 27:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40027046.01-3">And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, <span class="woc">“Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?”</span> that is, <span class="woc">“My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:67-68</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then they spit in his face and struck him. And some slapped him, saying, “Prophesy to us, you Christ! Who is it that struck you?”</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 27:27-50</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then the soldiers of the governor took Jesus into the governor’s headquarters, and they gathered the whole battalion before him. And they stripped him and put a scarlet robe on him, and twisting together a crown of thorns, they put it on his head and put a reed in his right hand. And kneeling before him, they mocked him, saying, “Hail, King of the Jews!” And they spit on him and took the reed and struck him on the head. And when they had mocked him, they stripped him of the robe and put his own clothes on him and led him away to crucify him.</p> <p>As they went out, they found a man of Cyrene, Simon by name. They compelled this man to carry his cross. And when they came to a place called Golgotha (which means Place of a Skull), they offered him wine to drink, mixed with gall, but when he tasted it, he would not drink it. And when they had crucified him, they divided his garments among them by casting lots. Then they sat down and kept watch over him there. And over his head they put the charge against him, which read, “This is Jesus, the King of the Jews.” Then two robbers were crucified with him, one on the right and one on the left. And those who passed by derided him, wagging their heads and saying, “You who would destroy the temple and rebuild it in three days, save yourself! If you are the Son of God, come down from the cross.” So also the chief priests, with the scribes and elders, mocked him, saying, “He saved others; he cannot save himself. He is the King of Israel; let him come down now from the cross, and we will believe in him. He trusts in God; let God deliver him now, if he desires him. For he said, ‘I am the Son of God.’” And the robbers who were crucified with him also reviled him in the same way.</p> <p>Now from the sixth hour there was darkness over all the land until the ninth hour. And about the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, saying, <span class="woc">“Eli, Eli, lema sabachthani?”</span> that is, <span class="woc">“My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”</span> And some of the bystanders, hearing it, said, “This man is calling Elijah.” And one of them at once ran and took a sponge, filled it with sour wine, and put it on a reed and gave it to him to drink. But the others said, “Wait, let us see whether Elijah will come to save him.” And Jesus cried out again with a loud voice and yielded up his spirit.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 15:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And they crucified him and divided his garments among them, casting lots for them, to decide what each should take.</p> </div> <h5>Mark 15:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Jesus uttered a loud cry and breathed his last.</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 27:60</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and laid it in his own new tomb, which he had cut in the rock. And he rolled a great stone to the entrance of the tomb and went away.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>God raised him up, loosing the pangs of death, because it was not possible for him to be held by it.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">For you will not abandon my soul to Hades,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or let your Holy One see corruption.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Acts 13:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when they had carried out all that was written of him, they took him down from the tree and laid him in a tomb.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 13:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">but he whom God raised up did not see corruption.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 6:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>We know that Christ, being raised from the dead, will never die again; death no longer has dominion over him.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 15:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015003.01-1">For I delivered to you as of first importance what I also received: that Christ died for our sins in accordance with the Scriptures, that he was buried, that he was raised on the third day in accordance with the Scriptures,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 24:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">See my hands and my feet, that it is I myself. Touch me, and see. For a spirit does not have flesh and bones as you see that I have.”</span></p> </div> <h5>John 20:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So the other disciples told him, “We have seen the Lord.” But he said to them, “Unless I see in his hands the mark of the nails, and place my finger into the mark of the nails, and place my hand into his side, I will never believe.”</p> </div> <h5>John 20:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then he said to Thomas, <span class="woc">“Put your finger here, and see my hands; and put out your hand, and place it in my side. Do not disbelieve, but believe.”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 24:50-51</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he led them out as far as Bethany, and lifting up his hands he blessed them. While he blessed them, he parted from them and was carried up into heaven.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 3:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who has gone into heaven and is at the right hand of God, with angels, authorities, and powers having been subjected to him.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Who is to condemn? Christ Jesus is the one who died—more than that, who was raised—who is at the right hand of God, who indeed is interceding for us.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 7:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 9:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For Christ has entered, not into holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true things, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God on our behalf.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and said, “Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into heaven? This Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way as you saw him go into heaven.”</p> </div> <h5>John 5:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Do not marvel at this, for an hour is coming when all who are in the tombs will hear his voice</span> <span class="woc">and come out, those who have done good to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil to the resurrection of judgment.</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 14:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Why do you pass judgment on your brother? Or you, why do you despise your brother? For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God;</p> </div> <h5>Acts 10:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he commanded us to preach to the people and to testify that he is the one appointed by God to be judge of the living and the dead.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 13:40-42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Just as the weeds are gathered and burned with fire, so will it be at the end of the age.</span> <span class="woc">The Son of Man will send his angels, and they will gather out of his kingdom all causes of sin and all law-breakers,</span> <span class="woc">and throw them into the fiery furnace. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.</span></p> </div> <h5>Jude 6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the angels who did not stay within their own position of authority, but left their proper dwelling, he has kept in eternal chains under gloomy darkness until the judgment of the great day—</p> </div> <h5>2 Peter 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but cast them into hell and committed them to chains of gloomy darkness to be kept until the judgment;</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 31 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 24 + WLC 43 — How doth Christ execute the office of a prophet?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/30</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 24.</span> How doth Christ execute the office of a prophet?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ executeth the office of a prophet, in revealing to us, by his Word<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and Spirit,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> the will of God for our salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 43.</span> How doth Christ execute the office of a prophet?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ executeth the office of a prophet, in his revealing to the church,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">4</sup> in all ages, by his Spirit and Word,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">5</sup> in divers ways of administration,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">6</sup> the whole will of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">7</sup> in all things concerning their edification and salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 4:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42004018.01-1"><span class="woc">“The Spirit of the Lord is upon me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because he has anointed me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to proclaim good news to the poor.<br/> He has sent me to proclaim liberty to the captives<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and recovering of sight to the blind,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to set at liberty those who are oppressed,</span><br/> <span class="woc">to proclaim the year of the Lord's favor.”</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 4:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42004021.01-2">And he began to say to them, <span class="woc">“Today this Scripture has been fulfilled in your hearing.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 1:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p44001001.07-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v44001001-3">1:1 </span>In the first book, O Theophilus, I have dealt with all that Jesus began to do and teach, until the day when he was taken up, after he had given commands through the Holy Spirit to the apostles whom he had chosen.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 2:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002003.01-4">how shall we escape if we neglect such a great salvation? It was declared at first by the Lord, and it was attested to us by those who heard,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 15:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43015026.01-1"><span class="woc">“But when the Helper comes, whom I will send to you from the Father, the Spirit of truth, who proceeds from the Father, he will bear witness about me.</span> <span class="woc">And you also will bear witness, because you have been with me from the beginning.</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 1:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44001008.01-2"><span class="woc">But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the earth.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 Peter 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001011.01-3">inquiring what person or time the Spirit of Christ in them was indicating when he predicted the sufferings of Christ and the subsequent glories.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 4:41-42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43004041.01-1">And many more believed because of his word. They said to the woman, “It is no longer because of what you said that we believe, for we have heard for ourselves, and we know that this is indeed the Savior of the world.”</p> </div><h5>John 20:30-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p43020030.06-2">Now Jesus did many other signs in the presence of the disciples, which are not written in this book; but these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001018.01-1">No one has ever seen God; the only God, who is at the Father's side, he has made him known.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 1:10-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001010.01-1">Concerning this salvation, the prophets who prophesied about the grace that was to be yours searched and inquired carefully, inquiring what person or time the Spirit of Christ in them was indicating when he predicted the sufferings of Christ and the subsequent glories. It was revealed to them that they were serving not themselves but you, in the things that have now been announced to you through those who preached the good news to you by the Holy Spirit sent from heaven, things into which angels long to look.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 1:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p58001001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v58001001-1">1:1 </span>Long ago, at many times and in many ways, God spoke to our fathers by the prophets, but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed the heir of all things, through whom also he created the world.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 15:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43015015.01-1"><span class="woc">No longer do I call you servants, for the servant does not know what his master is doing; but I have called you friends, for all that I have heard from my Father I have made known to you.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 20:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44020032.01-1">And now I commend you to God and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up and to give you the inheritance among all those who are sanctified.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:11-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004011.01-2">And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ, until we all attain to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to mature manhood, to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ,</p> </div><h5>John 20:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43020031.01-3">but these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 23 + WLC 42 — What offices doth Christ execute as our redeemer?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/29</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 23.</span> What offices doth Christ execute as our redeemer?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ, as our Redeemer, executeth the offices of a prophet,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> of a priest,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> and of a king,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> both in his estate of humiliation and exaltation.</p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 42.</span> Why was our Mediator called Christ?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Our Mediator was called Christ, because he was anointed with the Holy Ghost above measure;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">4</sup> and so set apart, and fully furnished with all authority and ability,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">5</sup> to execute the offices of prophet,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">6</sup> priest,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">7</sup> and king of his church,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">8</sup> in the estate both of his humiliation and exaltation.</p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 18:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05018018.01-1">I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among their brothers. And I will put my words in his mouth, and he shall speak to them all that I command him.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002033.01-2">Being therefore exalted at the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out this that you yourselves are seeing and hearing.</p> </div><h5>Acts 3:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44003022.01-3">Moses said, ‘The Lord God will raise up for you a prophet like me from your brothers. You shall listen to him in whatever he tells you. And it shall be that every soul who does not listen to that prophet shall be destroyed from the people.’</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 1:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p58001001.06-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v58001001-4">1:1 </span>Long ago, at many times and in many ways, God spoke to our fathers by the prophets, but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed the heir of all things, through whom also he created the world.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 4:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58004014.06-1">Since then we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus, the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession. For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who in every respect has been tempted as we are, yet without sin.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 5:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58005005.01-2">So also Christ did not exalt himself to be made a high priest, but was appointed by him who said to him,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58005005.23-2">“You are my Son,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>today I have begotten you”;</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p58005006.01-2">as he says also in another place,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58005006.08-2">“You are a priest forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>after the order of Melchizedek.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 9:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23009006.01-1">For to us a child is born,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to us a son is given;<br/> and the government shall be upon his shoulder,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his name shall be called<br/> Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.<br/>  Of the increase of his government and of peace<br/> <span class="indent"></span>there will be no end,<br/> on the throne of David and over his kingdom,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to establish it and to uphold it<br/> with justice and with righteousness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from this time forth and forevermore.<br/> The zeal of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts will do this.</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 1:32-33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42001032.01-2">He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. And the Lord God will give to him the throne of his father David, and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end.”</p> </div><h5>John 18:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43018037.01-3">Then Pilate said to him, “So you are a king?” Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“You say that I am a king. For this purpose I was born and for this purpose I have come into the world—to bear witness to the truth. Everyone who is of the truth listens to my voice.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 15:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015025.01-4">For he must reign until he has put all his enemies under his feet.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40003016.01-1">And when Jesus was baptized, immediately he went up from the water, and behold, the heavens were opened to him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and coming to rest on him;</p> </div><h5>Acts 10:37-38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44010037.01-2">you yourselves know what happened throughout all Judea, beginning from Galilee after the baptism that John proclaimed: how God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and with power. He went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil, for God was with him.</p> </div><h5>John 3:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003034.01-3">For he whom God has sent utters the words of God, for he gives the Spirit without measure.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 45:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19045007.01-4"><span class="indent"></span>you have loved righteousness and hated wickedness.<br/> Therefore God, your God, has anointed you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>with the oil of gladness beyond your companions;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 6:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006027.01-1"><span class="woc">Do not labor for the food that perishes, but for the food that endures to eternal life, which the Son of Man will give to you. For on him God the Father has set his seal.”</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 28:18-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028018.01-2">And Jesus came and said to them, <span class="woc">“All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me.</span> <span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 1:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001003.01-3">concerning his Son, who was descended from David according to the flesh and was declared to be the Son of God in power according to the Spirit of holiness by his resurrection from the dead, Jesus Christ our Lord,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 3:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44003021.01-1">whom heaven must receive until the time for restoring all the things about which God spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets long ago. Moses said, ‘The Lord God will raise up for you a prophet like me from your brothers. You shall listen to him in whatever he tells you.</p> </div><h5>Luke 4:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42004018.01-2"><span class="woc">“The Spirit of the Lord is upon me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because he has anointed me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to proclaim good news to the poor.<br/> He has sent me to proclaim liberty to the captives<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and recovering of sight to the blind,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to set at liberty those who are oppressed,</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 4:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42004021.01-3">And he began to say to them, <span class="woc">“Today this Scripture has been fulfilled in your hearing.”</span></p> </div><h5>Hebrews 1:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p58001001.06-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v58001001-4">1:1 </span>Long ago, at many times and in many ways, God spoke to our fathers by the prophets, but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed the heir of all things, through whom also he created the world.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 18:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05018018.01-5">I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among their brothers. And I will put my words in his mouth, and he shall speak to them all that I command him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 5:5-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58005005.01-1">So also Christ did not exalt himself to be made a high priest, but was appointed by him who said to him,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58005005.23-1">“You are my Son,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>today I have begotten you”;</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p58005006.01-1">as he says also in another place,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58005006.08-1">“You are a priest forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>after the order of Melchizedek.”</p> </div> <p id="p58005007.01-1">In the days of his flesh, Jesus offered up prayers and supplications, with loud cries and tears, to him who was able to save him from death, and he was heard because of his reverence.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 4:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58004014.06-2">Since then we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus, the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession. For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who in every respect has been tempted as we are, yet without sin.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 2:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19002006.01-1">“As for me, I have set my King<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on Zion, my holy hill.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 1:32-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42001032.01-2">He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. And the Lord God will give to him the throne of his father David, and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end.”</p> <p id="p42001034.01-2">And Mary said to the angel, “How will this be, since I am a virgin?”</p> </div><h5>John 18:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43018037.01-3">Then Pilate said to him, “So you are a king?” Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“You say that I am a king. For this purpose I was born and for this purpose I have come into the world—to bear witness to the truth. Everyone who is of the truth listens to my voice.”</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 21:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40021005.01-4">“Say to the daughter of Zion,<br/> ‘Behold, your king is coming to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>humble, and mounted on a donkey,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and on a colt, the foal of a beast of burden.’”</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 9:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23009006.01-5">For to us a child is born,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to us a son is given;<br/> and the government shall be upon his shoulder,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his name shall be called<br/> Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.<br/>  Of the increase of his government and of peace<br/> <span class="indent"></span>there will be no end,<br/> on the throne of David and over his kingdom,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to establish it and to uphold it<br/> with justice and with righteousness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from this time forth and forevermore.<br/> The zeal of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts will do this.</p> </div> </div><h5>Philippians 2:8-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002008.01-6">And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross. Therefore God has highly exalted him and bestowed on him the name that is above every name, so that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 29 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 8.3 — Of Christ the mediator, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/28</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 8: Of Christ the Mediator</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> The Lord Jesus, in his human nature thus united to the divine, was sanctified, and anointed with the Holy Spirit, above measure,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> having in him all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> in whom it pleased the Father that all fullness should dwell;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> to the end that, being holy, harmless, undefiled, and full of grace and truth,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> he might be thoroughly furnished to execute the office of a mediator, and surety.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> Which office he took not unto himself, but was thereunto called by his Father,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> who put all power and judgment into his hand, and gave him commandment to execute the same.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 45:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="indent"></span>you have loved righteousness and hated wickedness.<br/> Therefore God, your God, has anointed you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>with the oil of gladness beyond your companions;</p> </div> </div> <h5>John 3:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For he whom God has sent utters the words of God, for he gives the Spirit without measure.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 61:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The Spirit of the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span> is upon me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has anointed me<br/> to bring good news to the poor;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has sent me to bind up the brokenhearted,<br/> to proclaim liberty to the captives,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the opening of the prison to those who are bound;</p> </div> </div> <h5>Luke 4:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">“The Spirit of the Lord is upon me,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">because he has anointed me</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">to proclaim good news to the poor.</span><br/> <span class="woc">He has sent me to proclaim liberty to the captives</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">and recovering of sight to the blind,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">to set at liberty those who are oppressed,</span></p> </div> </div> <h5>Hebrews 1:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">But of the Son he says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Your throne, O God, is forever and ever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the scepter of uprightness is the scepter of your kingdom.<br/> You have loved righteousness and hated wickedness;<br/> therefore God, your God, has anointed you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>with the oil of gladness beyond your companions.”</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 2:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002003.01-1">in whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 1:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001019.01-1">For in him all the fullness of God was pleased to dwell,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 7:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007026.01-1">For it was indeed fitting that we should have such a high priest, holy, innocent, unstained, separated from sinners, and exalted above the heavens.</p> </div><h5>John 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001014.01-2">And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 10:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44010038.01-1">how God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and with power. He went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil, for God was with him.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 12:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012024.01-2">and to Jesus, the mediator of a new covenant, and to the sprinkled blood that speaks a better word than the blood of Abel.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 7:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p58007022.01-3">This makes Jesus the guarantor of a better covenant.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 5:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58005004.01-1">And no one takes this honor for himself, but only when called by God, just as Aaron was.</p> <p id="p58005005.01-1">So also Christ did not exalt himself to be made a high priest, but was appointed by him who said to him,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58005005.23-1">“You are my Son,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>today I have begotten you”;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 5:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43005022.01-1"><span class="woc">The Father judges no one, but has given all judgment to the Son,</span></p> </div><h5>John 5:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43005027.01-2"><span class="woc">And he has given him authority to execute judgment, because he is the Son of Man.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 28:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028018.01-3">And Jesus came and said to them, <span class="woc">“All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me.</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 2:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p44002036.01-4">Let all the house of Israel therefore know for certain that God has made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 41 — Why was our mediator called Jesus?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/27</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 41.</span> Why was our Mediator called Jesus?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Our Mediator was called Jesus, because he saveth his people from their sins.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 1:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40001021.01-1">She will bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus, for he will save his people from their sins.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 40 — Why was it requisite that the mediator should be God and man in one person?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/26</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 40.</span> Why was it requisite that the Mediator should be God and man in one person?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> It was requisite that the Mediator, who was to reconcile God and man, should himself be both God and man, and this in one person, that the proper works of each nature might be accepted of God for us,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and relied on by us, as the works of the whole person.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 1:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40001021.01-1">She will bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus, for he will save his people from their sins.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 1:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40001023.01-2">“Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a son,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and they shall call his name Immanuel”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p40001023.17-2">(which means, God with us).</p> </div><h5>Matthew 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40003017.01-3">and behold, a voice from heaven said, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.”</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009014.01-4">how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 2:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002006.01-1">For it stands in Scripture:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p60002006.06-1">“Behold, I am laying in Zion a stone,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a cornerstone chosen and precious,<br/> and whoever believes in him will not be put to shame.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 39 — Why was it requisite that the mediator should be man?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/25</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 39.</span> Why was it requisite that the Mediator should be man?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> It was requisite that the Mediator should be man, that he might advance our nature,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> perform obedience to the law,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> suffer and make intercession for us in our nature,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> have a fellow feeling of our infirmities;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> that we might receive the adoption of sons,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> and have comfort and access with boldness unto the throne of grace.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 2:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002016.01-1">For surely it is not angels that he helps, but he helps the offspring of Abraham.</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61001004.01-2">by which he has granted to us his precious and very great promises, so that through them you may become partakers of the divine nature, having escaped from the corruption that is in the world because of sinful desire.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004004.01-1">But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law,</p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005017.07-2"><span class="woc">“Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them.</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005019.01-3">For as by the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man's obedience the many will be made righteous.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002008.01-4">And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002014.01-1">Since therefore the children share in flesh and blood, he himself likewise partook of the same things, that through death he might destroy the one who has the power of death, that is, the devil,</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 7:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007024.01-2">but he holds his priesthood permanently, because he continues forever. Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 4:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58004015.01-1">For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who in every respect has been tempted as we are, yet without sin.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 4:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004005.01-1">to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive adoption as sons.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58004016.01-1">Let us then with confidence draw near to the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 38 — Why was it requisite that the mediator should be God?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/24</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 38.</span> Why was it requisite that the Mediator should be God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> It was requisite that the Mediator should be God, that he might sustain and keep the human nature from sinking under the infinite wrath of God, and the power of death;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> give worth and efficacy to his sufferings, obedience, and intercession;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and to satisfy God's justice,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> procure his favor,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> purchase a peculiar people,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> give his Spirit to them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> conquer all their enemies,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> and bring them to everlasting salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002024.01-1">God raised him up, loosing the pangs of death, because it was not possible for him to be held by it. For David says concerning him,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44002025.06-1">“‘I saw the Lord always before me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he is at my right hand that I may not be shaken;</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001004.01-2">and was declared to be the Son of God in power according to the Spirit of holiness by his resurrection from the dead, Jesus Christ our Lord,</p> </div><h5>Romans 4:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004025.01-3">who was delivered up for our trespasses and raised for our justification.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009014.01-4">how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 20:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44020028.01-1">Pay careful attention to yourselves and to all the flock, in which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers, to care for the church of God, which he obtained with his own blood.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009014.01-2">how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 7:25-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007025.01-3">Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them.</p> <p id="p58007026.01-3">For it was indeed fitting that we should have such a high priest, holy, innocent, unstained, separated from sinners, and exalted above the heavens. He has no need, like those high priests, to offer sacrifices daily, first for his own sins and then for those of the people, since he did this once for all when he offered up himself. For the law appoints men in their weakness as high priests, but the word of the oath, which came later than the law, appoints a Son who has been made perfect forever.</p> </div><h5>John 17</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p43017001.05-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v43017001-4">17:1 </span>When Jesus had spoken these words, he lifted up his eyes to heaven, and said, <span class="woc">“Father, the hour has come; glorify your Son that the Son may glorify you,</span> <span class="woc">since you have given him authority over all flesh, to give eternal life to all whom you have given him.</span> <span class="woc">And this is eternal life, that they know you the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom you have sent.</span> <span class="woc">I glorified you on earth, having accomplished the work that you gave me to do.</span> <span class="woc">And now, Father, glorify me in your own presence with the glory that I had with you before the world existed.</span></p> <p id="p43017006.01-4"><span class="woc">“I have manifested your name to the people whom you gave me out of the world. Yours they were, and you gave them to me, and they have kept your word.</span> <span class="woc">Now they know that everything that you have given me is from you.</span> <span class="woc">For I have given them the words that you gave me, and they have received them and have come to know in truth that I came from you; and they have believed that you sent me.</span> <span class="woc">I am praying for them. I am not praying for the world but for those whom you have given me, for they are yours.</span> <span class="woc">All mine are yours, and yours are mine, and I am glorified in them.</span> <span class="woc">And I am no longer in the world, but they are in the world, and I am coming to you. Holy Father, keep them in your name, which you have given me, that they may be one, even as we are one.</span> <span class="woc">While I was with them, I kept them in your name, which you have given me. I have guarded them, and not one of them has been lost except the son of destruction, that the Scripture might be fulfilled.</span> <span class="woc">But now I am coming to you, and these things I speak in the world, that they may have my joy fulfilled in themselves.</span> <span class="woc">I have given them your word, and the world has hated them because they are not of the world, just as I am not of the world.</span> <span class="woc">I do not ask that you take them out of the world, but that you keep them from the evil one.</span> <span class="woc">They are not of the world, just as I am not of the world.</span> <span class="woc">Sanctify them in the truth; your word is truth.</span> <span class="woc">As you sent me into the world, so I have sent them into the world.</span> <span class="woc">And for their sake I consecrate myself, that they also may be sanctified in truth.</span></p> <p id="p43017020.01-4"><span class="woc">“I do not ask for these only, but also for those who will believe in me through their word,</span> <span class="woc">that they may all be one, just as you, Father, are in me, and I in you, that they also may be in us, so that the world may believe that you have sent me.</span> <span class="woc">The glory that you have given me I have given to them, that they may be one even as we are one,</span> <span class="woc">I in them and you in me, that they may become perfectly one, so that the world may know that you sent me and loved them even as you loved me.</span> <span class="woc">Father, I desire that they also, whom you have given me, may be with me where I am, to see my glory that you have given me because you loved me before the foundation of the world.</span> <span class="woc">O righteous Father, even though the world does not know you, I know you, and these know that you have sent me.</span> <span class="woc">I made known to them your name, and I will continue to make it known, that the love with which you have loved me may be in them, and I in them.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:24-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003024.01-1">and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God's righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins. It was to show his righteousness at the present time, so that he might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001006.01-1">to the praise of his glorious grace, with which he has blessed us in the Beloved.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40003017.01-2">and behold, a voice from heaven said, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 2:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56002013.01-1">waiting for our blessed hope, the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ, who gave himself for us to redeem us from all lawlessness and to purify for himself a people for his own possession who are zealous for good works.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004006.01-1">And because you are sons, God has sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, “Abba! Father!”</p> </div><h5>John 15:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43015026.01-2"><span class="woc">“But when the Helper comes, whom I will send to you from the Father, the Spirit of truth, who proceeds from the Father, he will bear witness about me.</span></p> </div><h5>John 16:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43016007.01-3"><span class="woc">Nevertheless, I tell you the truth: it is to your advantage that I go away, for if I do not go away, the Helper will not come to you. But if I go, I will send him to you.</span></p> </div><h5>John 14:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43014026.01-4"><span class="woc">But the Helper, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in my name, he will teach you all things and bring to your remembrance all that I have said to you.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 1:68-69</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42001068.01-1">“Blessed be the Lord God of Israel,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he has visited and redeemed his people<br/>  and has raised up a horn of salvation for us<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the house of his servant David,</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 1:71</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42001071.01-2">that we should be saved from our enemies<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and from the hand of all who hate us;</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 1:74</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42001074.01-3"><span class="indent"></span>that we, being delivered from the hand of our enemies,<br/> might serve him without fear,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 5:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58005008.01-1">Although he was a son, he learned obedience through what he suffered. And being made perfect, he became the source of eternal salvation to all who obey him,</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:11-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58009011.07-2">But when Christ appeared as a high priest of the good things that have come, then through the greater and more perfect tent (not made with hands, that is, not of this creation) he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption. For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the sprinkling of defiled persons with the ashes of a heifer, sanctify for the purification of the flesh, how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.</p> <p id="p58009015.01-2">Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred that redeems them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 22 + WLC 37 — How did Christ, being the Son of God, become man?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/23</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 22.</span> How did Christ, being the Son of God, become man?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ, the Son of God, became man, by taking to himself a true body, and a reasonable soul,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> being conceived by the power of the Holy Ghost, in the womb of the Virgin Mary, and born of her,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> yet without sin.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 37.</span> How did Christ, being the Son of God, become man?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ the Son of God became man, by taking to himself a true body, and a reasonable soul,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">4</sup> being conceived by the power of the Holy Ghost in the womb of the virgin Mary, of her substance, and born of her,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">5</sup> yet without sin.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002007.01-1">but made himself nothing, taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002014.01-2">Since therefore the children share in flesh and blood, he himself likewise partook of the same things, that through death he might destroy the one who has the power of death, that is, the devil,</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002017.01-3">Therefore he had to be made like his brothers in every respect, so that he might become a merciful and faithful high priest in the service of God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 1:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42001027.01-1">to a virgin betrothed to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David. And the virgin's name was Mary.</p> </div><h5>Luke 1:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42001031.01-2">And behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus.</p> </div><h5>Luke 1:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42001035.01-3">And the angel answered her, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore the child to be born will be called holy—the Son of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 5:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005021.01-1">For our sake he made him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 4:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58004015.01-2">For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who in every respect has been tempted as we are, yet without sin.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 7:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007026.01-3">For it was indeed fitting that we should have such a high priest, holy, innocent, unstained, separated from sinners, and exalted above the heavens.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003005.01-4">You know that he appeared to take away sins, and in him there is no sin.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001014.01-1">And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 26:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026038.01-2">Then he said to them, <span class="woc">“My soul is very sorrowful, even to death; remain here, and watch with me.”</span></p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002007.01-3">but made himself nothing, taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 2:14-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002014.01-4">Since therefore the children share in flesh and blood, he himself likewise partook of the same things, that through death he might destroy the one who has the power of death, that is, the devil, and deliver all those who through fear of death were subject to lifelong slavery. For surely it is not angels that he helps, but he helps the offspring of Abraham. Therefore he had to be made like his brothers in every respect, so that he might become a merciful and faithful high priest in the service of God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people.</p> </div><h5>Luke 2:40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42002040.01-5">And the child grew and became strong, filled with wisdom. And the favor of God was upon him.</p> </div><h5>Luke 2:52</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42002052.01-6">And Jesus increased in wisdom and in stature and in favor with God and man.</p> </div><h5>John 11:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43011033.01-7">When Jesus saw her weeping, and the Jews who had come with her also weeping, he was deeply moved in his spirit and greatly troubled.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 1:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42001027.01-1">to a virgin betrothed to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David. And the virgin's name was Mary.</p> </div><h5>Luke 1:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42001031.01-2">And behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus.</p> </div><h5>Luke 1:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42001035.01-3">And the angel answered her, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore the child to be born will be called holy—the Son of God.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004004.01-4">But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 4:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58004015.01-1">For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who in every respect has been tempted as we are, yet without sin.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 7:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007026.01-2">For it was indeed fitting that we should have such a high priest, holy, innocent, unstained, separated from sinners, and exalted above the heavens.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 5:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005021.01-3">For our sake he made him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003005.01-4">You know that he appeared to take away sins, and in him there is no sin.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 21 + WLC 36 — Who is the redeemer of God's elect?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/22</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 21.</span> Who is the redeemer of God's elect?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The only Redeemer of God's elect is the Lord Jesus Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> who, being the eternal Son of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> became man,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> and so was, and continueth to be, God and man in two distinct natures, and one person, forever.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 36.</span> Who is the Mediator of the covenant of grace?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The only Mediator of the covenant of grace is the Lord Jesus Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">5</sup> who, being the eternal Son of God, of one substance and equal with the Father,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">6</sup> in the fullness of time became man,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">7</sup> and so was and continues to be God and man, in two entire distinct natures, and one person, forever.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 14:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43014006.01-1">Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44004012.01-2">And there is salvation in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given among men by which we must be saved.”</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 2:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54002005.01-3">For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus, who gave himself as a ransom for all, which is the testimony given at the proper time.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19002007.01-1">I will tell of the decree:<br/> The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to me, “You are my Son;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>today I have begotten you.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40003017.01-2">and behold, a voice from heaven said, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 17:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40017005.01-3">He was still speaking when, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them, and a voice from the cloud said, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased; listen to him.”</p> </div><h5>John 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001018.01-4">No one has ever seen God; the only God, who is at the Father's side, he has made him known.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 9:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23009006.01-1">For to us a child is born,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to us a son is given;<br/> and the government shall be upon his shoulder,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his name shall be called<br/> Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 1:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40001023.01-2">“Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a son,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and they shall call his name Immanuel”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p40001023.17-2">(which means, God with us).</p> </div><h5>John 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001014.01-3">And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004004.01-4">But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44001011.01-1">and said, “Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into heaven? This Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way as you saw him go into heaven.”</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 7:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007024.01-2">but he holds his priesthood permanently, because he continues forever. Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54002005.01-1">For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus,</p> </div><h5>John 14:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43014006.01-2">Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44004012.01-3">And there is salvation in no one else, for there is no other name under heaven given among men by which we must be saved.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p43001001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v43001001-1">1:1 </span>In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.</p> </div><h5>John 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001014.01-2">And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.</p> </div><h5>John 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001018.01-3">No one has ever seen God; the only God, who is at the Father's side, he has made him known.</p> </div><h5>John 10:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43010030.01-4"><span class="woc">I and the Father are one.”</span></p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002006.01-5">who, though he was in the form of God, did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19002007.01-6">I will tell of the decree:<br/> The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to me, “You are my Son;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>today I have begotten you.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40003017.01-7">and behold, a voice from heaven said, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 17:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40017005.01-8">He was still speaking when, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them, and a voice from the cloud said, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased; listen to him.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004004.01-1">But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law,</p> </div><h5>Matthew 1:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40001023.01-2">“Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a son,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and they shall call his name Immanuel”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p40001023.17-2">(which means, God with us).</p> </div><h5>John 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001014.01-3">And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 1:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42001035.01-1">And the angel answered her, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore the child to be born will be called holy—the Son of God.</p> </div><h5>Acts 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44001011.01-2">and said, “Men of Galilee, why do you stand looking into heaven? This Jesus, who was taken up from you into heaven, will come in the same way as you saw him go into heaven.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 9:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009005.01-3">To them belong the patriarchs, and from their race, according to the flesh, is the Christ who is God over all, blessed forever. Amen.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 2:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002009.01-4">For in him the whole fullness of deity dwells bodily,</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 7:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007024.01-5">but he holds his priesthood permanently, because he continues forever. Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 13:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58013008.01-6">Jesus Christ is the same yesterday and today and forever.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:5-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002005.01-7">Have this mind among yourselves, which is yours in Christ Jesus, who, though he was in the form of God, did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped, but made himself nothing, taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men. And being found in human form, he humbled himself by becoming obedient to the point of death, even death on a cross. Therefore God has highly exalted him and bestowed on him the name that is above every name, so that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 22 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 8.2 — Of Christ the mediator, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/21</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 8: Of Christ the Mediator</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> The Son of God, the second person in the Trinity, being very and eternal God, of one substance and equal with the Father, did, when the fullness of time was come, take upon him man's nature,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> with all the essential properties, and common infirmities thereof, yet without sin;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> being conceived by the power of the Holy Ghost, in the womb of the virgin Mary, of her substance.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> So that two whole, perfect, and distinct natures, the Godhead and the manhood, were inseparably joined together in one person, without conversion, composition, or confusion.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> Which person is very God, and very man, yet one Christ, the only Mediator between God and man.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p43001001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v43001001-1">1:1 </span>In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.</p> </div><h5>John 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001014.01-2">And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.</p> </div><h5>1 John 5:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62005020.01-3">And we know that the Son of God has come and has given us understanding, so that we may know him who is true; and we are in him who is true, in his Son Jesus Christ. He is the true God and eternal life.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 2:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50002006.01-4">who, though he was in the form of God, did not count equality with God a thing to be grasped,</p> </div><h5>Galatians 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004004.01-5">But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but emptied himself, by taking the form of a servant, being born in the likeness of men.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Since therefore the children share in flesh and blood, he himself likewise partook of the same things, that through death he might destroy the one who has the power of death, that is, the devil,</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 2:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For surely it is not angels that he helps, but he helps the offspring of Abraham. Therefore he had to be made like his brothers in every respect, so that he might become a merciful and faithful high priest in the service of God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 4:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who in every respect has been tempted as we are, yet without sin.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 1:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>to a virgin betrothed to a man whose name was Joseph, of the house of David. And the virgin’s name was Mary.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 1:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 1:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the angel answered her, “The Holy Spirit will come upon you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you; therefore the child to be born will be called holy—the Son of God.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But when the fullness of time had come, God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law,</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now the birth of Jesus Christ took place in this way. When his mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found to be with child from the Holy Spirit.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 1:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But as he considered these things, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, “Joseph, son of David, do not fear to take Mary as your wife, for that which is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit. She will bear a son, and you shall call his name Jesus, for he will save his people from their sins.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 16:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Simon Peter replied, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.”</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 2:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For in him the whole fullness of deity dwells bodily,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 9:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>To them belong the patriarchs, and from their race, according to the flesh, is the Christ, who is God over all, blessed forever. Amen.</p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Great indeed, we confess, is the mystery of godliness:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">He was manifested in the flesh,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>vindicated by the Spirit,<br/> seen by angels,<br/> proclaimed among the nations,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>believed on in the world,<br/> taken up in glory.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>concerning his Son, who was descended from David according to the flesh and was declared to be the Son of God in power according to the Spirit of holiness by his resurrection from the dead, Jesus Christ our Lord,</p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 21 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 8.1 — Of Christ the mediator, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/20</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 8: Of Christ the Mediator</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> It pleased God, in his eternal purpose, to choose and ordain the Lord Jesus, his only begotten Son, to be the Mediator between God and man,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> the Prophet,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> Priest,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and King,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> the Head and Savior of his church,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> the Heir of all things,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> and Judge of the world:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup> unto whom he did from all eternity give a people, to be his seed,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf8">8</sup> and to be by him in time redeemed, called, justified, sanctified, and glorified.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf9">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 42:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23042001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v23042001-1">42:1 </span>Behold my servant, whom I uphold,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my chosen, in whom my soul delights;<br/> I have put my Spirit upon him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he will bring forth justice to the nations.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Peter 1:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001019.01-2">but with the precious blood of Christ, like that of a lamb without blemish or spot. He was foreknown before the foundation of the world but was made manifest in the last times for the sake of you</p> </div><h5>John 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p43003016.07-3"><span class="woc">“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54002005.01-4">For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 3:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that times of refreshing may come from the presence of the Lord, and that he may send the Christ appointed for you, Jesus,</p> </div> <h5>Acts 3:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Moses said, ‘The Lord God will raise up for you a prophet like me from your brothers. You shall listen to him in whatever he tells you.</p> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 18:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you, from your brothers—it is to him you shall listen—</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 5:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58005005.01-1">So also Christ did not exalt himself to be made a high priest, but was appointed by him who said to him,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58005005.23-1">“You are my Son,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>today I have begotten you”;</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p58005006.01-1">as he says also in another place,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58005006.08-1">“You are a priest forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>after the order of Melchizedek.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 2:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“As for me, I have set my King<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on Zion, my holy hill.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Luke 1:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end.”</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 9:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">For every boot of the tramping warrior in battle tumult<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and every garment rolled in blood<br/> <span class="indent"></span>will be burned as fuel for the fire.<br/> For to us a child is born,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to us a son is given;<br/> and the government shall be upon his shoulder,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his name shall be called<br/> Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Acts 2:29-36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Brothers, I may say to you with confidence about the patriarch David that he both died and was buried, and his tomb is with us to this day. Being therefore a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him that he would set one of his descendants on his throne, he foresaw and spoke about the resurrection of the Christ, that he was not abandoned to Hades, nor did his flesh see corruption. This Jesus God raised up, and of that we all are witnesses. Being therefore exalted at the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out this that you yourselves are seeing and hearing. For David did not ascend into the heavens, but he himself says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“‘The Lord said to my Lord,<br/> “Sit at my right hand,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>until I make your enemies your footstool.”’</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">Let all the house of Israel therefore know for certain that God has made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified.”</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 1:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He has delivered us from the domain of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of his beloved Son,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005023.01-1">For the husband is the head of the wife even as Christ is the head of the church, his body, and is himself its Savior.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed the heir of all things, through whom also he created the world.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 17:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017031.01-1">because he has fixed a day on which he will judge the world in righteousness by a man whom he has appointed; and of this he has given assurance to all by raising him from the dead.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 17:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“I have manifested your name to the people whom you gave me out of the world. Yours they were, and you gave them to me, and they have kept your word.</span></p> </div> <h5>Psalm 22:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Posterity shall serve him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>it shall be told of the Lord to the coming generation;</p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 53:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Yet it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to crush him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has put him to grief;<br/> when his soul makes an offering for guilt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days;<br/> the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall prosper in his hand.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before him. In love</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 2:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who gave himself as a ransom for all, which is the testimony given at the proper time.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 55:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Behold, I made him a witness to the peoples,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a leader and commander for the peoples.<br/> Behold, you shall call a nation that you do not know,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a nation that did not know you shall run to you,<br/> because of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, and of the Holy One of Israel,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he has glorified you.</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 1:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And because of him you are in Christ Jesus, who became to us wisdom from God, righteousness and sanctification and redemption,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And those whom he predestined he also called, and those whom he called he also justified, and those whom he justified he also glorified.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 20 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 35 — How is the covenant of grace administered under the New Testament?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/19</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 35.</span> How is the covenant of grace administered under the new testament?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Under the new testament, when Christ the substance was exhibited, the same covenant of grace was and still is to be administered in the preaching of the Word,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and the administration of the sacraments of baptism<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and the Lord's Supper;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> in which grace and salvation are held forth in more fullness, evidence, and efficacy, to all nations.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 24:47-48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42024047.01-1"><span class="woc">and that repentance and forgiveness of sins should be proclaimed in his name to all nations, beginning from Jerusalem.</span> <span class="woc">You are witnesses of these things.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-2"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-1"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026028.01-1"><span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:23-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011023.01-2">For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45001016.07-1">For I am not ashamed of the gospel, for it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 3:6-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47003006.01-2">who has made us competent to be ministers of a new covenant, not of the letter but of the Spirit. For the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life.</p> <p id="p47003007.01-2">Now if the ministry of death, carved in letters on stone, came with such glory that the Israelites could not gaze at Moses' face because of its glory, which was being brought to an end, will not the ministry of the Spirit have even more glory? For if there was glory in the ministry of condemnation, the ministry of righteousness must far exceed it in glory.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 8:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58008006.01-3">But as it is, Christ has obtained a ministry that is as much more excellent than the old as the covenant he mediates is better, since it is enacted on better promises.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 8:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58008010.01-4">For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel<br/> <span class="indent"></span>after those days, declares the Lord:<br/> I will put my laws into their minds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and write them on their hearts,<br/> and I will be their God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and they shall be my people.<br/>  And they shall not teach, each one his neighbor<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and each one his brother, saying, ‘Know the Lord,’<br/> for they shall all know me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from the least of them to the greatest.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-5"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div><h5>Ephesians 3:1-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49003001.07-6"><span class="chapter-num" id="v49003001-6">3:1 </span>For this reason I, Paul, a prisoner for Christ Jesus on behalf of you Gentiles— assuming that you have heard of the stewardship of God's grace that was given to me for you, how the mystery was made known to me by revelation, as I have written briefly. When you read this, you can perceive my insight into the mystery of Christ, which was not made known to the sons of men in other generations as it has now been revealed to his holy apostles and prophets by the Spirit. This mystery is that the Gentiles are fellow heirs, members of the same body, and partakers of the promise in Christ Jesus through the gospel.</p> <p id="p49003007.01-6">Of this gospel I was made a minister according to the gift of God's grace, which was given me by the working of his power. To me, though I am the very least of all the saints, this grace was given, to preach to the Gentiles the unsearchable riches of Christ, and to bring to light for everyone what is the plan of the mystery hidden for ages in God who created all things, so that through the church the manifold wisdom of God might now be made known to the rulers and authorities in the heavenly places. This was according to the eternal purpose that he has realized in Christ Jesus our Lord, in whom we have boldness and access with confidence through our faith in him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 19 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 7.6 — Of God's covenant with man, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/18</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 7: Of God's Covenant with Man</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> Under the gospel, when Christ, the substance,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> was exhibited, the ordinances in which this covenant is dispensed are the preaching of the Word, and the administration of the sacraments of baptism and the Lord's Supper:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> which, though fewer in number, and administered with more simplicity, and less outward glory, yet, in them, it is held forth in more fullness, evidence and spiritual efficacy,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> to all nations, both Jews and Gentiles;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> and is called the new testament.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> There are not therefore two covenants of grace, differing in substance, but one and the same, under various dispensations.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>These are a shadow of the things to come, but the substance belongs to Christ.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 1:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">For since, in the wisdom of God, the world did not know God through wisdom, it pleased God through the folly of what we preach to save those who believe.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 11:23-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body, which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 12:22-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to innumerable angels in festal gathering, and to the assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect, and to Jesus, the mediator of a new covenant, and to the sprinkled blood that speaks a better word than the blood of Abel.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 3:9-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For if there was glory in the ministry of condemnation, the ministry of righteousness must far exceed it in glory. Indeed, in this case, what once had glory has come to have no glory at all, because of the glory that surpasses it. For if what was being brought to an end came with glory, much more will what is permanent have glory.</p> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 31:33-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: I will put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts. And I will be their God, and they shall be my people. And no longer shall each one teach his neighbor and each his brother, saying, ‘Know the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,’ for they shall all know me, from the least of them to the greatest, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. For I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 2:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">a light for revelation to the Gentiles,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and for glory to your people Israel.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Acts 10:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So Peter opened his mouth and said: “Truly I understand that God shows no partiality,</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:15-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>by abolishing the law of commandments expressed in ordinances, that he might create in himself one new man in place of the two, so making peace, and might reconcile us both to God in one body through the cross, thereby killing the hostility. And he came and preached peace to you who were far off and peace to those who were near. For through him we both have access in one Spirit to the Father. So then you are no longer strangers and aliens, but you are fellow citizens with the saints and members of the household of God,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 22:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42022020.01-1">And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the Scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, preached the gospel beforehand to Abraham, saying, “In you shall all the nations be blessed.” So then, those who are of faith are blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>so that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promised Spirit through faith.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now the promises were made to Abraham and to his offspring. It does not say, “And to offsprings,” referring to many, but referring to one, “And to your offspring,” who is Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But now the righteousness of God has been manifested apart from the law, although the Law and the Prophets bear witness to it—the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all who believe. For there is no distinction:</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>since God is one—who will justify the circumcised by faith and the uncircumcised through faith.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 4:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For what does the Scripture say? “Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness.”</p> </div> <h5>Romans 4:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>just as David also speaks of the blessing of the one to whom God counts righteousness apart from works:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Blessed are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and whose sins are covered;<br/> blessed is the man against whom the Lord will not count his sin.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Genesis 15:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he believed the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and he counted it to him as righteousness.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 32:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Blessed is the one whose transgression is forgiven,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>whose sin is covered.<br/> Blessed is the man against whom the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> counts no iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and in whose spirit there is no deceit.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Romans 4:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>That is why it depends on faith, in order that the promise may rest on grace and be guaranteed to all his offspring—not only to the adherent of the law but also to the one who shares the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all, as it is written, “I have made you the father of many nations”—in the presence of the God in whom he believed, who gives life to the dead and calls into existence the things that do not exist.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 4:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the words “it was counted to him” were not written for his sake alone, but for ours also. It will be counted to us who believe in him who raised from the dead Jesus our Lord,</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For good news came to us just as to them, but the message they heard did not benefit them, because they were not united by faith with those who listened.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 10:6-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the righteousness based on faith says, “Do not say in your heart, ‘Who will ascend into heaven?’” (that is, to bring Christ down) “or ‘Who will descend into the abyss?’” (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead). But what does it say? “The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart” (that is, the word of faith that we proclaim); because, if you confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved. For with the heart one believes and is justified, and with the mouth one confesses and is saved.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 10:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and all ate the same spiritual food, and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 18 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 34 — How was the covenant of grace administered under the Old Testament?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/17</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 34.</span> How was the covenant of grace administered under the old testament?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The covenant of grace was administered under the old testament, by promises,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> prophecies,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> sacrifices,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> circumcision,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> the Passover,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> and other types and ordinances, which did all foresignify Christ then to come, and were for that time sufficient to build up the elect in faith in the promised Messiah,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> by whom they then had full remission of sin, and eternal salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 15:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45015008.08-1">For I tell you that Christ became a servant to the circumcised to show God's truthfulness, in order to confirm the promises given to the patriarchs,</p> </div><h5>Genesis 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003015.01-2">I will put enmity between you and the woman,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and between your offspring and her offspring;<br/> he shall bruise your head,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you shall bruise his heel.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Genesis 12:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p01012001.05-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v01012001-3">12:1 </span>Now the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Abram, “Go from your country and your kindred and your father's house to the land that I will show you. And I will make of you a great nation, and I will bless you and make your name great, so that you will be a blessing. I will bless those who bless you, and him who dishonors you I will curse, and in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed.”</p> </div><h5>Genesis 15:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01015005.01-4">And he brought him outside and said, “Look toward heaven, and number the stars, if you are able to number them.” Then he said to him, “So shall your offspring be.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 3:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44003020.01-1">that times of refreshing may come from the presence of the Lord, and that he may send the Christ appointed for you, Jesus,</p> </div><h5>Acts 3:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44003024.01-2">And all the prophets who have spoken, from Samuel and those who came after him, also proclaimed these days.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 52:13-53:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23052013.07-3">Behold, my servant shall act wisely;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall be high and lifted up,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shall be exalted.<br/>  As many were astonished at you—<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his appearance was so marred, beyond human semblance,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his form beyond that of the children of mankind—<br/>  so shall he sprinkle many nations;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>kings shall shut their mouths because of him;<br/> for that which has not been told them they see,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and that which they have not heard they understand.<br/> <span class="chapter-num" id="v23053001-3">53:1 </span>Who has believed what he has heard from us?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>And to whom has the arm of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> been revealed?<br/>  For he grew up before him like a young plant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and like a root out of dry ground;<br/> he had no form or majesty that we should look at him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and no beauty that we should desire him.<br/>  He was despised and rejected by men;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a man of sorrows, and acquainted with grief;<br/> and as one from whom men hide their faces<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he was despised, and we esteemed him not.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23053004.01-3">Surely he has borne our griefs<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and carried our sorrows;<br/> yet we esteemed him stricken,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>smitten by God, and afflicted.<br/>  But he was wounded for our transgressions;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he was crushed for our iniquities;<br/> upon him was the chastisement that brought us peace,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with his stripes we are healed.<br/>  All we like sheep have gone astray;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>we have turned—every one—to his own way;<br/> and the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has laid on him<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the iniquity of us all.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23053007.01-3">He was oppressed, and he was afflicted,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>yet he opened not his mouth;<br/> like a lamb that is led to the slaughter,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and like a sheep that before its shearers is silent,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so he opened not his mouth.<br/>  By oppression and judgment he was taken away;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and as for his generation, who considered<br/> that he was cut off out of the land of the living,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>stricken for the transgression of my people?<br/>  And they made his grave with the wicked<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with a rich man in his death,<br/> although he had done no violence,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and there was no deceit in his mouth.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23053010.01-3">Yet it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to crush him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has put him to grief;<br/> when his soul makes an offering for guilt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days;<br/> the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall prosper in his hand.<br/>  Out of the anguish of his soul he shall see and be satisfied;<br/> by his knowledge shall the righteous one, my servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>make many to be accounted righteous,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall bear their iniquities.<br/>  Therefore I will divide him a portion with the many,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall divide the spoil with the strong,<br/> because he poured out his soul to death<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and was numbered with the transgressors;<br/> yet he bore the sin of many,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes intercession for the transgressors.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 10:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58010001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v58010001-1">10:1 </span>For since the law has but a shadow of the good things to come instead of the true form of these realities, it can never, by the same sacrifices that are continually offered every year, make perfect those who draw near.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 1-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p03001001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v03001001-2">1:1 </span>The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> called Moses and spoke to him from the tent of meeting, saying, “Speak to the people of Israel and say to them, When any one of you brings an offering to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, you shall bring your offering of livestock from the herd or from the flock.</p> <p id="p03001003.01-2">“If his offering is a burnt offering from the herd, he shall offer a male without blemish. He shall bring it to the entrance of the tent of meeting, that he may be accepted before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. He shall lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering, and it shall be accepted for him to make atonement for him. Then he shall kill the bull before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and Aaron's sons the priests shall bring the blood and throw the blood against the sides of the altar that is at the entrance of the tent of meeting. Then he shall flay the burnt offering and cut it into pieces, and the sons of Aaron the priest shall put fire on the altar and arrange wood on the fire. And Aaron's sons the priests shall arrange the pieces, the head, and the fat, on the wood that is on the fire on the altar; but its entrails and its legs he shall wash with water. And the priest shall burn all of it on the altar, as a burnt offering, a food offering with a pleasing aroma to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> <p id="p03001010.01-2">“If his gift for a burnt offering is from the flock, from the sheep or goats, he shall bring a male without blemish, and he shall kill it on the north side of the altar before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and Aaron's sons the priests shall throw its blood against the sides of the altar. And he shall cut it into pieces, with its head and its fat, and the priest shall arrange them on the wood that is on the fire on the altar, but the entrails and the legs he shall wash with water. And the priest shall offer all of it and burn it on the altar; it is a burnt offering, a food offering with a pleasing aroma to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> <p id="p03001014.01-2">“If his offering to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is a burnt offering of birds, then he shall bring his offering of turtledoves or pigeons. And the priest shall bring it to the altar and wring off its head and burn it on the altar. Its blood shall be drained out on the side of the altar. He shall remove its crop with its contents and cast it beside the altar on the east side, in the place for ashes. He shall tear it open by its wings, but shall not sever it completely. And the priest shall burn it on the altar, on the wood that is on the fire. It is a burnt offering, a food offering with a pleasing aroma to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> <p id="p03002001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v03002001-2">2:1 </span>“When anyone brings a grain offering as an offering to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, his offering shall be of fine flour. He shall pour oil on it and put frankincense on it and bring it to Aaron's sons the priests. And he shall take from it a handful of the fine flour and oil, with all of its frankincense, and the priest shall burn this as its memorial portion on the altar, a food offering with a pleasing aroma to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. But the rest of the grain offering shall be for Aaron and his sons; it is a most holy part of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s food offerings.</p> <p id="p03002004.01-2">“When you bring a grain offering baked in the oven as an offering, it shall be unleavened loaves of fine flour mixed with oil or unleavened wafers smeared with oil. And if your offering is a grain offering baked on a griddle, it shall be of fine flour unleavened, mixed with oil. You shall break it in pieces and pour oil on it; it is a grain offering. And if your offering is a grain offering cooked in a pan, it shall be made of fine flour with oil. And you shall bring the grain offering that is made of these things to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and when it is presented to the priest, he shall bring it to the altar. And the priest shall take from the grain offering its memorial portion and burn this on the altar, a food offering with a pleasing aroma to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. But the rest of the grain offering shall be for Aaron and his sons; it is a most holy part of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s food offerings.</p> <p id="p03002011.01-2">“No grain offering that you bring to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall be made with leaven, for you shall burn no leaven nor any honey as a food offering to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. As an offering of firstfruits you may bring them to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, but they shall not be offered on the altar for a pleasing aroma. You shall season all your grain offerings with salt. You shall not let the salt of the covenant with your God be missing from your grain offering; with all your offerings you shall offer salt.</p> <p id="p03002014.01-2">“If you offer a grain offering of firstfruits to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, you shall offer for the grain offering of your firstfruits fresh ears, roasted with fire, crushed new grain. And you shall put oil on it and lay frankincense on it; it is a grain offering. And the priest shall burn as its memorial portion some of the crushed grain and some of the oil with all of its frankincense; it is a food offering to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> <p id="p03003001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v03003001-2">3:1 </span>“If his offering is a sacrifice of peace offering, if he offers an animal from the herd, male or female, he shall offer it without blemish before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. And he shall lay his hand on the head of his offering and kill it at the entrance of the tent of meeting, and Aaron's sons the priests shall throw the blood against the sides of the altar. And from the sacrifice of the peace offering, as a food offering to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, he shall offer the fat covering the entrails and all the fat that is on the entrails, and the two kidneys with the fat that is on them at the loins, and the long lobe of the liver that he shall remove with the kidneys. Then Aaron's sons shall burn it on the altar on top of the burnt offering, which is on the wood on the fire; it is a food offering with a pleasing aroma to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> <p id="p03003006.01-2">“If his offering for a sacrifice of peace offering to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is an animal from the flock, male or female, he shall offer it without blemish. If he offers a lamb for his offering, then he shall offer it before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, lay his hand on the head of his offering, and kill it in front of the tent of meeting; and Aaron's sons shall throw its blood against the sides of the altar. Then from the sacrifice of the peace offering he shall offer as a food offering to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> its fat; he shall remove the whole fat tail, cut off close to the backbone, and the fat that covers the entrails and all the fat that is on the entrails and the two kidneys with the fat that is on them at the loins and the long lobe of the liver that he shall remove with the kidneys. And the priest shall burn it on the altar as a food offering to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> <p id="p03003012.01-2">“If his offering is a goat, then he shall offer it before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and lay his hand on its head and kill it in front of the tent of meeting, and the sons of Aaron shall throw its blood against the sides of the altar. Then he shall offer from it, as his offering for a food offering to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the fat covering the entrails and all the fat that is on the entrails and the two kidneys with the fat that is on them at the loins and the long lobe of the liver that he shall remove with the kidneys. And the priest shall burn them on the altar as a food offering with a pleasing aroma. All fat is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s. It shall be a statute forever throughout your generations, in all your dwelling places, that you eat neither fat nor blood.”</p> <p id="p03004001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v03004001-2">4:1 </span>And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke to Moses, saying, “Speak to the people of Israel, saying, If anyone sins unintentionally in any of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s commandments about things not to be done, and does any one of them, if it is the anointed priest who sins, thus bringing guilt on the people, then he shall offer for the sin that he has committed a bull from the herd without blemish to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> for a sin offering. He shall bring the bull to the entrance of the tent of meeting before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and lay his hand on the head of the bull and kill the bull before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. And the anointed priest shall take some of the blood of the bull and bring it into the tent of meeting, and the priest shall dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle part of the blood seven times before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in front of the veil of the sanctuary. And the priest shall put some of the blood on the horns of the altar of fragrant incense before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> that is in the tent of meeting, and all the rest of the blood of the bull he shall pour out at the base of the altar of burnt offering that is at the entrance of the tent of meeting. And all the fat of the bull of the sin offering he shall remove from it, the fat that covers the entrails and all the fat that is on the entrails and the two kidneys with the fat that is on them at the loins and the long lobe of the liver that he shall remove with the kidneys (just as these are taken from the ox of the sacrifice of the peace offerings); and the priest shall burn them on the altar of burnt offering. But the skin of the bull and all its flesh, with its head, its legs, its entrails, and its dung— all the rest of the bull—he shall carry outside the camp to a clean place, to the ash heap, and shall burn it up on a fire of wood. On the ash heap it shall be burned up.</p> <p id="p03004013.01-2">“If the whole congregation of Israel sins unintentionally and the thing is hidden from the eyes of the assembly, and they do any one of the things that by the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s commandments ought not to be done, and they realize their guilt, when the sin which they have committed becomes known, the assembly shall offer a bull from the herd for a sin offering and bring it in front of the tent of meeting. And the elders of the congregation shall lay their hands on the head of the bull before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and the bull shall be killed before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. Then the anointed priest shall bring some of the blood of the bull into the tent of meeting, and the priest shall dip his finger in the blood and sprinkle it seven times before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in front of the veil. And he shall put some of the blood on the horns of the altar that is in the tent of meeting before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and the rest of the blood he shall pour out at the base of the altar of burnt offering that is at the entrance of the tent of meeting. And all its fat he shall take from it and burn on the altar. Thus shall he do with the bull. As he did with the bull of the sin offering, so shall he do with this. And the priest shall make atonement for them, and they shall be forgiven. And he shall carry the bull outside the camp and burn it up as he burned the first bull; it is the sin offering for the assembly.</p> <p id="p03004022.01-2">“When a leader sins, doing unintentionally any one of all the things that by the commandments of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> his God ought not to be done, and realizes his guilt, or the sin which he has committed is made known to him, he shall bring as his offering a goat, a male without blemish, and shall lay his hand on the head of the goat and kill it in the place where they kill the burnt offering before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; it is a sin offering. Then the priest shall take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger and put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering and pour out the rest of its blood at the base of the altar of burnt offering. And all its fat he shall burn on the altar, like the fat of the sacrifice of peace offerings. So the priest shall make atonement for him for his sin, and he shall be forgiven.</p> <p id="p03004027.01-2">“If anyone of the common people sins unintentionally in doing any one of the things that by the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s commandments ought not to be done, and realizes his guilt, or the sin which he has committed is made known to him, he shall bring for his offering a goat, a female without blemish, for his sin which he has committed. And he shall lay his hand on the head of the sin offering and kill the sin offering in the place of burnt offering. And the priest shall take some of its blood with his finger and put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering and pour out all the rest of its blood at the base of the altar. And all its fat he shall remove, as the fat is removed from the peace offerings, and the priest shall burn it on the altar for a pleasing aroma to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. And the priest shall make atonement for him, and he shall be forgiven.</p> <p id="p03004032.01-2">“If he brings a lamb as his offering for a sin offering, he shall bring a female without blemish and lay his hand on the head of the sin offering and kill it for a sin offering in the place where they kill the burnt offering. Then the priest shall take some of the blood of the sin offering with his finger and put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering and pour out all the rest of its blood at the base of the altar. And all its fat he shall remove as the fat of the lamb is removed from the sacrifice of peace offerings, and the priest shall burn it on the altar, on top of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s food offerings. And the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin which he has committed, and he shall be forgiven.</p> <p id="p03005001.01-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v03005001-2">5:1 </span>“If anyone sins in that he hears a public adjuration to testify, and though he is a witness, whether he has seen or come to know the matter, yet does not speak, he shall bear his iniquity; or if anyone touches an unclean thing, whether a carcass of an unclean wild animal or a carcass of unclean livestock or a carcass of unclean swarming things, and it is hidden from him and he has become unclean, and he realizes his guilt; or if he touches human uncleanness, of whatever sort the uncleanness may be with which one becomes unclean, and it is hidden from him, when he comes to know it, and realizes his guilt; or if anyone utters with his lips a rash oath to do evil or to do good, any sort of rash oath that people swear, and it is hidden from him, when he comes to know it, and he realizes his guilt in any of these; when he realizes his guilt in any of these and confesses the sin he has committed, he shall bring to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> as his compensation for the sin that he has committed, a female from the flock, a lamb or a goat, for a sin offering. And the priest shall make atonement for him for his sin.</p> <p id="p03005007.01-2">“But if he cannot afford a lamb, then he shall bring to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> as his compensation for the sin that he has committed two turtledoves or two pigeons, one for a sin offering and the other for a burnt offering. He shall bring them to the priest, who shall offer first the one for the sin offering. He shall wring its head from its neck but shall not sever it completely, and he shall sprinkle some of the blood of the sin offering on the side of the altar, while the rest of the blood shall be drained out at the base of the altar; it is a sin offering. Then he shall offer the second for a burnt offering according to the rule. And the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin that he has committed, and he shall be forgiven.</p> <p id="p03005011.01-2">“But if he cannot afford two turtledoves or two pigeons, then he shall bring as his offering for the sin that he has committed a tenth of an ephah of fine flour for a sin offering. He shall put no oil on it and shall put no frankincense on it, for it is a sin offering. And he shall bring it to the priest, and the priest shall take a handful of it as its memorial portion and burn this on the altar, on the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s food offerings; it is a sin offering. Thus the priest shall make atonement for him for the sin which he has committed in any one of these things, and he shall be forgiven. And the remainder shall be for the priest, as in the grain offering.”</p> <p id="p03005014.05-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke to Moses, saying, “If anyone commits a breach of faith and sins unintentionally in any of the holy things of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, he shall bring to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> as his compensation, a ram without blemish out of the flock, valued in silver shekels, according to the shekel of the sanctuary, for a guilt offering. He shall also make restitution for what he has done amiss in the holy thing and shall add a fifth to it and give it to the priest. And the priest shall make atonement for him with the ram of the guilt offering, and he shall be forgiven.</p> <p id="p03005017.01-2">“If anyone sins, doing any of the things that by the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s commandments ought not to be done, though he did not know it, then realizes his guilt, he shall bear his iniquity. He shall bring to the priest a ram without blemish out of the flock, or its equivalent for a guilt offering, and the priest shall make atonement for him for the mistake that he made unintentionally, and he shall be forgiven. It is a guilt offering; he has indeed incurred guilt before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.”</p> <p id="p03006001.01-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v03006001-2">6:1 </span> The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke to Moses, saying, “If anyone sins and commits a breach of faith against the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> by deceiving his neighbor in a matter of deposit or security, or through robbery, or if he has oppressed his neighbor or has found something lost and lied about it, swearing falsely—in any of all the things that people do and sin thereby— if he has sinned and has realized his guilt and will restore what he took by robbery or what he got by oppression or the deposit that was committed to him or the lost thing that he found or anything about which he has sworn falsely, he shall restore it in full and shall add a fifth to it, and give it to him to whom it belongs on the day he realizes his guilt. And he shall bring to the priest as his compensation to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> a ram without blemish out of the flock, or its equivalent for a guilt offering. And the priest shall make atonement for him before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and he shall be forgiven for any of the things that one may do and thereby become guilty.”</p> <p id="p03006008.06-2"> The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke to Moses, saying, “Command Aaron and his sons, saying, This is the law of the burnt offering. The burnt offering shall be on the hearth on the altar all night until the morning, and the fire of the altar shall be kept burning on it. And the priest shall put on his linen garment and put his linen undergarment on his body, and he shall take up the ashes to which the fire has reduced the burnt offering on the altar and put them beside the altar. Then he shall take off his garments and put on other garments and carry the ashes outside the camp to a clean place. The fire on the altar shall be kept burning on it; it shall not go out. The priest shall burn wood on it every morning, and he shall arrange the burnt offering on it and shall burn on it the fat of the peace offerings. Fire shall be kept burning on the altar continually; it shall not go out.</p> <p id="p03006014.01-2">“And this is the law of the grain offering. The sons of Aaron shall offer it before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in front of the altar. And one shall take from it a handful of the fine flour of the grain offering and its oil and all the frankincense that is on the grain offering and burn this as its memorial portion on the altar, a pleasing aroma to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. And the rest of it Aaron and his sons shall eat. It shall be eaten unleavened in a holy place. In the court of the tent of meeting they shall eat it. It shall not be baked with leaven. I have given it as their portion of my food offerings. It is a thing most holy, like the sin offering and the guilt offering. Every male among the children of Aaron may eat of it, as decreed forever throughout your generations, from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s food offerings. Whatever touches them shall become holy.”</p> <p id="p03006019.01-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke to Moses, saying, “This is the offering that Aaron and his sons shall offer to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> on the day when he is anointed: a tenth of an ephah of fine flour as a regular grain offering, half of it in the morning and half in the evening. It shall be made with oil on a griddle. You shall bring it well mixed, in baked pieces like a grain offering, and offer it for a pleasing aroma to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. The priest from among Aaron's sons, who is anointed to succeed him, shall offer it to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> as decreed forever. The whole of it shall be burned. Every grain offering of a priest shall be wholly burned. It shall not be eaten.”</p> <p id="p03006024.01-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke to Moses, saying, “Speak to Aaron and his sons, saying, This is the law of the sin offering. In the place where the burnt offering is killed shall the sin offering be killed before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; it is most holy. The priest who offers it for sin shall eat it. In a holy place it shall be eaten, in the court of the tent of meeting. Whatever touches its flesh shall be holy, and when any of its blood is splashed on a garment, you shall wash that on which it was splashed in a holy place. And the earthenware vessel in which it is boiled shall be broken. But if it is boiled in a bronze vessel, that shall be scoured and rinsed in water. Every male among the priests may eat of it; it is most holy. But no sin offering shall be eaten from which any blood is brought into the tent of meeting to make atonement in the Holy Place; it shall be burned up with fire.</p> <p id="p03007001.01-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v03007001-2">7:1 </span>“This is the law of the guilt offering. It is most holy. In the place where they kill the burnt offering they shall kill the guilt offering, and its blood shall be thrown against the sides of the altar. And all its fat shall be offered, the fat tail, the fat that covers the entrails, the two kidneys with the fat that is on them at the loins, and the long lobe of the liver that he shall remove with the kidneys. The priest shall burn them on the altar as a food offering to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; it is a guilt offering. Every male among the priests may eat of it. It shall be eaten in a holy place. It is most holy. The guilt offering is just like the sin offering; there is one law for them. The priest who makes atonement with it shall have it. And the priest who offers any man's burnt offering shall have for himself the skin of the burnt offering that he has offered. And every grain offering baked in the oven and all that is prepared on a pan or a griddle shall belong to the priest who offers it. And every grain offering, mixed with oil or dry, shall be shared equally among all the sons of Aaron.</p> <p id="p03007011.01-2">“And this is the law of the sacrifice of peace offerings that one may offer to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. If he offers it for a thanksgiving, then he shall offer with the thanksgiving sacrifice unleavened loaves mixed with oil, unleavened wafers smeared with oil, and loaves of fine flour well mixed with oil. With the sacrifice of his peace offerings for thanksgiving he shall bring his offering with loaves of leavened bread. And from it he shall offer one loaf from each offering, as a gift to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. It shall belong to the priest who throws the blood of the peace offerings. And the flesh of the sacrifice of his peace offerings for thanksgiving shall be eaten on the day of his offering. He shall not leave any of it until the morning. But if the sacrifice of his offering is a vow offering or a freewill offering, it shall be eaten on the day that he offers his sacrifice, and on the next day what remains of it shall be eaten. But what remains of the flesh of the sacrifice on the third day shall be burned up with fire. If any of the flesh of the sacrifice of his peace offering is eaten on the third day, he who offers it shall not be accepted, neither shall it be credited to him. It is tainted, and he who eats of it shall bear his iniquity.</p> <p id="p03007019.01-2">“Flesh that touches any unclean thing shall not be eaten. It shall be burned up with fire. All who are clean may eat flesh, but the person who eats of the flesh of the sacrifice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s peace offerings while an uncleanness is on him, that person shall be cut off from his people. And if anyone touches an unclean thing, whether human uncleanness or an unclean beast or any unclean detestable creature, and then eats some flesh from the sacrifice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s peace offerings, that person shall be cut off from his people.”</p> <p id="p03007022.01-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke to Moses, saying, “Speak to the people of Israel, saying, You shall eat no fat, of ox or sheep or goat. The fat of an animal that dies of itself and the fat of one that is torn by beasts may be put to any other use, but on no account shall you eat it. For every person who eats of the fat of an animal of which a food offering may be made to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall be cut off from his people. Moreover, you shall eat no blood whatever, whether of fowl or of animal, in any of your dwelling places. Whoever eats any blood, that person shall be cut off from his people.”</p> <p id="p03007028.01-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke to Moses, saying, “Speak to the people of Israel, saying, Whoever offers the sacrifice of his peace offerings to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall bring his offering to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> from the sacrifice of his peace offerings. His own hands shall bring the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s food offerings. He shall bring the fat with the breast, that the breast may be waved as a wave offering before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. The priest shall burn the fat on the altar, but the breast shall be for Aaron and his sons. And the right thigh you shall give to the priest as a contribution from the sacrifice of your peace offerings. Whoever among the sons of Aaron offers the blood of the peace offerings and the fat shall have the right thigh for a portion. For the breast that is waved and the thigh that is contributed I have taken from the people of Israel, out of the sacrifices of their peace offerings, and have given them to Aaron the priest and to his sons, as a perpetual due from the people of Israel. This is the portion of Aaron and of his sons from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s food offerings, from the day they were presented to serve as priests of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> commanded this to be given them by the people of Israel, from the day that he anointed them. It is a perpetual due throughout their generations.”</p> <p id="p03007037.01-2">This is the law of the burnt offering, of the grain offering, of the sin offering, of the guilt offering, of the ordination offering, and of the peace offering, which the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> commanded Moses on Mount Sinai, on the day that he commanded the people of Israel to bring their offerings to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, in the wilderness of Sinai.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004011.01-1">He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well,</p> </div><h5>Genesis 17:1-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p01017001.07-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v01017001-2">17:1 </span>When Abram was ninety-nine years old the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> appeared to Abram and said to him, “I am God Almighty; walk before me, and be blameless, that I may make my covenant between me and you, and may multiply you greatly.” Then Abram fell on his face. And God said to him, “Behold, my covenant is with you, and you shall be the father of a multitude of nations. No longer shall your name be called Abram, but your name shall be Abraham, for I have made you the father of a multitude of nations. I will make you exceedingly fruitful, and I will make you into nations, and kings shall come from you. And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you. And I will give to you and to your offspring after you the land of your sojournings, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession, and I will be their God.”</p> <p id="p01017009.01-2">And God said to Abraham, “As for you, you shall keep my covenant, you and your offspring after you throughout their generations. This is my covenant, which you shall keep, between me and you and your offspring after you: Every male among you shall be circumcised. You shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskins, and it shall be a sign of the covenant between me and you. He who is eight days old among you shall be circumcised. Every male throughout your generations, whether born in your house or bought with your money from any foreigner who is not of your offspring, both he who is born in your house and he who is bought with your money, shall surely be circumcised. So shall my covenant be in your flesh an everlasting covenant. Any uncircumcised male who is not circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin shall be cut off from his people; he has broken my covenant.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 5:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46005007.01-1">Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 12:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02012014.01-2">“This day shall be for you a memorial day, and you shall keep it as a feast to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; throughout your generations, as a statute forever, you shall keep it as a feast.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 12:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02012017.01-3">And you shall observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread, for on this very day I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt. Therefore you shall observe this day, throughout your generations, as a statute forever.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 12:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02012024.01-4">You shall observe this rite as a statute for you and for your sons forever.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 8:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58008001.08-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v58008001-1">8:1 </span>Now the point in what we are saying is this: we have such a high priest, one who is seated at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in heaven, a minister in the holy places, in the true tent that the Lord set up, not man.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 11:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58011013.01-2">These all died in faith, not having received the things promised, but having seen them and greeted them from afar, and having acknowledged that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003007.01-1">Know then that it is those of faith who are the sons of Abraham. And the Scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, preached the gospel beforehand to Abraham, saying, “In you shall all the nations be blessed.” So then, those who are of faith are blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003014.01-2">so that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promised Spirit through faith.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 33 — Was the covenant of grace always administered after one and the same manner?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/16</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 33.</span> Was the covenant of grace always administered after one and the same manner?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The covenant of grace was not always administered after the same manner, but the administrations of it under the old testament were different from those under the new.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 3:6-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47003006.01-1">who has made us competent to be ministers of a new covenant, not of the letter but of the Spirit. For the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life.</p> <p id="p47003007.01-1">Now if the ministry of death, carved in letters on stone, came with such glory that the Israelites could not gaze at Moses' face because of its glory, which was being brought to an end, will not the ministry of the Spirit have even more glory? For if there was glory in the ministry of condemnation, the ministry of righteousness must far exceed it in glory.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 8:7-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58008007.01-2">For if that first covenant had been faultless, there would have been no occasion to look for a second.</p> <p id="p58008008.01-2">For he finds fault with them when he says:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58008008.10-2">“Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I will establish a new covenant with the house of Israel<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with the house of Judah,<br/>  not like the covenant that I made with their fathers<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on the day when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt.<br/> For they did not continue in my covenant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and so I showed no concern for them, declares the Lord.<br/>  For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel<br/> <span class="indent"></span>after those days, declares the Lord:<br/> I will put my laws into their minds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and write them on their hearts,<br/> and I will be their God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and they shall be my people.<br/>  And they shall not teach, each one his neighbor<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and each one his brother, saying, ‘Know the Lord,’<br/> for they shall all know me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from the least of them to the greatest.<br/>  For I will be merciful toward their iniquities,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will remember their sins no more.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p58008013.01-2">In speaking of a new covenant, he makes the first one obsolete. And what is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to vanish away.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 16 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 7.5 — Of God's covenant with man, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/15</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 7: Of God's Covenant with Man</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> This covenant was differently administered in the time of the law, and in the time of the gospel:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> under the law, it was administered by promises, prophecies, sacrifices, circumcision, the paschal lamb, and other types and ordinances delivered to the people of the Jews, all foresignifying Christ to come;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> which were, for that time, sufficient and efficacious, through the operation of the Spirit, to instruct and build up the elect in faith in the promised Messiah,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> by whom they had full remission of sins, and eternal salvation; and is called the old testament.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 3:6-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47003006.01-1">who has made us competent to be ministers of a new covenant, not of the letter but of the Spirit. For the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life.</p> <p id="p47003007.01-1">Now if the ministry of death, carved in letters on stone, came with such glory that the Israelites could not gaze at Moses' face because of its glory, which was being brought to an end, will not the ministry of the Spirit have even more glory? For if there was glory in the ministry of condemnation, the ministry of righteousness must far exceed it in glory.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58008001.08-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v58008001-1">8:1 </span>Now the point in what we are saying is this: we have such a high priest, one who is seated at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in heaven, a minister in the holy places, in the true tent that the Lord set up, not man. For every high priest is appointed to offer gifts and sacrifices; thus it is necessary for this priest also to have something to offer. Now if he were on earth, he would not be a priest at all, since there are priests who offer gifts according to the law. They serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things. For when Moses was about to erect the tent, he was instructed by God, saying, “See that you make everything according to the pattern that was shown you on the mountain.” But as it is, Christ has obtained a ministry that is as much more excellent than the old as the covenant he mediates is better, since it is enacted on better promises. For if that first covenant had been faultless, there would have been no occasion to look for a second.</p> <p id="p58008008.01-1">For he finds fault with them when he says:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58008008.10-1">“Behold, the days are coming, declares the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I will establish a new covenant with the house of Israel<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with the house of Judah,<br/> not like the covenant that I made with their fathers<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on the day when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt.<br/> For they did not continue in my covenant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and so I showed no concern for them, declares the Lord.<br/> For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel<br/> <span class="indent"></span>after those days, declares the Lord:<br/> I will put my laws into their minds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and write them on their hearts,<br/> and I will be their God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and they shall be my people.<br/> And they shall not teach, each one his neighbor<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and each one his brother, saying, ‘Know the Lord,’<br/> for they shall all know me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from the least of them to the greatest.<br/> For I will be merciful toward their iniquities,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will remember their sins no more.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p58008013.01-1">In speaking of a new covenant, he makes the first one obsolete. And what is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to vanish away.</p> <p id="p58009001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v58009001-1">9:1 </span>Now even the first covenant had regulations for worship and an earthly place of holiness. For a tent was prepared, the first section, in which were the lampstand and the table and the bread of the Presence. It is called the Holy Place. Behind the second curtain was a second section called the Most Holy Place, having the golden altar of incense and the ark of the covenant covered on all sides with gold, in which was a golden urn holding the manna, and Aaron's staff that budded, and the tablets of the covenant. Above it were the cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat. Of these things we cannot now speak in detail.</p> <p id="p58009006.01-1">These preparations having thus been made, the priests go regularly into the first section, performing their ritual duties, but into the second only the high priest goes, and he but once a year, and not without taking blood, which he offers for himself and for the unintentional sins of the people. By this the Holy Spirit indicates that the way into the holy places is not yet opened as long as the first section is still standing (which is symbolic for the present age). According to this arrangement, gifts and sacrifices are offered that cannot perfect the conscience of the worshiper, but deal only with food and drink and various washings, regulations for the body imposed until the time of reformation.</p> <p id="p58009011.07-1">But when Christ appeared as a high priest of the good things that have come, then through the greater and more perfect tent (not made with hands, that is, not of this creation) he entered once for all into the holy places, not by means of the blood of goats and calves but by means of his own blood, thus securing an eternal redemption. For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the sprinkling of defiled persons with the ashes of a heifer, sanctify for the purification of the flesh, how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without blemish to God, purify our conscience from dead works to serve the living God.</p> <p id="p58009015.01-1">Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred that redeems them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant. For where a will is involved, the death of the one who made it must be established. For a will takes effect only at death, since it is not in force as long as the one who made it is alive. Therefore not even the first covenant was inaugurated without blood. For when every commandment of the law had been declared by Moses to all the people, he took the blood of calves and goats, with water and scarlet wool and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book itself and all the people, saying, “This is the blood of the covenant that God commanded for you.” And in the same way he sprinkled with the blood both the tent and all the vessels used in worship. Indeed, under the law almost everything is purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness of sins.</p> <p id="p58009023.01-1">Thus it was necessary for the copies of the heavenly things to be purified with these rites, but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these. For Christ has entered, not into holy places made with hands, which are copies of the true things, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God on our behalf. Nor was it to offer himself repeatedly, as the high priest enters the holy places every year with blood not his own, for then he would have had to suffer repeatedly since the foundation of the world. But as it is, he has appeared once for all at the end of the ages to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself. And just as it is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment, so Christ, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time, not to deal with sin but to save those who are eagerly waiting for him.</p> <p id="p58010001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v58010001-1">10:1 </span>For since the law has but a shadow of the good things to come instead of the true form of these realities, it can never, by the same sacrifices that are continually offered every year, make perfect those who draw near. Otherwise, would they not have ceased to be offered, since the worshipers, having once been cleansed, would no longer have any consciousness of sins? But in these sacrifices there is a reminder of sins every year. For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins.</p> <p id="p58010005.01-1">Consequently, when Christ came into the world, he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58010005.10-1">“Sacrifices and offerings you have not desired,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but a body have you prepared for me;<br/> in burnt offerings and sin offerings<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have taken no pleasure.<br/> Then I said, ‘Behold, I have come to do your will, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as it is written of me in the scroll of the book.’”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p58010008.01-1">When he said above, “You have neither desired nor taken pleasure in sacrifices and offerings and burnt offerings and sin offerings” (these are offered according to the law), then he added, “Behold, I have come to do your will.” He does away with the first in order to establish the second. And by that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.</p> <p id="p58010011.01-1">And every priest stands daily at his service, offering repeatedly the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins. But when Christ had offered for all time a single sacrifice for sins, he sat down at the right hand of God, waiting from that time until his enemies should be made a footstool for his feet. For by a single offering he has perfected for all time those who are being sanctified.</p> <p id="p58010015.01-1">And the Holy Spirit also bears witness to us; for after saying,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58010016.01-1">“This is the covenant that I will make with them<br/> <span class="indent"></span>after those days, declares the Lord:<br/> I will put my laws on their hearts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and write them on their minds,”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p58010017.01-1">then he adds,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58010017.04-1">“I will remember their sins and their lawless deeds no more.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p58010018.01-1">Where there is forgiveness of these, there is no longer any offering for sin.</p> <p id="p58010019.06-1">Therefore, brothers, since we have confidence to enter the holy places by the blood of Jesus, by the new and living way that he opened for us through the curtain, that is, through his flesh, and since we have a great priest over the house of God, let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, with our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water. Let us hold fast the confession of our hope without wavering, for he who promised is faithful. And let us consider how to stir up one another to love and good works, not neglecting to meet together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging one another, and all the more as you see the Day drawing near.</p> <p id="p58010026.01-1">For if we go on sinning deliberately after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins, but a fearful expectation of judgment, and a fury of fire that will consume the adversaries. Anyone who has set aside the law of Moses dies without mercy on the evidence of two or three witnesses. How much worse punishment, do you think, will be deserved by the one who has spurned the Son of God, and has profaned the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified, and has outraged the Spirit of grace? For we know him who said, “Vengeance is mine; I will repay.” And again, “The Lord will judge his people.” It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God.</p> <p id="p58010032.01-1">But recall the former days when, after you were enlightened, you endured a hard struggle with sufferings, sometimes being publicly exposed to reproach and affliction, and sometimes being partners with those so treated. For you had compassion on those in prison, and you joyfully accepted the plundering of your property, since you knew that you yourselves had a better possession and an abiding one. Therefore do not throw away your confidence, which has a great reward. For you have need of endurance, so that when you have done the will of God you may receive what is promised. For,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58010037.02-1">“Yet a little while,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the coming one will come and will not delay;<br/> but my righteous one shall live by faith,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and if he shrinks back,<br/> my soul has no pleasure in him.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p58010039.01-1">But we are not of those who shrink back and are destroyed, but of those who have faith and preserve their souls.</p> </div><h5>Romans 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004011.01-2">He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well,</p> </div><h5>Colossians 2:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002011.01-3">In him also you were circumcised with a circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the flesh, by the circumcision of Christ, having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the powerful working of God, who raised him from the dead.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 5:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46005007.01-4">Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46010001.04-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v46010001-1">10:1 </span>For I want you to know, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud, and all passed through the sea, and all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea, and all ate the same spiritual food, and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 11:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58011013.01-2">These all died in faith, not having received the things promised, but having seen them and greeted them from afar, and having acknowledged that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.</p> </div><h5>John 8:56</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43008056.01-3"><span class="woc">Your father Abraham rejoiced that he would see my day. He saw it and was glad.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Know then that it is those of faith who are the sons of Abraham. And the Scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, preached the gospel beforehand to Abraham, saying, “In you shall all the nations be blessed.” So then, those who are of faith are blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>so that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promised Spirit through faith.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 32:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Blessed is the one whose transgression is forgiven,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>whose sin is covered.<br/> Blessed is the man against whom the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> counts no iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and in whose spirit there is no deceit.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 32:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I acknowledged my sin to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I did not cover my iniquity;<br/> I said, “I will confess my transgressions to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you forgave the iniquity of my sin. Selah</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 7.4 — Of God's covenant with man, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/14</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 7: Of God's Covenant with Man</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> This covenant of grace is frequently set forth in Scripture by the name of a testament, in reference to the death of Jesus Christ the Testator, and to the everlasting inheritance, with all things belonging to it, therein bequeathed.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 9:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred that redeems them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant. For where a will is involved, the death of the one who made it must be established. For a will takes effect only at death, since it is not in force as long as the one who made it is alive.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 32 — How is the grace of God manifested in the second covenant?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/13</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 32.</span> How is the grace of God manifested in the second covenant?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The grace of God is manifested in the second covenant, in that he freely provideth and offereth to sinners a Mediator,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and life and salvation by him;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and requiring faith as the condition to interest them in him,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> promiseth and giveth his Holy Spirit<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> to all his elect, to work in them that faith,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> with all other saving graces;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> and to enable them unto all holy obedience,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> as the evidence of the truth of their faith<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> and thankfulness to God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup> and as the way which he hath appointed them to salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">10</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003015.01-1">I will put enmity between you and the woman,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and between your offspring and her offspring;<br/> he shall bruise your head,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you shall bruise his heel.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 42:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23042006.01-2">“I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; I have called you in righteousness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will take you by the hand and keep you;<br/> I will give you as a covenant for the people,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a light for the nations,</p> </div> </div><h5>John 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p43003016.07-3"><span class="woc">“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.</span></p> </div><h5>John 6:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006027.01-4"><span class="woc">Do not labor for the food that perishes, but for the food that endures to eternal life, which the Son of Man will give to you. For on him God the Father has set his seal.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54002005.01-5">For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 5:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62005011.01-1">And this is the testimony, that God gave us eternal life, and this life is in his Son. Whoever has the Son has life; whoever does not have the Son of God does not have life.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p43003016.07-1"><span class="woc">“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.</span></p> </div><h5>John 3:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003036.01-2">Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life; whoever does not obey the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God remains on him.</p> </div><h5>John 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001012.01-3">But to all who did receive him, who believed in his name, he gave the right to become children of God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 59:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p23059021.01-1">“And as for me, this is my covenant with them,” says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: “My Spirit that is upon you, and my words that I have put in your mouth, shall not depart out of your mouth, or out of the mouth of your offspring, or out of the mouth of your children's offspring,” says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, “from this time forth and forevermore.”</p> </div><h5>Luke 11:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42011013.01-2"><span class="woc">If you then, who are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will the heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him!”</span></p> </div><h5>John 14:16-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43014016.01-3"><span class="woc">And I will ask the Father, and he will give you another Helper, to be with you forever,</span> <span class="woc">even the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it neither sees him nor knows him. You know him, for he dwells with you and will be in you.</span></p> <p id="p43014018.01-3"><span class="woc">“I will not leave you as orphans; I will come to you.</span> <span class="woc">Yet a little while and the world will see me no more, but you will see me. Because I live, you also will live.</span> <span class="woc">In that day you will know that I am in my Father, and you in me, and I in you.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 12:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012013.01-4">For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body—Jews or Greeks, slaves or free—and all were made to drink of one Spirit.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008004.01-5">in order that the righteous requirement of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008009.01-6">You, however, are not in the flesh but in the Spirit, if in fact the Spirit of God dwells in you. Anyone who does not have the Spirit of Christ does not belong to him.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008011.01-7">If the Spirit of him who raised Jesus from the dead dwells in you, he who raised Christ Jesus from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through his Spirit who dwells in you.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:14-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008014.01-8">For all who are led by the Spirit of God are sons of God. For you did not receive the spirit of slavery to fall back into fear, but you have received the Spirit of adoption as sons, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!” The Spirit himself bears witness with our spirit that we are children of God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47004013.01-1">Since we have the same spirit of faith according to what has been written, “I believed, and so I spoke,” we also believe, and so we also speak,</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 12:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012003.01-2">Therefore I want you to understand that no one speaking in the Spirit of God ever says “Jesus is accursed!” and no one can say “Jesus is Lord” except in the Holy Spirit.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 12:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012009.01-3">to another faith by the same Spirit, to another gifts of healing by the one Spirit,</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002008.01-4">For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works, so that no one may boast. For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.</p> </div><h5>Acts 16:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44016014.01-5">One who heard us was a woman named Lydia, from the city of Thyatira, a seller of purple goods, who was a worshiper of God. The Lord opened her heart to pay attention to what was said by Paul.</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 1:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p61001001.02-6"><span class="chapter-num" id="v61001001-6">1:1 </span>Simeon Peter, a servant and apostle of Jesus Christ,</p> <p id="p61001001.11-6">To those who have obtained a faith of equal standing with ours by the righteousness of our God and Savior Jesus Christ:  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 5:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005022.01-1">But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control; against such things there is no law.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 36:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26036027.01-1">And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002010.01-2">For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 2:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002018.01-1">But someone will say, “You have faith and I have works.” Show me your faith apart from your works, and I will show you my faith by my works.</p> </div><h5>James 2:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002022.01-2">You see that faith was active along with his works, and faith was completed by his works;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 5:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005014.01-1">For the love of Christ controls us, because we have concluded this: that one has died for all, therefore all have died; and he died for all, that those who live might no longer live for themselves but for him who for their sake died and was raised.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002010.01-1">For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.</p> </div><h5>Titus 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56002014.01-2">who gave himself for us to redeem us from all lawlessness and to purify for himself a people for his own possession who are zealous for good works.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 13 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 31 — With whom was the covenant of grace made?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/12</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 31.</span> With whom was the covenant of grace made?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The covenant of grace was made with Christ as the second Adam, and in him with all the elect as his seed.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003016.01-1">Now the promises were made to Abraham and to his offspring. It does not say, “And to offsprings,” referring to many, but referring to one, “And to your offspring,” who is Christ.</p> </div><h5>Romans 5:15-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005015.01-2">But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man's trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for many. And the free gift is not like the result of that one man's sin. For the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses brought justification. For if, because of one man's trespass, death reigned through that one man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.</p> <p id="p45005018.01-2">Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men. For as by the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man's obedience the many will be made righteous. Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased, grace abounded all the more, so that, as sin reigned in death, grace also might reign through righteousness leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 53:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23053010.01-3">Yet it was the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to crush him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has put him to grief;<br/> when his soul makes an offering for guilt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he shall see his offspring; he shall prolong his days;<br/> the will of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall prosper in his hand.<br/>  Out of the anguish of his soul he shall see and be satisfied;<br/> by his knowledge shall the righteous one, my servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>make many to be accounted righteous,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall bear their iniquities.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 59:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23059020.01-4">“And a Redeemer will come to Zion,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to those in Jacob who turn from transgression,” declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p23059021.01-4">“And as for me, this is my covenant with them,” says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: “My Spirit that is upon you, and my words that I have put in your mouth, shall not depart out of your mouth, or out of the mouth of your offspring, or out of the mouth of your children's offspring,” says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, “from this time forth and forevermore.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 12 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 20 + WLC 30 — Did God leave all mankind to perish in the estate of sin and misery?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/11</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 20.</span> Did God leave all mankind to perish in the estate of sin and misery?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> God, having out of his mere good pleasure, from all eternity, elected some to everlasting life,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> did enter into a covenant of grace to deliver them out of the estate of sin and misery, and to bring them into an estate of salvation by a Redeemer.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 30.</span> Doth God leave all mankind to perish in the estate of sin and misery?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> God doth not leave all men to perish in the estate of sin and misery,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> into which they fell by the breach of the first covenant, commonly called the covenant of works;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> but of his mere love and mercy delivereth his elect out of it, and bringeth them into an estate of salvation by the second covenant, commonly called the covenant of grace.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 13:48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44013048.01-1">And when the Gentiles heard this, they began rejoicing and glorifying the word of the Lord, and as many as were appointed to eternal life believed.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001004.01-2">even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before him. In love he predestined us for adoption as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will,</p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 2:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p53002013.03-3">But we ought always to give thanks to God for you, brothers beloved by the Lord, because God chose you as the firstfruits to be saved, through sanctification by the Spirit and belief in the truth. To this he called you through our gospel, so that you may obtain the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003015.01-1">I will put enmity between you and the woman,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and between your offspring and her offspring;<br/> he shall bruise your head,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you shall bruise his heel.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Genesis 17:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01017007.01-2">And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 19:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02019005.01-3">Now therefore, if you will indeed obey my voice and keep my covenant, you shall be my treasured possession among all peoples, for all the earth is mine; and you shall be to me a kingdom of priests and a holy nation. These are the words that you shall speak to the people of Israel.”</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 31:31-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p24031031.04-4">“Behold, the days are coming, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and the house of Judah, not like the covenant that I made with their fathers on the day when I took them by the hand to bring them out of the land of Egypt, my covenant that they broke, though I was their husband, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: I will put my law within them, and I will write it on their hearts. And I will be their God, and they shall be my people. And no longer shall each one teach his neighbor and each his brother, saying, ‘Know the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,’ for they shall all know me, from the least of them to the greatest, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. For I will forgive their iniquity, and I will remember their sin no more.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 20:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40020028.01-5"><span class="woc">even as the Son of Man came not to be served but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011025.01-6">In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span></p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009015.01-7">Therefore he is the mediator of a new covenant, so that those who are called may receive the promised eternal inheritance, since a death has occurred that redeems them from the transgressions committed under the first covenant.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52005009.01-1">For God has not destined us for wrath, but to obtain salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003017.01-1">And to Adam he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003017.06-1">“Because you have listened to the voice of your wife<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have eaten of the tree<br/> of which I commanded you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>‘You shall not eat of it,’<br/> cursed is the ground because of you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall eat of it all the days of your life;</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005012.07-2">Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—</p> </div><h5>Romans 5:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005015.01-3">But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man's trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for many.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p48003010.07-4">For all who rely on works of the law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.”</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003012.01-5">But the law is not of faith, rather “The one who does them shall live by them.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 3:4-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003004.01-1">But when the goodness and loving kindness of God our Savior appeared, he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit, whom he poured out on us richly through Jesus Christ our Savior, so that being justified by his grace we might become heirs according to the hope of eternal life.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003021.01-2">Is the law then contrary to the promises of God? Certainly not! For if a law had been given that could give life, then righteousness would indeed be by the law.</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:20-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003020.01-3">For by works of the law no human being will be justified in his sight, since through the law comes knowledge of sin.</p> <p id="p45003021.07-3">But now the righteousness of God has been manifested apart from the law, although the Law and the Prophets bear witness to it— the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all who believe. For there is no distinction:</p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 2:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p53002013.03-4">But we ought always to give thanks to God for you, brothers beloved by the Lord, because God chose you as the firstfruits to be saved, through sanctification by the Spirit and belief in the truth. To this he called you through our gospel, so that you may obtain the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ.</p> </div><h5>Acts 13:48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44013048.01-5">And when the Gentiles heard this, they began rejoicing and glorifying the word of the Lord, and as many as were appointed to eternal life believed.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001004.01-6">even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before him. In love he predestined us for adoption as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 7.3 — Of God's covenant with man, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/10</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 7: Of God's Covenant with Man</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> Man, by his fall, having made himself incapable of life by that covenant, the Lord was pleased to make a second,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> commonly called the covenant of grace; wherein he freely offereth unto sinners life and salvation by Jesus Christ; requiring of them faith in him, that they may be saved,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and promising to give unto all those that are ordained unto eternal life his Holy Spirit, to make them willing, and able to believe.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Is the law then contrary to the promises of God? Certainly not! For if a law had been given that could give life, then righteousness would indeed be by the law.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For by works of the law no human being will be justified in his sight, since through the law comes knowledge of sin.</p> <p>But now the righteousness of God has been manifested apart from the law, although the Law and the Prophets bear witness to it—</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For God has done what the law, weakened by the flesh, could not do. By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for sin, he condemned sin in the flesh,</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I will put enmity between you and the woman,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and between your offspring and her offspring;<br/> he shall bruise your head,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you shall bruise his heel.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 42:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; I have called you in righteousness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will take you by the hand and keep you;<br/> I will give you as a covenant for the people,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a light for the nations,</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 10:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the righteousness based on faith says, “Do not say in your heart, ‘Who will ascend into heaven?’” (that is, to bring Christ down)</p> </div> <h5>Romans 10:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>because, if you confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved.</p> </div> <h5>Revelation 22:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The Spirit and the Bride say, “Come.” And let the one who hears say, “Come.” And let the one who is thirsty come; let the one who desires take the water of life without price.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 13:48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when the Gentiles heard this, they began rejoicing and glorifying the word of the Lord, and as many as were appointed to eternal life believed.</p> </div> <h5>Ezekiel 36:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And I will give you a new heart, and a new spirit I will put within you. And I will remove the heart of stone from your flesh and give you a heart of flesh. And I will put my Spirit within you, and cause you to walk in my statutes and be careful to obey my rules.</p> </div> <h5>John 6:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">All that the Father gives me will come to me, and whoever comes to me I will never cast out.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 6:44-45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws him. And I will raise him up on the last day.</span> <span class="woc">It is written in the Prophets, ‘And they will all be taught by God.’ Everyone who has heard and learned from the Father comes to me—</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 12:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore I want you to understand that no one speaking in the Spirit of God ever says “Jesus is accursed!” and no one can say “Jesus is Lord” except in the Holy Spirit.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 7.2 — Of God's covenant with man, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/09</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 7: Of God's Covenant with Man</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> The first covenant made with man was a covenant of works,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> wherein life was promised to Adam; and in him to his posterity,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> upon condition of perfect and personal obedience.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God commanded the man, saying, “You may surely eat of every tree of the garden, but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div> <h5>Hosea 6:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">But like Adam they transgressed the covenant;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>there they dealt faithlessly with me.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the law is not of faith, rather “The one who does them shall live by them.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God said, “Behold, the man has become like one of us in knowing good and evil. Now, lest he reach out his hand and take also of the tree of life and eat, and live forever—”</p> </div> <h5>Romans 10:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For Moses writes about the righteousness that is based on the law, that the person who does the commandments shall live by them.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 5:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not counted where there is no law. Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 5:15-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for many. And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses brought justification. For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.</p> <p>Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men. For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous. Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased, grace abounded all the more,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For all who rely on works of the law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 12 + WLC 20 — What was the providence of God toward man in the estate in which he was created?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/08</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 12.</span> What special act of providence did God exercise toward man in the estate wherein he was created?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> When God had created man, he entered into a covenant of life with him, upon condition of perfect obedience; forbidding him to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, upon pain of death.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 20.</span> What was the providence of God toward man in the estate in which he was created?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The providence of God toward man in the estate in which he was created, was the placing him in paradise, appointing him to dress it, giving him liberty to eat of the fruit of the earth;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> putting the creatures under his dominion,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> and ordaining marriage for his help;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> affording him communion with himself;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> instituting the Sabbath;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> entering into a covenant of life with him, upon condition of personal, perfect, and perpetual obedience,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> of which the tree of life was a pledge;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> and forbidding to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, upon the pain of death.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002016.01-1">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God commanded the man, saying, “You may surely eat of every tree of the garden, but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div><h5>James 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002010.01-2">For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become accountable for all of it.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002008.01-1">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God planted a garden in Eden, in the east, and there he put the man whom he had formed.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 2:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002015.01-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God took the man and put him in the garden of Eden to work it and keep it. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God commanded the man, saying, “You may surely eat of every tree of the garden,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01001028.01-1">And God blessed them. And God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over every living thing that moves on the earth.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002018.01-1">Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God said, “It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him a helper fit for him.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 19:3-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019003.01-2">And Pharisees came up to him and tested him by asking, “Is it lawful to divorce one's wife for any cause?” He answered, <span class="woc">“Have you not read that he who created them from the beginning made them male and female,</span> <span class="woc">and said, ‘Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh’?</span> <span class="woc">So they are no longer two but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let not man separate.”</span> They said to him, “Why then did Moses command one to give a certificate of divorce and to send her away?” He said to them, <span class="woc">“Because of your hardness of heart Moses allowed you to divorce your wives, but from the beginning it was not so.</span> <span class="woc">And I say to you: whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery.”</span></p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005031.01-3">“Therefore a man shall leave his father and mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:26-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01001026.01-1">Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, after our likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.”</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01001027.01-1">So God created man in his own image,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the image of God he created him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>male and female he created them.</p> </div> <p id="p01001028.01-1">And God blessed them. And God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over every living thing that moves on the earth.” And God said, “Behold, I have given you every plant yielding seed that is on the face of all the earth, and every tree with seed in its fruit. You shall have them for food.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 3:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003008.01-2">And they heard the sound of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God among the trees of the garden.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002003.01-1">So God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it God rested from all his work that he had done in creation.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 20:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020011.01-2">For in six days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002016.01-1">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God commanded the man, saying, “You may surely eat of every tree of the garden, but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003012.01-2">But the law is not of faith, rather “The one who does them shall live by them.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 10:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45010005.07-3">For Moses writes about the righteousness that is based on the law, that the person who does the commandments shall live by them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002009.01-1">And out of the ground the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God made to spring up every tree that is pleasant to the sight and good for food. The tree of life was in the midst of the garden, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 3:22-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003022.01-2">Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God said, “Behold, the man has become like one of us in knowing good and evil. Now, lest he reach out his hand and take also of the tree of life and eat, and live forever—” therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God sent him out from the garden of Eden to work the ground from which he was taken. He drove out the man, and at the east of the garden of Eden he placed the cherubim and a flaming sword that turned every way to guard the way to the tree of life.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002017.01-1">but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div><h5>James 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002010.01-2">For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become accountable for all of it.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 08 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 7.1 — Of God's covenant with man, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/07</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 7: Of God's Covenant with Man</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> The distance between God and the creature is so great, that although reasonable creatures do owe obedience unto him as their Creator, yet they could never have any fruition of him as their blessedness and reward, but by some voluntary condescension on God's part, which he hath been pleased to express by way of covenant.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 40:13-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Who has measured the Spirit of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or what man shows him his counsel?<br/> Whom did he consult,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and who made him understand?<br/> Who taught him the path of justice,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and taught him knowledge,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and showed him the way of understanding?<br/> Behold, the nations are like a drop from a bucket,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and are accounted as the dust on the scales;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>behold, he takes up the coastlands like fine dust.<br/> Lebanon would not suffice for fuel,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor are its beasts enough for a burnt offering.<br/> All the nations are as nothing before him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they are accounted by him as less than nothing and emptiness.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Job 9:32-33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">For he is not a man, as I am, that I might answer him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that we should come to trial together.<br/> There is no arbiter between us,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who might lay his hand on us both.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 113:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Who is like the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who is seated on high,<br/> who looks far down<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on the heavens and the earth?</p> </div> </div> <h5>Job 22:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Can a man be profitable to God?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Surely he who is wise is profitable to himself.<br/> Is it any pleasure to the Almighty if you are in the right,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or is it gain to him if you make your ways blameless?</p> </div> </div> <h5>Job 35:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">If you are righteous, what do you give to him?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Or what does he receive from your hand?<br/> Your wickedness concerns a man like yourself,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your righteousness a son of man.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Luke 17:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">So you also, when you have done all that you were commanded, say, ‘We are unworthy servants; we have only done what was our duty.’”</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 17:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The God who made the world and everything in it, being Lord of heaven and earth, does not live in temples made by man, nor is he served by human hands, as though he needed anything, since he himself gives to all mankind life and breath and everything.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 07 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 29 — What are the punishments of sin in the world to come?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/06</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 29.</span> What are the punishments of sin in the world to come?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The punishments of sin in the world to come, are everlasting separation from the comfortable presence of God, and most grievous torments in soul and body, without intermission, in hellfire forever.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Thessalonians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>They will suffer the punishment of eternal destruction, away from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of his might,</p> </div> <h5>Mark 9:43-44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And if your hand causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life crippled than with two hands to go to hell, to the unquenchable fire.</span></p> </div> <h5>Mark 9:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And if your foot causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life lame than with two feet to be thrown into hell.</span> <span class="woc">And if your eye causes you to sin, tear it out. It is better for you to enter the kingdom of God with one eye than with two eyes to be thrown into hell,</span></p> </div> <h5>Mark 9:48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">‘where their worm does not die and the fire is not quenched.’</span></p> </div> <h5>Luke 16:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And he called out, ‘Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus to dip the end of his finger in water and cool my tongue, for I am in anguish in this flame.’</span></p> </div> <h5>Luke 16:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And besides all this, between us and you a great chasm has been fixed, in order that those who would pass from here to you may not be able, and none may cross from there to us.’</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 25:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 25:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And these will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Revelation 14:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the smoke of their torment goes up forever and ever, and they have no rest, day or night, these worshipers of the beast and its image, and whoever receives the mark of its name.”</p> </div> <h5>John 3:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life; whoever does not obey the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God remains on him.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 06 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 28 — What are the punishments of sin in this world?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/05</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 28.</span> What are the punishments of sin in this world?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The punishments of sin in this world are either inward, as blindness of mind,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> a reprobate sense,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> strong delusions,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> hardness of heart,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> horror of conscience,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> and vile affections;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> or outward, as the curse of God upon the creatures for our sakes,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> and all other evils that befall us in our bodies, names, estates, relations, and employments;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> together with death itself.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004018.01-1">They are darkened in their understanding, alienated from the life of God because of the ignorance that is in them, due to their hardness of heart.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001028.01-1">And since they did not see fit to acknowledge God, God gave them up to a debased mind to do what ought not to be done.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Thessalonians 2:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53002011.01-1">Therefore God sends them a strong delusion, so that they may believe what is false,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002005.01-1">But because of your hard and impenitent heart you are storing up wrath for yourself on the day of wrath when God's righteous judgment will be revealed.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 33:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23033014.01-1">The sinners in Zion are afraid;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>trembling has seized the godless:<br/> “Who among us can dwell with the consuming fire?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who among us can dwell with everlasting burnings?”</p> </div> </div><h5>Genesis 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01004013.01-2">Cain said to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, “My punishment is greater than I can bear.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 27:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40027004.01-3">saying, “I have sinned by betraying innocent blood.” They said, “What is that to us? See to it yourself.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001026.01-1">For this reason God gave them up to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged natural relations for those that are contrary to nature;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003017.01-1">And to Adam he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003017.06-1">“Because you have listened to the voice of your wife<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have eaten of the tree<br/> of which I commanded you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>‘You shall not eat of it,’<br/> cursed is the ground because of you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall eat of it all the days of your life;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 28:15-68</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05028015.04-1">“But if you will not obey the voice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God or be careful to do all his commandments and his statutes that I command you today, then all these curses shall come upon you and overtake you. Cursed shall you be in the city, and cursed shall you be in the field. Cursed shall be your basket and your kneading bowl. Cursed shall be the fruit of your womb and the fruit of your ground, the increase of your herds and the young of your flock. Cursed shall you be when you come in, and cursed shall you be when you go out.</p> <p id="p05028020.01-1">“The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will send on you curses, confusion, and frustration in all that you undertake to do, until you are destroyed and perish quickly on account of the evil of your deeds, because you have forsaken me. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will make the pestilence stick to you until he has consumed you off the land that you are entering to take possession of it. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will strike you with wasting disease and with fever, inflammation and fiery heat, and with drought and with blight and with mildew. They shall pursue you until you perish. And the heavens over your head shall be bronze, and the earth under you shall be iron. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will make the rain of your land powder. From heaven dust shall come down on you until you are destroyed.</p> <p id="p05028025.01-1">“The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will cause you to be defeated before your enemies. You shall go out one way against them and flee seven ways before them. And you shall be a horror to all the kingdoms of the earth. And your dead body shall be food for all birds of the air and for the beasts of the earth, and there shall be no one to frighten them away. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will strike you with the boils of Egypt, and with tumors and scabs and itch, of which you cannot be healed. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will strike you with madness and blindness and confusion of mind, and you shall grope at noonday, as the blind grope in darkness, and you shall not prosper in your ways. And you shall be only oppressed and robbed continually, and there shall be no one to help you. You shall betroth a wife, but another man shall ravish her. You shall build a house, but you shall not dwell in it. You shall plant a vineyard, but you shall not enjoy its fruit. Your ox shall be slaughtered before your eyes, but you shall not eat any of it. Your donkey shall be seized before your face, but shall not be restored to you. Your sheep shall be given to your enemies, but there shall be no one to help you. Your sons and your daughters shall be given to another people, while your eyes look on and fail with longing for them all day long, but you shall be helpless. A nation that you have not known shall eat up the fruit of your ground and of all your labors, and you shall be only oppressed and crushed continually, so that you are driven mad by the sights that your eyes see. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will strike you on the knees and on the legs with grievous boils of which you cannot be healed, from the sole of your foot to the crown of your head.</p> <p id="p05028036.01-1">“The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring you and your king whom you set over you to a nation that neither you nor your fathers have known. And there you shall serve other gods of wood and stone. And you shall become a horror, a proverb, and a byword among all the peoples where the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will lead you away. You shall carry much seed into the field and shall gather in little, for the locust shall consume it. You shall plant vineyards and dress them, but you shall neither drink of the wine nor gather the grapes, for the worm shall eat them. You shall have olive trees throughout all your territory, but you shall not anoint yourself with the oil, for your olives shall drop off. You shall father sons and daughters, but they shall not be yours, for they shall go into captivity. The cricket shall possess all your trees and the fruit of your ground. The sojourner who is among you shall rise higher and higher above you, and you shall come down lower and lower. He shall lend to you, and you shall not lend to him. He shall be the head, and you shall be the tail.</p> <p id="p05028045.01-1">“All these curses shall come upon you and pursue you and overtake you till you are destroyed, because you did not obey the voice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, to keep his commandments and his statutes that he commanded you. They shall be a sign and a wonder against you and your offspring forever. Because you did not serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with joyfulness and gladness of heart, because of the abundance of all things, therefore you shall serve your enemies whom the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will send against you, in hunger and thirst, in nakedness, and lacking everything. And he will put a yoke of iron on your neck until he has destroyed you. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring a nation against you from far away, from the end of the earth, swooping down like the eagle, a nation whose language you do not understand, a hard-faced nation who shall not respect the old or show mercy to the young. It shall eat the offspring of your cattle and the fruit of your ground, until you are destroyed; it also shall not leave you grain, wine, or oil, the increase of your herds or the young of your flock, until they have caused you to perish.</p> <p id="p05028052.01-1">“They shall besiege you in all your towns, until your high and fortified walls, in which you trusted, come down throughout all your land. And they shall besiege you in all your towns throughout all your land, which the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has given you. And you shall eat the fruit of your womb, the flesh of your sons and daughters, whom the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has given you, in the siege and in the distress with which your enemies shall distress you. The man who is the most tender and refined among you will begrudge food to his brother, to the wife he embraces, and to the last of the children whom he has left, so that he will not give to any of them any of the flesh of his children whom he is eating, because he has nothing else left, in the siege and in the distress with which your enemy shall distress you in all your towns. The most tender and refined woman among you, who would not venture to set the sole of her foot on the ground because she is so delicate and tender, will begrudge to the husband she embraces, to her son and to her daughter, her afterbirth that comes out from between her feet and her children whom she bears, because lacking everything she will eat them secretly, in the siege and in the distress with which your enemy shall distress you in your towns.</p> <p id="p05028058.01-1">“If you are not careful to do all the words of this law that are written in this book, that you may fear this glorious and awesome name, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring on you and your offspring extraordinary afflictions, afflictions severe and lasting, and sicknesses grievous and lasting. And he will bring upon you again all the diseases of Egypt, of which you were afraid, and they shall cling to you. Every sickness also and every affliction that is not recorded in the book of this law, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring upon you, until you are destroyed. Whereas you were as numerous as the stars of heaven, you shall be left few in number, because you did not obey the voice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. And as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> took delight in doing you good and multiplying you, so the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will take delight in bringing ruin upon you and destroying you. And you shall be plucked off the land that you are entering to take possession of it.</p> <p id="p05028064.01-1">“And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will scatter you among all peoples, from one end of the earth to the other, and there you shall serve other gods of wood and stone, which neither you nor your fathers have known. And among these nations you shall find no respite, and there shall be no resting place for the sole of your foot, but the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will give you there a trembling heart and failing eyes and a languishing soul. Your life shall hang in doubt before you. Night and day you shall be in dread and have no assurance of your life. In the morning you shall say, ‘If only it were evening!’ and at evening you shall say, ‘If only it were morning!’ because of the dread that your heart shall feel, and the sights that your eyes shall see. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring you back in ships to Egypt, a journey that I promised that you should never make again; and there you shall offer yourselves for sale to your enemies as male and female slaves, but there will be no buyer.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006021.01-1">But what fruit were you getting at that time from the things of which you are now ashamed? For the end of those things is death.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006023.01-2">For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 05 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 19 + WLC 27 — What misery did the fall bring upon mankind?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/04</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 19.</span> What is the misery of that estate whereinto man fell?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> All mankind by their fall lost communion with God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> are under his wrath<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> and curse,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> and so made liable to all the miseries of this life,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup> to death<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc5">5</sup> itself, and to the pains of hell forever.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc6">6</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 27.</span> What misery did the fall bring upon mankind?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The fall brought upon mankind the loss of communion with God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">7</sup> his displeasure and curse;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">8</sup> so as we are by nature children of wrath,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">9</sup> bond slaves to Satan,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">10</sup> and justly liable to all punishments in this world, and that which is to come.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">11</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003008.01-1">And they heard the sound of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God among the trees of the garden.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 3:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003024.01-2">He drove out the man, and at the east of the garden of Eden he placed the cherubim and a flaming sword that turned every way to guard the way to the tree of life.</p> </div><h5>John 8:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43008034.01-3">Jesus answered them, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, everyone who commits sin is a slave to sin.</span></p> </div><h5>John 8:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43008042.01-4">Jesus said to them, <span class="woc">“If God were your Father, you would love me, for I came from God and I am here. I came not of my own accord, but he sent me.</span></p> </div><h5>John 8:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43008044.01-5"><span class="woc">You are of your father the devil, and your will is to do your father's desires. He was a murderer from the beginning, and has nothing to do with the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he lies, he speaks out of his own character, for he is a liar and the father of lies.</span></p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002012.01-6">remember that you were at that time separated from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers to the covenants of promise, having no hope and without God in the world.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004018.01-7">They are darkened in their understanding, alienated from the life of God because of the ignorance that is in them, due to their hardness of heart.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 3:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003036.01-1">Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life; whoever does not obey the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God remains on him.</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45001018.05-2">For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who by their unrighteousness suppress the truth.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002003.01-3">among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the body and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005006.01-4">Let no one deceive you with empty words, for because of these things the wrath of God comes upon the sons of disobedience.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p48003010.07-1">For all who rely on works of the law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.”</p> </div><h5>Revelation 22:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66022003.01-2">No longer will there be anything accursed, but the throne of God and of the Lamb will be in it, and his servants will worship him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:16-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003016.01-1">To the woman he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003016.06-1">“I will surely multiply your pain in childbearing;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall bring forth children.<br/> Your desire shall be for your husband,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall rule over you.”</p> </div> <p id="p01003017.01-1">And to Adam he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003017.06-1">“Because you have listened to the voice of your wife<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have eaten of the tree<br/> of which I commanded you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>‘You shall not eat of it,’<br/> cursed is the ground because of you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall eat of it all the days of your life;<br/>  thorns and thistles it shall bring forth for you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you shall eat the plants of the field.<br/>  By the sweat of your face<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you shall eat bread,<br/> till you return to the ground,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for out of it you were taken;<br/> for you are dust,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to dust you shall return.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Job 5:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18005007.01-2">but man is born to trouble<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as the sparks fly upward.</p> </div> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 2:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21002022.01-3">What has a man from all the toil and striving of heart with which he toils beneath the sun? For all his days are full of sorrow, and his work is a vexation. Even in the night his heart does not rest. This also is vanity.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:18-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45008018.03-4">For I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not worth comparing with the glory that is to be revealed to us. For the creation waits with eager longing for the revealing of the sons of God. For the creation was subjected to futility, not willingly, but because of him who subjected it, in hope that the creation itself will be set free from its bondage to corruption and obtain the freedom of the glory of the children of God. For we know that the whole creation has been groaning together in the pains of childbirth until now. And not only the creation, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for adoption as sons, the redemption of our bodies.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 18:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p26018004.01-1">Behold, all souls are mine; the soul of the father as well as the soul of the son is mine: the soul who sins shall die.</p> </div><h5>Romans 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005012.07-2">Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006023.01-3">For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025041.01-1"><span class="woc">“Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 25:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025046.01-2"><span class="woc">And these will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”</span></p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53001009.01-3">They will suffer the punishment of eternal destruction, away from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of his might,</p> </div><h5>Revelation 14:9-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66014009.01-4">And another angel, a third, followed them, saying with a loud voice, “If anyone worships the beast and its image and receives a mark on his forehead or on his hand, he also will drink the wine of God's wrath, poured full strength into the cup of his anger, and he will be tormented with fire and sulfur in the presence of the holy angels and in the presence of the Lamb. And the smoke of their torment goes up forever and ever, and they have no rest, day or night, these worshipers of the beast and its image, and whoever receives the mark of its name.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003008.01-1">And they heard the sound of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God among the trees of the garden.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003010.01-2">And he said, “I heard the sound of you in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked, and I hid myself.”</p> </div><h5>Genesis 3:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003024.01-3">He drove out the man, and at the east of the garden of Eden he placed the cherubim and a flaming sword that turned every way to guard the way to the tree of life.</p> </div><h5>John 8:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43008034.01-4">Jesus answered them, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, everyone who commits sin is a slave to sin.</span></p> </div><h5>John 8:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43008042.01-5">Jesus said to them, <span class="woc">“If God were your Father, you would love me, for I came from God and I am here. I came not of my own accord, but he sent me.</span></p> </div><h5>John 8:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43008044.01-6"><span class="woc">You are of your father the devil, and your will is to do your father's desires. He was a murderer from the beginning, and has nothing to do with the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he lies, he speaks out of his own character, for he is a liar and the father of lies.</span></p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002012.01-7">remember that you were at that time separated from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers to the covenants of promise, having no hope and without God in the world.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:16-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003016.01-1">To the woman he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003016.06-1">“I will surely multiply your pain in childbearing;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall bring forth children.<br/> Your desire shall be for your husband,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall rule over you.”</p> </div> <p id="p01003017.01-1">And to Adam he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003017.06-1">“Because you have listened to the voice of your wife<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have eaten of the tree<br/> of which I commanded you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>‘You shall not eat of it,’<br/> cursed is the ground because of you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall eat of it all the days of your life;<br/>  thorns and thistles it shall bring forth for you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you shall eat the plants of the field.<br/>  By the sweat of your face<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you shall eat bread,<br/> till you return to the ground,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for out of it you were taken;<br/> for you are dust,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to dust you shall return.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Job 5:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18005007.01-2">but man is born to trouble<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as the sparks fly upward.</p> </div> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 2:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21002022.01-3">What has a man from all the toil and striving of heart with which he toils beneath the sun? For all his days are full of sorrow, and his work is a vexation. Even in the night his heart does not rest. This also is vanity.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:18-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45008018.03-4">For I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not worth comparing with the glory that is to be revealed to us. For the creation waits with eager longing for the revealing of the sons of God. For the creation was subjected to futility, not willingly, but because of him who subjected it, in hope that the creation itself will be set free from its bondage to corruption and obtain the freedom of the glory of the children of God. For we know that the whole creation has been groaning together in the pains of childbirth until now. And not only the creation, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for adoption as sons, the redemption of our bodies.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002002.01-1">in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience— among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the body and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.</p> </div><h5>John 3:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003036.01-2">Whoever believes in the Son has eternal life; whoever does not obey the Son shall not see life, but the wrath of God remains on him.</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45001018.05-3">For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who by their unrighteousness suppress the truth.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005006.01-4">Let no one deceive you with empty words, for because of these things the wrath of God comes upon the sons of disobedience.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 2:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55002026.01-1">and they may come to their senses and escape from the snare of the devil, after being captured by him to do his will.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002017.01-1">but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div><h5>Lamentations 3:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p25003039.01-2">Why should a living man complain,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a man, about the punishment of his sins?</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 6:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006023.01-3">For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 25:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025041.01-4"><span class="woc">“Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 25:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025046.01-5"><span class="woc">And these will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”</span></p> </div><h5>Jude 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p65001007.01-6">just as Sodom and Gomorrah and the surrounding cities, which likewise indulged in sexual immorality and pursued unnatural desire, serve as an example by undergoing a punishment of eternal fire.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 6.6 — Of the fall of man, of sin, and of the punishment thereof, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/03</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 6: Of the Fall of Man, of Sin, and of the Punishment Thereof</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> Every sin, both original and actual, being a transgression of the righteous law of God, and contrary thereunto,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> doth, in its own nature, bring guilt upon the sinner,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> whereby he is bound over to the wrath of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and curse of the law,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> and so made subject to death,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> with all miseries spiritual,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> temporal,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup> and eternal.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf8">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 3:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Everyone who makes a practice of sinning also practices lawlessness; sin is lawlessness.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 2:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002015.01-1">They show that the work of the law is written on their hearts, while their conscience also bears witness, and their conflicting thoughts accuse or even excuse them</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45003009.05-2">What then? Are we Jews any better off? No, not at all. For we have already charged that all, both Jews and Greeks, are under sin,</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003019.01-3">Now we know that whatever the law says it speaks to those who are under the law, so that every mouth may be stopped, and the whole world may be held accountable to God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the flesh and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For all who rely on works of the law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004018.01-1">They are darkened in their understanding, alienated from the life of God because of the ignorance that is in them, due to their hardness of heart.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008020.01-1">For the creation was subjected to futility, not willingly, but because of him who subjected it, in hope</p> </div><h5>Lamentations 3:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p25003039.01-2">Why should a living man complain,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a man, about the punishment of his sins?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels.</span></p> </div> <h5>2 Thessalonians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>They will suffer the punishment of eternal destruction, away from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of his might,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 26 — How is original sin conveyed from our first parents unto their posterity?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/02</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 26.</span> How is original sin conveyed from our first parents unto their posterity?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Original sin is conveyed from our first parents unto their posterity by natural generation, so as all that proceed from them in that way are conceived and born in sin.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 51:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051005.01-1">Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and in sin did my mother conceive me.</p> </div> </div><h5>Job 14:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18014004.01-2">Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>There is not one.</p> </div> </div><h5>John 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003006.01-3"><span class="woc">That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 02 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 6.5 — Of the fall of man, of sin, and of the punishment thereof, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/03/01</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 6: Of the Fall of Man, of Sin, and of the Punishment Thereof</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> This corruption of nature, during this life, doth remain in those that are regenerated;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and although it be, through Christ, pardoned, and mortified; yet both itself, and all the motions thereof, are truly and properly sin.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 20:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Who can say, “I have made my heart pure;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I am clean from my sin”?</p> </div> </div> <h5>Ecclesiastes 7:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Surely there is not a righteous man on earth who does good and never sins.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 7:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we know that the law is spiritual, but I am of the flesh, sold under sin.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 7:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So now it is no longer I who do it, but sin that dwells within me. For I know that nothing good dwells in me, that is, in my flesh. For I have the desire to do what is right, but not the ability to carry it out.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 7:21-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So I find it to be a law that when I want to do right, evil lies close at hand. For I delight in the law of God, in my inner being, but I see in my members another law waging war against the law of my mind and making me captive to the law of sin that dwells in my members.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 1:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If we say we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If we say we have not sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 7:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>What then shall we say? That the law is sin? By no means! Yet if it had not been for the law, I would not have known sin. For I would not have known what it is to covet if the law had not said, “You shall not covet.” But sin, seizing an opportunity through the commandment, produced in me all kinds of covetousness. For apart from the law, sin lies dead.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 7:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Thanks be to God through Jesus Christ our Lord! So then, I myself serve the law of God with my mind, but with my flesh I serve the law of sin.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the desires of the flesh are against the Spirit, and the desires of the Spirit are against the flesh, for these are opposed to each other, to keep you from doing the things you want to do.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Mar 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 18 + WLC 25 — Wherein consists the sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/28</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 18.</span> Wherein consists the sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell, consists in the guilt of Adam's first sin,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> the want of original righteousness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> and the corruption of his whole nature,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> which is commonly called original sin; together with all actual transgressions which proceed from it.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 25.</span> Wherein consisteth the sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell, consisteth in the guilt of Adam's first sin,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">5</sup> the want of that righteousness wherein he was created, and the corruption of his nature, whereby he is utterly indisposed, disabled, and made opposite unto all that is spiritually good, and wholly inclined to all evil, and that continually;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">6</sup> which is commonly called original sin, and from which do proceed all actual transgressions.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">7</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005012.07-1">Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—</p> </div><h5>Romans 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005019.01-2">For as by the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man's obedience the many will be made righteous.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003010.01-1">as it is written:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45003010.05-1">“None is righteous, no, not one;</p> </div> </div><h5>Colossians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003010.01-2">and have put on the new self, which is being renewed in knowledge after the image of its creator.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004024.01-3">and to put on the new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 51:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051005.01-1">Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and in sin did my mother conceive me.</p> </div> </div><h5>John 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003006.01-2"><span class="woc">That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 3:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45003018.01-3"><span class="indent"></span>“There is no fear of God before their eyes.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 8:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008007.01-4">For the mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God, for it does not submit to God's law; indeed, it cannot. Those who are in the flesh cannot please God.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002003.01-5">among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the body and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 6:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01006005.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every intention of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 53:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19053001.17-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19053001-2">53:1 </span>The fool says in his heart, “There is no God.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>They are corrupt, doing abominable iniquity;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>there is none who does good.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19053002.01-2">God looks down from heaven<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on the children of man<br/> to see if there are any who understand,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who seek after God.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19053003.01-2">They have all fallen away;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>together they have become corrupt;<br/> there is none who does good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>not even one.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 15:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40015019.01-3"><span class="woc">For out of the heart come evil thoughts, murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false witness, slander.</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 3:10-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003010.01-4">as it is written:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45003010.05-4">“None is righteous, no, not one;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one understands;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one seeks for God.<br/>  All have turned aside; together they have become worthless;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one does good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>not even one.”<br/>  “Their throat is an open grave;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they use their tongues to deceive.”<br/> “The venom of asps is under their lips.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Their mouth is full of curses and bitterness.”<br/>  “Their feet are swift to shed blood;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in their paths are ruin and misery,<br/>  and the way of peace they have not known.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“There is no fear of God before their eyes.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 3:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003023.01-5">for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,</p> </div><h5>Galatians 5:19-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005019.01-6">Now the works of the flesh are evident: sexual immorality, impurity, sensuality, idolatry, sorcery, enmity, strife, jealousy, fits of anger, rivalries, dissensions, divisions, envy, drunkenness, orgies, and things like these. I warn you, as I warned you before, that those who do such things will not inherit the kingdom of God.</p> </div><h5>James 1:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001014.01-7">But each person is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desire. Then desire when it has conceived gives birth to sin, and sin when it is fully grown brings forth death.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005012.07-1">Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—</p> </div><h5>Romans 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005019.01-2">For as by the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man's obedience the many will be made righteous.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 15:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015022.01-3">For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ shall all be made alive.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:10-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003010.01-1">as it is written:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45003010.05-1">“None is righteous, no, not one;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one understands;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one seeks for God.<br/>  All have turned aside; together they have become worthless;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one does good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>not even one.”<br/>  “Their throat is an open grave;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they use their tongues to deceive.”<br/> “The venom of asps is under their lips.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Their mouth is full of curses and bitterness.”<br/>  “Their feet are swift to shed blood;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in their paths are ruin and misery,<br/>  and the way of peace they have not known.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“There is no fear of God before their eyes.”</p> </div> <p id="p45003019.01-1">Now we know that whatever the law says it speaks to those who are under the law, so that every mouth may be stopped, and the whole world may be held accountable to God.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49002001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v49002001-2">2:1 </span>And you were dead in the trespasses and sins in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience— among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the body and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.</p> </div><h5>Romans 5:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005006.01-3">For while we were still weak, at the right time Christ died for the ungodly.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008007.01-4">For the mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God, for it does not submit to God's law; indeed, it cannot. Those who are in the flesh cannot please God.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 6:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01006005.01-5">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every intention of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003010.01-6">and have put on the new self, which is being renewed in knowledge after the image of its creator.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004024.01-7">and to put on the new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 1:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But each person is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desire. Then desire when it has conceived gives birth to sin, and sin when it is fully grown brings forth death.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 53:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The fool says in his heart, “There is no God.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>They are corrupt, doing abominable iniquity;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>there is none who does good.<br/> God looks down from heaven<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on the children of man<br/> to see if there are any who understand,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who seek after God.<br/> They have all fallen away;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>together they have become corrupt;<br/> there is none who does good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>not even one.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Matthew 15:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">For out of the heart come evil thoughts, murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false witness, slander.</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:10-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>as it is written:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“None is righteous, no, not one;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one understands;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one seeks for God.<br/> All have turned aside; together they have become worthless;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one does good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>not even one.”<br/> “Their throat is an open grave;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they use their tongues to deceive.”<br/> “The venom of asps is under their lips.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Their mouth is full of curses and bitterness.”<br/> “Their feet are swift to shed blood;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in their paths are ruin and misery,<br/> and the way of peace they have not known.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“There is no fear of God before their eyes.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Galatians 5:19-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now the works of the flesh are evident: sexual immorality, impurity, sensuality, idolatry, sorcery, enmity, strife, jealousy, fits of anger, rivalries, dissensions, divisions, envy, drunkenness, orgies, and things like these. I warn you, as I warned you before, that those who do such things will not inherit the kingdom of God.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 6.4 — Of the fall of man, of sin, and of the punishment thereof, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/27</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 6: Of the Fall of Man, of Sin, and of the Punishment Thereof</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> From this original corruption, whereby we are utterly indisposed, disabled, and made opposite to all good,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and wholly inclined to all evil,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> do proceed all actual transgressions.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005006.01-1">For while we were still weak, at the right time Christ died for the ungodly.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 7:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007018.01-3">For I know that nothing good dwells in me, that is, in my flesh. For I have the desire to do what is right, but not the ability to carry it out.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008007.01-2">For the mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God, for it does not submit to God's law; indeed, it cannot.</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 1:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001021.01-4">And you, who once were alienated and hostile in mind, doing evil deeds,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 8:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> smelled the pleasing aroma, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said in his heart, “I will never again curse the ground because of man, for the intention of man’s heart is evil from his youth. Neither will I ever again strike down every living creature as I have done.</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 6:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every intention of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:10-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>as it is written:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“None is righteous, no, not one;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one understands;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one seeks for God.<br/> All have turned aside; together they have become worthless;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one does good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>not even one.”</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 15:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40015019.01-3"><span class="woc">For out of the heart come evil thoughts, murder, adultery, sexual immorality, theft, false witness, slander.</span> </p><h5>James 1:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001014.01-1">But each person is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desire. Then desire when it has conceived gives birth to sin, and sin when it is fully grown brings forth death.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002002.01-2">in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience— among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the body and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.</p> </div>  (ESV) </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 27 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 17 + WLC 23 — Into what estate did the fall bring mankind?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/26</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 17.</span> Into what estate did the fall bring mankind?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin and misery.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 23.</span> Into what estate did the fall bring mankind?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The fall brought mankind into an estate of sin and misery.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:16-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003016.01-1">To the woman he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003016.06-1">“I will surely multiply your pain in childbearing;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall bring forth children.<br/> Your desire shall be for your husband,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall rule over you.”</p> </div> <p id="p01003017.01-1">And to Adam he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003017.06-1">“Because you have listened to the voice of your wife<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have eaten of the tree<br/> of which I commanded you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>‘You shall not eat of it,’<br/> cursed is the ground because of you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall eat of it all the days of your life;<br/>  thorns and thistles it shall bring forth for you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you shall eat the plants of the field.<br/>  By the sweat of your face<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you shall eat bread,<br/> till you return to the ground,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for out of it you were taken;<br/> for you are dust,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to dust you shall return.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Genesis 3:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003023.01-2">therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God sent him out from the garden of Eden to work the ground from which he was taken.</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45003016.01-3"><span class="indent"></span>in their paths are ruin and misery,</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005012.07-4">Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49002001.05-5"><span class="chapter-num" id="v49002001-5">2:1 </span>And you were dead in the trespasses and sins  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:16-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003016.01-1">To the woman he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003016.06-1">“I will surely multiply your pain in childbearing;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall bring forth children.<br/> Your desire shall be for your husband,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall rule over you.”</p> </div> <p id="p01003017.01-1">And to Adam he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003017.06-1">“Because you have listened to the voice of your wife<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have eaten of the tree<br/> of which I commanded you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>‘You shall not eat of it,’<br/> cursed is the ground because of you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall eat of it all the days of your life;<br/>  thorns and thistles it shall bring forth for you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you shall eat the plants of the field.<br/>  By the sweat of your face<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you shall eat bread,<br/> till you return to the ground,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for out of it you were taken;<br/> for you are dust,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to dust you shall return.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005012.07-2">Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49002001.05-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v49002001-3">2:1 </span>And you were dead in the trespasses and sins</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45003016.01-4"><span class="indent"></span>in their paths are ruin and misery,</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 3:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003023.01-5">for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 26 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 16 + WLC 22 — Did all mankind fall in Adam's first transgression?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/25</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 16.</span> Did all mankind fall in Adam's first transgression?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The covenant being made with Adam,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> not only for himself, but for his posterity; all mankind, descending from him by ordinary generation, sinned in him, and fell with him, in his first transgression.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 22.</span> Did all mankind fall in that first transgression?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The covenant being made with Adam as a public person, not for himself only, but for his posterity, all mankind descending from him by ordinary generation,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> sinned in him, and fell with him in that first transgression.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002016.01-1">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God commanded the man, saying, “You may surely eat of every tree of the garden, but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div><h5>James 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002010.01-2">For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become accountable for all of it.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:12-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005012.07-1">Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned— for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not counted where there is no law. Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.</p> <p id="p45005015.01-1">But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man's trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for many. And the free gift is not like the result of that one man's sin. For the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses brought justification. For if, because of one man's trespass, death reigned through that one man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.</p> <p id="p45005018.01-1">Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men. For as by the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man's obedience the many will be made righteous. Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased, grace abounded all the more, so that, as sin reigned in death, grace also might reign through righteousness leading to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 15:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015022.01-2">For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ shall all be made alive.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 17:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017026.01-1">And he made from one man every nation of mankind to live on all the face of the earth, having determined allotted periods and the boundaries of their dwelling place,</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003023.01-2">for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002016.01-1">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God commanded the man, saying, “You may surely eat of every tree of the garden, but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div><h5>James 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59002010.01-2">For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become accountable for all of it.</p> </div><h5>Romans 5:12-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005012.07-3">Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned— for sin indeed was in the world before the law was given, but sin is not counted where there is no law. Yet death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over those whose sinning was not like the transgression of Adam, who was a type of the one who was to come.</p> <p id="p45005015.01-3">But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man's trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for many. And the free gift is not like the result of that one man's sin. For the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses brought justification. For if, because of one man's trespass, death reigned through that one man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.</p> <p id="p45005018.01-3">Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men. For as by the one man's disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man's obedience the many will be made righteous. Now the law came in to increase the trespass, but where sin increased, grace abounded all the more,</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 15:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015021.01-4">For as by a man came death, by a man has come also the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ shall all be made alive.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 25 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 6.3 — Of the fall of man, of sin, and of the punishment thereof, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/24</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 6: Of the Fall of Man, of Sin, and of the Punishment Thereof</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> They being the root of all mankind, the guilt of this sin was imputed;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and the same death in sin, and corrupted nature, conveyed to all their posterity descending from them by ordinary generation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 17:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he made from one man every nation of mankind to live on all the face of the earth, having determined allotted periods and the boundaries of their dwelling place,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—</p> </div> <h5>Romans 5:15-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the free gift is not like the trespass. For if many died through one man’s trespass, much more have the grace of God and the free gift by the grace of that one man Jesus Christ abounded for many. And the free gift is not like the result of that one man’s sin. For the judgment following one trespass brought condemnation, but the free gift following many trespasses brought justification. For if, because of one man’s trespass, death reigned through that one man, much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and the free gift of righteousness reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ.</p> <p>Therefore, as one trespass led to condemnation for all men, so one act of righteousness leads to justification and life for all men. For as by the one man’s disobedience the many were made sinners, so by the one man’s obedience the many will be made righteous.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 15:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For as by a man came death, by a man has come also the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ shall all be made alive.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 15:49</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Just as we have borne the image of the man of dust, we shall also bear the image of the man of heaven.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 51:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Behold, I was brought forth in iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and in sin did my mother conceive me.</p> </div> </div> <h5>John 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">That which is born of the flesh is flesh, and that which is born of the Spirit is spirit.</span></p> </div> <h5>Genesis 5:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>When Adam had lived 130 years, he fathered a son in his own likeness, after his image, and named him Seth.</p> </div> <h5>Job 15:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">What is man, that he can be pure?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Or he who is born of a woman, that he can be righteous?</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 24 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 6.2 — Of the fall of man, of sin, and of the punishment thereof, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/23</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 6: Of the Fall of Man, of Sin, and of the Punishment Thereof</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> By this sin they fell from their original righteousness and communion with God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and so became dead in sin,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and wholly defiled in all the parts and faculties of soul and body.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of its fruit and ate, and she also gave some to her husband who was with her, and he ate. Then the eyes of both were opened, and they knew that they were naked. And they sewed fig leaves together and made themselves loincloths.</p> <p>And they heard the sound of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God among the trees of the garden.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And you were dead in the trespasses and sins in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience—among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the flesh and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 6:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every intention of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.</p> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 17:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The heart is deceitful above all things,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and desperately sick;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who can understand it?</p> </div> </div> <h5>Titus 1:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>To the pure, all things are pure, but to the defiled and unbelieving, nothing is pure; but both their minds and their consciences are defiled.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:10-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>as it is written:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“None is righteous, no, not one;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one understands;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one seeks for God.<br/> All have turned aside; together they have become worthless;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one does good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>not even one.”<br/> “Their throat is an open grave;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they use their tongues to deceive.”<br/> “The venom of asps is under their lips.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Their mouth is full of curses and bitterness.”<br/> “Their feet are swift to shed blood;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in their paths are ruin and misery,<br/> and the way of peace they have not known.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“There is no fear of God before their eyes.”</p> </div> <p>Now we know that whatever the law says it speaks to those who are under the law, so that every mouth may be stopped, and the whole world may be held accountable to God.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 23 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 15 — What was the sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/22</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 15.</span> What was the sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created, was their eating the forbidden fruit.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003006.01-1">So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of its fruit and ate, and she also gave some to her husband who was with her, and he ate.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 22 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 14 + WLC 24 — What is sin?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/21</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 14.</span> What is sin?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, the law of God.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 24.</span> What is sin?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of, any law of God, given as a rule to the reasonable creature.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03005017.01-1">“If anyone sins, doing any of the things that by the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s commandments ought not to be done, though he did not know it, then realizes his guilt, he shall bear his iniquity.</p> </div><h5>James 4:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59004017.01-2">So whoever knows the right thing to do and fails to do it, for him it is sin.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003004.01-3">Everyone who makes a practice of sinning also practices lawlessness; sin is lawlessness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03005017.01-1">“If anyone sins, doing any of the things that by the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s commandments ought not to be done, though he did not know it, then realizes his guilt, he shall bear his iniquity.</p> </div><h5>James 4:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59004017.01-2">So whoever knows the right thing to do and fails to do it, for him it is sin.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003004.01-3">Everyone who makes a practice of sinning also practices lawlessness; sin is lawlessness.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p48003010.07-4">For all who rely on works of the law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.”</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003012.01-5">But the law is not of faith, rather “The one who does them shall live by them.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 21 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 13 + WLC 21 — Did man continue in that estate wherein God at first created him?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/20</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 13.</span> Did our first parents continue in the estate wherein they were created?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Our first parents, being left to the freedom of their own will, fell from the estate wherein they were created, by sinning against God.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 21.</span> Did man continue in that estate wherein God at first created him?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Our first parents being left to the freedom of their own will, through the temptation of Satan, transgressed the commandment of God in eating the forbidden fruit; and thereby fell from the estate of innocency wherein they were created.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003006.01-1">So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of its fruit and ate, and she also gave some to her husband who was with her, and he ate. Then the eyes of both were opened, and they knew that they were naked. And they sewed fig leaves together and made themselves loincloths.</p> <p id="p01003008.01-1">And they heard the sound of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God among the trees of the garden.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003013.01-2">Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God said to the woman, “What is this that you have done?” The woman said, “The serpent deceived me, and I ate.”</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 11:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47011003.01-3">But I am afraid that as the serpent deceived Eve by his cunning, your thoughts will be led astray from a sincere and pure devotion to Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003006.01-1">So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of its fruit and ate, and she also gave some to her husband who was with her, and he ate. Then the eyes of both were opened, and they knew that they were naked. And they sewed fig leaves together and made themselves loincloths.</p> <p id="p01003008.01-1">And they heard the sound of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God among the trees of the garden.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003013.01-2">Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God said to the woman, “What is this that you have done?” The woman said, “The serpent deceived me, and I ate.”</p> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 7:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21007029.01-3">See, this alone I found, that God made man upright, but they have sought out many schemes.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 11:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47011003.01-4">But I am afraid that as the serpent deceived Eve by his cunning, your thoughts will be led astray from a sincere and pure devotion to Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 20 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 6.1 — Of the fall of man, of sin, and of the punishment thereof, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/19</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 6: Of the Fall of Man, of Sin, and of the Punishment Thereof</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> Our first parents, being seduced by the subtlety and temptation of Satan, sinned, in eating the forbidden fruit.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> This their sin, God was pleased, according to his wise and holy counsel, to permit, having purposed to order it to his own glory.</p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003013.01-1">Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God said to the woman, “What is this that you have done?” The woman said, “The serpent deceived me, and I ate.”</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 11:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47011003.01-2">But I am afraid that as the serpent deceived Eve by his cunning, your thoughts will be led astray from a sincere and pure devotion to Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 19 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 5.7 — Of providence, part 7</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/18</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 5: Of Providence</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">7.</span> As the providence of God doth, in general, reach to all creatures; so, after a most special manner, it taketh care of his church, and disposeth all things to the good thereof.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 4:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For to this end we toil and strive, because we have our hope set on the living God, who is the Savior of all people, especially of those who believe.</p> </div> <h5>Amos 9:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Behold, the eyes of the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span> are upon the sinful kingdom,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will destroy it from the surface of the ground,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>except that I will not utterly destroy the house of Jacob,”<br/> declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.<br/> “For behold, I will command,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shake the house of Israel among all the nations<br/> as one shakes with a sieve,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but no pebble shall fall to the earth.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Matthew 16:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And I tell you, you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purpose.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 43:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">For I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the Holy One of Israel, your Savior.<br/> I give Egypt as your ransom,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Cush and Seba in exchange for you.<br/> Because you are precious in my eyes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and honored, and I love you,<br/> I give men in return for you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>peoples in exchange for your life.<br/> Fear not, for I am with you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will bring your offspring from the east,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and from the west I will gather you.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 43:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your Redeemer, the Holy One of Israel:<br/> “For your sake I send to Babylon<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and bring them all down as fugitives,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>even the Chaldeans, in the ships in which they rejoice.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 18 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 5.6 — Of providence, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/17</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 5: Of Providence</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> As for those wicked and ungodly men whom God, as a righteous Judge, for former sins, doth blind and harden,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> from them he not only withholdeth his grace whereby they might have been enlightened in their understandings, and wrought upon in their hearts;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> but sometimes also withdraweth the gifts which they had,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and exposeth them to such objects as their corruption makes occasions of sin;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> and, withal, gives them over to their own lusts, the temptations of the world, and the power of Satan,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> whereby it comes to pass that they harden themselves, even under those means which God useth for the softening of others.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001024.01-1">Therefore God gave them up in the lusts of their hearts to impurity, to the dishonoring of their bodies among themselves,</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001026.01-2">For this reason God gave them up to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged natural relations for those that are contrary to nature;</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001028.01-3">And since they did not see fit to acknowledge God, God gave them up to a debased mind to do what ought not to be done.</p> </div><h5>Romans 11:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45011007.01-4">What then? Israel failed to obtain what it was seeking. The elect obtained it, but the rest were hardened, as it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45011008.05-4">“God gave them a spirit of stupor,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>eyes that would not see<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and ears that would not hear,<br/> down to this very day.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 29:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But to this day the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has not given you a heart to understand or eyes to see or ears to hear.</p> </div> <h5>Mark 4:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he said to them, <span class="woc">“To you has been given the secret of the kingdom of God, but for those outside everything is in parables,</span> <span class="woc">so that</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">“‘they may indeed see but not perceive,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">and may indeed hear but not understand,</span><br/> <span class="woc">lest they should turn and be forgiven.’”</span></p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 13:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">For to the one who has, more will be given, and he will have an abundance, but from the one who has not, even what he has will be taken away.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 25:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">For to everyone who has will more be given, and he will have an abundance. But from the one who has not, even what he has will be taken away.</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 13:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and said, “You son of the devil, you enemy of all righteousness, full of all deceit and villainy, will you not stop making crooked the straight paths of the Lord? And now, behold, the hand of the Lord is upon you, and you will be blind and unable to see the sun for a time.” Immediately mist and darkness fell upon him, and he went about seeking people to lead him by the hand.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 4:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Cain spoke to Abel his brother. And when they were in the field, Cain rose up against his brother Abel and killed him.</p> </div> <h5>2 Kings 8:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Hazael said, “Why does my lord weep?” He answered, “Because I know the evil that you will do to the people of Israel. You will set on fire their fortresses, and you will kill their young men with the sword and dash in pieces their little ones and rip open their pregnant women.” And Hazael said, “What is your servant, who is but a dog, that he should do this great thing?” Elisha answered, “The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has shown me that you are to be king over Syria.”</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 26:14-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then one of the twelve, whose name was Judas Iscariot, went to the chief priests and said, “What will you give me if I deliver him over to you?” And they paid him thirty pieces of silver. And from that moment he sought an opportunity to betray him.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 109:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Appoint a wicked man against him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let an accuser stand at his right hand.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Luke 22:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then Satan entered into Judas called Iscariot, who was of the number of the twelve.</p> </div> <h5>2 Thessalonians 2:10-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and with all wicked deception for those who are perishing, because they refused to love the truth and so be saved. Therefore God sends them a strong delusion, so that they may believe what is false, in order that all may be condemned who did not believe the truth but had pleasure in unrighteousness.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 8:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But when Pharaoh saw that there was a respite, he hardened his heart and would not listen to them, as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> had said.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 8:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But Pharaoh hardened his heart this time also, and did not let the people go.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 2:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we are the aroma of Christ to God among those who are being saved and among those who are perishing, to one a fragrance from death to death, to the other a fragrance from life to life. Who is sufficient for these things?</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 8:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he will become a sanctuary and a stone of offense and a rock of stumbling to both houses of Israel, a trap and a snare to the inhabitants of Jerusalem.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 2:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">So the honor is for you who believe, but for those who do not believe,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“The stone that the builders rejected<br/> <span class="indent"></span>has become the cornerstone,”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">and</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“A stone of stumbling,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a rock of offense.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">They stumble because they disobey the word, as they were destined to do.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 7:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and though I multiply my signs and wonders in the land of Egypt,</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 6:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he said, “Go, and say to this people:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“‘Keep on hearing, but do not understand;<br/> keep on seeing, but do not perceive.’<br/> Make the heart of this people dull,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their ears heavy,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and blind their eyes;<br/> lest they see with their eyes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and hear with their ears,<br/> and understand with their hearts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and turn and be healed.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Acts 28:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“‘Go to this people, and say,<br/> “You will indeed hear but never understand,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you will indeed see but never perceive.”<br/> For this people’s heart has grown dull,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with their ears they can barely hear,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their eyes they have closed;<br/> lest they should see with their eyes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and hear with their ears<br/> and understand with their heart<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and turn, and I would heal them.’</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 17 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 5.5 — Of providence, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/16</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 5: Of Providence</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> The most wise, righteous, and gracious God doth oftentimes leave, for a season, his own children to manifold temptations, and the corruption of their own hearts, to chastise them for their former sins, or to discover unto them the hidden strength of corruption and deceitfulness of their hearts, that they may be humbled;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and, to raise them to a more close and constant dependence for their support upon himself, and to make them more watchful against all future occasions of sin, and for sundry other just and holy ends.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Chronicles 32:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But Hezekiah did not make return according to the benefit done to him, for his heart was proud. Therefore wrath came upon him and Judah and Jerusalem. But Hezekiah humbled himself for the pride of his heart, both he and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, so that the wrath of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> did not come upon them in the days of Hezekiah.</p> </div> <h5>2 Chronicles 32:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And so in the matter of the envoys of the princes of Babylon, who had been sent to him to inquire about the sign that had been done in the land, God left him to himself, in order to test him and to know all that was in his heart.</p> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 8:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And you shall remember the whole way that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has led you these forty years in the wilderness, that he might humble you, testing you to know what was in your heart, whether you would keep his commandments or not. And he humbled you and let you hunger and fed you with manna, which you did not know, nor did your fathers know, that he might make you know that man does not live by bread alone, but man lives by every word that comes from the mouth of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 8:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Know then in your heart that, as a man disciplines his son, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God disciplines you.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 22:31-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Simon, Simon, behold, Satan demanded to have you, that he might sift you like wheat,</span> <span class="woc">but I have prayed for you that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned again, strengthen your brothers.”</span></p> </div> <h5>2 Samuel 24:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Again the anger of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> was kindled against Israel, and he incited David against them, saying, “Go, number Israel and Judah.”</p> </div> <h5>2 Samuel 24:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And David built there an altar to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and offered burnt offerings and peace offerings. So the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> responded to the plea for the land, and the plague was averted from Israel.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 12:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So to keep me from becoming conceited because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations, a thorn was given me in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to harass me, to keep me from becoming conceited. Three times I pleaded with the Lord about this, that it should leave me. But he said to me, <span class="woc">“My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.”</span> Therefore I will boast all the more gladly of my weaknesses, so that the power of Christ may rest upon me.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 73:1-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Truly God is good to Israel,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to those who are pure in heart.<br/> But as for me, my feet had almost stumbled,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my steps had nearly slipped.<br/> For I was envious of the arrogant<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I saw the prosperity of the wicked.<br/> For they have no pangs until death;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>their bodies are fat and sleek.<br/> They are not in trouble as others are;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they are not stricken like the rest of mankind.<br/> Therefore pride is their necklace;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>violence covers them as a garment.<br/> Their eyes swell out through fatness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>their hearts overflow with follies.<br/> They scoff and speak with malice;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>loftily they threaten oppression.<br/> They set their mouths against the heavens,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their tongue struts through the earth.<br/> Therefore his people turn back to them,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and find no fault in them.<br/> And they say, “How can God know?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Is there knowledge in the Most High?”<br/> Behold, these are the wicked;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>always at ease, they increase in riches.<br/> All in vain have I kept my heart clean<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and washed my hands in innocence.<br/> For all the day long I have been stricken<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and rebuked every morning.<br/> If I had said, “I will speak thus,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I would have betrayed the generation of your children.<br/> But when I thought how to understand this,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>it seemed to me a wearisome task,<br/> until I went into the sanctuary of God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>then I discerned their end.<br/> Truly you set them in slippery places;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you make them fall to ruin.<br/> How they are destroyed in a moment,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>swept away utterly by terrors!<br/> Like a dream when one awakes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O Lord, when you rouse yourself, you despise them as phantoms.<br/> When my soul was embittered,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I was pricked in heart,<br/> I was brutish and ignorant;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I was like a beast toward you.<br/> Nevertheless, I am continually with you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you hold my right hand.<br/> You guide me with your counsel,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and afterward you will receive me to glory.<br/> Whom have I in heaven but you?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>And there is nothing on earth that I desire besides you.<br/> My flesh and my heart may fail,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but God is the strength of my heart and my portion forever.<br/> For behold, those who are far from you shall perish;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you put an end to everyone who is unfaithful to you.<br/> But for me it is good to be near God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I have made the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span> my refuge,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may tell of all your works.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Mark 14:66-72</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And as Peter was below in the courtyard, one of the servant girls of the high priest came, and seeing Peter warming himself, she looked at him and said, “You also were with the Nazarene, Jesus.” But he denied it, saying, “I neither know nor understand what you mean.” And he went out into the gateway and the rooster crowed. And the servant girl saw him and began again to say to the bystanders, “This man is one of them.” But again he denied it. And after a little while the bystanders again said to Peter, “Certainly you are one of them, for you are a Galilean.” But he began to invoke a curse on himself and to swear, “I do not know this man of whom you speak.” And immediately the rooster crowed a second time. And Peter remembered how Jesus had said to him, <span class="woc">“Before the rooster crows twice, you will deny me three times.”</span> And he broke down and wept.</p> </div> <h5>John 21:15-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>When they had finished breakfast, Jesus said to Simon Peter, <span class="woc">“Simon, son of John, do you love me more than these?”</span> He said to him, “Yes, Lord; you know that I love you.” He said to him, <span class="woc">“Feed my lambs.”</span> He said to him a second time, <span class="woc">“Simon, son of John, do you love me?”</span> He said to him, “Yes, Lord; you know that I love you.” He said to him, <span class="woc">“Tend my sheep.”</span> He said to him the third time, <span class="woc">“Simon, son of John, do you love me?”</span> Peter was grieved because he said to him the third time, <span class="woc">“Do you love me?”</span> and he said to him, “Lord, you know everything; you know that I love you.” Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Feed my sheep.</span> <span class="woc">Truly, truly, I say to you, when you were young, you used to dress yourself and walk wherever you wanted, but when you are old, you will stretch out your hands, and another will dress you and carry you where you do not want to go.”</span> (This he said to show by what kind of death he was to glorify God.) And after saying this he said to him, <span class="woc">“Follow me.”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 16 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 19 — What is God's providence towards the angels?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/15</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 19.</span> What is God's providence towards the angels?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> God by his providence permitted some of the angels, willfully and irrecoverably, to fall into sin and damnation,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> limiting and ordering that, and all their sins, to his own glory;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and established the rest in holiness and happiness;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> employing them all,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> at his pleasure, in the administrations of his power, mercy, and justice.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jude 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p65001006.01-1">And the angels who did not stay within their own position of authority, but left their proper dwelling, he has kept in eternal chains under gloomy darkness until the judgment of the great day—</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61002004.01-2">For if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but cast them into hell and committed them to chains of gloomy darkness to be kept until the judgment;</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 2:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002016.01-3">For surely it is not angels that he helps, but he helps the offspring of Abraham.</p> </div><h5>John 8:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43008044.01-4"><span class="woc">You are of your father the devil, and your will is to do your father's desires. He was a murderer from the beginning, and has nothing to do with the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he lies, he speaks out of his own character, for he is a liar and the father of lies.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Job 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p18001012.01-1">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Satan, “Behold, all that he has is in your hand. Only against him do not stretch out your hand.” So Satan went out from the presence of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 8:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40008031.01-2">And the demons begged him, saying, “If you cast us out, send us away into the herd of pigs.”</p> </div><h5>Luke 10:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42010017.06-3">The seventy-two returned with joy, saying, “Lord, even the demons are subject to us in your name!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 5:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54005021.01-1">In the presence of God and of Christ Jesus and of the elect angels I charge you to keep these rules without prejudging, doing nothing from partiality.</p> </div><h5>Mark 8:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41008038.01-2"><span class="woc">For whoever is ashamed of me and of my words in this adulterous and sinful generation, of him will the Son of Man also be ashamed when he comes in the glory of his Father with the holy angels.”</span></p> </div><h5>Hebrews 12:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012022.01-3">But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to innumerable angels in festal gathering,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 103:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19103020.01-1">Bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, O you his angels,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you mighty ones who do his word,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>obeying the voice of his word!</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 104:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19104004.01-2">he makes his messengers winds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his ministers a flaming fire.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p58001014.01-1">Are they not all ministering spirits sent out to serve for the sake of those who are to inherit salvation?</p> </div><h5>2 Kings 19:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p12019035.01-2">And that night the angel of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> went out and struck down 185,000 in the camp of the Assyrians. And when people arose early in the morning, behold, these were all dead bodies.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 15 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 5.4 — Of providence, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/14</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 5: Of Providence</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> The almighty power, unsearchable wisdom, and infinite goodness of God so far manifest themselves in his providence, that it extendeth itself even to the first fall, and all other sins of angels and men;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and that not by a bare permission,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> but such as hath joined with it a most wise and powerful bounding,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and otherwise ordering, and governing of them, in a manifold dispensation, to his own holy ends;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> yet so, as the sinfulness thereof proceedeth only from the creature, and not from God, who, being most holy and righteous, neither is nor can be the author or approver of sin.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 45:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I form light and create darkness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I make well-being and create calamity;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, who does all these things.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Romans 11:32-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">For God has consigned all to disobedience, that he may have mercy on all.</p> <p>Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“For who has known the mind of the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or who has been his counselor?”</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Samuel 16:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the king said, “What have I to do with you, you sons of Zeruiah? If he is cursing because the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has said to him, ‘Curse David,’ who then shall say, ‘Why have you done so?’”</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>this Jesus, delivered up according to the definite plan and foreknowledge of God, you crucified and killed by the hands of lawless men.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 4:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">for truly in this city there were gathered together against your holy servant Jesus, whom you anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, along with the Gentiles and the peoples of Israel, to do whatever your hand and your plan had predestined to take place.</p> </div> <h5>2 Samuel 24:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Again the anger of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> was kindled against Israel, and he incited David against them, saying, “Go, number Israel and Judah.”</p> </div> <h5>1 Chronicles 21:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then Satan stood against Israel and incited David to number Israel.</p> </div> <h5>1 Kings 22:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to him, ‘By what means?’ And he said, ‘I will go out, and will be a lying spirit in the mouth of all his prophets.’ And he said, ‘You are to entice him, and you shall succeed; go out and do so.’ Now therefore behold, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has put a lying spirit in the mouth of all these your prophets; the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has declared disaster for you.”</p> </div> <h5>1 Chronicles 10:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then Saul said to his armor-bearer, “Draw your sword and thrust me through with it, lest these uncircumcised come and mistreat me.” But his armor-bearer would not, for he feared greatly. Therefore Saul took his own sword and fell upon it.</p> </div> <h5>1 Chronicles 10:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So Saul died for his breach of faith. He broke faith with the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in that he did not keep the command of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and also consulted a medium, seeking guidance. He did not seek guidance from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> put him to death and turned the kingdom over to David the son of Jesse.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 12:40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“He has blinded their eyes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and hardened their heart,<br/> lest they see with their eyes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and understand with their heart, and turn,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I would heal them.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Thessalonians 2:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore God sends them a strong delusion, so that they may believe what is false,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 76:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19076010.01-1">Surely the wrath of man shall praise you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the remnant of wrath you will put on like a belt.</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Kings 19:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p12019028.01-2">Because you have raged against me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your complacency has come into my ears,<br/> I will put my hook in your nose<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my bit in your mouth,<br/> and I will turn you back on the way<br/> <span class="indent"></span>by which you came.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 50:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>As for you, you meant evil against me, but God meant it for good, to bring it about that many people should be kept alive, as they are today.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 10:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>When the Lord has finished all his work on Mount Zion and on Jerusalem, he will punish the speech of the arrogant heart of the king of Assyria and the boastful look in his eyes.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 10:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Against a godless nation I send him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and against the people of my wrath I command him,<br/> to take spoil and seize plunder,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to tread them down like the mire of the streets.<br/> But he does not so intend,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his heart does not so think;<br/> but it is in his heart to destroy,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to cut off nations not a few;</p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 10:13-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For he says:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“By the strength of my hand I have done it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by my wisdom, for I have understanding;<br/> I remove the boundaries of peoples,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and plunder their treasures;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like a bull I bring down those who sit on thrones.<br/> My hand has found like a nest<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the wealth of the peoples;<br/> and as one gathers eggs that have been forsaken,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so I have gathered all the earth;<br/> and there was none that moved a wing<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or opened the mouth or chirped.”<br/> Shall the axe boast over him who hews with it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or the saw magnify itself against him who wields it?<br/> As if a rod should wield him who lifts it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or as if a staff should lift him who is not wood!</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 1:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001013.01-1">Let no one say when he is tempted, “I am being tempted by God,” for God cannot be tempted with evil, and he himself tempts no one. But each person is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desire.</p> </div><h5>James 1:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001017.01-2">Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of lights with whom there is no variation or shadow due to change.</p> </div><h5>1 John 2:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62002016.01-3">For all that is in the world—the desires of the flesh and the desires of the eyes and pride in possessions—is not from the Father but is from the world.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 50:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19050021.01-4">These things you have done, and I have been silent;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you thought that I was one like yourself.<br/> But now I rebuke you and lay the charge before you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 14 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 5.3 — Of providence, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/13</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 5: Of Providence</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> God, in his ordinary providence, maketh use of means,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet is free to work without,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> above,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and against them, at his pleasure.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 27:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and he said, ‘Do not be afraid, Paul; you must stand before Caesar. And behold, God has granted you all those who sail with you.’</p> </div> <h5>Acts 27:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Paul said to the centurion and the soldiers, “Unless these men stay in the ship, you cannot be saved.”</p> </div> <h5>Acts 27:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and the rest on planks or on pieces of the ship. And so it was that all were brought safely to land.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 55:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“For as the rain and the snow come down from heaven<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not return there but water the earth,<br/> making it bring forth and sprout,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>giving seed to the sower and bread to the eater,<br/> so shall my word be that goes out from my mouth;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>it shall not return to me empty,<br/> but it shall accomplish that which I purpose,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shall succeed in the thing for which I sent it.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hosea 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But I will have mercy on the house of Judah, and I will save them by the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> their God. I will not save them by bow or by sword or by war or by horses or by horsemen.”</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But he answered, <span class="woc">“It is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">“‘Man shall not live by bread alone,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">but by every word that comes from the mouth of God.’”</span></p> </div> </div> <h5>Job 34:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">In a moment they die;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>at midnight the people are shaken and pass away,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the mighty are taken away by no human hand.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:19-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004019.01-1">He did not weaken in faith when he considered his own body, which was as good as dead (since he was about a hundred years old), or when he considered the barrenness of Sarah's womb. No distrust made him waver concerning the promise of God, but he grew strong in his faith as he gave glory to God, fully convinced that God was able to do what he had promised.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Kings 6:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p12006006.01-1">Then the man of God said, “Where did it fall?” When he showed him the place, he cut off a stick and threw it in there and made the iron float.</p> </div><h5>Daniel 3:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27003027.01-2">And the satraps, the prefects, the governors, and the king's counselors gathered together and saw that the fire had not had any power over the bodies of those men. The hair of their heads was not singed, their cloaks were not harmed, and no smell of fire had come upon them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 13 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 5.2 — Of providence, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/12</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 5: Of Providence</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> Although, in relation to the foreknowledge and decree of God, the first Cause, all things come to pass immutably, and infallibly;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet, by the same providence, he ordereth them to fall out, according to the nature of second causes, either necessarily, freely, or contingently.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>this Jesus, delivered up according to the definite plan and foreknowledge of God, you crucified and killed by the hands of lawless men.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 14:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts has sworn:<br/> “As I have planned,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so shall it be,<br/> and as I have purposed,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so shall it stand,</p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 14:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">For the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts has purposed,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and who will annul it?<br/> His hand is stretched out,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and who will turn it back?</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 8:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>While the earth remains, seedtime and harvest, cold and heat, summer and winter, day and night, shall not cease.”</p> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 31:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> who gives the sun for light by day<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the fixed order of the moon and the stars for light by night,<br/> who stirs up the sea so that its waves roar—<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts is his name:</p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 10:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Against a godless nation I send him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and against the people of my wrath I command him,<br/> to take spoil and seize plunder,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to tread them down like the mire of the streets.<br/> But he does not so intend,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his heart does not so think;<br/> but it is in his heart to destroy,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to cut off nations not a few;</p> </div> </div> <h5>Exodus 21:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But if he did not lie in wait for him, but God let him fall into his hand, then I will appoint for you a place to which he may flee.</p> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 19:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>as when someone goes into the forest with his neighbor to cut wood, and his hand swings the axe to cut down a tree, and the head slips from the handle and strikes his neighbor so that he dies—he may flee to one of these cities and live,</p> </div> <h5>1 Kings 22:28-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Micaiah said, “If you return in peace, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has not spoken by me.” And he said, “Hear, all you peoples!”</p> <p>So the king of Israel and Jehoshaphat the king of Judah went up to Ramoth-gilead. And the king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat, “I will disguise myself and go into battle, but you wear your robes.” And the king of Israel disguised himself and went into battle. Now the king of Syria had commanded the thirty-two captains of his chariots, “Fight with neither small nor great, but only with the king of Israel.” And when the captains of the chariots saw Jehoshaphat, they said, “It is surely the king of Israel.” So they turned to fight against him. And Jehoshaphat cried out. And when the captains of the chariots saw that it was not the king of Israel, they turned back from pursuing him. But a certain man drew his bow at random and struck the king of Israel between the scale armor and the breastplate. Therefore he said to the driver of his chariot, “Turn around and carry me out of the battle, for I am wounded.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 12 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 11 + WLC 18 — What are God's works of providence?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/11</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 11.</span> What are God's works of providence?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> God's works of providence are, his most holy,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> wise,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> and powerful<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> preserving<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup> and governing<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc5">5</sup> all his creatures, and all their actions.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc6">6</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 18.</span> What are God's works of providence?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> God's works of providence are his most holy,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">7</sup> wise,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">8</sup> and powerful preserving<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">9</sup> and governing<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">10</sup> all his creatures; ordering them, and all their actions,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">11</sup> to his own glory.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">12</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 145:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19145017.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is righteous in all his ways<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and kind in all his works.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 104:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19104024.01-1">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, how manifold are your works!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>In wisdom have you made them all;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the earth is full of your creatures.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58001003.01-1">He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his power. After making purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Nehemiah 9:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16009006.01-1"> “You are the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, you alone. You have made heaven, the heaven of heavens, with all their host, the earth and all that is on it, the seas and all that is in them; and you preserve all of them; and the host of heaven worships you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:19-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001019.01-1">and what is the immeasurable greatness of his power toward us who believe, according to the working of his great might that he worked in Christ when he raised him from the dead and seated him at his right hand in the heavenly places, far above all rule and authority and power and dominion, and above every name that is named, not only in this age but also in the one to come. And he put all things under his feet and gave him as head over all things to the church,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 36:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19036006.01-1">Your righteousness is like the mountains of God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your judgments are like the great deep;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>man and beast you save, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 16:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20016033.01-2">The lot is cast into the lap,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but its every decision is from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.<br/> </p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 10:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40010030.01-3"><span class="woc">But even the hairs of your head are all numbered.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 145:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19145017.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is righteous in all his ways<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and kind in all his works.</p> </div> </div><h5>Leviticus 21:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03021008.01-2">You shall sanctify him, for he offers the bread of your God. He shall be holy to you, for I, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, who sanctify you, am holy.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 104:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19104024.01-1">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, how manifold are your works!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>In wisdom have you made them all;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the earth is full of your creatures.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 28:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23028029.01-2">This also comes from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is wonderful in counsel<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and excellent in wisdom.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58001003.01-1">He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his power. After making purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 36:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19036006.01-2">Your righteousness is like the mountains of God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your judgments are like the great deep;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>man and beast you save, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> </div><h5>Nehemiah 9:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16009006.01-3"> “You are the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, you alone. You have made heaven, the heaven of heavens, with all their host, the earth and all that is on it, the seas and all that is in them; and you preserve all of them; and the host of heaven worships you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 103:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19103019.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has established his throne in the heavens,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his kingdom rules over all.</p> </div> </div><h5>Job 38-41</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p18038001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v18038001-2">38:1 </span>Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> answered Job out of the whirlwind and said:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18038002.01-2">“Who is this that darkens counsel by words without knowledge?<br/>  Dress for action like a man;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will question you, and you make it known to me.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038004.01-2">“Where were you when I laid the foundation of the earth?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Tell me, if you have understanding.<br/>  Who determined its measurements—surely you know!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Or who stretched the line upon it?<br/>  On what were its bases sunk,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or who laid its cornerstone,<br/>  when the morning stars sang together<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all the sons of God shouted for joy?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038008.01-2">“Or who shut in the sea with doors<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when it burst out from the womb,<br/>  when I made clouds its garment<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and thick darkness its swaddling band,<br/>  and prescribed limits for it<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and set bars and doors,<br/>  and said, ‘Thus far shall you come, and no farther,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and here shall your proud waves be stayed’?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038012.01-2">“Have you commanded the morning since your days began,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and caused the dawn to know its place,<br/>  that it might take hold of the skirts of the earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the wicked be shaken out of it?<br/>  It is changed like clay under the seal,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and its features stand out like a garment.<br/>  From the wicked their light is withheld,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their uplifted arm is broken.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038016.01-2">“Have you entered into the springs of the sea,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or walked in the recesses of the deep?<br/>  Have the gates of death been revealed to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or have you seen the gates of deep darkness?<br/>  Have you comprehended the expanse of the earth?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Declare, if you know all this.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038019.01-2">“Where is the way to the dwelling of light,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and where is the place of darkness,<br/>  that you may take it to its territory<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and that you may discern the paths to its home?<br/>  You know, for you were born then,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the number of your days is great!</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038022.01-2">“Have you entered the storehouses of the snow,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or have you seen the storehouses of the hail,<br/>  which I have reserved for the time of trouble,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the day of battle and war?<br/>  What is the way to the place where the light is distributed,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or where the east wind is scattered upon the earth?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038025.01-2">“Who has cleft a channel for the torrents of rain<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a way for the thunderbolt,<br/>  to bring rain on a land where no man is,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on the desert in which there is no man,<br/>  to satisfy the waste and desolate land,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to make the ground sprout with grass?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038028.01-2">“Has the rain a father,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or who has begotten the drops of dew?<br/>  From whose womb did the ice come forth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and who has given birth to the frost of heaven?<br/>  The waters become hard like stone,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the face of the deep is frozen.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038031.01-2">“Can you bind the chains of the Pleiades<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or loose the cords of Orion?<br/>  Can you lead forth the Mazzaroth in their season,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or can you guide the Bear with its children?<br/>  Do you know the ordinances of the heavens?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Can you establish their rule on the earth?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038034.01-2">“Can you lift up your voice to the clouds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that a flood of waters may cover you?<br/>  Can you send forth lightnings, that they may go<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and say to you, ‘Here we are’?<br/>  Who has put wisdom in the inward parts<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or given understanding to the mind?<br/>  Who can number the clouds by wisdom?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Or who can tilt the waterskins of the heavens,<br/>  when the dust runs into a mass<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the clods stick fast together?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038039.01-2">“Can you hunt the prey for the lion,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or satisfy the appetite of the young lions,<br/>  when they crouch in their dens<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or lie in wait in their thicket?<br/>  Who provides for the raven its prey,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when its young ones cry to God for help,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and wander about for lack of food?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18039001.01-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v18039001-2">39:1 </span>“Do you know when the mountain goats give birth?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Do you observe the calving of the does?<br/>  Can you number the months that they fulfill,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do you know the time when they give birth,<br/>  when they crouch, bring forth their offspring,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and are delivered of their young?<br/>  Their young ones become strong; they grow up in the open;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they go out and do not return to them.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18039005.01-2">“Who has let the wild donkey go free?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who has loosed the bonds of the swift donkey,<br/>  to whom I have given the arid plain for his home<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the salt land for his dwelling place?<br/>  He scorns the tumult of the city;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he hears not the shouts of the driver.<br/>  He ranges the mountains as his pasture,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he searches after every green thing.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18039009.01-2">“Is the wild ox willing to serve you?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Will he spend the night at your manger?<br/>  Can you bind him in the furrow with ropes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or will he harrow the valleys after you?<br/>  Will you depend on him because his strength is great,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and will you leave to him your labor?<br/>  Do you have faith in him that he will return your grain<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and gather it to your threshing floor?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18039013.01-2">“The wings of the ostrich wave proudly,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but are they the pinions and plumage of love?<br/>  For she leaves her eggs to the earth<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and lets them be warmed on the ground,<br/>  forgetting that a foot may crush them<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and that the wild beast may trample them.<br/>  She deals cruelly with her young, as if they were not hers;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>though her labor be in vain, yet she has no fear,<br/>  because God has made her forget wisdom<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and given her no share in understanding.<br/>  When she rouses herself to flee,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>she laughs at the horse and his rider.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18039019.01-2">“Do you give the horse his might?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Do you clothe his neck with a mane?<br/>  Do you make him leap like the locust?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>His majestic snorting is terrifying.<br/>  He paws in the valley and exults in his strength;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he goes out to meet the weapons.<br/>  He laughs at fear and is not dismayed;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he does not turn back from the sword.<br/>  Upon him rattle the quiver,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the flashing spear, and the javelin.<br/>  With fierceness and rage he swallows the ground;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he cannot stand still at the sound of the trumpet.<br/>  When the trumpet sounds, he says ‘Aha!’<br/> <span class="indent"></span>He smells the battle from afar,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the thunder of the captains, and the shouting.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18039026.01-2">“Is it by your understanding that the hawk soars<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and spreads his wings toward the south?<br/>  Is it at your command that the eagle mounts up<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes his nest on high?<br/>  On the rock he dwells and makes his home,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on the rocky crag and stronghold.<br/>  From there he spies out the prey;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his eyes behold it from far away.<br/>  His young ones suck up blood,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and where the slain are, there is he.”</p> </div> <p id="p18040001.01-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v18040001-2">40:1 </span>And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Job:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18040002.01-2">“Shall a faultfinder contend with the Almighty?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>He who argues with God, let him answer it.”</p> </div> <p id="p18040003.04-2">Then Job answered the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and said:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18040004.01-2">“Behold, I am of small account; what shall I answer you?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I lay my hand on my mouth.<br/>  I have spoken once, and I will not answer;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>twice, but I will proceed no further.”</p> </div> <p id="p18040006.05-2">Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> answered Job out of the whirlwind and said:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18040007.01-2">“Dress for action like a man;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will question you, and you make it known to me.<br/>  Will you even put me in the wrong?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Will you condemn me that you may be in the right?<br/>  Have you an arm like God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and can you thunder with a voice like his?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18040010.01-2">“Adorn yourself with majesty and dignity;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>clothe yourself with glory and splendor.<br/>  Pour out the overflowings of your anger,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and look on everyone who is proud and abase him.<br/>  Look on everyone who is proud and bring him low<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and tread down the wicked where they stand.<br/>  Hide them all in the dust together;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>bind their faces in the world below.<br/>  Then will I also acknowledge to you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that your own right hand can save you.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18040015.01-2">“Behold, Behemoth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>which I made as I made you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he eats grass like an ox.<br/>  Behold, his strength in his loins,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his power in the muscles of his belly.<br/>  He makes his tail stiff like a cedar;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the sinews of his thighs are knit together.<br/>  His bones are tubes of bronze,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his limbs like bars of iron.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18040019.01-2">“He is the first of the works of God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let him who made him bring near his sword!<br/>  For the mountains yield food for him<br/> <span class="indent"></span>where all the wild beasts play.<br/>  Under the lotus plants he lies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the shelter of the reeds and in the marsh.<br/>  For his shade the lotus trees cover him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the willows of the brook surround him.<br/>  Behold, if the river is turbulent he is not frightened;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is confident though Jordan rushes against his mouth.<br/>  Can one take him by his eyes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or pierce his nose with a snare?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18041001.01-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v18041001-2">41:1 </span> “Can you draw out Leviathan with a fishhook<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or press down his tongue with a cord?<br/>  Can you put a rope in his nose<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or pierce his jaw with a hook?<br/>  Will he make many pleas to you?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Will he speak to you soft words?<br/>  Will he make a covenant with you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to take him for your servant forever?<br/>  Will you play with him as with a bird,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or will you put him on a leash for your girls?<br/>  Will traders bargain over him?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Will they divide him up among the merchants?<br/>  Can you fill his skin with harpoons<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or his head with fishing spears?<br/>  Lay your hands on him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>remember the battle—you will not do it again!<br/>   Behold, the hope of a man is false;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is laid low even at the sight of him.<br/>  No one is so fierce that he dares to stir him up.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who then is he who can stand before me?<br/>  Who has first given to me, that I should repay him?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Whatever is under the whole heaven is mine.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18041012.01-2">“I will not keep silence concerning his limbs,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or his mighty strength, or his goodly frame.<br/>  Who can strip off his outer garment?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who would come near him with a bridle?<br/>  Who can open the doors of his face?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Around his teeth is terror.<br/>  His back is made of rows of shields,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>shut up closely as with a seal.<br/>  One is so near to another<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that no air can come between them.<br/>  They are joined one to another;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they clasp each other and cannot be separated.<br/>  His sneezings flash forth light,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his eyes are like the eyelids of the dawn.<br/>  Out of his mouth go flaming torches;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>sparks of fire leap forth.<br/>  Out of his nostrils comes forth smoke,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as from a boiling pot and burning rushes.<br/>  His breath kindles coals,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a flame comes forth from his mouth.<br/>  In his neck abides strength,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and terror dances before him.<br/>  The folds of his flesh stick together,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>firmly cast on him and immovable.<br/>  His heart is hard as a stone,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>hard as the lower millstone.<br/>  When he raises himself up the mighty are afraid;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>at the crashing they are beside themselves.<br/>  Though the sword reaches him, it does not avail,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor the spear, the dart, or the javelin.<br/>  He counts iron as straw,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and bronze as rotten wood.<br/>  The arrow cannot make him flee;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for him sling stones are turned to stubble.<br/>  Clubs are counted as stubble;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he laughs at the rattle of javelins.<br/>  His underparts are like sharp potsherds;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he spreads himself like a threshing sledge on the mire.<br/>  He makes the deep boil like a pot;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he makes the sea like a pot of ointment.<br/>  Behind him he leaves a shining wake;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>one would think the deep to be white-haired.<br/>  On earth there is not his like,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a creature without fear.<br/>  He sees everything that is high;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is king over all the sons of pride.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 145:14-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19145014.01-3">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> upholds all who are falling<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and raises up all who are bowed down.<br/>  The eyes of all look to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you give them their food in due season.<br/>  You open your hand;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you satisfy the desire of every living thing.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 10:29-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40010029.01-1"><span class="woc">Are not two sparrows sold for a penny? And not one of them will fall to the ground apart from your Father.</span> <span class="woc">But even the hairs of your head are all numbered.</span> <span class="woc">Fear not, therefore; you are of more value than many sparrows.</span></p> </div><h5>Genesis 45:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01045007.01-2">And God sent me before you to preserve for you a remnant on earth, and to keep alive for you many survivors.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 135:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19135006.01-3">Whatever the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> pleases, he does,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in heaven and on earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the seas and all deeps.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 11:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p45011036.01-1">For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 63:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23063014.01-2">Like livestock that go down into the valley,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the Spirit of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> gave them rest.<br/> So you led your people,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to make for yourself a glorious name.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 11 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>WCF 5.1 — Of providence, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/10</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 5: Of Providence</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> God the great Creator of all things doth uphold,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> direct, dispose, and govern all creatures, actions, and things,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> from the greatest even to the least,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> by his most wise and holy providence,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> according to his infallible foreknowledge,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> and the free and immutable counsel of his own will,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> to the praise of the glory of his wisdom, power, justice, goodness, and mercy.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Nehemiah 9:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“You are the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, you alone. You have made heaven, the heaven of heavens, with all their host, the earth and all that is on it, the seas and all that is in them; and you preserve all of them; and the host of heaven worships you.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 145:14-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> upholds all who are falling<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and raises up all who are bowed down.<br/> The eyes of all look to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you give them their food in due season.<br/> You open your hand;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you satisfy the desire of every living thing.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Hebrews 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his power. After making purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Daniel 4:34-35</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p27004034.03-1">At the end of the days I, Nebuchadnezzar, lifted my eyes to heaven, and my reason returned to me, and I blessed the Most High, and praised and honored him who lives forever,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p27004034.36-1">for his dominion is an everlasting dominion,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his kingdom endures from generation to generation;<br/> all the inhabitants of the earth are accounted as nothing,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he does according to his will among the host of heaven<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and among the inhabitants of the earth;<br/> and none can stay his hand<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or say to him, “What have you done?”</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 135:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19135006.01-2">Whatever the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> pleases, he does,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in heaven and on earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the seas and all deeps.</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 17:25-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017025.01-3">nor is he served by human hands, as though he needed anything, since he himself gives to all mankind life and breath and everything. And he made from one man every nation of mankind to live on all the face of the earth, having determined allotted periods and the boundaries of their dwelling place, that they should seek God, in the hope that they might feel their way toward him and find him. Yet he is actually not far from each one of us, for</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44017028.02-3">“‘In him we live and move and have our being’;</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p44017028.12-3">as even some of your own poets have said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44017028.21-3">“‘For we are indeed his offspring.’</p> </div> </div><h5>Job 38-41</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p18038001.05-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v18038001-4">38:1 </span>Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> answered Job out of the whirlwind and said:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18038002.01-4">“Who is this that darkens counsel by words without knowledge?<br/> Dress for action like a man;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will question you, and you make it known to me.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038004.01-4">“Where were you when I laid the foundation of the earth?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Tell me, if you have understanding.<br/> Who determined its measurements—surely you know!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Or who stretched the line upon it?<br/> On what were its bases sunk,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or who laid its cornerstone,<br/> when the morning stars sang together<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all the sons of God shouted for joy?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038008.01-4">“Or who shut in the sea with doors<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when it burst out from the womb,<br/> when I made clouds its garment<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and thick darkness its swaddling band,<br/> and prescribed limits for it<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and set bars and doors,<br/> and said, ‘Thus far shall you come, and no farther,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and here shall your proud waves be stayed’?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038012.01-4">“Have you commanded the morning since your days began,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and caused the dawn to know its place,<br/> that it might take hold of the skirts of the earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the wicked be shaken out of it?<br/> It is changed like clay under the seal,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and its features stand out like a garment.<br/> From the wicked their light is withheld,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their uplifted arm is broken.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038016.01-4">“Have you entered into the springs of the sea,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or walked in the recesses of the deep?<br/> Have the gates of death been revealed to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or have you seen the gates of deep darkness?<br/> Have you comprehended the expanse of the earth?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Declare, if you know all this.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038019.01-4">“Where is the way to the dwelling of light,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and where is the place of darkness,<br/> that you may take it to its territory<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and that you may discern the paths to its home?<br/> You know, for you were born then,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the number of your days is great!</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038022.01-4">“Have you entered the storehouses of the snow,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or have you seen the storehouses of the hail,<br/> which I have reserved for the time of trouble,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the day of battle and war?<br/> What is the way to the place where the light is distributed,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or where the east wind is scattered upon the earth?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038025.01-4">“Who has cleft a channel for the torrents of rain<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a way for the thunderbolt,<br/> to bring rain on a land where no man is,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on the desert in which there is no man,<br/> to satisfy the waste and desolate land,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to make the ground sprout with grass?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038028.01-4">“Has the rain a father,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or who has begotten the drops of dew?<br/> From whose womb did the ice come forth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and who has given birth to the frost of heaven?<br/> The waters become hard like stone,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the face of the deep is frozen.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038031.01-4">“Can you bind the chains of the Pleiades<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or loose the cords of Orion?<br/> Can you lead forth the Mazzaroth in their season,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or can you guide the Bear with its children?<br/> Do you know the ordinances of the heavens?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Can you establish their rule on the earth?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038034.01-4">“Can you lift up your voice to the clouds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that a flood of waters may cover you?<br/> Can you send forth lightnings, that they may go<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and say to you, ‘Here we are’?<br/> Who has put wisdom in the inward parts<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or given understanding to the mind?<br/> Who can number the clouds by wisdom?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Or who can tilt the waterskins of the heavens,<br/> when the dust runs into a mass<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the clods stick fast together?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18038039.01-4">“Can you hunt the prey for the lion,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or satisfy the appetite of the young lions,<br/> when they crouch in their dens<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or lie in wait in their thicket?<br/> Who provides for the raven its prey,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when its young ones cry to God for help,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and wander about for lack of food?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18039001.01-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v18039001-4">39:1 </span>“Do you know when the mountain goats give birth?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Do you observe the calving of the does?<br/> Can you number the months that they fulfill,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do you know the time when they give birth,<br/> when they crouch, bring forth their offspring,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and are delivered of their young?<br/> Their young ones become strong; they grow up in the open;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they go out and do not return to them.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18039005.01-4">“Who has let the wild donkey go free?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who has loosed the bonds of the swift donkey,<br/> to whom I have given the arid plain for his home<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the salt land for his dwelling place?<br/> He scorns the tumult of the city;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he hears not the shouts of the driver.<br/> He ranges the mountains as his pasture,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he searches after every green thing.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18039009.01-4">“Is the wild ox willing to serve you?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Will he spend the night at your manger?<br/> Can you bind him in the furrow with ropes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or will he harrow the valleys after you?<br/> Will you depend on him because his strength is great,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and will you leave to him your labor?<br/> Do you have faith in him that he will return your grain<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and gather it to your threshing floor?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18039013.01-4">“The wings of the ostrich wave proudly,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but are they the pinions and plumage of love?<br/> For she leaves her eggs to the earth<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and lets them be warmed on the ground,<br/> forgetting that a foot may crush them<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and that the wild beast may trample them.<br/> She deals cruelly with her young, as if they were not hers;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>though her labor be in vain, yet she has no fear,<br/> because God has made her forget wisdom<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and given her no share in understanding.<br/> When she rouses herself to flee,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>she laughs at the horse and his rider.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18039019.01-4">“Do you give the horse his might?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Do you clothe his neck with a mane?<br/> Do you make him leap like the locust?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>His majestic snorting is terrifying.<br/> He paws in the valley and exults in his strength;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he goes out to meet the weapons.<br/> He laughs at fear and is not dismayed;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he does not turn back from the sword.<br/> Upon him rattle the quiver,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the flashing spear, and the javelin.<br/> With fierceness and rage he swallows the ground;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he cannot stand still at the sound of the trumpet.<br/> When the trumpet sounds, he says ‘Aha!’<br/> <span class="indent"></span>He smells the battle from afar,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the thunder of the captains, and the shouting.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18039026.01-4">“Is it by your understanding that the hawk soars<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and spreads his wings toward the south?<br/> Is it at your command that the eagle mounts up<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes his nest on high?<br/> On the rock he dwells and makes his home,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on the rocky crag and stronghold.<br/> From there he spies out the prey;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his eyes behold it from far away.<br/> His young ones suck up blood,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and where the slain are, there is he.”</p> </div> <p id="p18040001.01-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v18040001-4">40:1 </span>And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Job:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18040002.01-4">“Shall a faultfinder contend with the Almighty?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>He who argues with God, let him answer it.”</p> </div> <p id="p18040003.04-4">Then Job answered the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and said:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18040004.01-4">“Behold, I am of small account; what shall I answer you?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I lay my hand on my mouth.<br/> I have spoken once, and I will not answer;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>twice, but I will proceed no further.”</p> </div> <p id="p18040006.05-4">Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> answered Job out of the whirlwind and said:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18040007.01-4">“Dress for action like a man;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will question you, and you make it known to me.<br/> Will you even put me in the wrong?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Will you condemn me that you may be in the right?<br/> Have you an arm like God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and can you thunder with a voice like his?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18040010.01-4">“Adorn yourself with majesty and dignity;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>clothe yourself with glory and splendor.<br/> Pour out the overflowings of your anger,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and look on everyone who is proud and abase him.<br/> Look on everyone who is proud and bring him low<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and tread down the wicked where they stand.<br/> Hide them all in the dust together;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>bind their faces in the world below.<br/> Then will I also acknowledge to you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that your own right hand can save you.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18040015.01-4">“Behold, Behemoth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>which I made as I made you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he eats grass like an ox.<br/> Behold, his strength in his loins,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his power in the muscles of his belly.<br/> He makes his tail stiff like a cedar;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the sinews of his thighs are knit together.<br/> His bones are tubes of bronze,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his limbs like bars of iron.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18040019.01-4">“He is the first of the works of God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let him who made him bring near his sword!<br/> For the mountains yield food for him<br/> <span class="indent"></span>where all the wild beasts play.<br/> Under the lotus plants he lies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the shelter of the reeds and in the marsh.<br/> For his shade the lotus trees cover him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the willows of the brook surround him.<br/> Behold, if the river is turbulent he is not frightened;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is confident though Jordan rushes against his mouth.<br/> Can one take him by his eyes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or pierce his nose with a snare?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18041001.01-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v18041001-4">41:1 </span> “Can you draw out Leviathan with a fishhook<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or press down his tongue with a cord?<br/> Can you put a rope in his nose<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or pierce his jaw with a hook?<br/> Will he make many pleas to you?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Will he speak to you soft words?<br/> Will he make a covenant with you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to take him for your servant forever?<br/> Will you play with him as with a bird,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or will you put him on a leash for your girls?<br/> Will traders bargain over him?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Will they divide him up among the merchants?<br/> Can you fill his skin with harpoons<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or his head with fishing spears?<br/> Lay your hands on him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>remember the battle—you will not do it again!<br/> Behold, the hope of a man is false;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is laid low even at the sight of him.<br/> No one is so fierce that he dares to stir him up.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who then is he who can stand before me?<br/> Who has first given to me, that I should repay him?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Whatever is under the whole heaven is mine.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p18041012.01-4">“I will not keep silence concerning his limbs,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or his mighty strength, or his goodly frame.<br/> Who can strip off his outer garment?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who would come near him with a bridle?<br/> Who can open the doors of his face?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Around his teeth is terror.<br/> His back is made of rows of shields,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>shut up closely as with a seal.<br/> One is so near to another<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that no air can come between them.<br/> They are joined one to another;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they clasp each other and cannot be separated.<br/> His sneezings flash forth light,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his eyes are like the eyelids of the dawn.<br/> Out of his mouth go flaming torches;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>sparks of fire leap forth.<br/> Out of his nostrils comes forth smoke,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as from a boiling pot and burning rushes.<br/> His breath kindles coals,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a flame comes forth from his mouth.<br/> In his neck abides strength,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and terror dances before him.<br/> The folds of his flesh stick together,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>firmly cast on him and immovable.<br/> His heart is hard as a stone,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>hard as the lower millstone.<br/> When he raises himself up the mighty are afraid;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>at the crashing they are beside themselves.<br/> Though the sword reaches him, it does not avail,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor the spear, the dart, or the javelin.<br/> He counts iron as straw,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and bronze as rotten wood.<br/> The arrow cannot make him flee;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for him sling stones are turned to stubble.<br/> Clubs are counted as stubble;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he laughs at the rattle of javelins.<br/> His underparts are like sharp potsherds;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he spreads himself like a threshing sledge on the mire.<br/> He makes the deep boil like a pot;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he makes the sea like a pot of ointment.<br/> Behind him he leaves a shining wake;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>one would think the deep to be white-haired.<br/> On earth there is not his like,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a creature without fear.<br/> He sees everything that is high;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is king over all the sons of pride.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 10:29-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Are not two sparrows sold for a penny? And not one of them will fall to the ground apart from your Father.</span> <span class="woc">But even the hairs of your head are all numbered.</span> <span class="woc">Fear not, therefore; you are of more value than many sparrows.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 6:26-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Look at the birds of the air: they neither sow nor reap nor gather into barns, and yet your heavenly Father feeds them. Are you not of more value than they?</span> <span class="woc">And which of you by being anxious can add a single hour to his span of life?</span> <span class="woc">And why are you anxious about clothing? Consider the lilies of the field, how they grow: they neither toil nor spin,</span> <span class="woc">yet I tell you, even Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these.</span> <span class="woc">But if God so clothes the grass of the field, which today is alive and tomorrow is thrown into the oven, will he not much more clothe you, O you of little faith?</span> <span class="woc">Therefore do not be anxious, saying, ‘What shall we eat?’ or ‘What shall we drink?’ or ‘What shall we wear?’</span> <span class="woc">For the Gentiles seek after all these things, and your heavenly Father knows that you need them all.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 15:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The eyes of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> are in every place,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>keeping watch on the evil and the good.</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Chronicles 16:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the eyes of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> run to and fro throughout the whole earth, to give strong support to those whose heart is blameless toward him. You have done foolishly in this, for from now on you will have wars.”</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 104:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, how manifold are your works!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>In wisdom have you made them all;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the earth is full of your creatures.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 145:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is righteous in all his ways<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and kind in all his works.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 15:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="indent"></span>known from of old.’</p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 42:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Behold, the former things have come to pass,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and new things I now declare;<br/> before they spring forth<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I tell you of them.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Ezekiel 11:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the Spirit of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> fell upon me, and he said to me, “Say, Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: So you think, O house of Israel. For I know the things that come into your mind.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001011.01-1">In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 33:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19033010.01-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> brings the counsel of the nations to nothing;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he frustrates the plans of the peoples.<br/> The counsel of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> stands forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the plans of his heart to all generations.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 63:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23063014.01-1">Like livestock that go down into the valley,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the Spirit of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> gave them rest.<br/> So you led your people,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to make for yourself a glorious name.</p> </div> </div><h5>Ephesians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49003010.01-2">so that through the church the manifold wisdom of God might now be made known to the rulers and authorities in the heavenly places.</p> </div><h5>Romans 9:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009017.01-3">For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, “For this very purpose I have raised you up, that I might show my power in you, and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth.”</p> </div><h5>Genesis 45:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01045007.01-4">And God sent me before you to preserve for you a remnant on earth, and to keep alive for you many survivors.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 145:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19145007.01-5">They shall pour forth the fame of your abundant goodness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shall sing aloud of your righteousness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 10 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 10 + WLC 17 — How did God create man?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/09</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 10.</span> How did God create man?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> God created man male and female, after his own image,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> in knowledge,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> righteousness, and holiness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> with dominion over the creatures.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 17.</span> How did God create man?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> After God had made all other creatures, he created man male and female;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">5</sup> formed the body of the man of the dust of the ground,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">6</sup> and the woman of the rib of the man,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">7</sup> endued them with living, reasonable, and immortal souls;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">8</sup> made them after his own image,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">9</sup> in knowledge,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">10</sup> righteousness, and holiness;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">11</sup> having the law of God written in their hearts,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">12</sup> and power to fulfill it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">13</sup> and dominion over the creatures;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">14</sup> yet subject to fall.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">15</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01001027.01-1">So God created man in his own image,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the image of God he created him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>male and female he created them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003010.01-1">and have put on the new self, which is being renewed in knowledge after the image of its creator.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004024.01-1">and to put on the new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01001028.01-1">And God blessed them. And God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over every living thing that moves on the earth.”</p> </div><h5>Psalm 8</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19008001.17-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19008001-2">8:1 </span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, our Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>how majestic is your name in all the earth!<br/> You have set your glory above the heavens.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Out of the mouth of babies and infants,<br/> you have established strength because of your foes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to still the enemy and the avenger.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19008003.01-2">When I look at your heavens, the work of your fingers,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the moon and the stars, which you have set in place,<br/>  what is man that you are mindful of him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the son of man that you care for him?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19008005.01-2">Yet you have made him a little lower than the heavenly beings<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and crowned him with glory and honor.<br/>  You have given him dominion over the works of your hands;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have put all things under his feet,<br/>  all sheep and oxen,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and also the beasts of the field,<br/>  the birds of the heavens, and the fish of the sea,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>whatever passes along the paths of the seas.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19008009.01-2">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, our Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>how majestic is your name in all the earth!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01001027.01-1">So God created man in his own image,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the image of God he created him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>male and female he created them.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 19:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019004.01-2">He answered, <span class="woc">“Have you not read that he who created them from the beginning made them male and female,</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002007.01-1">then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God formed the man of dust from the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living creature.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002022.01-1">And the rib that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God had taken from the man he made into a woman and brought her to the man.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002007.01-1">then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God formed the man of dust from the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living creature.</p> </div><h5>Job 35:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18035011.01-2">who teaches us more than the beasts of the earth<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes us wiser than the birds of the heavens?’</p> </div> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 12:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21012007.01-3">and the dust returns to the earth as it was, and the spirit returns to God who gave it.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 10:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40010028.01-4"><span class="woc">And do not fear those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Rather fear him who can destroy both soul and body in hell.</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 23:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42023043.01-5">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01001026.01-1">Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, after our likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.”</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01001027.01-1">So God created man in his own image,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the image of God he created him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>male and female he created them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003010.01-1">and have put on the new self, which is being renewed in knowledge after the image of its creator.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004024.01-1">and to put on the new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 2:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002014.01-1">For when Gentiles, who do not have the law, by nature do what the law requires, they are a law to themselves, even though they do not have the law. They show that the work of the law is written on their hearts, while their conscience also bears witness, and their conflicting thoughts accuse or even excuse them  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ecclesiastes 7:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21007029.01-1">See, this alone I found, that God made man upright, but they have sought out many schemes.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01001028.01-1">And God blessed them. And God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over every living thing that moves on the earth.”</p> </div><h5>Psalm 8:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19008006.01-2">You have given him dominion over the works of your hands;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have put all things under his feet,<br/>  all sheep and oxen,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and also the beasts of the field,<br/>  the birds of the heavens, and the fish of the sea,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>whatever passes along the paths of the seas.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002016.01-1">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God commanded the man, saying, “You may surely eat of every tree of the garden, but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div><h5>Genesis 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003006.01-2">So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of its fruit and ate, and she also gave some to her husband who was with her, and he ate.</p> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 7:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21007029.01-3">See, this alone I found, that God made man upright, but they have sought out many schemes.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 09 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>WCF 4.2 — Of creation, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/08</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 4: Of Creation</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> After God had made all other creatures, he created man, male and female,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> with reasonable and immortal souls,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> endued with knowledge, righteousness, and true holiness, after his own image;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> having the law of God written in their hearts,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> and power to fulfill it:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> and yet under a possibility of transgressing, being left to the liberty of their own will, which was subject unto change.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> Beside this law written in their hearts, they received a command, not to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil; which while they kept, they were happy in their communion with God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup> and had dominion over the creatures.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf8">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01001027.01-1">So God created man in his own image,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the image of God he created him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>male and female he created them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002007.01-1">then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God formed the man of dust from the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living creature.</p> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 12:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21012007.01-2">and the dust returns to the earth as it was, and the spirit returns to God who gave it.</p> </div><h5>Luke 23:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42023043.01-3">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise.”</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 10:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40010028.01-4"><span class="woc">And do not fear those who kill the body but cannot kill the soul. Rather fear him who can destroy both soul and body in hell.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, after our likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.”</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and have put on the new self, which is being renewed in knowledge after the image of its creator.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 4:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and to put on the new self, created after the likeness of God in true righteousness and holiness.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 2:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For when Gentiles, who do not have the law, by nature do what the law requires, they are a law to themselves, even though they do not have the law. They show that the work of the law is written on their hearts, while their conscience also bears witness, and their conflicting thoughts accuse or even excuse them</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div> <h5>Ecclesiastes 7:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>See, this alone I found, that God made man upright, but they have sought out many schemes.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of its fruit and ate, and she also gave some to her husband who was with her, and he ate.</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And to Adam he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Because you have listened to the voice of your wife<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have eaten of the tree<br/> of which I commanded you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>‘You shall not eat of it,’<br/> cursed is the ground because of you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall eat of it all the days of your life;</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 2:15-3:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God took the man and put him in the garden of Eden to work it and keep it. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God commanded the man, saying, “You may surely eat of every tree of the garden, but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> <p>Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God said, “It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him a helper fit for him.” Now out of the ground the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God had formed every beast of the field and every bird of the heavens and brought them to the man to see what he would call them. And whatever the man called every living creature, that was its name. The man gave names to all livestock and to the birds of the heavens and to every beast of the field. But for Adam there was not found a helper fit for him. So the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God caused a deep sleep to fall upon the man, and while he slept took one of his ribs and closed up its place with flesh. And the rib that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God had taken from the man he made into a woman and brought her to the man. Then the man said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“This at last is bone of my bones<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and flesh of my flesh;<br/> she shall be called Woman,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because she was taken out of Man.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and they shall become one flesh. And the man and his wife were both naked and were not ashamed.</p> <p>Now the serpent was more crafty than any other beast of the field that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God had made.</p> <p>He said to the woman, “Did God actually say, ‘You shall not eat of any tree in the garden’?” And the woman said to the serpent, “We may eat of the fruit of the trees in the garden, but God said, ‘You shall not eat of the fruit of the tree that is in the midst of the garden, neither shall you touch it, lest you die.’” But the serpent said to the woman, “You will not surely die. For God knows that when you eat of it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.” So when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was a delight to the eyes, and that the tree was to be desired to make one wise, she took of its fruit and ate, and she also gave some to her husband who was with her, and he ate. Then the eyes of both were opened, and they knew that they were naked. And they sewed fig leaves together and made themselves loincloths.</p> <p>And they heard the sound of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God among the trees of the garden. But the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God called to the man and said to him, “Where are you?” And he said, “I heard the sound of you in the garden, and I was afraid, because I was naked, and I hid myself.” He said, “Who told you that you were naked? Have you eaten of the tree of which I commanded you not to eat?” The man said, “The woman whom you gave to be with me, she gave me fruit of the tree, and I ate.” Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God said to the woman, “What is this that you have done?” The woman said, “The serpent deceived me, and I ate.”</p> <p>The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God said to the serpent,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Because you have done this,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>cursed are you above all livestock<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and above all beasts of the field;<br/> on your belly you shall go,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and dust you shall eat<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all the days of your life.<br/> I will put enmity between you and the woman,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and between your offspring and her offspring;<br/> he shall bruise your head,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you shall bruise his heel.”</p> </div> <p>To the woman he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“I will surely multiply your pain in childbearing;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall bring forth children.<br/> Your desire shall be for your husband,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall rule over you.”</p> </div> <p>And to Adam he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Because you have listened to the voice of your wife<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have eaten of the tree<br/> of which I commanded you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>‘You shall not eat of it,’<br/> cursed is the ground because of you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall eat of it all the days of your life;<br/> thorns and thistles it shall bring forth for you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you shall eat the plants of the field.<br/> By the sweat of your face<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you shall eat bread,<br/> till you return to the ground,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for out of it you were taken;<br/> for you are dust,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to dust you shall return.”</p> </div> <p>The man called his wife’s name Eve, because she was the mother of all living. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God made for Adam and for his wife garments of skins and clothed them.</p> <p>Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God said, “Behold, the man has become like one of us in knowing good and evil. Now, lest he reach out his hand and take also of the tree of life and eat, and live forever—” therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God sent him out from the garden of Eden to work the ground from which he was taken. He drove out the man, and at the east of the garden of Eden he placed the cherubim and a flaming sword that turned every way to guard the way to the tree of life.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And God blessed them. And God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it, and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over every living thing that moves on the earth.”</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 1:29-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And God said, “Behold, I have given you every plant yielding seed that is on the face of all the earth, and every tree with seed in its fruit. You shall have them for food. And to every beast of the earth and to every bird of the heavens and to everything that creeps on the earth, everything that has the breath of life, I have given every green plant for food.” And it was so.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 8:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">You have given him dominion over the works of your hands;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have put all things under his feet,<br/> all sheep and oxen,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and also the beasts of the field,<br/> the birds of the heavens, and the fish of the sea,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>whatever passes along the paths of the seas.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 08 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 16 — How did God create angels?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/07</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 16.</span> How did God create angels?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> God created all the angels<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> spirits,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> immortal,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> holy,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> excelling in knowledge,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> mighty in power,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> to execute his commandments, and to praise his name,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> yet subject to change.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 1:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001016.01-1">For by him all things were created, in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities—all things were created through him and for him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 104:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19104004.01-1">he makes his messengers winds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his ministers a flaming fire.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 22:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40022030.01-1"><span class="woc">For in the resurrection they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are like angels in heaven.</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 20:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42020036.01-2"><span class="woc">for they cannot die anymore, because they are equal to angels and are sons of God, being sons of the resurrection.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40025031.04-1"><span class="woc">“When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, then he will sit on his glorious throne.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Samuel 14:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10014017.01-1">And your servant thought, ‘The word of my lord the king will set me at rest,’ for my lord the king is like the angel of God to discern good and evil. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God be with you!”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 24:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40024036.08-2"><span class="woc">“But concerning that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but the Father only.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Thessalonians 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53001007.01-1">and to grant relief to you who are afflicted as well as to us, when the Lord Jesus is revealed from heaven with his mighty angels  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 91:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19091011.01-1">For he will command his angels concerning you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to guard you in all your ways.<br/>  On their hands they will bear you up,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>lest you strike your foot against a stone.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 103:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19103020.01-2">Bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, O you his angels,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you mighty ones who do his word,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>obeying the voice of his word!<br/>  Bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, all his hosts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his ministers, who do his will!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Peter 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61002004.01-1">For if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but cast them into hell and committed them to chains of gloomy darkness to be kept until the judgment;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 07 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 9 + WLC 15 — What is the work of creation?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/06</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 9.</span> What is the work of creation?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The work of creation is, God's making all things of nothing, by the word of his power,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> in the space of six days, and all very good.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 15.</span> What is the work of creation?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The work of creation is that wherein God did in the beginning, by the word of his power, make of nothing the world, and all things therein, for himself, within the space of six days, and all very good.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 33:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">By the word of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> the heavens were made,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by the breath of his mouth all their host.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 33:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">For he spoke, and it came to be;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he commanded, and it stood firm.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Hebrews 11:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>By faith we understand that the universe was created by the word of God, so that what is seen was not made out of things that are visible.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01001031.01-1">And God saw everything that he had made, and behold, it was very good. And there was evening and there was morning, the sixth day.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p01001001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v01001001-1">1:1 </span>In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 33:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19033006.01-2">By the word of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> the heavens were made,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by the breath of his mouth all their host.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 33:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19033009.01-3">For he spoke, and it came to be;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he commanded, and it stood firm.</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 11:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58011003.01-4">By faith we understand that the universe was created by the word of God, so that what is seen was not made out of things that are visible.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66004011.01-5">“Worthy are you, our Lord and God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to receive glory and honor and power,<br/> for you created all things,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by your will they existed and were created.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 11:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p45011036.01-6">For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 06 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 4.1 — Of creation, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/05</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 4: Of Creation</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> It pleased God the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> for the manifestation of the glory of his eternal power, wisdom, and goodness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> in the beginning, to create, or make of nothing, the world, and all things therein whether visible or invisible, in the space of six days; and all very good.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 11:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 8:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom are all things and for whom we exist, and one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom are all things and through whom we exist.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed the heir of all things, through whom also he created the world.</p> </div> <h5>John 1:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He was in the beginning with God. All things were made through him, and without him was not any thing made that was made.</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The earth was without form and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters.</p> </div> <h5>Job 33:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The Spirit of God has made me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the breath of the Almighty gives me life.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For his invisible attributes, namely, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ever since the creation of the world, in the things that have been made. So they are without excuse.</p> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 10:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">It is he who made the earth by his power,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who established the world by his wisdom,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by his understanding stretched out the heavens.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 104:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, how manifold are your works!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>In wisdom have you made them all;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the earth is full of your creatures.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 33:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">He loves righteousness and justice;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the earth is full of the steadfast love of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:1-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was without form and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters.</p> <p>And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light. And God saw that the light was good. And God separated the light from the darkness. God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And there was evening and there was morning, the first day.</p> <p>And God said, “Let there be an expanse in the midst of the waters, and let it separate the waters from the waters.” And God made the expanse and separated the waters that were under the expanse from the waters that were above the expanse. And it was so. And God called the expanse Heaven. And there was evening and there was morning, the second day.</p> <p>And God said, “Let the waters under the heavens be gathered together into one place, and let the dry land appear.” And it was so. God called the dry land Earth, and the waters that were gathered together he called Seas. And God saw that it was good.</p> <p>And God said, “Let the earth sprout vegetation, plants yielding seed, and fruit trees bearing fruit in which is their seed, each according to its kind, on the earth.” And it was so. The earth brought forth vegetation, plants yielding seed according to their own kinds, and trees bearing fruit in which is their seed, each according to its kind. And God saw that it was good. And there was evening and there was morning, the third day.</p> <p>And God said, “Let there be lights in the expanse of the heavens to separate the day from the night. And let them be for signs and for seasons, and for days and years, and let them be lights in the expanse of the heavens to give light upon the earth.” And it was so. And God made the two great lights—the greater light to rule the day and the lesser light to rule the night—and the stars. And God set them in the expanse of the heavens to give light on the earth, to rule over the day and over the night, and to separate the light from the darkness. And God saw that it was good. And there was evening and there was morning, the fourth day.</p> <p>And God said, “Let the waters swarm with swarms of living creatures, and let birds fly above the earth across the expanse of the heavens.” So God created the great sea creatures and every living creature that moves, with which the waters swarm, according to their kinds, and every winged bird according to its kind. And God saw that it was good. And God blessed them, saying, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the waters in the seas, and let birds multiply on the earth.” And there was evening and there was morning, the fifth day.</p> <p>And God said, “Let the earth bring forth living creatures according to their kinds—livestock and creeping things and beasts of the earth according to their kinds.” And it was so. And God made the beasts of the earth according to their kinds and the livestock according to their kinds, and everything that creeps on the ground according to its kind. And God saw that it was good.</p> <p>Then God said, “Let us make man in our image, after our likeness. And let them have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over the livestock and over all the earth and over every creeping thing that creeps on the earth.”</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">So God created man in his own image,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the image of God he created him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>male and female he created them.</p> </div> <p>And God blessed them. And God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it, and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over every living thing that moves on the earth.” And God said, “Behold, I have given you every plant yielding seed that is on the face of all the earth, and every tree with seed in its fruit. You shall have them for food. And to every beast of the earth and to every bird of the heavens and to everything that creeps on the earth, everything that has the breath of life, I have given every green plant for food.” And it was so. And God saw everything that he had made, and behold, it was very good. And there was evening and there was morning, the sixth day.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 33:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">By the word of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> the heavens were made,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by the breath of his mouth all their host.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Hebrews 11:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>By faith we understand that the universe was created by the word of God, so that what is seen was not made out of things that are visible.</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 1:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For by him all things were created, in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities—all things were created through him and for him.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 17:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The God who made the world and everything in it, being Lord of heaven and earth, does not live in temples made by man,</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 20:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For in six days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 05 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 8 + WLC 14 — How doth God execute his decrees?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/04</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 8.</span> How doth God execute his decrees?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> God executeth his decrees in the works of creation and providence.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 14.</span> How doth God execute his decrees?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> God executeth his decrees in the works of creation and providence,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> according to his infallible foreknowledge, and the free and immutable counsel of his own will.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 148:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19148008.01-1">fire and hail, snow and mist,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>stormy wind fulfilling his word!</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 40:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23040026.01-2">Lift up your eyes on high and see:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who created these?<br/> He who brings out their host by number,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>calling them all by name,<br/> by the greatness of his might,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and because he is strong in power<br/> <span class="indent"></span>not one is missing.</p> </div> </div><h5>Daniel 4:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p27004035.01-3">all the inhabitants of the earth are accounted as nothing,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he does according to his will among the host of heaven<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and among the inhabitants of the earth;<br/> and none can stay his hand<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or say to him, “What have you done?”</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 4:24-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44004024.01-4">And when they heard it, they lifted their voices together to God and said, “Sovereign Lord, who made the heaven and the earth and the sea and everything in them, who through the mouth of our father David, your servant, said by the Holy Spirit,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44004025.16-4">“‘Why did the Gentiles rage,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the peoples plot in vain?<br/>  The kings of the earth set themselves,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the rulers were gathered together,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>against the Lord and against his Anointed’—</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p44004027.01-4">for truly in this city there were gathered together against your holy servant Jesus, whom you anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, along with the Gentiles and the peoples of Israel, to do whatever your hand and your plan had predestined to take place.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66004011.01-5">“Worthy are you, our Lord and God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to receive glory and honor and power,<br/> for you created all things,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by your will they existed and were created.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66004011.01-1">“Worthy are you, our Lord and God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to receive glory and honor and power,<br/> for you created all things,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by your will they existed and were created.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 40:12-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23040012.01-2">Who has measured the waters in the hollow of his hand<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and marked off the heavens with a span,<br/> enclosed the dust of the earth in a measure<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and weighed the mountains in scales<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the hills in a balance?<br/>  Who has measured the Spirit of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or what man shows him his counsel?<br/>  Whom did he consult,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and who made him understand?<br/> Who taught him the path of justice,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and taught him knowledge,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and showed him the way of understanding?<br/>  Behold, the nations are like a drop from a bucket,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and are accounted as the dust on the scales;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>behold, he takes up the coastlands like fine dust.<br/>  Lebanon would not suffice for fuel,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor are its beasts enough for a burnt offering.<br/>  All the nations are as nothing before him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they are accounted by him as less than nothing and emptiness.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23040018.01-2">To whom then will you liken God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or what likeness compare with him?<br/>  An idol! A craftsman casts it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a goldsmith overlays it with gold<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and casts for it silver chains.<br/>  He who is too impoverished for an offering<br/> <span class="indent"></span>chooses wood that will not rot;<br/> he seeks out a skillful craftsman<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to set up an idol that will not move.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23040021.01-2">Do you not know? Do you not hear?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Has it not been told you from the beginning?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Have you not understood from the foundations of the earth?<br/>  It is he who sits above the circle of the earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and its inhabitants are like grasshoppers;<br/> who stretches out the heavens like a curtain,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and spreads them like a tent to dwell in;<br/>  who brings princes to nothing,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes the rulers of the earth as emptiness.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23040024.01-2">Scarcely are they planted, scarcely sown,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>scarcely has their stem taken root in the earth,<br/> when he blows on them, and they wither,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the tempest carries them off like stubble.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23040025.01-2">To whom then will you compare me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I should be like him? says the Holy One.<br/>  Lift up your eyes on high and see:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who created these?<br/> He who brings out their host by number,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>calling them all by name,<br/> by the greatness of his might,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and because he is strong in power<br/> <span class="indent"></span>not one is missing.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23040027.01-2">Why do you say, O Jacob,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and speak, O Israel,<br/> “My way is hidden from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my right is disregarded by my God”?<br/>  Have you not known? Have you not heard?<br/> The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is the everlasting God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the Creator of the ends of the earth.<br/> He does not faint or grow weary;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his understanding is unsearchable.<br/>  He gives power to the faint,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to him who has no might he increases strength.<br/>  Even youths shall faint and be weary,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and young men shall fall exhausted;<br/>  but they who wait for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall renew their strength;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they shall mount up with wings like eagles;<br/> they shall run and not be weary;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they shall walk and not faint.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001011.01-1">In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 148:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19148008.01-2">fire and hail, snow and mist,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>stormy wind fulfilling his word!</p> </div> </div><h5>Daniel 4:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p27004035.01-3">all the inhabitants of the earth are accounted as nothing,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he does according to his will among the host of heaven<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and among the inhabitants of the earth;<br/> and none can stay his hand<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or say to him, “What have you done?”</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 4:24-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44004024.01-4">And when they heard it, they lifted their voices together to God and said, “Sovereign Lord, who made the heaven and the earth and the sea and everything in them, who through the mouth of our father David, your servant, said by the Holy Spirit,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44004025.16-4">“‘Why did the Gentiles rage,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the peoples plot in vain?<br/>  The kings of the earth set themselves,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the rulers were gathered together,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>against the Lord and against his Anointed’—</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p44004027.01-4">for truly in this city there were gathered together against your holy servant Jesus, whom you anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, along with the Gentiles and the peoples of Israel, to do whatever your hand and your plan had predestined to take place.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 3.8 — Of God's eternal decree, part 8</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/03</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 3: Of God's Eternal Decree</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">8.</span> The doctrine of this high mystery of predestination is to be handled with special prudence and care,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> that men, attending the will of God revealed in his Word, and yielding obedience thereunto, may, from the certainty of their effectual vocation, be assured of their eternal election.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> So shall this doctrine afford matter of praise, reverence, and admiration of God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and of humility, diligence, and abundant consolation to all that sincerely obey the gospel.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 9:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009020.01-1">But who are you, O man, to answer back to God? Will what is molded say to its molder, “Why have you made me like this?”</p> </div><h5>Romans 11:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45011033.01-2">Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 29:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05029029.01-3">“The secret things belong to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, but the things that are revealed belong to us and to our children forever, that we may do all the words of this law.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Peter 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, brothers, be all the more diligent to confirm your calling and election, for if you practice these qualities you will never fall.</p> </div> <h5>1 Thessalonians 1:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we know, brothers loved by God, that he has chosen you, because our gospel came to you not only in word, but also in power and in the Holy Spirit and with full conviction. You know what kind of men we proved to be among you for your sake.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>to the praise of his glorious grace, with which he has blessed us in the Beloved.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 11:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 11:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So too at the present time there is a remnant, chosen by grace. But if it is by grace, it is no longer on the basis of works; otherwise grace would no longer be grace.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 11:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>That is true. They were broken off because of their unbelief, but you stand fast through faith. So do not become proud, but fear.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Who shall bring any charge against God’s elect? It is God who justifies.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 10:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Nevertheless, do not rejoice in this, that the spirits are subject to you, but rejoice that your names are written in heaven.”</span></p> </div> <h5>2 Peter 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, brothers, be all the more diligent to confirm your calling and election, for if you practice these qualities you will never fall.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 03 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 3.7 — Of God's eternal decree, part 7</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/02</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 3: Of God's Eternal Decree</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">7.</span> The rest of mankind God was pleased, according to the unsearchable counsel of his own will, whereby he extendeth or withholdeth mercy, as he pleaseth, for the glory of his sovereign power over his creatures, to pass by; and to ordain them to dishonor and wrath for their sin, to the praise of his glorious justice.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 11:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>At that time Jesus declared, <span class="woc">“I thank you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that you have hidden these things from the wise and understanding and revealed them to little children;</span> <span class="woc">yes, Father, for such was your gracious will.</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 9:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, “For this very purpose I have raised you up, that I might show my power in you, and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth.” So then he has mercy on whomever he wills, and he hardens whomever he wills.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 9:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Has the potter no right over the clay, to make out of the same lump one vessel for honorable use and another for dishonorable use? What if God, desiring to show his wrath and to make known his power, has endured with much patience vessels of wrath prepared for destruction,</p> </div> <h5>Jude 4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For certain people have crept in unnoticed who long ago were designated for this condemnation, ungodly people, who pervert the grace of our God into sensuality and deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">and</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“A stone of stumbling,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a rock of offense.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">They stumble because they disobey the word, as they were destined to do.</p> </div> <h5>2 Timothy 2:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But God’s firm foundation stands, bearing this seal: “The Lord knows those who are his,” and, “Let everyone who names the name of the Lord depart from iniquity.”</p> <p>Now in a great house there are not only vessels of gold and silver but also of wood and clay, some for honorable use, some for dishonorable.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 02 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 3.6 — Of God's eternal decree, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/02/01</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 3: Of God's Eternal Decree</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> As God hath appointed the elect unto glory, so hath he, by the eternal and most free purpose of his will, foreordained all the means thereunto.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> Wherefore, they who are elected, being fallen in Adam, are redeemed by Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> are effectually called unto faith in Christ by his Spirit working in due season, are justified, adopted, sanctified,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and kept by his power, through faith, unto salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> Neither are any other redeemed by Christ, effectually called, justified, adopted, sanctified, and saved, but the elect only.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, in the sanctification of the Spirit, for obedience to Jesus Christ and for sprinkling with his blood:</p> <p>May grace and peace be multiplied to you.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.</p> </div> <h5>2 Thessalonians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But we ought always to give thanks to God for you, brothers beloved by the Lord, because God chose you as the firstfruits to be saved, through sanctification by the Spirit and belief in the truth.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52005009.01-1">For God has not destined us for wrath, but to obtain salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ, who died for us so that whether we are awake or asleep we might live with him.</p> </div><h5>Titus 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56002014.01-2">who gave himself for us to redeem us from all lawlessness and to purify for himself a people for his own possession who are zealous for good works.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And those whom he predestined he also called, and those whom he called he also justified, and those whom he justified he also glorified.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>he predestined us for adoption to himself as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will,</p> </div> <h5>2 Thessalonians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But we ought always to give thanks to God for you, brothers beloved by the Lord, because God chose you as the firstfruits to be saved, through sanctification by the Spirit and belief in the truth.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who by God’s power are being guarded through faith for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 10:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">I am the good shepherd. I know my own and my own know me,</span> <span class="woc">just as the Father knows me and I know the Father; and I lay down my life for the sheep.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 10:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">but you do not believe because you are not among my sheep.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 6:64-65</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But there are some of you who do not believe.”</span> (For Jesus knew from the beginning who those were who did not believe, and who it was who would betray him.) And he said, <span class="woc">“This is why I told you that no one can come to me unless it is granted him by the Father.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:28-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purpose. For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among many brothers. And those whom he predestined he also called, and those whom he called he also justified, and those whom he justified he also glorified.</p> <p>What then shall we say to these things? If God is for us, who can be against us? He who did not spare his own Son but gave him up for us all, how will he not also with him graciously give us all things? Who shall bring any charge against God’s elect? It is God who justifies. Who is to condemn? Christ Jesus is the one who died—more than that, who was raised—who is at the right hand of God, who indeed is interceding for us. Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or danger, or sword? As it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“For your sake we are being killed all the day long;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>we are regarded as sheep to be slaughtered.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">No, in all these things we are more than conquerors through him who loved us. For I am sure that neither death nor life, nor angels nor rulers, nor things present nor things to come, nor powers, nor height nor depth, nor anything else in all creation, will be able to separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord.</p> </div> <h5>John 8:47</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Whoever is of God hears the words of God. The reason why you do not hear them is that you are not of God.”</span></p> </div> <h5>1 John 2:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>They went out from us, but they were not of us; for if they had been of us, they would have continued with us. But they went out, that it might become plain that they all are not of us.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 3.5 — Of God's eternal decree, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/31</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 3: Of God's Eternal Decree</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> Those of mankind that are predestinated unto life, God, before the foundation of the world was laid, according to his eternal and immutable purpose, and the secret counsel and good pleasure of his will, hath chosen, in Christ, unto everlasting glory,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> out of his mere free grace and love, without any foresight of faith, or good works, or perseverance in either of them, or any other thing in the creature, as conditions, or causes moving him thereunto;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and all to the praise of his glorious grace.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before him. In love</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>making known to us the mystery of his will, according to his purpose, which he set forth in Christ</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:28-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And we know that for those who love God all things work together for good, for those who are called according to his purpose. For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among many brothers. And those whom he predestined he also called, and those whom he called he also justified, and those whom he justified he also glorified.</p> </div> <h5>2 Timothy 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who saved us and called us to a holy calling, not because of our works but because of his own purpose and grace, which he gave us in Christ Jesus before the ages began,</p> </div> <h5>1 Thessalonians 5:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For God has not destined us for wrath, but to obtain salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 9:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>though they were not yet born and had done nothing either good or bad—in order that God’s purpose of election might continue, not because of works but because of him who calls—</p> </div> <h5>Romans 9:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>As it is written, “Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated.”</p> </div> <h5>Romans 9:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For he says to Moses, “I will have mercy on whom I have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion.” So then it depends not on human will or exertion, but on God, who has mercy.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works, so that no one may boast.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>he predestined us for adoption to himself as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will,</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>making known to us the mystery of his will, according to his purpose, which he set forth in Christ</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001006.01-1">to the praise of his glorious grace, with which he has blessed us in the Beloved.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001012.01-2">so that we who were the first to hope in Christ might be to the praise of his glory.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 31 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 3.4 — Of God's eternal decree, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/30</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 3: Of God's Eternal Decree</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> These angels and men, thus predestinated, and foreordained, are particularly and unchangeably designed, and their number so certain and definite, that it cannot be either increased or diminished.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 13:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">I am not speaking of all of you; I know whom I have chosen. But the Scripture will be fulfilled, ‘He who ate my bread has lifted his heel against me.’</span></p> </div> <h5>2 Timothy 2:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But God’s firm foundation stands, bearing this seal: “The Lord knows those who are his,” and, “Let everyone who names the name of the Lord depart from iniquity.”</p> </div> <h5>John 10:14-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">I am the good shepherd. I know my own and my own know me,</span> <span class="woc">just as the Father knows me and I know the Father; and I lay down my life for the sheep.</span> <span class="woc">And I have other sheep that are not of this fold. I must bring them also, and they will listen to my voice. So there will be one flock, one shepherd.</span></p> </div> <h5>John 10:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">My sheep hear my voice, and I know them, and they follow me.</span> <span class="woc">I give them eternal life, and they will never perish, and no one will snatch them out of my hand.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 30 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 13 — What hath God especially decreed concerning angels and men?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/29</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 13.</span> What hath God especially decreed concerning angels and men?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> God, by an eternal and immutable decree, out of his mere love, for the praise of his glorious grace, to be manifested in due time, hath elected some angels to glory;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and in Christ hath chosen some men to eternal life, and the means thereof:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and also, according to his sovereign power, and the unsearchable counsel of his own will, (whereby he extendeth or withholdeth favor as he pleaseth,) hath passed by and foreordained the rest to dishonor and wrath, to be for their sin inflicted, to the praise of the glory of his justice.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 5:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54005021.01-1">In the presence of God and of Christ Jesus and of the elect angels I charge you to keep these rules without prejudging, doing nothing from partiality.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001004.01-1">even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before him. In love he predestined us for adoption as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will, to the praise of his glorious grace, with which he has blessed us in the Beloved.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002010.01-2">For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.</p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 2:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p53002013.03-3">But we ought always to give thanks to God for you, brothers beloved by the Lord, because God chose you as the firstfruits to be saved, through sanctification by the Spirit and belief in the truth. To this he called you through our gospel, so that you may obtain the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001002.01-4">according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, in the sanctification of the Spirit, for obedience to Jesus Christ and for sprinkling with his blood:</p> <p id="p60001002.26-4">May grace and peace be multiplied to you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 9:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009017.01-1">For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, “For this very purpose I have raised you up, that I might show my power in you, and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth.” So then he has mercy on whomever he wills, and he hardens whomever he wills.</p> </div><h5>Romans 9:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009021.01-2">Has the potter no right over the clay, to make out of the same lump one vessel for honorable use and another for dishonorable use? What if God, desiring to show his wrath and to make known his power, has endured with much patience vessels of wrath prepared for destruction,</p> </div><h5>Matthew 11:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40011025.10-3">At that time Jesus declared, <span class="woc">“I thank you, Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that you have hidden these things from the wise and understanding and revealed them to little children;</span> <span class="woc">yes, Father, for such was your gracious will.</span></p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 2:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55002020.01-4">Now in a great house there are not only vessels of gold and silver but also of wood and clay, some for honorable use, some for dishonorable.</p> </div><h5>Jude 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p65001004.01-5">For certain people have crept in unnoticed who long ago were designated for this condemnation, ungodly people, who pervert the grace of our God into sensuality and deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p60002008.01-6">and</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p60002008.02-6">“A stone of stumbling,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a rock of offense.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p60002008.11-6">They stumble because they disobey the word, as they were destined to do.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 29 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 3.3 — Of God's eternal decree, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/28</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 3: Of God's Eternal Decree</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> By the decree of God, for the manifestation of his glory, some men and angels<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> are predestinated unto everlasting life; and others foreordained to everlasting death.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 5:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In the presence of God and of Christ Jesus and of the elect angels I charge you to keep these rules without prejudging, doing nothing from partiality.</p> </div> <h5>Jude 6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the angels who did not stay within their own position of authority, but left their proper dwelling, he has kept in eternal chains under gloomy darkness until the judgment of the great day—</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 25:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, then he will sit on his glorious throne.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 25:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001005.01-2">he predestined us for adoption as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will, to the praise of his glorious grace, with which he has blessed us in the Beloved.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 9:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009022.01-1">What if God, desiring to show his wrath and to make known his power, has endured with much patience vessels of wrath prepared for destruction, in order to make known the riches of his glory for vessels of mercy, which he has prepared beforehand for glory—</p> </div> <h5>Proverbs 16:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20016004.01-3">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has made everything for its purpose,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>even the wicked for the day of trouble.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 28 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 3.2 — Of God's eternal decree, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/27</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 3: Of God's Eternal Decree</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> Although God knows whatsoever may or can come to pass upon all supposed conditions,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet hath he not decreed anything because he foresaw it as future, or as that which would come to pass upon such conditions.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 23:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Will the men of Keilah surrender me into his hand? Will Saul come down, as your servant has heard? O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel, please tell your servant.” And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said, “He will come down.” Then David said, “Will the men of Keilah surrender me and my men into the hand of Saul?” And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said, “They will surrender you.”</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 11:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Woe to you, Chorazin! Woe to you, Bethsaida! For if the mighty works done in you had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 11:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And you, Capernaum, will you be exalted to heaven? You will be brought down to Hades. For if the mighty works done in you had been done in Sodom, it would have remained until this day.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 9:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009011.01-1">though they were not yet born and had done nothing either good or bad—in order that God's purpose of election might continue, not because of works but because of him who calls—</p> </div><h5>Romans 9:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009013.01-2">As it is written, “Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 9:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009016.01-3">So then it depends not on human will or exertion, but on God, who has mercy.</p> </div><h5>Romans 9:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009018.01-4">So then he has mercy on whomever he wills, and he hardens whomever he wills.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 27 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 7 + WLC 12 — What are the decrees of God?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/26</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 7.</span> What are the decrees of God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The decrees of God are, his eternal purpose, according to the counsel of his will, whereby, for his own glory, he hath foreordained whatsoever comes to pass.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 12.</span> What are the decrees of God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> God's decrees are the wise, free, and holy acts of the counsel of his will,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> whereby, from all eternity, he hath, for his own glory, unchangeably foreordained whatsoever comes to pass in time,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> especially concerning angels and men.</p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 33:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19033011.01-1">The counsel of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> stands forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the plans of his heart to all generations.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 14:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23014024.05-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts has sworn:<br/> “As I have planned,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so shall it be,<br/> and as I have purposed,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so shall it stand,</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 2:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002023.01-3">this Jesus, delivered up according to the definite plan and foreknowledge of God, you crucified and killed by the hands of lawless men.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001011.01-4">In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will, so that we who were the first to hope in Christ might be to the praise of his glory.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 45:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23045006.01-1">that people may know, from the rising of the sun<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and from the west, that there is none besides me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and there is no other.<br/>  I form light and create darkness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I make well-being and create calamity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, who does all these things.</p> </div> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001011.01-2">In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will,</p> </div><h5>Romans 11:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45011033.01-3">Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!</p> </div><h5>Romans 9:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009014.01-4">What shall we say then? Is there injustice on God's part? By no means! For he says to Moses, “I will have mercy on whom I have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 9:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009018.01-5">So then he has mercy on whomever he wills, and he hardens whomever he wills.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 33:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19033011.01-1">The counsel of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> stands forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the plans of his heart to all generations.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 14:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23014024.05-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts has sworn:<br/> “As I have planned,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so shall it be,<br/> and as I have purposed,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so shall it stand,</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 2:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002023.01-3">this Jesus, delivered up according to the definite plan and foreknowledge of God, you crucified and killed by the hands of lawless men.</p> </div><h5>Acts 4:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p44004027.01-4">for truly in this city there were gathered together against your holy servant Jesus, whom you anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, along with the Gentiles and the peoples of Israel, to do whatever your hand and your plan had predestined to take place.</p> </div><h5>Romans 9:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009022.01-5">What if God, desiring to show his wrath and to make known his power, has endured with much patience vessels of wrath prepared for destruction, in order to make known the riches of his glory for vessels of mercy, which he has prepared beforehand for glory—</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001004.01-6">even as he chose us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and blameless before him. In love</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001011.01-7">In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 26 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 3.1 — Of God's eternal decree, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/25</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 3: Of God's Eternal Decree</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> God, from all eternity, did, by the most wise and holy counsel of his own will, freely, and unchangeably ordain whatsoever comes to pass:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet so, as thereby neither is God the author of sin,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> nor is violence offered to the will of the creatures; nor is the liberty or contingency of second causes taken away, but rather established.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 33:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The counsel of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> stands forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the plans of his heart to all generations.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will,</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 6:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So when God desired to show more convincingly to the heirs of the promise the unchangeable character of his purpose, he guaranteed it with an oath,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 5:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">For you are not a God who delights in wickedness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>evil may not dwell with you.</p> </div> </div> <h5>James 1:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let no one say when he is tempted, “I am being tempted by God,” for God cannot be tempted with evil, and he himself tempts no one. But each person is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desire.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>This is the message we have heard from him and proclaim to you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all.</p> </div> <h5>Habakkuk 1:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">You who are of purer eyes than to see evil<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and cannot look at wrong,<br/> why do you idly look at traitors<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and remain silent when the wicked swallows up<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the man more righteous than he?</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002023.01-1">this Jesus, delivered up according to the definite plan and foreknowledge of God, you crucified and killed by the hands of lawless men.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 17:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40017012.01-2"><span class="woc">But I tell you that Elijah has already come, and they did not recognize him, but did to him whatever they pleased. So also the Son of Man will certainly suffer at their hands.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 4:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p44004027.01-3">for truly in this city there were gathered together against your holy servant Jesus, whom you anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, along with the Gentiles and the peoples of Israel, to do whatever your hand and your plan had predestined to take place.</p> </div><h5>John 19:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43019011.01-4">Jesus answered him, <span class="woc">“You would have no authority over me at all unless it had been given you from above. Therefore he who delivered me over to you has the greater sin.”</span></p> </div><h5>Proverbs 16:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20016033.01-5">The lot is cast into the lap,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but its every decision is from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.<br/> (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 25 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 11 — How doth it appear that the Son and the Holy Ghost are God equal with the Father?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/24</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 11.</span> How doth it appear that the Son and the Holy Ghost are God equal with the Father?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Scriptures manifest that the Son and the Holy Ghost are God equal with the Father, ascribing unto them such names,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> attributes,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> works,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and worship,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> as are proper to God only.</p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 6:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p23006003.01-1">And one called to another and said:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23006003.08-1">“Holy, holy, holy is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts;<br/> the whole earth is full of his glory!”</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 6:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p23006005.01-2">And I said: “Woe is me! For I am lost; for I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips; for my eyes have seen the King, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts!”</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 6:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p23006008.06-3">And I heard the voice of the Lord saying, “Whom shall I send, and who will go for us?” Then I said, “Here am I! Send me.”</p> </div><h5>John 12:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p43012041.01-4">Isaiah said these things because he saw his glory and spoke of him.</p> </div><h5>Acts 28:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44028025.01-5">And disagreeing among themselves, they departed after Paul had made one statement: “The Holy Spirit was right in saying to your fathers through Isaiah the prophet:</p> </div><h5>1 John 5:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62005020.01-6">And we know that the Son of God has come and has given us understanding, so that we may know him who is true; and we are in him who is true, in his Son Jesus Christ. He is the true God and eternal life.</p> </div><h5>Acts 5:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44005003.01-7">But Peter said, “Ananias, why has Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back for yourself part of the proceeds of the land? While it remained unsold, did it not remain your own? And after it was sold, was it not at your disposal? Why is it that you have contrived this deed in your heart? You have not lied to men but to God.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p43001001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v43001001-1">1:1 </span>In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 9:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23009006.01-2">For to us a child is born,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to us a son is given;<br/> and the government shall be upon his shoulder,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his name shall be called<br/> Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.</p> </div> </div><h5>John 2:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43002024.01-3">But Jesus on his part did not entrust himself to them, because he knew all people and needed no one to bear witness about man, for he himself knew what was in man.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 2:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p46002010.01-4">these things God has revealed to us through the Spirit. For the Spirit searches everything, even the depths of God. For who knows a person's thoughts except the spirit of that person, which is in him? So also no one comprehends the thoughts of God except the Spirit of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 1:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001016.01-1">For by him all things were created, in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or dominions or rulers or authorities—all things were created through him and for him.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01001002.01-2">The earth was without form and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-1"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 13:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47013014.01-2">The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ and the love of God and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 24 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 10 — What are the personal properties of the three persons in the Godhead?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/23</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 10.</span> What are the personal properties of the three persons in the Godhead?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> It is proper to the Father to beget the Son,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and to the Son to be begotten of the Father,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and to the Holy Ghost to proceed from the Father and the Son from all eternity.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 1:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58001005.01-1">For to which of the angels did God ever say,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58001005.11-1">“You are my Son,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>today I have begotten you”?</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p58001005.20-1">Or again,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58001005.22-1">“I will be to him a father,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he shall be to me a son”?</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p58001006.01-1">And again, when he brings the firstborn into the world, he says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58001006.13-1">“Let all God's angels worship him.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 1:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p58001008.01-2">But of the Son he says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58001008.07-2">“Your throne, O God, is forever and ever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the scepter of uprightness is the scepter of your kingdom.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001014.01-1">And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.</p> </div><h5>John 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001018.01-2">No one has ever seen God; the only God, who is at the Father's side, he has made him known.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 15:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43015026.01-1"><span class="woc">“But when the Helper comes, whom I will send to you from the Father, the Spirit of truth, who proceeds from the Father, he will bear witness about me.</span></p> </div><h5>Galatians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004006.01-2">And because you are sons, God has sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, “Abba! Father!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 23 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 6 + WLC 9 — How many persons are there in the Godhead?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/22</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 6.</span> How many persons are there in the godhead?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> There are three persons in the Godhead; the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and these three are one God, the same in substance, equal in power and glory.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 9.</span> How many persons are there in the Godhead?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> There be three persons in the Godhead, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> and these three are one true, eternal God, the same in substance, equal in power and glory; although distinguished by their personal properties.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 3:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40003016.01-1">And when Jesus was baptized, immediately he went up from the water, and behold, the heavens were opened to him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and coming to rest on him; and behold, a voice from heaven said, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-2"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 13:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47013014.01-3">The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ and the love of God and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001002.01-4">according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, in the sanctification of the Spirit, for obedience to Jesus Christ and for sprinkling with his blood:</p> <p id="p60001002.26-4">May grace and peace be multiplied to you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 45:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19045006.01-1">Your throne, O God, is forever and ever.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>The scepter of your kingdom is a scepter of uprightness;</p> </div> </div><h5>John 1:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p43001001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v43001001-2">1:1 </span>In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.</p> </div><h5>John 17:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017005.01-3"><span class="woc">And now, Father, glorify me in your own presence with the glory that I had with you before the world existed.</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 5:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44005003.01-4">But Peter said, “Ananias, why has Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back for yourself part of the proceeds of the land? While it remained unsold, did it not remain your own? And after it was sold, was it not at your disposal? Why is it that you have contrived this deed in your heart? You have not lied to men but to God.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 9:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009005.01-5">To them belong the patriarchs, and from their race, according to the flesh, is the Christ who is God over all, blessed forever. Amen.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 2:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002009.01-6">For in him the whole fullness of deity dwells bodily,</p> </div><h5>Jude 1:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p65001024.02-7">Now to him who is able to keep you from stumbling and to present you blameless before the presence of his glory with great joy, to the only God, our Savior, through Jesus Christ our Lord, be glory, majesty, dominion, and authority, before all time and now and forever. Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 3:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40003016.01-1">And when Jesus was baptized, immediately he went up from the water, and behold, the heavens were opened to him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and coming to rest on him; and behold, a voice from heaven said, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-2"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 13:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47013014.01-3">The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ and the love of God and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p43001001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v43001001-1">1:1 </span>In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 1:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p01001001.06-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v01001001-2">1:1 </span>In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was without form and void, and darkness was over the face of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the face of the waters.</p> <p id="p01001003.01-2">And God said, “Let there be light,” and there was light.</p> </div><h5>John 17:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017005.01-3"><span class="woc">And now, Father, glorify me in your own presence with the glory that I had with you before the world existed.</span></p> </div><h5>John 10:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43010030.01-4"><span class="woc">I and the Father are one.”</span></p> </div><h5>Psalm 45:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19045006.01-5">Your throne, O God, is forever and ever.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>The scepter of your kingdom is a scepter of uprightness;</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 1:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p58001008.01-6">But of the Son he says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58001008.07-6">“Your throne, O God, is forever and ever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the scepter of uprightness is the scepter of your kingdom.<br/>  You have loved righteousness and hated wickedness;<br/> therefore God, your God, has anointed you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>with the oil of gladness beyond your companions.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 5:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44005003.01-7">But Peter said, “Ananias, why has Satan filled your heart to lie to the Holy Spirit and to keep back for yourself part of the proceeds of the land? While it remained unsold, did it not remain your own? And after it was sold, was it not at your disposal? Why is it that you have contrived this deed in your heart? You have not lied to men but to God.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 9:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009005.01-8">To them belong the patriarchs, and from their race, according to the flesh, is the Christ who is God over all, blessed forever. Amen.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 2:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002009.01-9">For in him the whole fullness of deity dwells bodily,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 22 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 2.3 — Of God, and of the holy Trinity, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/21</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 2: Of God, and of the Holy Trinity</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> In the unity of the Godhead there be three persons, of one substance, power, and eternity: God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Ghost:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> the Father is of none, neither begotten, nor proceeding; the Son is eternally begotten of the Father;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> the Holy Ghost eternally proceeding from the Father and the Son.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 3:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when Jesus was baptized, immediately he went up from the water, and behold, the heavens were opened to him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and coming to rest on him; and behold, a voice from heaven said, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.”</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 13:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ and the love of God and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For through him we both have access in one Spirit to the Father.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.</p> </div> <h5>John 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>No one has ever seen God; God the only Son, who is at the Father’s side, he has made him known.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 1:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed the heir of all things, through whom also he created the world. He is the radiance of the glory of God and the exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his power. After making purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 1:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 15:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43015026.01-1"><span class="woc">“But when the Helper comes, whom I will send to you from the Father, the Spirit of truth, who proceeds from the Father, he will bear witness about me.</span></p> </div><h5>Galatians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48004006.01-2">And because you are sons, God has sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying, “Abba! Father!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 21 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 2.2 — Of God, and of the holy Trinity, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/20</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 2: Of God, and of the Holy Trinity</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> God hath all life,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> glory,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> goodness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> blessedness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> in and of himself; and is alone in and unto himself all-sufficient, not standing in need of any creatures which he hath made,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> nor deriving any glory from them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> but only manifesting his own glory in, by, unto, and upon them. He is the alone fountain of all being, of whom, through whom, and to whom are all things;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup> and hath most sovereign dominion over them, to do by them, for them, or upon them whatsoever himself pleaseth.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf8">8</sup> In his sight all things are open and manifest,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf9">9</sup> his knowledge is infinite, infallible, and independent upon the creature,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf10">10</sup> so as nothing is to him contingent, or uncertain.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf11">11</sup> He is most holy in all his counsels, in all his works, and in all his commands.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf12">12</sup> To him is due from angels and men, and every other creature, whatsoever worship, service, or obedience he is pleased to require of them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf13">13</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 10:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">But the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is the true God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is the living God and the everlasting King.<br/> At his wrath the earth quakes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the nations cannot endure his indignation.</p> </div> </div> <h5>John 5:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">For as the Father has life in himself, so he has granted the Son also to have life in himself.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 7:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44007002.01-1">And Stephen said:</p> <p id="p44007002.04-1">“Brothers and fathers, hear me. The God of glory appeared to our father Abraham when he was in Mesopotamia, before he lived in Haran,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 119:68</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119068.01-1">You are good and do good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>teach me your statutes.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 6:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>which he will display at the proper time—he who is the blessed and only Sovereign, the King of kings and Lord of lords,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 9:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>To them belong the patriarchs, and from their race, according to the flesh, is the Christ, who is God over all, blessed forever. Amen.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 17:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The God who made the world and everything in it, being Lord of heaven and earth, does not live in temples made by man, nor is he served by human hands, as though he needed anything, since he himself gives to all mankind life and breath and everything.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 17:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">So you also, when you have done all that you were commanded, say, ‘We are unworthy servants; we have only done what was our duty.’”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 11:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Worthy are you, our Lord and God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to receive glory and honor and power,<br/> for you created all things,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by your will they existed and were created.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Daniel 4:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that you shall be driven from among men, and your dwelling shall be with the beasts of the field. You shall be made to eat grass like an ox, and you shall be wet with the dew of heaven, and seven periods of time shall pass over you, till you know that the Most High rules the kingdom of men and gives it to whom he will.</p> </div> <h5>Daniel 4:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">all the inhabitants of the earth are accounted as nothing,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he does according to his will among the host of heaven<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and among the inhabitants of the earth;<br/> and none can stay his hand<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or say to him, “What have you done?”</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 6:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>which he will display at the proper time—he who is the blessed and only Sovereign, the King of kings and Lord of lords,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58004013.01-1">And no creature is hidden from his sight, but all are naked and exposed to the eyes of him to whom we must give account.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 11:33-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45011033.01-1">Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45011034.01-1">“For who has known the mind of the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or who has been his counselor?”</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 147:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19147005.01-2">Great is our Lord, and abundant in power;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his understanding is beyond measure.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 15:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="indent"></span>known from of old.’</p> </div> </div> <h5>Ezekiel 11:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the Spirit of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> fell upon me, and he said to me, “Say, Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: So you think, O house of Israel. For I know the things that come into your mind.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 145:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is righteous in all his ways<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and kind in all his works.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Romans 7:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So the law is holy, and the commandment is holy and righteous and good.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 5:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66005012.01-1">saying with a loud voice, “Worthy is the Lamb who was slain, to receive power and wealth and wisdom and might and honor and glory and blessing!” And I heard every creature in heaven and on earth and under the earth and in the sea, and all that is in them, saying, “To him who sits on the throne and to the Lamb be blessing and honor and glory and might forever and ever!” And the four living creatures said, “Amen!” and the elders fell down and worshiped.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 20 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 5 + WLC 8 — Are there more Gods than one?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/19</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 5.</span> Are there more Gods than one?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> There is but one only,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> the living and true God.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 8.</span> Are there more Gods than one?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> There is but one only,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> the living and true God.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 6:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05006004.01-1">“Hear, O Israel: The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is one.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 44:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23044006.07-2">Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the King of Israel<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his Redeemer, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts:<br/> “I am the first and I am the last;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>besides me there is no god.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 45:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23045021.01-3">Declare and present your case;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let them take counsel together!<br/> Who told this long ago?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who declared it of old?<br/> Was it not I, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>And there is no other god besides me,<br/> a righteous God and a Savior;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>there is none besides me.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23045022.01-3">“Turn to me and be saved,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all the ends of the earth!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>For I am God, and there is no other.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 8:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46008004.01-4">Therefore, as to the eating of food offered to idols, we know that “an idol has no real existence,” and that “there is no God but one.” For although there may be so-called gods in heaven or on earth—as indeed there are many “gods” and many “lords”— yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom are all things and for whom we exist, and one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom are all things and through whom we exist.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 10:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24010010.01-1">But the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is the true God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is the living God and the everlasting King.<br/> At his wrath the earth quakes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the nations cannot endure his indignation.</p> </div> </div><h5>John 17:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017003.01-2"><span class="woc">And this is eternal life, that they know you the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom you have sent.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52001009.01-3">For they themselves report concerning us the kind of reception we had among you, and how you turned to God from idols to serve the living and true God,</p> </div><h5>1 John 5:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62005020.01-4">And we know that the Son of God has come and has given us understanding, so that we may know him who is true; and we are in him who is true, in his Son Jesus Christ. He is the true God and eternal life.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 6:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05006004.01-1">“Hear, O Israel: The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is one.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 8:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46008004.01-2">Therefore, as to the eating of food offered to idols, we know that “an idol has no real existence,” and that “there is no God but one.”</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 8:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46008006.01-3">yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom are all things and for whom we exist, and one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom are all things and through whom we exist.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 45:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23045021.01-4">Declare and present your case;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let them take counsel together!<br/> Who told this long ago?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who declared it of old?<br/> Was it not I, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>And there is no other god besides me,<br/> a righteous God and a Savior;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>there is none besides me.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23045022.01-4">“Turn to me and be saved,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all the ends of the earth!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>For I am God, and there is no other.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 44:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23044006.07-5">Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the King of Israel<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his Redeemer, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts:<br/> “I am the first and I am the last;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>besides me there is no god.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 10:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24010010.01-1">But the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is the true God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is the living God and the everlasting King.<br/> At his wrath the earth quakes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the nations cannot endure his indignation.</p> </div> </div><h5>John 17:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017003.01-2"><span class="woc">And this is eternal life, that they know you the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom you have sent.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52001009.01-3">For they themselves report concerning us the kind of reception we had among you, and how you turned to God from idols to serve the living and true God,</p> </div><h5>1 John 5:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62005020.01-4">And we know that the Son of God has come and has given us understanding, so that we may know him who is true; and we are in him who is true, in his Son Jesus Christ. He is the true God and eternal life.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 19 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 4 + WLC 7 — What is God?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/18</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 4.</span> What is God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> God is a Spirit,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> infinite,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> eternal,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> and unchangeable,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup> in his being,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc5">5</sup> wisdom,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc6">6</sup> power,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc7">7</sup> holiness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc8">8</sup> justice,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc9">9</sup> goodness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc10">10</sup> and truth.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc11">11</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 7.</span> What is God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> God is a Spirit,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">12</sup> in and of himself infinite in being,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">13</sup> glory,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">14</sup> blessedness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">15</sup> and perfection;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">16</sup> all-sufficient,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">17</sup> eternal,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">18</sup> unchangeable,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">19</sup> incomprehensible,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">20</sup> every where present,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">21</sup> almighty,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">22</sup> knowing all things,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">23</sup> most wise,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">24</sup> most holy,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">25</sup> most just,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">26</sup> most merciful and gracious, long-suffering, and abundant in goodness and truth.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">27</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 4:15-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05004015.03-1">“Therefore watch yourselves very carefully. Since you saw no form on the day that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke to you at Horeb out of the midst of the fire, beware lest you act corruptly by making a carved image for yourselves, in the form of any figure, the likeness of male or female, the likeness of any animal that is on the earth, the likeness of any winged bird that flies in the air, the likeness of anything that creeps on the ground, the likeness of any fish that is in the water under the earth. And beware lest you raise your eyes to heaven, and when you see the sun and the moon and the stars, all the host of heaven, you be drawn away and bow down to them and serve them, things that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has allotted to all the peoples under the whole heaven.</p> </div><h5>Luke 24:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42024039.01-2"><span class="woc">See my hands and my feet, that it is I myself. Touch me, and see. For a spirit does not have flesh and bones as you see that I have.”</span></p> </div><h5>John 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001018.01-3">No one has ever seen God; the only God, who is at the Father's side, he has made him known.</p> </div><h5>John 4:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43004024.01-4"><span class="woc">God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 17:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p44017029.01-5">Being then God's offspring, we ought not to think that the divine being is like gold or silver or stone, an image formed by the art and imagination of man.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Kings 8:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11008027.01-1">“But will God indeed dwell on the earth? Behold, heaven and the highest heaven cannot contain you; how much less this house that I have built!</p> </div><h5>Psalm 139:7-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19139007.01-2">Where shall I go from your Spirit?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Or where shall I flee from your presence?<br/>  If I ascend to heaven, you are there!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>If I make my bed in Sheol, you are there!<br/>  If I take the wings of the morning<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea,<br/>  even there your hand shall lead me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your right hand shall hold me.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 145:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19145003.01-3">Great is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and greatly to be praised,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his greatness is unsearchable.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 147:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19147005.01-4">Great is our Lord, and abundant in power;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his understanding is beyond measure.</p> </div> </div><h5>Jeremiah 23:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24023024.01-5">Can a man hide himself in secret places so that I cannot see him? declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. Do I not fill heaven and earth? declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div><h5>Romans 11:33-36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45011033.01-6">Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45011034.01-6">“For who has known the mind of the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or who has been his counselor?”<br/>  “Or who has given a gift to him<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that he might be repaid?”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p45011036.01-6">For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 33:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p05033027.01-1">The eternal God is your dwelling place,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and underneath are the everlasting arms.<br/> And he thrust out the enemy before you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and said, Destroy.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 90:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19090002.01-2">Before the mountains were brought forth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or ever you had formed the earth and the world,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from everlasting to everlasting you are God.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 102:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19102012.01-3">But you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, are enthroned forever;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you are remembered throughout all generations.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 102:24-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19102024.01-4">“O my God,” I say, “take me not away<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the midst of my days—<br/> you whose years endure<br/> <span class="indent"></span>throughout all generations!”</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19102025.01-4">Of old you laid the foundation of the earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the heavens are the work of your hands.<br/>  They will perish, but you will remain;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they will all wear out like a garment.<br/> You will change them like a robe, and they will pass away,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but you are the same, and your years have no end.</p> </div> </div><h5>Revelation 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p66001004.06-5">John to the seven churches that are in Asia:</p> <p id="p66001004.15-5">Grace to you and peace from him who is and who was and who is to come, and from the seven spirits who are before his throne,</p> </div><h5>Revelation 1:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66001008.01-6">“I am the Alpha and the Omega,” says the Lord God, “who is and who was and who is to come, the Almighty.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 33:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19033011.01-1">The counsel of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> stands forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the plans of his heart to all generations.</p> </div> </div><h5>Malachi 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p39003006.03-2">“For I the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> do not change; therefore you, O children of Jacob, are not consumed.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p58001012.01-3">like a robe you will roll them up,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like a garment they will be changed.<br/> But you are the same,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your years will have no end.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 6:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006017.01-4">So when God desired to show more convincingly to the heirs of the promise the unchangeable character of his purpose, he guaranteed it with an oath, so that by two unchangeable things, in which it is impossible for God to lie, we who have fled for refuge might have strong encouragement to hold fast to the hope set before us.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 13:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58013008.01-5">Jesus Christ is the same yesterday and today and forever.</p> </div><h5>James 1:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001017.01-6">Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of lights with whom there is no variation or shadow due to change.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02003014.01-1">God said to Moses, “<span class="small-caps">I am who I am</span>.” And he said, “Say this to the people of Israel, ‘<span class="small-caps">I am</span> has sent me to you.’”</p> </div><h5>Psalm 115:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19115002.01-2">Why should the nations say,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Where is their God?”<br/>  Our God is in the heavens;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he does all that he pleases.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Timothy 1:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54001017.01-3">To the King of ages, immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 6:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006015.01-4">which he will display at the proper time—he who is the blessed and only Sovereign, the King of kings and Lord of lords, who alone has immortality, who dwells in unapproachable light, whom no one has ever seen or can see. To him be honor and eternal dominion. Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 104:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19104024.01-1">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, how manifold are your works!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>In wisdom have you made them all;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the earth is full of your creatures.</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 11:33-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45011033.01-2">Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45011034.01-2">“For who has known the mind of the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or who has been his counselor?”</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58004013.01-3">And no creature is hidden from his sight, but all are naked and exposed to the eyes of him to whom we must give account.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003020.01-4">for whenever our heart condemns us, God is greater than our heart, and he knows everything.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 17:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p01017001.07-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v01017001-1">17:1 </span>When Abram was ninety-nine years old the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> appeared to Abram and said to him, “I am God Almighty; walk before me, and be blameless,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 62:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19062011.01-2">Once God has spoken;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>twice have I heard this:<br/> that power belongs to God,</p> </div> </div><h5>Jeremiah 32:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24032017.01-3">‘Ah, Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>! It is you who have made the heavens and the earth by your great power and by your outstretched arm! Nothing is too hard for you.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 19:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019026.01-4">But Jesus looked at them and said, <span class="woc">“With man this is impossible, but with God all things are possible.”</span></p> </div><h5>Revelation 1:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66001008.01-5">“I am the Alpha and the Omega,” says the Lord God, “who is and who was and who is to come, the Almighty.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Habakkuk 1:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p35001013.01-1">You who are of purer eyes than to see evil<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and cannot look at wrong,<br/> why do you idly look at traitors<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and remain silent when the wicked swallows up<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the man more righteous than he?</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Peter 1:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001015.01-2">but as he who called you is holy, you also be holy in all your conduct, since it is written, “You shall be holy, for I am holy.”</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003003.01-3">And everyone who thus hopes in him purifies himself as he is pure.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003005.01-4">You know that he appeared to take away sins, and in him there is no sin.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 15:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66015004.01-5">Who will not fear, O Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and glorify your name?<br/> For you alone are holy.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>All nations will come<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and worship you,<br/> for your righteous acts have been revealed.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 18:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01018025.01-1">Far be it from you to do such a thing, to put the righteous to death with the wicked, so that the righteous fare as the wicked! Far be that from you! Shall not the Judge of all the earth do what is just?”</p> </div><h5>Exodus 34:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02034006.01-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> passed before him and proclaimed, “The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, a God merciful and gracious, slow to anger, and abounding in steadfast love and faithfulness, keeping steadfast love for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, but who will by no means clear the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children and the children's children, to the third and the fourth generation.”</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 32:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p05032004.01-3">“The Rock, his work is perfect,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all his ways are justice.<br/> A God of faithfulness and without iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>just and upright is he.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 96:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19096013.01-4"><span class="indent"></span>before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, for he comes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he comes to judge the earth.<br/> He will judge the world in righteousness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the peoples in his faithfulness.</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p45003005.01-5">But if our unrighteousness serves to show the righteousness of God, what shall we say? That God is unrighteous to inflict wrath on us? (I speak in a human way.)</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003026.01-6">It was to show his righteousness at the present time, so that he might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 103:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19103005.01-1">who satisfies you with good<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so that your youth is renewed like the eagle's.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 107:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19107008.01-2">Let them thank the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> for his steadfast love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his wondrous works to the children of man!</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 19:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019017.01-3">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“Why do you ask me about what is good? There is only one who is good. If you would enter life, keep the commandments.”</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002004.01-4">Or do you presume on the riches of his kindness and forbearance and patience, not knowing that God's kindness is meant to lead you to repentance?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 34:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02034006.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> passed before him and proclaimed, “The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, a God merciful and gracious, slow to anger, and abounding in steadfast love and faithfulness,</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 32:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p05032004.01-2">“The Rock, his work is perfect,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all his ways are justice.<br/> A God of faithfulness and without iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>just and upright is he.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 86:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19086015.01-3">But you, O Lord, are a God merciful and gracious,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>slow to anger and abounding in steadfast love and faithfulness.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 117:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19117002.01-4">For great is his steadfast love toward us,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the faithfulness of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> endures forever.<br/> Praise the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 6:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006018.01-5">so that by two unchangeable things, in which it is impossible for God to lie, we who have fled for refuge might have strong encouragement to hold fast to the hope set before us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 4:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43004024.01-1"><span class="woc">God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02003014.01-1">God said to Moses, “<span class="small-caps">I am who I am</span>.” And he said, “Say this to the people of Israel, ‘<span class="small-caps">I am</span> has sent me to you.’”</p> </div><h5>Job 11:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18011007.01-2">“Can you find out the deep things of God?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Can you find out the limit of the Almighty?<br/>  It is higher than heaven—what can you do?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Deeper than Sheol—what can you know?<br/>  Its measure is longer than the earth<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and broader than the sea.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 145:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19145003.01-3">Great is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and greatly to be praised,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his greatness is unsearchable.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 147:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19147005.01-4">Great is our Lord, and abundant in power;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his understanding is beyond measure.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 7:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44007002.01-1">And Stephen said:</p> <p id="p44007002.04-1">“Brothers and fathers, hear me. The God of glory appeared to our father Abraham when he was in Mesopotamia, before he lived in Haran,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 6:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006015.01-1">which he will display at the proper time—he who is the blessed and only Sovereign, the King of kings and Lord of lords,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40005048.01-1"><span class="woc">You therefore must be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02003014.01-1">God said to Moses, “<span class="small-caps">I am who I am</span>.” And he said, “Say this to the people of Israel, ‘<span class="small-caps">I am</span> has sent me to you.’”</p> </div><h5>Genesis 17:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p01017001.07-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v01017001-2">17:1 </span>When Abram was ninety-nine years old the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> appeared to Abram and said to him, “I am God Almighty; walk before me, and be blameless,</p> </div><h5>Romans 11:35-36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45011035.01-3">“Or who has given a gift to him<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that he might be repaid?”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p45011036.01-3">For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 90:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19090002.01-1">Before the mountains were brought forth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or ever you had formed the earth and the world,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from everlasting to everlasting you are God.</p> </div> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 33:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p05033027.01-2">The eternal God is your dwelling place,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and underneath are the everlasting arms.<br/> And he thrust out the enemy before you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and said, Destroy.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Malachi 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p39003006.03-1">“For I the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> do not change; therefore you, O children of Jacob, are not consumed.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Kings 8:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11008027.01-1">“But will God indeed dwell on the earth? Behold, heaven and the highest heaven cannot contain you; how much less this house that I have built!</p> </div><h5>Psalm 145:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19145003.01-2">Great is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and greatly to be praised,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his greatness is unsearchable.</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 11:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45011034.01-3">“For who has known the mind of the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or who has been his counselor?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 139:1-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19139001.16-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19139001-1">139:1 </span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, you have searched me and known me!<br/>  You know when I sit down and when I rise up;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you discern my thoughts from afar.<br/>  You search out my path and my lying down<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and are acquainted with all my ways.<br/>  Even before a word is on my tongue,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>behold, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, you know it altogether.<br/>  You hem me in, behind and before,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and lay your hand upon me.<br/>  Such knowledge is too wonderful for me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>it is high; I cannot attain it.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19139007.01-1">Where shall I go from your Spirit?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Or where shall I flee from your presence?<br/>  If I ascend to heaven, you are there!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>If I make my bed in Sheol, you are there!<br/>  If I take the wings of the morning<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea,<br/>  even there your hand shall lead me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your right hand shall hold me.<br/>  If I say, “Surely the darkness shall cover me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the light about me be night,”<br/>  even the darkness is not dark to you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the night is bright as the day,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for darkness is as light with you.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19139013.01-1">For you formed my inward parts;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you knitted me together in my mother's womb.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 4:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66004008.01-1">And the four living creatures, each of them with six wings, are full of eyes all around and within, and day and night they never cease to say,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66004008.29-1">“Holy, holy, holy, is the Lord God Almighty,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who was and is and is to come!”</p> </div> </div><h5>Genesis 17:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p01017001.07-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v01017001-2">17:1 </span>When Abram was ninety-nine years old the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> appeared to Abram and said to him, “I am God Almighty; walk before me, and be blameless,</p> </div><h5>Matthew 19:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019026.01-3">But Jesus looked at them and said, <span class="woc">“With man this is impossible, but with God all things are possible.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58004013.01-1">And no creature is hidden from his sight, but all are naked and exposed to the eyes of him to whom we must give account.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 147:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19147005.01-2">Great is our Lord, and abundant in power;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his understanding is beyond measure.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 11:33-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45011033.01-1">Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45011034.01-1">“For who has known the mind of the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or who has been his counselor?”</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 16:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45016027.01-2">to the only wise God be glory forevermore through Jesus Christ! Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 1:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001015.01-1">but as he who called you is holy, you also be holy in all your conduct, since it is written, “You shall be holy, for I am holy.”</p> </div><h5>Revelation 15:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66015004.01-2">Who will not fear, O Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and glorify your name?<br/> For you alone are holy.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>All nations will come<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and worship you,<br/> for your righteous acts have been revealed.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 6:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p23006003.01-3">And one called to another and said:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23006003.08-3">“Holy, holy, holy is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts;<br/> the whole earth is full of his glory!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 32:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p05032004.01-1">“The Rock, his work is perfect,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all his ways are justice.<br/> A God of faithfulness and without iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>just and upright is he.</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p45003005.01-2">But if our unrighteousness serves to show the righteousness of God, what shall we say? That God is unrighteous to inflict wrath on us? (I speak in a human way.)</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003026.01-3">It was to show his righteousness at the present time, so that he might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 34:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02034006.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> passed before him and proclaimed, “The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, a God merciful and gracious, slow to anger, and abounding in steadfast love and faithfulness,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 117:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19117002.01-2">For great is his steadfast love toward us,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the faithfulness of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> endures forever.<br/> Praise the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!</p> </div> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 32:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p05032004.01-3">“The Rock, his work is perfect,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all his ways are justice.<br/> A God of faithfulness and without iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>just and upright is he.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 18 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>WCF 2.1 — Of God, and of the holy Trinity, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/17</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 2: Of God, and of the Holy Trinity</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> There is but one only,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> living, and true God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> who is infinite in being and perfection,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> a most pure spirit,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> invisible,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> without body, parts,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> or passions;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup> immutable,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf8">8</sup> immense,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf9">9</sup> eternal,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf10">10</sup> incomprehensible,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf11">11</sup> almighty,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf12">12</sup> most wise,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf13">13</sup> most holy,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf14">14</sup> most free,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf15">15</sup> most absolute;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf16">16</sup> working all things according to the counsel of his own immutable and most righteous will,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf17">17</sup> for his own glory;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf18">18</sup> most loving,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf19">19</sup> gracious, merciful, long-suffering, abundant in goodness and truth, forgiving iniquity, transgression, and sin;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf20">20</sup> the rewarder of them that diligently seek him;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf21">21</sup> and withal, most just, and terrible in his judgments,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf22">22</sup> hating all sin,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf23">23</sup> and who will by no means clear the guilty.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf24">24</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 6:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Hear, O Israel: The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is one.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 8:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, as to the eating of food offered to idols, we know that “an idol has no real existence,” and that “there is no God but one.”</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 8:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom are all things and for whom we exist, and one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom are all things and through whom we exist.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now an intermediary implies more than one, but God is one.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For they themselves report concerning us the kind of reception we had among you, and how you turned to God from idols to serve the living and true God,</p> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 10:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">But the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is the true God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is the living God and the everlasting King.<br/> At his wrath the earth quakes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the nations cannot endure his indignation.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Job 11:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Can you find out the deep things of God?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Can you find out the limit of the Almighty?<br/> It is higher than heaven—what can you do?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Deeper than Sheol—what can you know?<br/> Its measure is longer than the earth<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and broader than the sea.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Job 26:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Behold, these are but the outskirts of his ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and how small a whisper do we hear of him!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>But the thunder of his power who can understand?”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 139:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Such knowledge is too wonderful for me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>it is high; I cannot attain it.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 4:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43004024.01-1"><span class="woc">God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 1:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>To the King of the ages, immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.</p> </div> <h5>John 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>No one has ever seen God; God the only Son, who is at the Father’s side, he has made him known.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 4:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Therefore watch yourselves very carefully. Since you saw no form on the day that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke to you at Horeb out of the midst of the fire, beware lest you act corruptly by making a carved image for yourselves, in the form of any figure, the likeness of male or female,</p> </div> <h5>John 4:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Luke 24:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">See my hands and my feet, that it is I myself. Touch me, and see. For a spirit does not have flesh and bones as you see that I have.”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 14:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44014011.01-1">And when the crowds saw what Paul had done, they lifted up their voices, saying in Lycaonian, “The gods have come down to us in the likeness of men!”</p> </div><h5>Acts 14:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44014015.01-2">“Men, why are you doing these things? We also are men, of like nature with you, and we bring you good news, that you should turn from these vain things to a living God, who made the heaven and the earth and the sea and all that is in them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 1:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001017.01-1">Every good gift and every perfect gift is from above, coming down from the Father of lights with whom there is no variation or shadow due to change.</p> </div><h5>Malachi 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p39003006.03-2">“For I the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> do not change; therefore you, O children of Jacob, are not consumed.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Kings 8:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11008027.01-1">“But will God indeed dwell on the earth? Behold, heaven and the highest heaven cannot contain you; how much less this house that I have built!</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 23:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24023023.01-2">“Am I a God at hand, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and not a God far away? Can a man hide himself in secret places so that I cannot see him? declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. Do I not fill heaven and earth? declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 90:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Before the mountains were brought forth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or ever you had formed the earth and the world,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from everlasting to everlasting you are God.</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 1:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>To the King of the ages, immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 145:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Great is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and greatly to be praised,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his greatness is unsearchable.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Romans 11:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“For who has known the mind of the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or who has been his counselor?”</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 17:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p01017001.07-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v01017001-1">17:1 </span>When Abram was ninety-nine years old the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> appeared to Abram and said to him, “I am God Almighty; walk before me, and be blameless,</p> </div><h5>Revelation 4:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66004008.01-2">And the four living creatures, each of them with six wings, are full of eyes all around and within, and day and night they never cease to say,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66004008.29-2">“Holy, holy, holy, is the Lord God Almighty,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who was and is and is to come!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 16:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45016027.01-1">to the only wise God be glory forevermore through Jesus Christ! Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 6:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And one called to another and said:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Holy, holy, holy is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts;<br/> the whole earth is full of his glory!”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Revelation 4:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the four living creatures, each of them with six wings, are full of eyes all around and within, and day and night they never cease to say,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Holy, holy, holy, is the Lord God Almighty,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who was and is and is to come!”</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 115:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Our God is in the heavens;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he does all that he pleases.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 14:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts has sworn:<br/> “As I have planned,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so shall it be,<br/> and as I have purposed,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so shall it stand,</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 45:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and there is no other,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>besides me there is no God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I equip you, though you do not know me,<br/> that people may know, from the rising of the sun<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and from the west, that there is none besides me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and there is no other.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Exodus 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>God said to Moses, “I AM WHO I AM.” And he said, “Say this to the people of Israel: ‘I AM has sent me to you.’”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 16:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has made everything for its purpose,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>even the wicked for the day of trouble.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Romans 11:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen.</p> </div> <h5>Revelation 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Worthy are you, our Lord and God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to receive glory and honor and power,<br/> for you created all things,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by your will they existed and were created.”</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf19"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 4:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Anyone who does not love does not know God, because God is love.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So we have come to know and to believe the love that God has for us. God is love, and whoever abides in love abides in God, and God abides in him.</p> </div> <h5>John 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf20"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 34:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02034006.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> passed before him and proclaimed, “The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, a God merciful and gracious, slow to anger, and abounding in steadfast love and faithfulness, keeping steadfast love for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, but who will by no means clear the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children and the children's children, to the third and the fourth generation.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf21"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 11:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And without faith it is impossible to please him, for whoever would draw near to God must believe that he exists and that he rewards those who seek him.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf22"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Nehemiah 9:32-33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Now, therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the awesome God, who keeps covenant and steadfast love, let not all the hardship seem little to you that has come upon us, upon our kings, our princes, our priests, our prophets, our fathers, and all your people, since the time of the kings of Assyria until this day. Yet you have been righteous in all that has come upon us, for you have dealt faithfully and we have acted wickedly.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 10:28-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Anyone who has set aside the law of Moses dies without mercy on the evidence of two or three witnesses. How much worse punishment, do you think, will be deserved by the one who has trampled underfoot the Son of God, and has profaned the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified, and has outraged the Spirit of grace? For we know him who said, “Vengeance is mine; I will repay.” And again, “The Lord will judge his people.” It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf23"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who by their unrighteousness suppress the truth.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 5:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The boastful shall not stand before your eyes;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you hate all evildoers.<br/> You destroy those who speak lies;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> abhors the bloodthirsty and deceitful man.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 11:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> tests the righteous,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but his soul hates the wicked and the one who loves violence.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf24"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 34:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>keeping steadfast love for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, but who will by no means clear the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children and the children’s children, to the third and the fourth generation.”</p> </div> <h5>Nahum 1:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is a jealous and avenging God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is avenging and wrathful;<br/> the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> takes vengeance on his adversaries<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and keeps wrath for his enemies.<br/> The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is slow to anger and great in power,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will by no means clear the guilty.<br/> His way is in whirlwind and storm,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the clouds are the dust of his feet.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Nahum 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Who can stand before his indignation?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who can endure the heat of his anger?<br/> His wrath is poured out like fire,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the rocks are broken into pieces by him.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 17 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 6 — What do the Scriptures make known of God?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/16</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 6.</span> What do the Scriptures make known of God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Scriptures make known what God is,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> the persons in the Godhead,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> his decrees,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and the execution of his decrees.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 4:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43004024.01-1"><span class="woc">God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.”</span></p> </div><h5>Exodus 34:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02034006.01-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> passed before him and proclaimed, “The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, a God merciful and gracious, slow to anger, and abounding in steadfast love and faithfulness, keeping steadfast love for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, but who will by no means clear the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children and the children's children, to the third and the fourth generation.”</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 40:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23040018.01-3">To whom then will you liken God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or what likeness compare with him?</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 40:21-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23040021.01-4">Do you not know? Do you not hear?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Has it not been told you from the beginning?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Have you not understood from the foundations of the earth?<br/>  It is he who sits above the circle of the earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and its inhabitants are like grasshoppers;<br/> who stretches out the heavens like a curtain,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and spreads them like a tent to dwell in;<br/>  who brings princes to nothing,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes the rulers of the earth as emptiness.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 40:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23040025.01-5">To whom then will you compare me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I should be like him? says the Holy One.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 40:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23040028.01-6">Have you not known? Have you not heard?<br/> The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is the everlasting God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the Creator of the ends of the earth.<br/> He does not faint or grow weary;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his understanding is unsearchable.</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 11:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58011006.01-7">And without faith it is impossible to please him, for whoever would draw near to God must believe that he exists and that he rewards those who seek him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 3:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40003016.01-1">And when Jesus was baptized, immediately he went up from the water, and behold, the heavens were opened to him, and he saw the Spirit of God descending like a dove and coming to rest on him; and behold, a voice from heaven said, “This is my beloved Son, with whom I am well pleased.”</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 6:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05006004.01-2">“Hear, O Israel: The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is one. You shall love the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might. And these words that I command you today shall be on your heart.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 8:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46008004.01-3">Therefore, as to the eating of food offered to idols, we know that “an idol has no real existence,” and that “there is no God but one.”</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 8:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46008006.01-4">yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom are all things and for whom we exist, and one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom are all things and through whom we exist.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-5"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 13:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47013014.01-6">The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ and the love of God and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 15:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44015014.01-1">Simeon has related how God first visited the Gentiles, to take from them a people for his name. And with this the words of the prophets agree, just as it is written,</p> </div><h5>Acts 15:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44015018.01-2"><span class="verse-num inline" id="v44015018-2">18 </span>known from of old.’</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 46:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23046009.01-3"><span class="indent"></span>remember the former things of old;<br/> for I am God, and there is no other;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I am God, and there is none like me,<br/>  declaring the end from the beginning<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and from ancient times things not yet done,<br/> saying, ‘My counsel shall stand,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will accomplish all my purpose,’  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 4:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p44004027.01-1">for truly in this city there were gathered together against your holy servant Jesus, whom you anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, along with the Gentiles and the peoples of Israel, to do whatever your hand and your plan had predestined to take place.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 16 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 3 + WLC 5 — What do the Scriptures principally teach?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/15</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 3.</span> What do the scriptures principally teach?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Scriptures principally teach, what man is to believe concerning God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and what duty God requires of man.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 5.</span> What do the Scriptures principally teach?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Scriptures principally teach, what man is to believe concerning God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> and what duty God requires of man.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p01001001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v01001001-1">1:1 </span>In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.</p> </div><h5>John 5:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43005039.01-2"><span class="woc">You search the Scriptures because you think that in them you have eternal life; and it is they that bear witness about me,</span></p> </div><h5>John 20:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43020031.01-3">but these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name.</p> </div><h5>Romans 10:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010017.01-4">So faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ.</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003015.01-5">and how from childhood you have been acquainted with the sacred writings, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 10:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05010012.04-1">“And now, Israel, what does the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God require of you, but to fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, to walk in all his ways, to love him, to serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with all your heart and with all your soul, and to keep the commandments and statutes of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, which I am commanding you today for your good?</p> </div><h5>Joshua 1:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p06001008.01-2">This Book of the Law shall not depart from your mouth, but you shall meditate on it day and night, so that you may be careful to do according to all that is written in it. For then you will make your way prosperous, and then you will have good success.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 119:105</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119105.02-3">Your word is a lamp to my feet<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a light to my path.</p> </div> </div><h5>Micah 6:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p33006008.01-4">He has told you, O man, what is good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and what does the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> require of you<br/> but to do justice, and to love kindness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to walk humbly with your God?</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Timothy 3:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003016.01-5">All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be competent, equipped for every good work.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p01001001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v01001001-1">1:1 </span>In the beginning, God created the heavens and the earth.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 34:5-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02034005.01-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> descended in the cloud and stood with him there, and proclaimed the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> passed before him and proclaimed, “The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, a God merciful and gracious, slow to anger, and abounding in steadfast love and faithfulness, keeping steadfast love for thousands, forgiving iniquity and transgression and sin, but who will by no means clear the guilty, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children and the children's children, to the third and the fourth generation.”</p> </div><h5>Psalm 48:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19048001.16-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19048001-3">48:1 </span>Great is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and greatly to be praised<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the city of our God!<br/> His holy mountain,</p> </div> </div><h5>John 20:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43020031.01-4">but these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name.</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003015.01-5">and how from childhood you have been acquainted with the sacred writings, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 10:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05010012.04-1">“And now, Israel, what does the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God require of you, but to fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, to walk in all his ways, to love him, to serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with all your heart and with all your soul, and to keep the commandments and statutes of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, which I am commanding you today for your good?</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 3:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003015.01-2">and how from childhood you have been acquainted with the sacred writings, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus. All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be competent, equipped for every good work.</p> </div><h5>Acts 16:30-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44016030.01-3">Then he brought them out and said, “Sirs, what must I do to be saved?” And they said, “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved, you and your household.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 15 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 1.10 — Of the holy Scripture, part 10</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/14</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 1: Of the Holy Scripture</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">10.</span> The supreme judge by which all controversies of religion are to be determined, and all decrees of councils, opinions of ancient writers, doctrines of men, and private spirits, are to be examined, and in whose sentence we are to rest, can be no other but the Holy Spirit speaking in the Scripture.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 22:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But Jesus answered them, <span class="woc">“You are wrong, because you know neither the Scriptures nor the power of God.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 22:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And as for the resurrection of the dead, have you not read what was said to you by God:</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 28:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And disagreeing among themselves, they departed after Paul had made one statement: “The Holy Spirit was right in saying to your fathers through Isaiah the prophet:</p> </div> <h5>1 John 4:1-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Beloved, do not believe every spirit, but test the spirits to see whether they are from God, for many false prophets have gone out into the world. By this you know the Spirit of God: every spirit that confesses that Jesus Christ has come in the flesh is from God, and every spirit that does not confess Jesus is not from God. This is the spirit of the antichrist, which you heard was coming and now is in the world already. Little children, you are from God and have overcome them, for he who is in you is greater than he who is in the world. They are from the world; therefore they speak from the world, and the world listens to them. We are from God. Whoever knows God listens to us; whoever is not from God does not listen to us. By this we know the Spirit of truth and the spirit of error.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 14 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 1.9 — Of the holy Scripture, part 9</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/13</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 1: Of the Holy Scripture</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">9.</span> The infallible rule of interpretation of Scripture is the Scripture itself: and therefore, when there is a question about the true and full sense of any Scripture (which is not manifold, but one), it must be searched and known by other places that speak more clearly.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 15:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And with this the words of the prophets agree, just as it is written,</p> </div> <h5>John 5:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">For if you believed Moses, you would believe me; for he wrote of me.</span></p> </div> <h5>2 Peter 1:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>knowing this first of all, that no prophecy of Scripture comes from someone’s own interpretation. For no prophecy was ever produced by the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 13 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 1.8 — Of the holy Scripture, part 8</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/12</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 1: Of the Holy Scripture</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">8.</span> The Old Testament in Hebrew (which was the native language of the people of God of old), and the New Testament in Greek (which, at the time of the writing of it, was most generally known to the nations), being immediately inspired by God, and, by his singular care and providence, kept pure in all ages, are therefore authentical;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> so as, in all controversies of religion, the church is finally to appeal unto them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> But, because these original tongues are not known to all the people of God, who have right unto, and interest in the Scriptures, and are commanded, in the fear of God, to read and search them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> therefore they are to be translated into the vulgar language of every nation unto which they come,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> that, the Word of God dwelling plentifully in all, they may worship him in an acceptable manner;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> and, through patience and comfort of the Scriptures, may have hope.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">For truly, I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, not an iota, not a dot, will pass from the Law until all is accomplished.</span></p> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:89</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Forever, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, your word<br/> <span class="indent"></span>is firmly fixed in the heavens.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 8:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>To the teaching and to the testimony! If they will not speak according to this word, it is because they have no dawn.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 15:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He answered them, <span class="woc">“And why do you break the commandment of God for the sake of your tradition?</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 15:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">he need not honor his father.’</span> <span class="woc">So for the sake of your tradition you have made void the word of God.</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 15:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And with this the words of the prophets agree, just as it is written,</p> </div> <h5>Luke 16:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">He said to him, ‘If they do not hear Moses and the Prophets, neither will they be convinced if someone should rise from the dead.’”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 5:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">You search the Scriptures because you think that in them you have eternal life; and it is they that bear witness about me,</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 17:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now these Jews were more noble than those in Thessalonica; they received the word with all eagerness, examining the Scriptures daily to see if these things were so.</p> </div> <h5>Revelation 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Blessed is the one who reads aloud the words of this prophecy, and blessed are those who hear, and who keep what is written in it, for the time is near.</p> </div> <h5>2 Timothy 3:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But as for you, continue in what you have learned and have firmly believed, knowing from whom you learned it and how from childhood you have been acquainted with the sacred writings, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 14:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now, brothers, if I come to you speaking in tongues, how will I benefit you unless I bring you some revelation or knowledge or prophecy or teaching?</p> </div> <h5>Mark 15:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And at the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, <span class="woc">“Eloi, Eloi, lema sabachthani?”</span> which means, <span class="woc">“My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly, teaching and admonishing one another in all wisdom, singing psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, with thankfulness in your hearts to God.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 20:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 15:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">You hypocrites! Well did Isaiah prophesy of you, when he said:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">“‘This people honors me with their lips,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">but their heart is far from me;</span><br/> <span class="woc">in vain do they worship me,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.’”</span></p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 15:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For whatever was written in former days was written for our instruction, that through endurance and through the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 12 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 1.7 — Of the holy Scripture, part 7</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/11</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 1: Of the Holy Scripture</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">7.</span> All things in Scripture are not alike plain in themselves, nor alike clear unto all:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet those things which are necessary to be known, believed, and observed for salvation, are so clearly propounded, and opened in some place of Scripture or other, that not only the learned, but the unlearned, in a due use of the ordinary means, may attain unto a sufficient understanding of them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Peter 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61003016.01-1">as he does in all his letters when he speaks in them of these matters. There are some things in them that are hard to understand, which the ignorant and unstable twist to their own destruction, as they do the other Scriptures.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 119:105</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Your word is a lamp to my feet<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a light to my path.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:130</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The unfolding of your words gives light;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>it imparts understanding to the simple.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 29:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“The secret things belong to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, but the things that are revealed belong to us and to our children forever, that we may do all the words of this law.</p> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 30:10-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>when you obey the voice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, to keep his commandments and his statutes that are written in this Book of the Law, when you turn to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with all your heart and with all your soul.</p> <p>“For this commandment that I command you today is not too hard for you, neither is it far off. It is not in heaven, that you should say, ‘Who will ascend to heaven for us and bring it to us, that we may hear it and do it?’ Neither is it beyond the sea, that you should say, ‘Who will go over the sea for us and bring it to us, that we may hear it and do it?’ But the word is very near you. It is in your mouth and in your heart, so that you can do it.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 17:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now these Jews were more noble than those in Thessalonica; they received the word with all eagerness, examining the Scriptures daily to see if these things were so.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 11 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 1.6 — Of the holy Scripture, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/10</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 1: Of the Holy Scripture</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> The whole counsel of God concerning all things necessary for his own glory, man's salvation, faith and life, is either expressly set down in Scripture, or by good and necessary consequence may be deduced from Scripture: unto which nothing at any time is to be added, whether by new revelations of the Spirit, or traditions of men.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> Nevertheless, we acknowledge the inward illumination of the Spirit of God to be necessary for the saving understanding of such things as are revealed in the Word:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and that there are some circumstances concerning the worship of God, and government of the church, common to human actions and societies, which are to be ordered by the light of nature, and Christian prudence, according to the general rules of the Word, which are always to be observed.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 3:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be complete, equipped for every good work.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 1:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But even if we or an angel from heaven should preach to you a gospel contrary to the one we preached to you, let him be accursed. As we have said before, so now I say again: If anyone is preaching to you a gospel contrary to the one you received, let him be accursed.</p> </div> <h5>2 Thessalonians 2:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>not to be quickly shaken in mind or alarmed, either by a spirit or a spoken word, or a letter seeming to be from us, to the effect that the day of the Lord has come.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 6:45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">It is written in the Prophets, ‘And they will all be taught by God.’ Everyone who has heard and learned from the Father comes to me—</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">Now we have received not the spirit of the world, but the Spirit who is from God, that we might understand the things freely given us by God.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 2:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The natural person does not accept the things of the Spirit of God, for they are folly to him, and he is not able to understand them because they are spiritually discerned. The spiritual person judges all things, but is himself to be judged by no one.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>having the eyes of your hearts enlightened, that you may know what is the hope to which he has called you, what are the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints,</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For God, who said, “Let light shine out of darkness,” has shone in our hearts to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011013.01-1">Judge for yourselves: is it proper for a wife to pray to God with her head uncovered? Does not nature itself teach you that if a man wears long hair it is a disgrace for him,</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 14:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46014026.03-2">What then, brothers? When you come together, each one has a hymn, a lesson, a revelation, a tongue, or an interpretation. Let all things be done for building up.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 14:40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46014040.01-3">But all things should be done decently and in order.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 10 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 4 — How doth it appear that the Scriptures are the Word of God?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/09</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 4.</span> How doth it appear that the Scriptures are the Word of God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Scriptures manifest themselves to be the Word of God, by their majesty<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and purity;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> by the consent of all the parts,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and the scope of the whole, which is to give all glory to God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> by their light and power to convince and convert sinners, to comfort and build up believers unto salvation:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> but the Spirit of God bearing witness by and with the Scriptures in the heart of man, is alone able fully to persuade it that they are the very Word of God.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hosea 8:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Were I to write for him my laws by the ten thousands,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they would be regarded as a strange thing.</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 2:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Yet among the mature we do impart wisdom, although it is not a wisdom of this age or of the rulers of this age, who are doomed to pass away. But we impart a secret and hidden wisdom of God, which God decreed before the ages for our glory.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">And we impart this in words not taught by human wisdom but taught by the Spirit, interpreting spiritual truths to those who are spiritual.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Open my eyes, that I may behold<br/> <span class="indent"></span>wondrous things out of your law.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 119:129</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Your testimonies are wonderful;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>therefore my soul keeps them.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 12:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19012006.01-1">The words of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> are pure words,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like silver refined in a furnace on the ground,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>purified seven times.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 119:140</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119140.01-2">Your promise is well tried,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your servant loves it.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 24:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42024027.01-1">And beginning with Moses and all the Prophets, he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself.</p> </div><h5>Acts 10:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44010043.01-2">To him all the prophets bear witness that everyone who believes in him receives forgiveness of sins through his name.”</p> </div><h5>Acts 26:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44026022.01-3">To this day I have had the help that comes from God, and so I stand here testifying both to small and great, saying nothing but what the prophets and Moses said would come to pass:  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003019.01-1">Now we know that whatever the law says it speaks to those who are under the law, so that every mouth may be stopped, and the whole world may be held accountable to God.</p> </div><h5>Romans 3:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003027.01-2">Then what becomes of our boasting? It is excluded. By what kind of law? By a law of works? No, but by the law of faith.</p> </div><h5>Romans 16:25-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45016025.02-3">Now to him who is able to strengthen you according to my gospel and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery that was kept secret for long ages but has now been disclosed and through the prophetic writings has been made known to all nations, according to the command of the eternal God, to bring about the obedience of faith— to the only wise God be glory forevermore through Jesus Christ! Amen.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 3:6-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47003006.01-4">who has made us competent to be ministers of a new covenant, not of the letter but of the Spirit. For the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life.</p> <p id="p47003007.01-4">Now if the ministry of death, carved in letters on stone, came with such glory that the Israelites could not gaze at Moses' face because of its glory, which was being brought to an end, will not the ministry of the Spirit have even more glory? For if there was glory in the ministry of condemnation, the ministry of righteousness must far exceed it in glory. Indeed, in this case, what once had glory has come to have no glory at all, because of the glory that surpasses it. For if what was being brought to an end came with glory, much more will what is permanent have glory.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 18:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44018028.01-1">for he powerfully refuted the Jews in public, showing by the Scriptures that the Christ was Jesus.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58004012.01-2">For the word of God is living and active, sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing to the division of soul and of spirit, of joints and of marrow, and discerning the thoughts and intentions of the heart.</p> </div><h5>James 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001018.01-3">Of his own will he brought us forth by the word of truth, that we should be a kind of firstfruits of his creatures.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 19:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19019007.01-4">The law of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is perfect,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>reviving the soul;<br/> the testimony of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is sure,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>making wise the simple;<br/>  the precepts of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> are right,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>rejoicing the heart;<br/> the commandment of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is pure,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>enlightening the eyes;<br/>  the fear of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is clean,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>enduring forever;<br/> the rules of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> are true,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and righteous altogether.</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 15:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45015004.01-5">For whatever was written in former days was written for our instruction, that through endurance and through the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope.</p> </div><h5>Acts 20:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44020032.01-6">And now I commend you to God and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up and to give you the inheritance among all those who are sanctified.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 16:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43016013.01-1"><span class="woc">When the Spirit of truth comes, he will guide you into all the truth, for he will not speak on his own authority, but whatever he hears he will speak, and he will declare to you the things that are to come.</span> <span class="woc">He will glorify me, for he will take what is mine and declare it to you.</span></p> </div><h5>1 John 2:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62002020.01-2">But you have been anointed by the Holy One, and you all have knowledge.</p> </div><h5>1 John 2:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62002027.01-3">But the anointing that you received from him abides in you, and you have no need that anyone should teach you. But as his anointing teaches you about everything, and is true, and is no lie—just as it has taught you, abide in him.</p> </div><h5>John 20:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43020031.01-4">but these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 09 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 1.5 — Of the holy Scripture, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/08</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 1: Of the Holy Scripture</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> We may be moved and induced by the testimony of the church to an high and reverent esteem of the Holy Scripture.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> And the heavenliness of the matter, the efficacy of the doctrine, the majesty of the style, the consent of all the parts, the scope of the whole (which is, to give all glory to God), the full discovery it makes of the only way of man's salvation, the many other incomparable excellencies, and the entire perfection thereof, are arguments whereby it doth abundantly evidence itself to be the Word of God: yet notwithstanding, our full persuasion and assurance of the infallible truth and divine authority thereof, is from the inward work of the Holy Spirit bearing witness by and with the Word in our hearts.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54003015.01-1">if I delay, you may know how one ought to behave in the household of God, which is the church of the living God, a pillar and buttress of the truth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 2:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But, as it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“What no eye has seen, nor ear heard,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor the heart of man imagined,<br/> what God has prepared for those who love him”—</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">these things God has revealed to us through the Spirit. For the Spirit searches everything, even the depths of God.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the word of God is living and active, sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing to the division of soul and of spirit, of joints and of marrow, and discerning the thoughts and intentions of the heart.</p> </div> <h5>John 10:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">If he called them gods to whom the word of God came—and Scripture cannot be broken—</span></p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 55:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">so shall my word be that goes out from my mouth;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>it shall not return to me empty,<br/> but it shall accomplish that which I purpose,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shall succeed in the thing for which I sent it.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Romans 11:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 19:7-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The law of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is perfect,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>reviving the soul;<br/> the testimony of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is sure,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>making wise the simple;<br/> the precepts of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> are right,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>rejoicing the heart;<br/> the commandment of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is pure,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>enlightening the eyes;<br/> the fear of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is clean,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>enduring forever;<br/> the rules of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> are true,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and righteous altogether.<br/> More to be desired are they than gold,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>even much fine gold;<br/> sweeter also than honey<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and drippings of the honeycomb.<br/> Moreover, by them is your servant warned;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in keeping them there is great reward.</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Timothy 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and how from childhood you have been acquainted with the sacred writings, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 2:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and my speech and my message were not in plausible words of wisdom, but in demonstration of the Spirit and of power, so that your faith might not rest in the wisdom of men but in the power of God.</p> </div> <h5>1 Thessalonians 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>because our gospel came to you not only in word, but also in power and in the Holy Spirit and with full conviction. You know what kind of men we proved to be among you for your sake.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 2:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But you have been anointed by the Holy One, and you all have knowledge.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 2:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the anointing that you received from him abides in you, and you have no need that anyone should teach you. But as his anointing teaches you about everything, and is true, and is no lie—just as it has taught you, abide in him.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 59:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">“And as for me, this is my covenant with them,” says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: “My Spirit that is upon you, and my words that I have put in your mouth, shall not depart out of your mouth, or out of the mouth of your offspring, or out of the mouth of your children’s offspring,” says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, “from this time forth and forevermore.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 08 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 1.4 — Of the holy Scripture, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/07</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 1: Of the Holy Scripture</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> The authority of the Holy Scripture, for which it ought to be believed, and obeyed, dependeth not upon the testimony of any man, or church; but wholly upon God (who is truth itself) the author thereof: and therefore it is to be received, because it is the Word of God.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Peter 1:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And we have the prophetic word more fully confirmed, to which you will do well to pay attention as to a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts, knowing this first of all, that no prophecy of Scripture comes from someone’s own interpretation.</p> </div> <h5>2 Timothy 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness,</p> </div> <h5>1 John 5:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If we receive the testimony of men, the testimony of God is greater, for this is the testimony of God that he has borne concerning his Son.</p> </div> <h5>1 Thessalonians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And we also thank God constantly for this, that when you received the word of God, which you heard from us, you accepted it not as the word of men but as what it really is, the word of God, which is at work in you believers.</p> </div> <h5>Revelation 1:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The revelation of Jesus Christ, which God gave him to show to his servants the things that must soon take place. He made it known by sending his angel to his servant John, who bore witness to the word of God and to the testimony of Jesus Christ, even to all that he saw.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 07 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 1.3 — Of the holy Scripture, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/06</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 1: Of the Holy Scripture</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> The books commonly called Apocrypha, not being of divine inspiration, are no part of the canon of the Scripture, and therefore are of no authority in the church of God, nor to be any otherwise approved, or made use of, than other human writings.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 22:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I warn everyone who hears the words of the prophecy of this book: if anyone adds to them, God will add to him the plagues described in this book, and if anyone takes away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God will take away his share in the tree of life and in the holy city, which are described in this book.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Much in every way. To begin with, the Jews were entrusted with the oracles of God.</p> </div> <h5>2 Peter 1:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For no prophecy was ever produced by the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 06 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 2 + WLC 3 — What rule hath God given to direct us how we may glorify and enjoy him?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/05</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 2.</span> What rule hath God given to direct us how we may glorify and enjoy him?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Word of God, which is contained in the Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> is the only rule to direct us how we may glorify and enjoy him.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 3.</span> What is the Word of God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testament are the Word of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> the only rule of faith and obedience.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 19:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019004.01-1">He answered, <span class="woc">“Have you not read that he who created them from the beginning made them male and female,</span> <span class="woc">and said, ‘Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh’?</span></p> </div><h5>Genesis 2:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p01002024.01-2">Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and they shall become one flesh.</p> </div><h5>Luke 24:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42024027.01-3">And beginning with Moses and all the Prophets, he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself.</p> </div><h5>Luke 24:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42024044.01-4">Then he said to them, <span class="woc">“These are my words that I spoke to you while I was still with you, that everything written about me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46002013.01-5">And we impart this in words not taught by human wisdom but taught by the Spirit, interpreting spiritual truths to those who are spiritual.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 14:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46014037.01-6">If anyone thinks that he is a prophet, or spiritual, he should acknowledge that the things I am writing to you are a command of the Lord.</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 1:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61001020.01-7">knowing this first of all, that no prophecy of Scripture comes from someone's own interpretation. For no prophecy was ever produced by the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61003002.01-8">that you should remember the predictions of the holy prophets and the commandment of the Lord and Savior through your apostles,</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 3:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61003015.01-9">And count the patience of our Lord as salvation, just as our beloved brother Paul also wrote to you according to the wisdom given him, as he does in all his letters when he speaks in them of these matters. There are some things in them that are hard to understand, which the ignorant and unstable twist to their own destruction, as they do the other Scriptures.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05004002.01-1">You shall not add to the word that I command you, nor take from it, that you may keep the commandments of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God that I command you.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 19:7-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19019007.01-2">The law of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is perfect,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>reviving the soul;<br/> the testimony of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is sure,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>making wise the simple;<br/>  the precepts of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> are right,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>rejoicing the heart;<br/> the commandment of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is pure,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>enlightening the eyes;<br/>  the fear of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is clean,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>enduring forever;<br/> the rules of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> are true,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and righteous altogether.<br/>  More to be desired are they than gold,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>even much fine gold;<br/> sweeter also than honey<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and drippings of the honeycomb.<br/>  Moreover, by them is your servant warned;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in keeping them there is great reward.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 8:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p23008020.01-3">To the teaching and to the testimony! If they will not speak according to this word, it is because they have no dawn.</p> </div><h5>John 15:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43015011.01-4"><span class="woc">These things I have spoken to you, that my joy may be in you, and that your joy may be full.</span></p> </div><h5>John 20:30-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p43020030.06-5">Now Jesus did many other signs in the presence of the disciples, which are not written in this book; but these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name.</p> </div><h5>Acts 17:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017011.01-6">Now these Jews were more noble than those in Thessalonica; they received the word with all eagerness, examining the Scriptures daily to see if these things were so.</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 3:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003015.01-7">and how from childhood you have been acquainted with the sacred writings, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus. All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be competent, equipped for every good work.</p> </div><h5>1 John 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62001004.01-8">And we are writing these things so that our joy may be complete.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003016.01-1">All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness,</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 1:19-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61001019.01-2">And we have the prophetic word more fully confirmed, to which you will do well to pay attention as to a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts, knowing this first of all, that no prophecy of Scripture comes from someone's own interpretation. For no prophecy was ever produced by the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61003002.01-3">that you should remember the predictions of the holy prophets and the commandment of the Lord and Savior through your apostles,</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 3:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61003015.01-4">And count the patience of our Lord as salvation, just as our beloved brother Paul also wrote to you according to the wisdom given him, as he does in all his letters when he speaks in them of these matters. There are some things in them that are hard to understand, which the ignorant and unstable twist to their own destruction, as they do the other Scriptures.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 19:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019004.01-5">He answered, <span class="woc">“Have you not read that he who created them from the beginning made them male and female,</span> <span class="woc">and said, ‘Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh’?</span></p> </div><h5>Genesis 2:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p01002024.01-6">Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and they shall become one flesh.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05004002.01-1">You shall not add to the word that I command you, nor take from it, that you may keep the commandments of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God that I command you.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002020.01-2">built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus himself being the cornerstone,</p> </div><h5>Revelation 22:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66022018.01-3">I warn everyone who hears the words of the prophecy of this book: if anyone adds to them, God will add to him the plagues described in this book, and if anyone takes away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God will take away his share in the tree of life and in the holy city, which are described in this book.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 8:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p23008020.01-4">To the teaching and to the testimony! If they will not speak according to this word, it is because they have no dawn.</p> </div><h5>Luke 16:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42016029.01-5"><span class="woc">But Abraham said, ‘They have Moses and the Prophets; let them hear them.’</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 16:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42016031.01-6"><span class="woc">He said to him, ‘If they do not hear Moses and the Prophets, neither will they be convinced if someone should rise from the dead.’”</span></p> </div><h5>Galatians 1:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48001008.01-7">But even if we or an angel from heaven should preach to you a gospel contrary to the one we preached to you, let him be accursed. As we have said before, so now I say again: If anyone is preaching to you a gospel contrary to the one you received, let him be accursed.</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 3:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003015.01-8">and how from childhood you have been acquainted with the sacred writings, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus. All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 05 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 1.2 — Of the holy Scripture, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/04</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 1: Of the Holy Scripture</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> Under the name of Holy Scripture, or the Word of God written, are now contained all the books of the Old and New Testaments, which are these: </p><p><b>Of the Old Testament:</b></p><center><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" class="wcf" width="90%"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">Genesis</td><td valign="top" width="33%">II Chronicles</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Daniel</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">Exodus</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Ezra</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Hosea</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">Leviticus</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Nehemiah</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Joel</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">Numbers</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Esther</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Amos</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">Deuteronomy</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Job</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Obadiah</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">Joshua</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Psalms</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Jonah</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">Judges</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Proverbs</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Micah</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">Ruth</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Ecclesiastes</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Nahum</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">I Samuel</td><td valign="top" width="33%">The Song of Songs</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Habakkuk</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">II Samuel</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Isaiah</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Zephaniah</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">I Kings</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Jeremiah</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Haggai</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">II Kings</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Lamentations</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Zechariah</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">I Chronicles</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Ezekiel</td><td valign="top" width="33%">Malachi</td></tr></tbody></table></center><p><b>Of the New Testament:</b></p><center><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" class="wcf" width="90%"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">The Gospels</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   Galatians</td><td valign="top" width="33%">The Epistle</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">   according to</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   Ephesians</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   of James</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">   Matthew</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   Philippians</td><td valign="top" width="33%">The first and</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">   Mark</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   Colossians</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   second Epistles</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">   Luke</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   Thessalonians I</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   of Peter</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">   John</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   Thessalonians II</td><td valign="top" width="33%">The first, second,</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">The Acts of the</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   to Timothy I</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   and third Epistles</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">   Apostles</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   to Timothy II</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   of John</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">Paul's Epistles</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   to Titus</td><td valign="top" width="33%">The Epistle</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">   to the Romans</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   to Philemon</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   of Jude</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">   Corinthians I</td><td valign="top" width="33%">The Epistle to</td><td valign="top" width="33%">The Revelation</td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="33%">   Corinthians II</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   the Hebrews</td><td valign="top" width="33%">   of John</td></tr></tbody></table></center> All which are given by inspiration of God to be the rule of faith and life.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 16:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But Abraham said, ‘They have Moses and the Prophets; let them hear them.’</span></p> </div> <h5>Luke 16:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">He said to him, ‘If they do not hear Moses and the Prophets, neither will they be convinced if someone should rise from the dead.’”</span></p> </div> <h5>Luke 24:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And beginning with Moses and all the Prophets, he interpreted to them in all the Scriptures the things concerning himself.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 24:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then he said to them, <span class="woc">“These are my words that I spoke to you while I was still with you, that everything written about me in the Law of Moses and the Prophets and the Psalms must be fulfilled.”</span></p> </div> <h5>2 Timothy 3:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and how from childhood you have been acquainted with the sacred writings, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus. All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness,</p> </div> <h5>John 5:46-47</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">For if you believed Moses, you would believe me; for he wrote of me.</span> <span class="woc">But if you do not believe his writings, how will you believe my words?”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 04 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 2 — How doth it appear that there is a God?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/03</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 2.</span> How doth it appear that there is a God?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The very light of nature in man, and the works of God, declare plainly that there is a God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> but his Word and Spirit only do sufficiently and effectually reveal him unto men for their salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001019.01-1">For what can be known about God is plain to them, because God has shown it to them. For his invisible attributes, namely, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ever since the creation of the world, in the things that have been made. So they are without excuse.</p> </div><h5>Acts 17:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017028.01-2">for</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44017028.02-2">“‘In him we live and move and have our being’;</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p44017028.12-2">as even some of your own poets have said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44017028.21-2">“‘For we are indeed his offspring.’</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 19:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19019001.15-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19019001-3">19:1 </span>The heavens declare the glory of God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the sky above proclaims his handiwork.<br/>  Day to day pours out speech,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and night to night reveals knowledge.<br/>  There is no speech, nor are there words,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>whose voice is not heard.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 2:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46002009.01-1">But, as it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p46002009.06-1">“What no eye has seen, nor ear heard,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor the heart of man imagined,<br/> what God has prepared for those who love him”—</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p46002010.01-1">these things God has revealed to us through the Spirit. For the Spirit searches everything, even the depths of God.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 1:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p46001020.01-2">Where is the one who is wise? Where is the scribe? Where is the debater of this age? Has not God made foolish the wisdom of the world? For since, in the wisdom of God, the world did not know God through wisdom, it pleased God through the folly of what we preach to save those who believe.</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 3:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003015.01-3">and how from childhood you have been acquainted with the sacred writings, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus. All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be competent, equipped for every good work.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 59:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p23059021.01-4">“And as for me, this is my covenant with them,” says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: “My Spirit that is upon you, and my words that I have put in your mouth, shall not depart out of your mouth, or out of the mouth of your offspring, or out of the mouth of your children's offspring,” says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, “from this time forth and forevermore.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 03 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 1.1 — Of the holy Scripture, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/02</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 1: Of the Holy Scripture</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> Although the light of nature, and the works of creation and providence do so far manifest the goodness, wisdom, and power of God, as to leave men unexcusable;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet are they not sufficient to give that knowledge of God, and of his will, which is necessary unto salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> Therefore it pleased the Lord, at sundry times, and in divers manners, to reveal himself, and to declare that his will unto his church;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and afterwards, for the better preserving and propagating of the truth, and for the more sure establishment and comfort of the church against the corruption of the flesh, and the malice of Satan and of the world, to commit the same wholly unto writing:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> which maketh the Holy Scripture to be most necessary;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> those former ways of God's revealing his will unto his people being now ceased.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 2:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For when Gentiles, who do not have the law, by nature do what the law requires, they are a law to themselves, even though they do not have the law. They show that the work of the law is written on their hearts, while their conscience also bears witness, and their conflicting thoughts accuse or even excuse them</p> </div> <h5>Romans 1:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For what can be known about God is plain to them, because God has shown it to them. For his invisible attributes, namely, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ever since the creation of the world, in the things that have been made. So they are without excuse.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 19:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The heavens declare the glory of God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the sky above proclaims his handiwork.<br/> Day to day pours out speech,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and night to night reveals knowledge.<br/> There is no speech, nor are there words,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>whose voice is not heard.<br/> Their voice goes out through all the earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their words to the end of the world.<br/> In them he has set a tent for the sun,</p> </div> </div> <h5>Romans 1:32-2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Though they know God’s righteous decree that those who practice such things deserve to die, they not only do them but give approval to those who practice them.</p> <p>Therefore you have no excuse, O man, every one of you who judges. For in passing judgment on another you condemn yourself, because you, the judge, practice the very same things.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 17:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And this is eternal life, that they know you, the only true God, and Jesus Christ whom you have sent.</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 1:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">For since, in the wisdom of God, the world did not know God through wisdom, it pleased God through the folly of what we preach to save those who believe.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 2:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">And we impart this in words not taught by human wisdom but taught by the Spirit, interpreting spiritual truths to those who are spiritual.</p> <p>The natural person does not accept the things of the Spirit of God, for they are folly to him, and he is not able to understand them because they are spiritually discerned.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 1:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Long ago, at many times and in many ways, God spoke to our fathers by the prophets, but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed the heir of all things, through whom also he created the world.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 1:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>it seemed good to me also, having followed all things closely for some time past, to write an orderly account for you, most excellent Theophilus, that you may have certainty concerning the things you have been taught.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 15:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For whatever was written in former days was written for our instruction, that through endurance and through the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But he answered, <span class="woc">“It is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">“‘Man shall not live by bread alone,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">but by every word that comes from the mouth of God.’”</span></p> </div> </div> <h5>Matthew 4:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Again it is written, ‘You shall not put the Lord your God to the test.’”</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 4:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">Then Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Be gone, Satan! For it is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">“‘You shall worship the Lord your God</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">and him only shall you serve.’”</span></p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 8:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>To the teaching and to the testimony! If they will not speak according to this word, it is because they have no dawn.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003015.01-1">and how from childhood you have been acquainted with the sacred writings, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus.</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 1:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61001019.01-2">And we have the prophetic word more fully confirmed, to which you will do well to pay attention as to a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 20:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but these are written so that you may believe that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, and that by believing you may have life in his name.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 14:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If anyone thinks that he is a prophet, or spiritual, he should acknowledge that the things I am writing to you are a command of the Lord.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 5:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I write these things to you who believe in the name of the Son of God, that you may know that you have eternal life.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 10:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now these things happened to them as an example, but they were written down for our instruction, on whom the end of the ages has come.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 1:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Long ago, at many times and in many ways, God spoke to our fathers by the prophets, but in these last days he has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed the heir of all things, through whom also he created the world.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 2:2-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For since the message declared by angels proved to be reliable, and every transgression or disobedience received a just retribution, how shall we escape if we neglect such a great salvation? It was declared at first by the Lord, and it was attested to us by those who heard, while God also bore witness by signs and wonders and various miracles and by gifts of the Holy Spirit distributed according to his will.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 02 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 1 + WLC 1 — What is the chief and highest end of man?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/01/01</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 1.</span> What is the chief end of man?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Man's chief end is to glorify God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and to enjoy him forever.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 1.</span> What is the chief and highest end of man?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Man's chief and highest end is to glorify God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> and fully to enjoy him forever.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 86:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19086009.01-1">All the nations you have made shall come<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and worship before you, O Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shall glorify your name.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 60:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23060021.01-2">Your people shall all be righteous;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they shall possess the land forever,<br/> the branch of my planting, the work of my hands,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I might be glorified.</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 11:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p45011036.01-3">For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 6:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46006020.01-4">for you were bought with a price. So glorify God in your body.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010031.01-5">So, whether you eat or drink, or whatever you do, do all to the glory of God.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66004011.01-6">“Worthy are you, our Lord and God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to receive glory and honor and power,<br/> for you created all things,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by your will they existed and were created.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 16:5-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19016005.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is my chosen portion and my cup;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you hold my lot.<br/>  The lines have fallen for me in pleasant places;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>indeed, I have a beautiful inheritance.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19016007.01-1">I bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> who gives me counsel;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the night also my heart instructs me.<br/>  I have set the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> always before me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because he is at my right hand, I shall not be shaken.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19016009.01-1">Therefore my heart is glad, and my whole being rejoices;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my flesh also dwells secure.<br/>  For you will not abandon my soul to Sheol,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or let your holy one see corruption.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19016011.01-1">You make known to me the path of life;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in your presence there is fullness of joy;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>at your right hand are pleasures forevermore.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 144:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19144015.01-2">Blessed are the people to whom such blessings fall!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Blessed are the people whose God is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 12:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23012002.01-3">“Behold, God is my salvation;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will trust, and will not be afraid;<br/> for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> <span class="small-caps">God</span> is my strength and my song,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he has become my salvation.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42002010.01-4">And the angel said to them, “Fear not, for behold, I bring you good news of great joy that will be for all the people.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50004004.01-5">Rejoice in the Lord always; again I will say, Rejoice.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 21:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66021003.01-6">And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying, “Behold, the dwelling place of God is with man. He will dwell with them, and they will be his people, and God himself will be with them as their God. He will wipe away every tear from their eyes, and death shall be no more, neither shall there be mourning, nor crying, nor pain anymore, for the former things have passed away.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 11:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p45011036.01-1">For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 6:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46006020.01-2">for you were bought with a price. So glorify God in your body.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010031.01-3">So, whether you eat or drink, or whatever you do, do all to the glory of God.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 86:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19086009.01-4">All the nations you have made shall come<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and worship before you, O Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shall glorify your name.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 86:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19086012.01-5">I give thanks to you, O Lord my God, with my whole heart,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will glorify your name forever.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 73:24-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19073024.01-1">You guide me with your counsel,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and afterward you will receive me to glory.<br/>  Whom have I in heaven but you?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>And there is nothing on earth that I desire besides you.<br/>  My flesh and my heart may fail,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but God is the strength of my heart and my portion forever.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19073027.01-1">For behold, those who are far from you shall perish;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you put an end to everyone who is unfaithful to you.<br/>  But for me it is good to be near God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I have made the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span> my refuge,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may tell of all your works.</p> </div> </div><h5>John 17:21-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017021.01-2"><span class="woc">that they may all be one, just as you, Father, are in me, and I in you, that they also may be in us, so that the world may believe that you have sent me.</span> <span class="woc">The glory that you have given me I have given to them, that they may be one even as we are one,</span> <span class="woc">I in them and you in me, that they may become perfectly one, so that the world may know that you sent me and loved them even as you loved me.</span></p> </div><h5>Psalm 16:5-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19016005.01-3">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is my chosen portion and my cup;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you hold my lot.<br/>  The lines have fallen for me in pleasant places;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>indeed, I have a beautiful inheritance.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19016007.01-3">I bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> who gives me counsel;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the night also my heart instructs me.<br/>  I have set the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> always before me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because he is at my right hand, I shall not be shaken.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19016009.01-3">Therefore my heart is glad, and my whole being rejoices;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my flesh also dwells secure.<br/>  For you will not abandon my soul to Sheol,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or let your holy one see corruption.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19016011.01-3">You make known to me the path of life;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in your presence there is fullness of joy;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>at your right hand are pleasures forevermore.</p> </div> </div><h5>Revelation 21:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66021003.01-4">And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying, “Behold, the dwelling place of God is with man. He will dwell with them, and they will be his people, and God himself will be with them as their God. He will wipe away every tear from their eyes, and death shall be no more, neither shall there be mourning, nor crying, nor pain anymore, for the former things have passed away.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 33.3 — Of the last judgment, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/31</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 33: Of the Last Judgment</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> As Christ would have us to be certainly persuaded that there shall be a day of judgment, both to deter all men from sin; and for the greater consolation of the godly in their adversity:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> so will he have that day unknown to men, that they may shake off all carnal security, and be always watchful, because they know not at what hour the Lord will come; and may be ever prepared to say, Come Lord Jesus, come quickly, Amen.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Peter 3:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Since all these things are thus to be dissolved, what sort of people ought you to be in lives of holiness and godliness,</p> </div> <h5>2 Peter 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, beloved, since you are waiting for these, be diligent to be found by him without spot or blemish, and at peace.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 5:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each one may receive what is due for what he has done in the body, whether good or evil.</p> <p>Therefore, knowing the fear of the Lord, we persuade others. But what we are is known to God, and I hope it is known also to your conscience.</p> </div> <h5>2 Thessalonians 1:5-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>This is evidence of the righteous judgment of God, that you may be considered worthy of the kingdom of God, for which you are also suffering—since indeed God considers it just to repay with affliction those who afflict you, and to grant relief to you who are afflicted as well as to us, when the Lord Jesus is revealed from heaven with his mighty angels</p> </div> <h5>Luke 21:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And then they will see the Son of Man coming in a cloud with power and great glory.</span> <span class="woc">Now when these things begin to take place, straighten up and raise your heads, because your redemption is drawing near.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:23-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And not only the creation, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for adoption as sons, the redemption of our bodies. For in this hope we were saved. Now hope that is seen is not hope. For who hopes for what he sees? But if we hope for what we do not see, we wait for it with patience.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 24:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40024036.08-1"><span class="woc">“But concerning that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but the Father only.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 24:42-44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40024042.01-2"><span class="woc">Therefore, stay awake, for you do not know on what day your Lord is coming.</span> <span class="woc">But know this, that if the master of the house had known in what part of the night the thief was coming, he would have stayed awake and would not have let his house be broken into.</span> <span class="woc">Therefore you also must be ready, for the Son of Man is coming at an hour you do not expect.</span></p> </div><h5>Mark 13:35-37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41013035.01-3"><span class="woc">Therefore stay awake—for you do not know when the master of the house will come, in the evening, or at midnight, or when the rooster crows, or in the morning—</span> <span class="woc">lest he come suddenly and find you asleep.</span> <span class="woc">And what I say to you I say to all: Stay awake.”</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 12:35-36</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42012035.05-4"><span class="woc">“Stay dressed for action and keep your lamps burning,</span> <span class="woc">and be like men who are waiting for their master to come home from the wedding feast, so that they may open the door to him at once when he comes and knocks.</span></p> </div><h5>Revelation 22:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66022020.01-5">He who testifies to these things says, <span class="woc">“Surely I am coming soon.”</span> Amen. Come, Lord Jesus!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 31 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 38 + WLC 90 — What benefits do believers receive from Christ at the resurrection?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/30</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 38.</span> What benefits do believers receive from Christ at the resurrection?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> At the resurrection, believers, being raised up in glory,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> shall be openly acknowledged and acquitted in the day of judgment,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> and made perfectly blessed in the full enjoying of God<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> to all eternity.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 90.</span> What shall be done to the righteous at the day of judgment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> At the day of judgment, the righteous, being caught up to Christ in the clouds,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">5</sup> shall be set on his right hand, and there openly acknowledged and acquitted,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">6</sup> shall join with him in the judging of reprobate angels and men,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">7</sup> and shall be received into heaven,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">8</sup> where they shall be fully and forever freed from all sin and misery;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">9</sup> filled with inconceivable joys,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">10</sup> made perfectly holy and happy both in body and soul, in the company of innumerable saints and holy angels,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">11</sup> but especially in the immediate vision and fruition of God the Father, of our Lord Jesus Christ, and of the Holy Spirit, to all eternity.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">12</sup> And this is the perfect and full communion, which the members of the invisible church shall enjoy with Christ in glory, at the resurrection and day of judgment.</p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 15:42-43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015042.01-1">So is it with the resurrection of the dead. What is sown is perishable; what is raised is imperishable. It is sown in dishonor; it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness; it is raised in power.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:33-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025033.01-1"><span class="woc">And he will place the sheep on his right, but the goats on the left.</span> <span class="woc">Then the King will say to those on his right, ‘Come, you who are blessed by my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 25:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025046.01-2"><span class="woc">And these will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008029.01-1">For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among many brothers.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003002.01-2">Beloved, we are God's children now, and what we will be has not yet appeared; but we know that when he appears we shall be like him, because we shall see him as he is.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 16:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19016011.01-1">You make known to me the path of life;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in your presence there is fullness of joy;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>at your right hand are pleasures forevermore.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004017.01-2">Then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will always be with the Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004017.01-1">Then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will always be with the Lord.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 15:42-43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015042.01-2">So is it with the resurrection of the dead. What is sown is perishable; what is raised is imperishable. It is sown in dishonor; it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness; it is raised in power.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025033.01-1"><span class="woc">And he will place the sheep on his right, but the goats on the left.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 10:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40010032.01-2"><span class="woc">So everyone who acknowledges me before men, I also will acknowledge before my Father who is in heaven,</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 6:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46006002.01-1">Or do you not know that the saints will judge the world? And if the world is to be judged by you, are you incompetent to try trivial cases? Do you not know that we are to judge angels? How much more, then, matters pertaining to this life!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025034.01-1"><span class="woc">Then the King will say to those on his right, ‘Come, you who are blessed by my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 25:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025046.01-2"><span class="woc">And these will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 5:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005027.01-1">so that he might present the church to himself in splendor, without spot or wrinkle or any such thing, that she might be holy and without blemish.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 14:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66014013.01-2">And I heard a voice from heaven saying, “Write this: Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord from now on.” “Blessed indeed,” says the Spirit, “that they may rest from their labors, for their deeds follow them!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 16:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19016011.01-1">You make known to me the path of life;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in your presence there is fullness of joy;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>at your right hand are pleasures forevermore.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 12:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012022.01-1">But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to innumerable angels in festal gathering, and to the assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003002.01-1">Beloved, we are God's children now, and what we will be has not yet appeared; but we know that when he appears we shall be like him, because we shall see him as he is.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008029.01-2">For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among many brothers.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 13:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46013012.01-3">For now we see in a mirror dimly, but then face to face. Now I know in part; then I shall know fully, even as I have been fully known.</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004017.01-4">Then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will always be with the Lord. Therefore encourage one another with these words.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 30 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 33.2 + WLC 89 — What shall be done to the wicked at the day of judgment?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/29</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 33: Of the Last Judgment</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> The end of God's appointing this day is for the manifestation of the glory of his mercy, in the eternal salvation of the elect; and of his justice, in the damnation of the reprobate, who are wicked and disobedient. For then shall the righteous go into everlasting life, and receive that fullness of joy and refreshing, which shall come from the presence of the Lord; but the wicked who know not God, and obey not the gospel of Jesus Christ, shall be cast into eternal torments, and be punished with everlasting destruction from the presence of the Lord, and from the glory of his power.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">5</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 89.</span> What shall be done to the wicked at the day of judgment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> At the day of judgment, the wicked shall be set on Christ's left hand,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and, upon clear evidence, and full conviction of their own consciences,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> shall have the fearful but just sentence of condemnation pronounced against them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and thereupon shall be cast out from the favorable presence of God, and the glorious fellowship with Christ, his saints, and all his holy angels, into hell, to be punished with unspeakable torments, both of body and soul, with the devil and his angels forever.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025033.01-1"><span class="woc">And he will place the sheep on his right, but the goats on the left.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 2:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002015.01-1">They show that the work of the law is written on their hearts, while their conscience also bears witness, and their conflicting thoughts accuse or even excuse them on that day when, according to my gospel, God judges the secrets of men by Christ Jesus.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:41-43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025041.01-1"><span class="woc">“Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels.</span> <span class="woc">For I was hungry and you gave me no food, I was thirsty and you gave me no drink,</span> <span class="woc">I was a stranger and you did not welcome me, naked and you did not clothe me, sick and in prison and you did not visit me.’</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 16:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42016026.01-1"><span class="woc">And besides all this, between us and you a great chasm has been fixed, in order that those who would pass from here to you may not be able, and none may cross from there to us.’</span></p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 1:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53001008.01-2">in flaming fire, inflicting vengeance on those who do not know God and on those who do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus. They will suffer the punishment of eternal destruction, away from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of his might,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:31-46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“When the Son of Man comes in his glory, and all the angels with him, then he will sit on his glorious throne.</span> <span class="woc">Before him will be gathered all the nations, and he will separate people one from another as a shepherd separates the sheep from the goats.</span> <span class="woc">And he will place the sheep on his right, but the goats on the left.</span> <span class="woc">Then the King will say to those on his right, ‘Come, you who are blessed by my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world.</span> <span class="woc">For I was hungry and you gave me food, I was thirsty and you gave me drink, I was a stranger and you welcomed me,</span> <span class="woc">I was naked and you clothed me, I was sick and you visited me, I was in prison and you came to me.’</span> <span class="woc">Then the righteous will answer him, saying, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry and feed you, or thirsty and give you drink?</span> <span class="woc">And when did we see you a stranger and welcome you, or naked and clothe you?</span> <span class="woc">And when did we see you sick or in prison and visit you?’</span> <span class="woc">And the King will answer them, ‘Truly, I say to you, as you did it to one of the least of these my brothers, you did it to me.’</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“Then he will say to those on his left, ‘Depart from me, you cursed, into the eternal fire prepared for the devil and his angels.</span> <span class="woc">For I was hungry and you gave me no food, I was thirsty and you gave me no drink,</span> <span class="woc">I was a stranger and you did not welcome me, naked and you did not clothe me, sick and in prison and you did not visit me.’</span> <span class="woc">Then they also will answer, saying, ‘Lord, when did we see you hungry or thirsty or a stranger or naked or sick or in prison, and did not minister to you?’</span> <span class="woc">Then he will answer them, saying, ‘Truly, I say to you, as you did not do it to one of the least of these, you did not do it to me.’</span> <span class="woc">And these will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 2:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But because of your hard and impenitent heart you are storing up wrath for yourself on the day of wrath when God’s righteous judgment will be revealed.</p> <p>He will render to each one according to his works:</p> </div> <h5>Romans 9:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>What if God, desiring to show his wrath and to make known his power, has endured with much patience vessels of wrath prepared for destruction, in order to make known the riches of his glory for vessels of mercy, which he has prepared beforehand for glory—</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 25:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">His master said to him, ‘Well done, good and faithful servant. You have been faithful over a little; I will set you over much. Enter into the joy of your master.’</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 3:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Repent therefore, and turn back, that your sins may be blotted out,</p> </div> <h5>2 Thessalonians 1:7-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and to grant relief to you who are afflicted as well as to us, when the Lord Jesus is revealed from heaven with his mighty angels in flaming fire, inflicting vengeance on those who do not know God and on those who do not obey the gospel of our Lord Jesus. They will suffer the punishment of eternal destruction, away from the presence of the Lord and from the glory of his might, when he comes on that day to be glorified in his saints, and to be marveled at among all who have believed, because our testimony to you was believed.</p> </div> <h5>Mark 9:48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">‘where their worm does not die and the fire is not quenched.’</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 33.1 + WLC 88 — What shall immediately follow after the resurrection?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/28</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 33: Of the Last Judgment</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> God hath appointed a day, wherein he will judge the world, in righteousness, by Jesus Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">3</sup> to whom all power and judgment is given of the Father.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">4</sup> In which day, not only the apostate angels shall be judged,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">5</sup> but likewise all persons that have lived upon earth shall appear before the tribunal of Christ, to give an account of their thoughts, words, and deeds; and to receive according to what they have done in the body, whether good or evil.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">6</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 88.</span> What shall immediately follow after the resurrection?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Immediately after the resurrection shall follow the general and final judgment of angels and men;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> the day and hour whereof no man knoweth, that all may watch and pray, and be ever ready for the coming of the Lord.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ecclesiastes 12:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21012014.01-1">For God will bring every deed into judgment, with every secret thing, whether good or evil.</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61002004.01-2">For if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but cast them into hell and committed them to chains of gloomy darkness to be kept until the judgment;</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 2:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61002006.01-3">if by turning the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah to ashes he condemned them to extinction, making them an example of what is going to happen to the ungodly; and if he rescued righteous Lot, greatly distressed by the sensual conduct of the wicked</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 2:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61002014.01-4">They have eyes full of adultery, insatiable for sin. They entice unsteady souls. They have hearts trained in greed. Accursed children! Forsaking the right way, they have gone astray. They have followed the way of Balaam, the son of Beor, who loved gain from wrongdoing,</p> </div><h5>Matthew 25:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025046.01-5"><span class="woc">And these will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”</span></p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 5:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005010.01-6">For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each one may receive what is due for what he has done in the body, whether good or evil.</p> </div><h5>Romans 14:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45014010.01-7">Why do you pass judgment on your brother? Or you, why do you despise your brother? For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God;</p> </div><h5>Romans 14:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p45014012.01-8">So then each of us will give an account of himself to God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 24:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40024036.08-1"><span class="woc">“But concerning that day and hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, nor the Son, but the Father only.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 24:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40024042.01-2"><span class="woc">Therefore, stay awake, for you do not know on what day your Lord is coming.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 24:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40024044.01-3"><span class="woc">Therefore you also must be ready, for the Son of Man is coming at an hour you do not expect.</span></p> </div><h5>Mark 13:35-37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41013035.01-4"><span class="woc">Therefore stay awake—for you do not know when the master of the house will come, in the evening, or at midnight, or when the rooster crows, or in the morning—</span> <span class="woc">lest he come suddenly and find you asleep.</span> <span class="woc">And what I say to you I say to all: Stay awake.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 17:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017031.01-1">because he has fixed a day on which he will judge the world in righteousness by a man whom he has appointed; and of this he has given assurance to all by raising him from the dead.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 5:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43005022.01-1"><span class="woc">The Father judges no one, but has given all judgment to the Son,</span></p> </div><h5>John 5:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43005027.01-2"><span class="woc">And he has given him authority to execute judgment, because he is the Son of Man.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jude 6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the angels who did not stay within their own position of authority, but left their proper dwelling, he has kept in eternal chains under gloomy darkness until the judgment of the great day—</p> </div> <h5>2 Peter 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but cast them into hell and committed them to chains of gloomy darkness to be kept until the judgment;</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 5:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005010.01-1">For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each one may receive what is due for what he has done in the body, whether good or evil.</p> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 12:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21012014.01-2">For God will bring every deed into judgment, with every secret thing, whether good or evil.</p> </div><h5>Romans 2:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002016.01-3">on that day when, according to my gospel, God judges the secrets of men by Christ Jesus.</p> </div><h5>Romans 14:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45014010.01-4">Why do you pass judgment on your brother? Or you, why do you despise your brother? For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God;</p> </div><h5>Romans 14:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p45014012.01-5">So then each of us will give an account of himself to God.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 12:36-37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40012036.01-6"><span class="woc">I tell you, on the day of judgment people will give account for every careless word they speak,</span> <span class="woc">for by your words you will be justified, and by your words you will be condemned.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 28 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 32.3 — Of the state of men after death, and of the resurrection of the dead, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/27</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 32: Of the State of Men after Death, and of the Resurrection of the Dead</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> The bodies of the unjust shall, by the power of Christ, be raised to dishonor: the bodies of the just, by his Spirit, unto honor; and be made conformable to his own glorious body.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 24:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>having a hope in God, which these men themselves accept, that there will be a resurrection of both the just and the unjust.</p> </div> <h5>John 5:25-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, an hour is coming, and is now here, when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live.</span> <span class="woc">For as the Father has life in himself, so he has granted the Son also to have life in himself.</span> <span class="woc">And he has given him authority to execute judgment, because he is the Son of Man.</span> <span class="woc">Do not marvel at this, for an hour is coming when all who are in the tombs will hear his voice</span> <span class="woc">and come out, those who have done good to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil to the resurrection of judgment.</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 15:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>It is sown in dishonor; it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness; it is raised in power.</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who will transform our lowly body to be like his glorious body, by the power that enables him even to subject all things to himself.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 27 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 32.2 + WLC 87 — What are we to believe concerning the resurrection?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/26</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 32: Of the State of Men after Death, and of the Resurrection of the Dead</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> At the last day, such as are found alive shall not die, but be changed:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">5</sup> and all the dead shall be raised up, with the selfsame bodies, and none other (although with different qualities), which shall be united again to their souls forever.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">6</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 87.</span> What are we to believe concerning the resurrection?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> We are to believe, that at the last day there shall be a general resurrection of the dead, both of the just and unjust:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> when they that are then found alive shall in a moment be changed; and the selfsame bodies of the dead which were laid in the grave, being then again united to their souls forever, shall be raised up by the power of Christ.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> The bodies of the just, by the Spirit of Christ, and by virtue of his resurrection as their head, shall be raised in power, spiritual, incorruptible, and made like to his glorious body;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and the bodies of the wicked shall be raised up in dishonor by him, as an offended judge.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Daniel 12:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27012002.01-1">And many of those who sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt.</p> </div><h5>Acts 24:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44024015.01-2">having a hope in God, which these men themselves accept, that there will be a resurrection of both the just and the unjust.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Job 19:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18019026.01-1">And after my skin has been thus destroyed,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>yet in my flesh I shall see God,</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 15:51-53</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015051.01-2">Behold! I tell you a mystery. We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, and the dead will be raised imperishable, and we shall be changed. For this perishable body must put on the imperishable, and this mortal body must put on immortality.</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004015.01-3">For this we declare to you by a word from the Lord, that we who are alive, who are left until the coming of the Lord, will not precede those who have fallen asleep. For the Lord himself will descend from heaven with a cry of command, with the voice of an archangel, and with the sound of the trumpet of God. And the dead in Christ will rise first. Then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will always be with the Lord.</p> </div><h5>John 5:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43005028.01-4"><span class="woc">Do not marvel at this, for an hour is coming when all who are in the tombs will hear his voice</span> <span class="woc">and come out, those who have done good to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil to the resurrection of judgment.</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 8:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008011.01-5">If the Spirit of him who raised Jesus from the dead dwells in you, he who raised Christ Jesus from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through his Spirit who dwells in you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 15:21-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015021.01-1">For as by a man came death, by a man has come also the resurrection of the dead. For as in Adam all die, so also in Christ shall all be made alive. But each in his own order: Christ the firstfruits, then at his coming those who belong to Christ.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 15:42-44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015042.01-2">So is it with the resurrection of the dead. What is sown is perishable; what is raised is imperishable. It is sown in dishonor; it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness; it is raised in power. It is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body. If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50003021.01-3">who will transform our lowly body to be like his glorious body, by the power that enables him even to subject all things to himself.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 5:27-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43005027.01-1"><span class="woc">And he has given him authority to execute judgment, because he is the Son of Man.</span> <span class="woc">Do not marvel at this, for an hour is coming when all who are in the tombs will hear his voice</span> <span class="woc">and come out, those who have done good to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil to the resurrection of judgment.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 25:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025033.01-2"><span class="woc">And he will place the sheep on his right, but the goats on the left.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will always be with the Lord.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 15:51-52</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Behold! I tell you a mystery. We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, and the dead will be raised imperishable, and we shall be changed.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 5:25-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, an hour is coming, and is now here, when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God, and those who hear will live.</span> <span class="woc">For as the Father has life in himself, so he has granted the Son also to have life in himself.</span> <span class="woc">And he has given him authority to execute judgment, because he is the Son of Man.</span> <span class="woc">Do not marvel at this, for an hour is coming when all who are in the tombs will hear his voice</span> <span class="woc">and come out, those who have done good to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil to the resurrection of judgment.</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 24:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>having a hope in God, which these men themselves accept, that there will be a resurrection of both the just and the unjust.</p> </div> <h5>Job 19:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">And after my skin has been thus destroyed,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>yet in my flesh I shall see God,<br/> whom I shall see for myself,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my eyes shall behold, and not another.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>My heart faints within me!</p> </div> </div> <h5>Daniel 12:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And many of those who sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 15:42-44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So is it with the resurrection of the dead. What is sown is perishable; what is raised is imperishable. It is sown in dishonor; it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness; it is raised in power. It is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body. If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 37 + WLC 85 — What benefits do believers receive from Christ at death?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/25</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 37.</span> What benefits do believers receive from Christ at death?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The souls of believers are at their death made perfect in holiness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and do immediately pass into glory;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> and their bodies, being still united to Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> do rest in their graves, till the resurrection.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 85.</span> Death being the wages of sin, why are not the righteous delivered from death, seeing all their sins are forgiven in Christ?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The righteous shall be delivered from death itself at the last day, and even in death are delivered from the sting and curse of it;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">5</sup> so that, although they die, yet it is out of God's love,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">6</sup> to free them perfectly from sin and misery,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">7</sup> and to make them capable of further communion with Christ in glory, which they then enter upon.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 12:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012023.01-1">and to the assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 23:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42023043.01-1">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise.”</span></p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 5:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005006.01-2">So we are always of good courage. We know that while we are at home in the body we are away from the Lord,</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 5:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005008.01-3">Yes, we are of good courage, and we would rather be away from the body and at home with the Lord.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 1:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50001023.01-4">I am hard pressed between the two. My desire is to depart and be with Christ, for that is far better.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004014.01-1">For since we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so, through Jesus, God will bring with him those who have fallen asleep.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Daniel 12:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27012002.01-1">And many of those who sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt.</p> </div><h5>John 5:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43005028.01-2"><span class="woc">Do not marvel at this, for an hour is coming when all who are in the tombs will hear his voice</span> <span class="woc">and come out, those who have done good to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil to the resurrection of judgment.</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 24:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44024015.01-3">having a hope in God, which these men themselves accept, that there will be a resurrection of both the just and the unjust.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 15:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015026.01-1">The last enemy to be destroyed is death.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 15:55-57</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p46015055.01-2">“O death, where is your victory?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O death, where is your sting?”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p46015056.01-2">The sting of death is sin, and the power of sin is the law. But thanks be to God, who gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 2:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002015.01-3">and deliver all those who through fear of death were subject to lifelong slavery.</p> </div><h5>John 11:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43011025.01-4">Jesus said to her, <span class="woc">“I am the resurrection and the life. Whoever believes in me, though he die, yet shall he live,</span> <span class="woc">and everyone who lives and believes in me shall never die. Do you believe this?”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 57:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23057001.04-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v23057001-1">57:1 </span>The righteous man perishes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and no one lays it to heart;<br/> devout men are taken away,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>while no one understands.<br/> For the righteous man is taken away from calamity;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he enters into peace;<br/> they rest in their beds<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who walk in their uprightness.</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Kings 22:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p12022020.01-2">Therefore, behold, I will gather you to your fathers, and you shall be gathered to your grave in peace, and your eyes shall not see all the disaster that I will bring upon this place.’” And they brought back word to the king.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 14:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66014013.01-1">And I heard a voice from heaven saying, “Write this: Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord from now on.” “Blessed indeed,” says the Spirit, “that they may rest from their labors, for their deeds follow them!”</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005027.01-2">so that he might present the church to himself in splendor, without spot or wrinkle or any such thing, that she might be holy and without blemish.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 23:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42023043.01-1">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise.”</span></p> </div><h5>Philippians 1:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50001023.01-2">I am hard pressed between the two. My desire is to depart and be with Christ, for that is far better.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 25 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 32.1 — Of the state of men after death, and of the resurrection of the dead, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/24</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 32: Of the State of Men after Death, and of the Resurrection of the Dead</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> The bodies of men, after death, return to dust, and see corruption:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> but their souls, which neither die nor sleep, having an immortal subsistence, immediately return to God who gave them:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> the souls of the righteous, being then made perfect in holiness, are received into the highest heavens, where they behold the face of God, in light and glory, waiting for the full redemption of their bodies.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> And the souls of the wicked are cast into hell, where they remain in torments and utter darkness, reserved to the judgment of the great day.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> Besides these two places, for souls separated from their bodies, the Scripture acknowledgeth none.</p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 3:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003019.01-1">By the sweat of your face<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you shall eat bread,<br/> till you return to the ground,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for out of it you were taken;<br/> for you are dust,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to dust you shall return.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 13:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p44013036.01-2">For David, after he had served the purpose of God in his own generation, fell asleep and was laid with his fathers and saw corruption,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 23:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42023043.01-1">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise.”</span></p> </div><h5>Ecclesiastes 12:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p21012007.01-2">and the dust returns to the earth as it was, and the spirit returns to God who gave it.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 12:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and to the assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect,</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we know that if the tent that is our earthly home is destroyed, we have a building from God, a house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 5:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So we are always of good courage. We know that while we are at home in the body we are away from the Lord,</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 5:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Yes, we are of good courage, and we would rather be away from the body and at home with the Lord.</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 1:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I am hard pressed between the two. My desire is to depart and be with Christ, for that is far better.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>whom heaven must receive until the time for restoring all the things about which God spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets long ago.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 4:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">He who descended is the one who also ascended far above all the heavens, that he might fill all things.)</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And not only the creation, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for adoption as sons, the redemption of our bodies.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 16:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">and in Hades, being in torment, he lifted up his eyes and saw Abraham far off and Lazarus at his side.</span> <span class="woc">And he called out, ‘Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus to dip the end of his finger in water and cool my tongue, for I am in anguish in this flame.’</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 1:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">to take the place in this ministry and apostleship from which Judas turned aside to go to his own place.”</p> </div> <h5>Jude 6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the angels who did not stay within their own position of authority, but left their proper dwelling, he has kept in eternal chains under gloomy darkness until the judgment of the great day—just as Sodom and Gomorrah and the surrounding cities, which likewise indulged in sexual immorality and pursued unnatural desire, serve as an example by undergoing a punishment of eternal fire.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 3:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>in which he went and proclaimed to the spirits in prison,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 24 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 84 — Shall all men die?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/23</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 84.</span> Shall all men die?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Death being threatened as the wages of sin,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> it is appointed unto all men once to die;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> for that all have sinned.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006023.01-1">For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 9:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009027.01-1">And just as it is appointed for man to die once, and after that comes judgment,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005012.07-1">Therefore, just as sin came into the world through one man, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men because all sinned—  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 23 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 31.4 — Of synods and councils, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/22</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 31: Of Synods and Councils</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> Synods and councils are to handle, or conclude nothing, but that which is ecclesiastical: and are not to intermeddle with civil affairs which concern the commonwealth, unless by way of humble petition in cases extraordinary; or, by way of advice, for satisfaction of conscience, if they be thereunto required by the civil magistrate.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 12:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Someone in the crowd said to him, “Teacher, tell my brother to divide the inheritance with me.” But he said to him, <span class="woc">“Man, who made me a judge or arbitrator over you?”</span></p> </div> <h5>John 18:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“My kingdom is not of this world. If my kingdom were of this world, my servants would have been fighting, that I might not be delivered over to the Jews. But my kingdom is not from the world.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 22:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>They said, “Caesar’s.” Then he said to them, <span class="woc">“Therefore render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 31.3 — Of synods and councils, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/21</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 31: Of Synods and Councils</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> All synods or councils, since the Apostles' times, whether general or particular, may err; and many have erred. Therefore they are not to be made the rule of faith, or practice; but to be used as a help in both.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, Christ Jesus himself being the cornerstone,</p> </div> <h5>Acts 17:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now these Jews were more noble than those in Thessalonica; they received the word with all eagerness, examining the Scriptures daily to see if these things were so.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>so that your faith might not rest in the wisdom of men but in the power of God.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 1:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Not that we lord it over your faith, but we work with you for your joy, for you stand firm in your faith.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 8:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when they say to you, “Inquire of the mediums and the necromancers who chirp and mutter,” should not a people inquire of their God? Should they inquire of the dead on behalf of the living? To the teaching and to the testimony! If they will not speak according to this word, it is because they have no dawn.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 15:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">in vain do they worship me,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.’”</span></p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 31.2 — Of synods and councils, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/20</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 31: Of Synods and Councils</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> It belongeth to synods and councils, ministerially to determine controversies of faith, and cases of conscience; to set down rules and directions for the better ordering of the public worship of God, and government of his church; to receive complaints in cases of maladministration, and authoritatively to determine the same: which decrees and determinations, if consonant to the Word of God, are to be received with reverence and submission; not only for their agreement with the Word, but also for the power whereby they are made, as being an ordinance of God appointed thereunto in his Word.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 15:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44015015.01-1">And with this the words of the prophets agree, just as it is written,</p> </div><h5>Acts 15:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p44015019.01-2">Therefore my judgment is that we should not trouble those of the Gentiles who turn to God,</p> </div><h5>Acts 15:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44015024.01-3">Since we have heard that some persons have gone out from us and troubled you with words, unsettling your minds, although we gave them no instructions,</p> </div><h5>Acts 15:27-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44015027.01-4">We have therefore sent Judas and Silas, who themselves will tell you the same things by word of mouth. For it has seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us to lay on you no greater burden than these requirements: that you abstain from what has been sacrificed to idols, and from blood, and from what has been strangled, and from sexual immorality. If you keep yourselves from these, you will do well. Farewell.”</p> <p id="p44015030.01-4">So when they were sent off, they went down to Antioch, and having gathered the congregation together, they delivered the letter. And when they had read it, they rejoiced because of its encouragement.</p> </div><h5>Acts 16:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44016004.01-5">As they went on their way through the cities, they delivered to them for observance the decisions that had been reached by the apostles and elders who were in Jerusalem.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 18:17-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40018017.01-6"><span class="woc">If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church. And if he refuses to listen even to the church, let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector.</span> <span class="woc">Truly, I say to you, whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.</span> <span class="woc">Again I say to you, if two of you agree on earth about anything they ask, it will be done for them by my Father in heaven.</span> <span class="woc">For where two or three are gathered in my name, there am I among them.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 20 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 31.1 — Of synods and councils, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/19</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 31: Of Synods and Councils</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> For the better government, and further edification of the church, there ought to be such assemblies as are commonly called synods or councils:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and it belongeth to the overseers and other rulers of the particular churches, by virtue of their office, and the power which Christ hath given them for edification and not for destruction, to appoint such assemblies;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and to convene together in them, as often as they shall judge it expedient for the good of the church.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 15:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44015002.01-1">And after Paul and Barnabas had no small dissension and debate with them, Paul and Barnabas and some of the others were appointed to go up to Jerusalem to the apostles and the elders about this question.</p> </div><h5>Acts 15:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44015004.01-2">When they came to Jerusalem, they were welcomed by the church and the apostles and the elders, and they declared all that God had done with them.</p> </div><h5>Acts 15:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44015006.01-3">The apostles and the elders were gathered together to consider this matter.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 15:1-35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But some men came down from Judea and were teaching the brothers, “Unless you are circumcised according to the custom of Moses, you cannot be saved.” And after Paul and Barnabas had no small dissension and debate with them, Paul and Barnabas and some of the others were appointed to go up to Jerusalem to the apostles and the elders about this question. So, being sent on their way by the church, they passed through both Phoenicia and Samaria, describing in detail the conversion of the Gentiles, and brought great joy to all the brothers. When they came to Jerusalem, they were welcomed by the church and the apostles and the elders, and they declared all that God had done with them. But some believers who belonged to the party of the Pharisees rose up and said, “It is necessary to circumcise them and to order them to keep the law of Moses.”</p> <p>The apostles and the elders were gathered together to consider this matter. And after there had been much debate, Peter stood up and said to them, “Brothers, you know that in the early days God made a choice among you, that by my mouth the Gentiles should hear the word of the gospel and believe. And God, who knows the heart, bore witness to them, by giving them the Holy Spirit just as he did to us, and he made no distinction between us and them, having cleansed their hearts by faith. Now, therefore, why are you putting God to the test by placing a yoke on the neck of the disciples that neither our fathers nor we have been able to bear? But we believe that we will be saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus, just as they will.”</p> <p>And all the assembly fell silent, and they listened to Barnabas and Paul as they related what signs and wonders God had done through them among the Gentiles. After they finished speaking, James replied, “Brothers, listen to me. Simeon has related how God first visited the Gentiles, to take from them a people for his name. And with this the words of the prophets agree, just as it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“‘After this I will return,<br/> and I will rebuild the tent of David that has fallen;<br/> I will rebuild its ruins,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will restore it,<br/> that the remnant of mankind may seek the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all the Gentiles who are called by my name,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>says the Lord, who makes these things known from of old.’</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">Therefore my judgment is that we should not trouble those of the Gentiles who turn to God, but should write to them to abstain from the things polluted by idols, and from sexual immorality, and from what has been strangled, and from blood. For from ancient generations Moses has had in every city those who proclaim him, for he is read every Sabbath in the synagogues.”</p> <p>Then it seemed good to the apostles and the elders, with the whole church, to choose men from among them and send them to Antioch with Paul and Barnabas. They sent Judas called Barsabbas, and Silas, leading men among the brothers, with the following letter: “The brothers, both the apostles and the elders, to the brothers who are of the Gentiles in Antioch and Syria and Cilicia, greetings. Since we have heard that some persons have gone out from us and troubled you with words, unsettling your minds, although we gave them no instructions, it has seemed good to us, having come to one accord, to choose men and send them to you with our beloved Barnabas and Paul, men who have risked their lives for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ. We have therefore sent Judas and Silas, who themselves will tell you the same things by word of mouth. For it has seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us to lay on you no greater burden than these requirements: that you abstain from what has been sacrificed to idols, and from blood, and from what has been strangled, and from sexual immorality. If you keep yourselves from these, you will do well. Farewell.”</p> <p>So when they were sent off, they went down to Antioch, and having gathered the congregation together, they delivered the letter. And when they had read it, they rejoiced because of its encouragement. And Judas and Silas, who were themselves prophets, encouraged and strengthened the brothers with many words. And after they had spent some time, they were sent off in peace by the brothers to those who had sent them. But Paul and Barnabas remained in Antioch, teaching and preaching the word of the Lord, with many others also.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 15:1-35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But some men came down from Judea and were teaching the brothers, “Unless you are circumcised according to the custom of Moses, you cannot be saved.” And after Paul and Barnabas had no small dissension and debate with them, Paul and Barnabas and some of the others were appointed to go up to Jerusalem to the apostles and the elders about this question. So, being sent on their way by the church, they passed through both Phoenicia and Samaria, describing in detail the conversion of the Gentiles, and brought great joy to all the brothers. When they came to Jerusalem, they were welcomed by the church and the apostles and the elders, and they declared all that God had done with them. But some believers who belonged to the party of the Pharisees rose up and said, “It is necessary to circumcise them and to order them to keep the law of Moses.”</p> <p>The apostles and the elders were gathered together to consider this matter. And after there had been much debate, Peter stood up and said to them, “Brothers, you know that in the early days God made a choice among you, that by my mouth the Gentiles should hear the word of the gospel and believe. And God, who knows the heart, bore witness to them, by giving them the Holy Spirit just as he did to us, and he made no distinction between us and them, having cleansed their hearts by faith. Now, therefore, why are you putting God to the test by placing a yoke on the neck of the disciples that neither our fathers nor we have been able to bear? But we believe that we will be saved through the grace of the Lord Jesus, just as they will.”</p> <p>And all the assembly fell silent, and they listened to Barnabas and Paul as they related what signs and wonders God had done through them among the Gentiles. After they finished speaking, James replied, “Brothers, listen to me. Simeon has related how God first visited the Gentiles, to take from them a people for his name. And with this the words of the prophets agree, just as it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“‘After this I will return,<br/> and I will rebuild the tent of David that has fallen;<br/> I will rebuild its ruins,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will restore it,<br/> that the remnant of mankind may seek the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all the Gentiles who are called by my name,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>says the Lord, who makes these things known from of old.’</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">Therefore my judgment is that we should not trouble those of the Gentiles who turn to God, but should write to them to abstain from the things polluted by idols, and from sexual immorality, and from what has been strangled, and from blood. For from ancient generations Moses has had in every city those who proclaim him, for he is read every Sabbath in the synagogues.”</p> <p>Then it seemed good to the apostles and the elders, with the whole church, to choose men from among them and send them to Antioch with Paul and Barnabas. They sent Judas called Barsabbas, and Silas, leading men among the brothers, with the following letter: “The brothers, both the apostles and the elders, to the brothers who are of the Gentiles in Antioch and Syria and Cilicia, greetings. Since we have heard that some persons have gone out from us and troubled you with words, unsettling your minds, although we gave them no instructions, it has seemed good to us, having come to one accord, to choose men and send them to you with our beloved Barnabas and Paul, men who have risked their lives for the name of our Lord Jesus Christ. We have therefore sent Judas and Silas, who themselves will tell you the same things by word of mouth. For it has seemed good to the Holy Spirit and to us to lay on you no greater burden than these requirements: that you abstain from what has been sacrificed to idols, and from blood, and from what has been strangled, and from sexual immorality. If you keep yourselves from these, you will do well. Farewell.”</p> <p>So when they were sent off, they went down to Antioch, and having gathered the congregation together, they delivered the letter. And when they had read it, they rejoiced because of its encouragement. And Judas and Silas, who were themselves prophets, encouraged and strengthened the brothers with many words. And after they had spent some time, they were sent off in peace by the brothers to those who had sent them. But Paul and Barnabas remained in Antioch, teaching and preaching the word of the Lord, with many others also.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 20:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now from Miletus he sent to Ephesus and called the elders of the church to come to him.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 19 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 30.4 — Of church censures, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/18</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 30: Of Church Censures</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> For the better attaining of these ends, the officers of the church are to proceed by admonition; suspension from the sacrament of the Lord's Supper for a season; and by excommunication from the church; according to the nature of the crime, and demerit of the person.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p52005012.05-1">We ask you, brothers, to respect those who labor among you and are over you in the Lord and admonish you,</p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p53003006.04-2">Now we command you, brothers, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you keep away from any brother who is walking in idleness and not in accord with the tradition that you received from us.</p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 3:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53003014.01-3">If anyone does not obey what we say in this letter, take note of that person, and have nothing to do with him, that he may be ashamed. Do not regard him as an enemy, but warn him as a brother.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 5:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46005004.01-4">When you are assembled in the name of the Lord Jesus and my spirit is present, with the power of our Lord Jesus, you are to deliver this man to Satan for the destruction of the flesh, so that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 5:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46005013.01-5">God judges those outside. “Purge the evil person from among you.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 18:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40018017.01-6"><span class="woc">If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church. And if he refuses to listen even to the church, let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector.</span></p> </div><h5>Titus 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003010.01-7">As for a person who stirs up division, after warning him once and then twice, have nothing more to do with him,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 18 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 30.3 — Of church censures, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/17</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 30: Of Church Censures</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> Church censures are necessary, for the reclaiming and gaining of offending brethren, for deterring of others from the like offenses, for purging out of that leaven which might infect the whole lump, for vindicating the honor of Christ, and the holy profession of the gospel, and for preventing the wrath of God, which might justly fall upon the church, if they should suffer his covenant, and the seals thereof, to be profaned by notorious and obstinate offenders.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 5:1-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>It is actually reported that there is sexual immorality among you, and of a kind that is not tolerated even among pagans, for a man has his father’s wife. And you are arrogant! Ought you not rather to mourn? Let him who has done this be removed from among you.</p> <p>For though absent in body, I am present in spirit; and as if present, I have already pronounced judgment on the one who did such a thing. When you are assembled in the name of the Lord Jesus and my spirit is present, with the power of our Lord Jesus, you are to deliver this man to Satan for the destruction of the flesh, so that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord.</p> <p>Your boasting is not good. Do you not know that a little leaven leavens the whole lump? Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed. Let us therefore celebrate the festival, not with the old leaven, the leaven of malice and evil, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.</p> <p>I wrote to you in my letter not to associate with sexually immoral people—not at all meaning the sexually immoral of this world, or the greedy and swindlers, or idolaters, since then you would need to go out of the world. But now I am writing to you not to associate with anyone who bears the name of brother if he is guilty of sexual immorality or greed, or is an idolater, reviler, drunkard, or swindler—not even to eat with such a one. For what have I to do with judging outsiders? Is it not those inside the church whom you are to judge? God judges those outside. “Purge the evil person from among you.”</p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 5:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>As for those who persist in sin, rebuke them in the presence of all, so that the rest may stand in fear.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 7:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Do not give dogs what is holy, and do not throw your pearls before pigs, lest they trample them underfoot and turn to attack you.</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 1:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>among whom are Hymenaeus and Alexander, whom I have handed over to Satan that they may learn not to blaspheme.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 11:27-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty concerning the body and blood of the Lord. Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself. That is why many of you are weak and ill, and some have died. But if we judged ourselves truly, we would not be judged. But when we are judged by the Lord, we are disciplined so that we may not be condemned along with the world.</p> <p>So then, my brothers, when you come together to eat, wait for one another—if anyone is hungry, let him eat at home—so that when you come together it will not be for judgment. About the other things I will give directions when I come.</p> </div> <h5>Jude 23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>save others by snatching them out of the fire; to others show mercy with fear, hating even the garment stained by the flesh.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 30.2 — Of church censures, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/16</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 30: Of Church Censures</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> To these officers the keys of the kingdom of heaven are committed; by virtue whereof, they have power, respectively, to retain, and remit sins; to shut that kingdom against the impenitent, both by the Word, and censures; and to open it unto penitent sinners, by the ministry of the gospel; and by absolution from censures, as occasion shall require.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 16:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40016019.01-1"><span class="woc">I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.”</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 18:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40018017.01-2"><span class="woc">If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church. And if he refuses to listen even to the church, let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector.</span> <span class="woc">Truly, I say to you, whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.</span></p> </div><h5>John 20:21-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43020021.01-3">Jesus said to them again, <span class="woc">“Peace be with you. As the Father has sent me, even so I am sending you.”</span> And when he had said this, he breathed on them and said to them, <span class="woc">“Receive the Holy Spirit.</span> <span class="woc">If you forgive the sins of any, they are forgiven them; if you withhold forgiveness from any, it is withheld.”</span></p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 2:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47002006.01-4">For such a one, this punishment by the majority is enough, so you should rather turn to forgive and comfort him, or he may be overwhelmed by excessive sorrow. So I beg you to reaffirm your love for him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 30.1 — Of church censures, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/15</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 30: Of Church Censures</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> The Lord Jesus, as King and Head of his church, hath therein appointed a government, in the hand of church officers, distinct from the civil magistrate.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 9:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">For to us a child is born,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to us a son is given;<br/> and the government shall be upon his shoulder,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his name shall be called<br/> Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace.<br/> Of the increase of his government and of peace<br/> <span class="indent"></span>there will be no end,<br/> on the throne of David and over his kingdom,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to establish it and to uphold it<br/> with justice and with righteousness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from this time forth and forevermore.<br/> The zeal of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts will do this.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Colossians 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he is the head of the body, the church. He is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in everything he might be preeminent.</p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let the elders who rule well be considered worthy of double honor, especially those who labor in preaching and teaching.</p> </div> <h5>1 Thessalonians 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>We ask you, brothers, to respect those who labor among you and are over you in the Lord and admonish you,</p> </div> <h5>Acts 20:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now from Miletus he sent to Ephesus and called the elders of the church to come to him.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 20:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Pay careful attention to yourselves and to all the flock, in which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers, to care for the church of God, which he obtained with his own blood.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 13:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Remember your leaders, those who spoke to you the word of God. Consider the outcome of their way of life, and imitate their faith.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 13:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Obey your leaders and submit to them, for they are keeping watch over your souls, as those who will have to give an account. Let them do this with joy and not with groaning, for that would be of no advantage to you.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 13:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Greet all your leaders and all the saints. Those who come from Italy send you greetings.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 4:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ,</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 12:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And God has appointed in the church first apostles, second prophets, third teachers, then miracles, then gifts of healing, helping, administrating, and various kinds of tongues.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 28:18-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Jesus came and said to them, <span class="woc">“All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me.</span> <span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div> <h5>John 18:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“My kingdom is not of this world. If my kingdom were of this world, my servants would have been fighting, that I might not be delivered over to the Jews. But my kingdom is not from the world.”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 177 — Wherein do the sacraments of baptism and the Lord's Supper differ?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/14</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 177.</span> Wherein do the sacraments of baptism and the Lord's Supper differ?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sacraments of baptism and the Lord's Supper differ, in that baptism is to be administered but once, with water, to be a sign and seal of our regeneration and ingrafting into Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and that even to infants;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> whereas the Lord's Supper is to be administered often, in the elements of bread and wine, to represent and exhibit Christ as spiritual nourishment to the soul,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and to confirm our continuance and growth in him,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> and that only to such as are of years and ability to examine themselves.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 3:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40003011.01-1">“I baptize you with water for repentance, but he who is coming after me is mightier than I, whose sandals I am not worthy to carry. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire.</p> </div><h5>Titus 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003005.01-2">he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003027.01-3">For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 17:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01017007.01-1">And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 17:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01017009.01-2">And God said to Abraham, “As for you, you shall keep my covenant, you and your offspring after you throughout their generations.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:38-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002038.01-3">And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.”</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 7:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007014.01-4">For the unbelieving husband is made holy because of his wife, and the unbelieving wife is made holy because of her husband. Otherwise your children would be unclean, but as it is, they are holy.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:23-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011023.01-1">For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010016.01-1">The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011028.01-1">Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 14 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 176 — Wherein do the sacraments of baptism and the Lord's Supper agree?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/13</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 176.</span> Wherein do the sacraments of baptism and the Lord's Supper agree?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sacraments of baptism and the Lord's Supper agree, in that the author of both is God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> the spiritual part of both is Christ and his benefits;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> both are seals of the same covenant,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> are to be dispensed by ministers of the gospel, and by none other;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> and to be continued in the church of Christ until his second coming.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-1"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011023.01-2">For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006003.01-1">Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010016.01-2">The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004011.01-1">He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well,</p> </div><h5>Colossians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002012.01-2">having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the powerful working of God, who raised him from the dead.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 26:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026027.01-3">And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“Drink of it, all of you,</span> <span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001033.01-1">I myself did not know him, but he who sent me to baptize with water said to me, ‘He on whom you see the Spirit descend and remain, this is he who baptizes with the Holy Spirit.’</p> </div><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-2"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011023.01-3">For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread,</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 4:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46004001.05-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v46004001-4">4:1 </span>This is how one should regard us, as servants of Christ and stewards of the mysteries of God.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 5:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58005004.01-5">And no one takes this honor for himself, but only when called by God, just as Aaron was.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-1"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011026.01-2">For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 13 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 175 — What is the duty of Christians, after they have received the Lord's Supper?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/12</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 175.</span> What is the duty of Christians, after they have received the sacrament of the Lord's Supper?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The duty of Christians, after they have received the sacrament of the Lord's Supper, is seriously to consider how they have behaved themselves therein, and with what success;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> if they find quickening and comfort, to bless God for it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> beg the continuance of it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> watch against relapses,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> fulfill their vows,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> and encourage themselves to a frequent attendance on that ordinance:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> but if they find no present benefit, more exactly to review their preparation to, and carriage at, the sacrament;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> in both which, if they can approve themselves to God and their own consciences, they are to wait for the fruit of it in due time:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> but, if they see they have failed in either, they are to be humbled,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup> and to attend upon it afterwards with more care and diligence.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">10</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 28:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19028007.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is my strength and my shield;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in him my heart trusts, and I am helped;<br/> my heart exults,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and with my song I give thanks to him.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 85:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19085008.01-2">Let me hear what God the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will speak,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for he will speak peace to his people, to his saints;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but let them not turn back to folly.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46011017.04-3">But in the following instructions I do not commend you, because when you come together it is not for the better but for the worse.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:30-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011030.01-4">That is why many of you are weak and ill, and some have died. But if we judged ourselves truly, we would not be judged.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Chronicles 30:21-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14030021.01-1">And the people of Israel who were present at Jerusalem kept the Feast of Unleavened Bread seven days with great gladness, and the Levites and the priests praised the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> day by day, singing with all their might to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. And Hezekiah spoke encouragingly to all the Levites who showed good skill in the service of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. So they ate the food of the festival for seven days, sacrificing peace offerings and giving thanks to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of their fathers.</p> <p id="p14030023.01-1">Then the whole assembly agreed together to keep the feast for another seven days. So they kept it for another seven days with gladness.</p> </div><h5>2 Chronicles 30:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14030025.01-2">The whole assembly of Judah, and the priests and the Levites, and the whole assembly that came out of Israel, and the sojourners who came out of the land of Israel, and the sojourners who lived in Judah, rejoiced. So there was great joy in Jerusalem, for since the time of Solomon the son of David king of Israel there had been nothing like this in Jerusalem.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44002042.06-3">And they devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:46-47</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002046.01-4">And day by day, attending the temple together and breaking bread in their homes, they received their food with glad and generous hearts, praising God and having favor with all the people. And the Lord added to their number day by day those who were being saved.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 36:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19036010.01-1">Oh, continue your steadfast love to those who know you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your righteousness to the upright of heart!</p> </div> </div><h5>Song of Solomon 3:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p22003004.01-2">Scarcely had I passed them<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I found him whom my soul loves.<br/> I held him, and would not let him go<br/> <span class="indent"></span>until I had brought him into my mother's house,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and into the chamber of her who conceived me.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Chronicles 29:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p13029018.01-3">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, our fathers, keep forever such purposes and thoughts in the hearts of your people, and direct their hearts toward you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010003.01-1">and all ate the same spiritual food, and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ. Nevertheless, with most of them God was not pleased, for they were overthrown in the wilderness.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010012.01-2">Therefore let anyone who thinks that he stands take heed lest he fall.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 50:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19050014.01-1">Offer to God a sacrifice of thanksgiving,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and perform your vows to the Most High,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011025.01-1">In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44002042.06-2">And they devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002046.01-3">And day by day, attending the temple together and breaking bread in their homes, they received their food with glad and generous hearts,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ecclesiastes 5:1-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p21005001.03-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v21005001-1">5:1 </span> Guard your steps when you go to the house of God. To draw near to listen is better than to offer the sacrifice of fools, for they do not know that they are doing evil.  Be not rash with your mouth, nor let your heart be hasty to utter a word before God, for God is in heaven and you are on earth. Therefore let your words be few. For a dream comes with much business, and a fool's voice with many words.</p> <p id="p21005004.01-1">When you vow a vow to God, do not delay paying it, for he has no pleasure in fools. Pay what you vow. It is better that you should not vow than that you should vow and not pay. Let not your mouth lead you into sin, and do not say before the messenger that it was a mistake. Why should God be angry at your voice and destroy the work of your hands?</p> </div><h5>Psalm 139:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19139023.01-2">Search me, O God, and know my heart!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Try me and know my thoughts!<br/>  And see if there be any grievous way in me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and lead me in the way everlasting!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 123:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19123001.13-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19123001-1">123:1 </span>To you I lift up my eyes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O you who are enthroned in the heavens!<br/>  Behold, as the eyes of servants<br/> <span class="indent"></span>look to the hand of their master,<br/> as the eyes of a maidservant<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to the hand of her mistress,<br/> so our eyes look to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>till he has mercy upon us.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 42:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19042005.01-2">Why are you cast down, O my soul,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and why are you in turmoil within me?<br/> Hope in God; for I shall again praise him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my salvation</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 42:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19042008.01-3">By day the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> commands his steadfast love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and at night his song is with me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a prayer to the God of my life.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 43:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19043003.01-4">Send out your light and your truth;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let them lead me;<br/> let them bring me to your holy hill<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to your dwelling!<br/>  Then I will go to the altar of God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to God my exceeding joy,<br/> and I will praise you with the lyre,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O God, my God.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19043005.01-4">Why are you cast down, O my soul,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and why are you in turmoil within me?<br/> Hope in God; for I shall again praise him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my salvation and my God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Chronicles 30:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14030018.01-1">For a majority of the people, many of them from Ephraim, Manasseh, Issachar, and Zebulun, had not cleansed themselves, yet they ate the Passover otherwise than as prescribed. For Hezekiah had prayed for them, saying, “May the good <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> pardon everyone who sets his heart to seek God, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of his fathers, even though not according to the sanctuary's rules of cleanness.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 7:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47007011.01-1">For see what earnestness this godly grief has produced in you, but also what eagerness to clear yourselves, what indignation, what fear, what longing, what zeal, what punishment! At every point you have proved yourselves innocent in the matter.</p> </div><h5>1 Chronicles 15:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p13015012.01-2">and said to them, “You are the heads of the fathers' houses of the Levites. Consecrate yourselves, you and your brothers, so that you may bring up the ark of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel, to the place that I have prepared for it. Because you did not carry it the first time, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God broke out against us, because we did not seek him according to the rule.” So the priests and the Levites consecrated themselves to bring up the ark of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <title>WLC 174 — What is required of them that receive the sacrament of the Lord's Supper?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/11</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 174.</span> What is required of them that receive the sacrament of the Lord's Supper in the time of the administration of it?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> It is required of them that receive the sacrament of the Lord's Supper, that, during the time of the administration of it, with all holy reverence and attention they wait upon God in that ordinance,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> diligently observe the sacramental elements and actions,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> heedfully discern the Lord's body,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and affectionately meditate on his death and sufferings,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> and thereby stir up themselves to a vigorous exercise of their graces;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> in judging themselves,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> and sorrowing for sin;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> in earnest hungering and thirsting after Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> feeding on him by faith,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup> receiving of his fullness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">10</sup> trusting in his merits,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">11</sup> rejoicing in his love,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">12</sup> giving thanks for his grace;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">13</sup> in renewing of their covenant with God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">14</sup> and love to all the saints.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">15</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 10:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03010003.01-1">Then Moses said to Aaron, “This is what the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has said, ‘Among those who are near me I will be sanctified, and before all the people I will be glorified.’” And Aaron held his peace.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 12:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012028.01-2">Therefore let us be grateful for receiving a kingdom that cannot be shaken, and thus let us offer to God acceptable worship, with reverence and awe,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 5:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19005007.01-3">But I, through the abundance of your steadfast love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>will enter your house.<br/> I will bow down toward your holy temple<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the fear of you.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46011017.04-4">But in the following instructions I do not commend you, because when you come together it is not for the better but for the worse.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011026.01-5">For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.</p> <p id="p46011027.01-5">Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty concerning the body and blood of the Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 24:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02024008.01-1">And Moses took the blood and threw it on the people and said, “Behold the blood of the covenant that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has made with you in accordance with all these words.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 26:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026028.01-2"><span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011029.01-1">For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 22:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42022019.01-1">And he took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011026.01-1">For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010003.01-2">and all ate the same spiritual food, and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ. Nevertheless, with most of them God was not pleased, for they were overthrown in the wilderness.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010011.01-3">Now these things happened to them as an example, but they were written down for our instruction, on whom the end of the ages has come.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010014.01-4">Therefore, my beloved, flee from idolatry.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011031.01-1">But if we judged ourselves truly, we would not be judged.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Zechariah 12:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p38012010.06-1">“And I will pour out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and pleas for mercy, so that, when they look on me, on him whom they have pierced, they shall mourn for him, as one mourns for an only child, and weep bitterly over him, as one weeps over a firstborn.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 22:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66022017.01-1">The Spirit and the Bride say, “Come.” And let the one who hears say, “Come.” And let the one who is thirsty come; let the one who desires take the water of life without price.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40005006.01-2"><span class="woc">“Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they shall be satisfied.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 6:35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006035.01-1">Jesus said to them, <span class="woc">“I am the bread of life; whoever comes to me shall not hunger, and whoever believes in me shall never thirst.</span></p> </div><h5>John 6:47-58</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006047.01-2"><span class="woc">Truly, truly, I say to you, whoever believes has eternal life.</span> <span class="woc">I am the bread of life.</span> <span class="woc">Your fathers ate the manna in the wilderness, and they died.</span> <span class="woc">This is the bread that comes down from heaven, so that one may eat of it and not die.</span> <span class="woc">I am the living bread that came down from heaven. If anyone eats of this bread, he will live forever. And the bread that I will give for the life of the world is my flesh.”</span></p> <p id="p43006052.01-2">The Jews then disputed among themselves, saying, “How can this man give us his flesh to eat?” So Jesus said to them, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you have no life in you.</span> <span class="woc">Whoever feeds on my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day.</span> <span class="woc">For my flesh is true food, and my blood is true drink.</span> <span class="woc">Whoever feeds on my flesh and drinks my blood abides in me, and I in him.</span> <span class="woc">As the living Father sent me, and I live because of the Father, so whoever feeds on me, he also will live because of me.</span> <span class="woc">This is the bread that came down from heaven, not like the bread the fathers ate and died. Whoever feeds on this bread will live forever.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 1:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43001016.01-1">And from his fullness we have all received, grace upon grace.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50003009.01-1">and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own that comes from the law, but that which comes through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith—  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 63:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19063004.01-1">So I will bless you as long as I live;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in your name I will lift up my hands.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19063005.01-1">My soul will be satisfied as with fat and rich food,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my mouth will praise you with joyful lips,</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Chronicles 30:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14030021.01-2">And the people of Israel who were present at Jerusalem kept the Feast of Unleavened Bread seven days with great gladness, and the Levites and the priests praised the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> day by day, singing with all their might to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 22:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19022026.01-1">The afflicted shall eat and be satisfied;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>those who seek him shall praise the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>May your hearts live forever!</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010016.01-2">The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 50:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24050005.01-1">They shall ask the way to Zion, with faces turned toward it, saying, ‘Come, let us join ourselves to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in an everlasting covenant that will never be forgotten.’</p> </div><h5>Psalm 50:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19050005.01-2">“Gather to me my faithful ones,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who made a covenant with me by sacrifice!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44002042.06-1">And they devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 11 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 173 — May any who profess the faith, and desire to come to the Lord's Supper, be kept from it?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/10</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 173.</span> May any who profess the faith, and desire to come to the Lord's Supper, be kept from it?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Such as are found to be ignorant or scandalous, notwithstanding their profession of the faith, and desire to come to the Lord's Supper, may and ought to be kept from that sacrament, by the power which Christ hath left in his church,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> until they receive instruction, and manifest their reformation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:27-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011027.01-1">Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty concerning the body and blood of the Lord. Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself. That is why many of you are weak and ill, and some have died. But if we judged ourselves truly, we would not be judged. But when we are judged by the Lord, we are disciplined so that we may not be condemned along with the world.</p> <p id="p46011033.01-1">So then, my brothers, when you come together to eat, wait for one another— if anyone is hungry, let him eat at home—so that when you come together it will not be for judgment. About the other things I will give directions when I come.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 7:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40007006.01-2"><span class="woc">“Do not give dogs what is holy, and do not throw your pearls before pigs, lest they trample them underfoot and turn to attack you.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46005001.06-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v46005001-3">5:1 </span>It is actually reported that there is sexual immorality among you, and of a kind that is not tolerated even among pagans, for a man has his father's wife. And you are arrogant! Ought you not rather to mourn? Let him who has done this be removed from among you.</p> <p id="p46005003.01-3">For though absent in body, I am present in spirit; and as if present, I have already pronounced judgment on the one who did such a thing. When you are assembled in the name of the Lord Jesus and my spirit is present, with the power of our Lord Jesus, you are to deliver this man to Satan for the destruction of the flesh, so that his spirit may be saved in the day of the Lord.</p> <p id="p46005006.01-3">Your boasting is not good. Do you not know that a little leaven leavens the whole lump? Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed. Let us therefore celebrate the festival, not with the old leaven, the leaven of malice and evil, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.</p> <p id="p46005009.01-3">I wrote to you in my letter not to associate with sexually immoral people— not at all meaning the sexually immoral of this world, or the greedy and swindlers, or idolaters, since then you would need to go out of the world. But now I am writing to you not to associate with anyone who bears the name of brother if he is guilty of sexual immorality or greed, or is an idolater, reviler, drunkard, or swindler—not even to eat with such a one. For what have I to do with judging outsiders? Is it not those inside the church whom you are to judge? God judges those outside. “Purge the evil person from among you.”</p> </div><h5>Jude 1:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p65001023.01-4">save others by snatching them out of the fire; to others show mercy with fear, hating even the garment stained by the flesh.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 5:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54005022.01-5">Do not be hasty in the laying on of hands, nor take part in the sins of others; keep yourself pure.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47002007.01-1">so you should rather turn to forgive and comfort him, or he may be overwhelmed by excessive sorrow.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 10 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 172 — May one who doubteth of his being in Christ come to the Lord's Supper?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/09</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 172.</span> May one who doubteth of his being in Christ, or of his due preparation, come to the Lord's Supper?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> One who doubteth of his being in Christ, or of his due preparation to the sacrament of the Lord's Supper, may have true interest in Christ, though he be not yet assured thereof;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and in God's account hath it, if he be duly affected with the apprehension of the want of it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and unfeignedly desires to be found in Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and to depart from iniquity:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> in which case (because promises are made, and this sacrament is appointed, for the relief even of weak and doubting Christians<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup>) he is to bewail his unbelief,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> and labor to have his doubts resolved;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> and, so doing, he may and ought to come to the Lord's Supper, that he may be further strengthened.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 50:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23050010.01-1">Who among you fears the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>and obeys the voice of his servant?<br/> Let him who walks in darkness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and has no light<br/> trust in the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>and rely on his God.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 John 5:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p62005013.05-2">I write these things to you who believe in the name of the Son of God that you may know that you have eternal life.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 88</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19088001.31-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19088001-3">88:1 </span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, God of my salvation;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I cry out day and night before you.<br/>  Let my prayer come before you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>incline your ear to my cry!</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19088003.01-3">For my soul is full of troubles,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my life draws near to Sheol.<br/>  I am counted among those who go down to the pit;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I am a man who has no strength,<br/>  like one set loose among the dead,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like the slain that lie in the grave,<br/> like those whom you remember no more,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for they are cut off from your hand.<br/>  You have put me in the depths of the pit,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the regions dark and deep.<br/>  Your wrath lies heavy upon me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you overwhelm me with all your waves. <span class="selah">Selah</span></p> <p class="line-group" id="p19088008.01-3">You have caused my companions to shun me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have made me a horror to them.<br/> I am shut in so that I cannot escape;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my eye grows dim through sorrow.<br/> Every day I call upon you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I spread out my hands to you.<br/>  Do you work wonders for the dead?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Do the departed rise up to praise you? <span class="selah">Selah</span><br/>  Is your steadfast love declared in the grave,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or your faithfulness in Abaddon?<br/>  Are your wonders known in the darkness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or your righteousness in the land of forgetfulness?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19088013.01-3">But I, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, cry to you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the morning my prayer comes before you.<br/>  O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, why do you cast my soul away?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Why do you hide your face from me?<br/>  Afflicted and close to death from my youth up,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I suffer your terrors; I am helpless.<br/>  Your wrath has swept over me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your dreadful assaults destroy me.<br/>  They surround me like a flood all day long;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they close in on me together.<br/>  You have caused my beloved and my friend to shun me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my companions have become darkness.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 77:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19077001.20-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19077001-4">77:1 </span>I cry aloud to God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>aloud to God, and he will hear me.<br/>  In the day of my trouble I seek the Lord;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the night my hand is stretched out without wearying;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my soul refuses to be comforted.<br/>  When I remember God, I moan;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I meditate, my spirit faints. <span class="selah">Selah</span></p> <p class="line-group" id="p19077004.01-4">You hold my eyelids open;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I am so troubled that I cannot speak.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 77:7-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19077007.01-5">“Will the Lord spurn forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and never again be favorable?<br/>  Has his steadfast love forever ceased?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Are his promises at an end for all time?<br/>  Has God forgotten to be gracious?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Has he in anger shut up his compassion?” <span class="selah">Selah</span></p> <p class="line-group" id="p19077010.01-5">Then I said, “I will appeal to this,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to the years of the right hand of the Most High.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Jonah 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p32002004.01-6">Then I said, ‘I am driven away<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from your sight;<br/> yet I shall again look<br/> <span class="indent"></span>upon your holy temple.’  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 54:7-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23054007.01-1">For a brief moment I deserted you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but with great compassion I will gather you.<br/>  In overflowing anger for a moment<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I hid my face from you,<br/> but with everlasting love I will have compassion on you,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, your Redeemer.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p23054009.01-1">“This is like the days of Noah to me:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as I swore that the waters of Noah<br/> <span class="indent"></span>should no more go over the earth,<br/> so I have sworn that I will not be angry with you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and will not rebuke you.<br/>  For the mountains may depart<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the hills be removed,<br/> but my steadfast love shall not depart from you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my covenant of peace shall not be removed,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, who has compassion on you.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 5:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40005003.01-2"><span class="woc">“Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.</span></p> <p id="p40005004.01-2"><span class="woc">“Blessed are those who mourn, for they shall be comforted.</span></p> </div><h5>Psalm 31:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19031022.01-3">I had said in my alarm,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“I am cut off from your sight.”<br/> But you heard the voice of my pleas for mercy<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I cried to you for help.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 73:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19073013.01-4">All in vain have I kept my heart clean<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and washed my hands in innocence.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 73:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19073022.01-5">I was brutish and ignorant;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I was like a beast toward you.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19073023.01-5">Nevertheless, I am continually with you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you hold my right hand.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 3:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50003008.01-1">Indeed, I count everything as loss because of the surpassing worth of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord. For his sake I have suffered the loss of all things and count them as rubbish, in order that I may gain Christ and be found in him, not having a righteousness of my own that comes from the law, but that which comes through faith in Christ, the righteousness from God that depends on faith—</p> </div><h5>Psalm 10:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19010017.01-2">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, you hear the desire of the afflicted;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you will strengthen their heart; you will incline your ear</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 42:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19042001.21-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19042001-3">42:1 </span>As a deer pants for flowing streams,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so pants my soul for you, O God.<br/>  My soul thirsts for God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the living God.<br/> When shall I come and appear before God?</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 42:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19042005.01-4">Why are you cast down, O my soul,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and why are you in turmoil within me?<br/> Hope in God; for I shall again praise him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my salvation</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 42:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19042011.01-5">Why are you cast down, O my soul,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and why are you in turmoil within me?<br/> Hope in God; for I shall again praise him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my salvation and my God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 2:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55002019.01-1">But God's firm foundation stands, bearing this seal: “The Lord knows those who are his,” and, “Let everyone who names the name of the Lord depart from iniquity.”</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 50:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23050010.01-2">Who among you fears the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>and obeys the voice of his servant?<br/> Let him who walks in darkness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and has no light<br/> trust in the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>and rely on his God.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 66:18-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19066018.01-3">If I had cherished iniquity in my heart,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the Lord would not have listened.<br/>  But truly God has listened;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he has attended to the voice of my prayer.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19066020.01-3">Blessed be God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because he has not rejected my prayer<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or removed his steadfast love from me!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 40:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23040011.01-1">He will tend his flock like a shepherd;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he will gather the lambs in his arms;<br/> he will carry them in his bosom,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and gently lead those that are with young.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 40:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23040029.01-2">He gives power to the faint,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to him who has no might he increases strength.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 40:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23040031.01-3">but they who wait for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall renew their strength;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they shall mount up with wings like eagles;<br/> they shall run and not be weary;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they shall walk and not faint.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 11:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40011028.01-4"><span class="woc">Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 12:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40012020.01-5">a bruised reed he will not break,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a smoldering wick he will not quench,<br/> until he brings justice to victory;</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 26:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026028.01-6"><span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 9:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41009024.01-1">Immediately the father of the child cried out and said, “I believe; help my unbelief!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002037.01-1">Now when they heard this they were cut to the heart, and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?”</p> </div><h5>Acts 16:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44016030.01-2">Then he brought them out and said, “Sirs, what must I do to be saved?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004011.01-1">He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well,</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011028.01-2">Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 97 + WLC 171 — What is required to the worthy receiving of the Lord's Supper?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/08</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 97.</span> What is required to the worthy receiving of the Lord's supper?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> It is required of them that would worthily partake of the Lord's Supper, that they examine themselves of their knowledge to discern the Lord's body, of their faith to feed upon him, of their repentance, love, and new obedience; lest, coming unworthily, they eat and drink judgment to themselves.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 171.</span> How are they that receive the sacrament of the Lord's Supper to prepare themselves before they come unto it?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> They that receive the sacrament of the Lord's Supper are, before they come, to prepare themselves thereunto, by examining themselves<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> of their being in Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> of their sins and wants;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> of the truth and measure of their knowledge,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> faith,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> repentance;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> love to God and the brethren,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> charity to all men,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup> forgiving those that have done them wrong;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">10</sup> of their desires after Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">11</sup> and of their new obedience;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">12</sup> and by renewing the exercise of these graces,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">13</sup> by serious meditation,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">14</sup> and fervent prayer.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">15</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:27-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011027.01-1">Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty concerning the body and blood of the Lord. Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself. That is why many of you are weak and ill, and some have died. But if we judged ourselves truly, we would not be judged. But when we are judged by the Lord, we are disciplined so that we may not be condemned along with the world.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011028.01-1">Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 13:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47013005.01-1">Examine yourselves, to see whether you are in the faith. Test yourselves. Or do you not realize this about yourselves, that Jesus Christ is in you?—unless indeed you fail to meet the test!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 5:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46005007.01-1">Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 12:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02012015.01-2">Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread. On the first day you shall remove leaven out of your houses, for if anyone eats what is leavened, from the first day until the seventh day, that person shall be cut off from Israel.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011029.01-1">For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 13:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47013005.01-1">Examine yourselves, to see whether you are in the faith. Test yourselves. Or do you not realize this about yourselves, that Jesus Christ is in you?—unless indeed you fail to meet the test!</p> </div><h5>Matthew 26:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026028.01-2"><span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Zechariah 12:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p38012010.06-1">“And I will pour out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and pleas for mercy, so that, when they look on me, on him whom they have pierced, they shall mourn for him, as one mourns for an only child, and weep bitterly over him, as one weeps over a firstborn.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011031.01-2">But if we judged ourselves truly, we would not be judged.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010016.01-1">The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:46-47</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002046.01-2">And day by day, attending the temple together and breaking bread in their homes, they received their food with glad and generous hearts, praising God and having favor with all the people. And the Lord added to their number day by day those who were being saved.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 5:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46005008.01-1">Let us therefore celebrate the festival, not with the old leaven, the leaven of malice and evil, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011018.01-2">For, in the first place, when you come together as a church, I hear that there are divisions among you. And I believe it in part,</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011020.01-3">When you come together, it is not the Lord's supper that you eat.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40005023.01-1"><span class="woc">So if you are offering your gift at the altar and there remember that your brother has something against you,</span> <span class="woc">leave your gift there before the altar and go. First be reconciled to your brother, and then come and offer your gift.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 55:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23055001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v23055001-1">55:1 </span>“Come, everyone who thirsts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>come to the waters;<br/> and he who has no money,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>come, buy and eat!<br/> Come, buy wine and milk<br/> <span class="indent"></span>without money and without price.</p> </div> </div><h5>John 7:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p43007037.05-2">On the last day of the feast, the great day, Jesus stood up and cried out, <span class="woc">“If anyone thirsts, let him come to me and drink.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 5:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46005007.01-1">Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed. Let us therefore celebrate the festival, not with the old leaven, the leaven of malice and evil, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011025.01-1">In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011028.01-2">Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 10:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010021.01-3">and since we have a great priest over the house of God, let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, with our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 10:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010024.01-4">And let us consider how to stir up one another to love and good works,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 26:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19026006.01-5">I wash my hands in innocence<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and go around your altar, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011024.01-1">and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Chronicles 30:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14030018.01-1">For a majority of the people, many of them from Ephraim, Manasseh, Issachar, and Zebulun, had not cleansed themselves, yet they ate the Passover otherwise than as prescribed. For Hezekiah had prayed for them, saying, “May the good <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> pardon everyone who sets his heart to seek God, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of his fathers, even though not according to the sanctuary's rules of cleanness.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 26:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40026026.06-2">Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, <span class="woc">“Take, eat; this is my body.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 08 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 29.8 — Of the Lord's Supper, part 8</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/07</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 29: Of the Lord's Supper</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">8.</span> Although ignorant and wicked men receive the outward elements in this sacrament; yet, they receive not the thing signified thereby; but, by their unworthy coming thereunto, are guilty of the body and blood of the Lord, to their own damnation. Wherefore, all ignorant and ungodly persons, as they are unfit to enjoy communion with him, so are they unworthy of the Lord's table; and cannot, without great sin against Christ, while they remain such, partake of these holy mysteries,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> or be admitted thereunto.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:27-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty concerning the body and blood of the Lord. Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 6:14-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Do not be unequally yoked with unbelievers. For what partnership has righteousness with lawlessness? Or what fellowship has light with darkness? What accord has Christ with Belial? Or what portion does a believer share with an unbeliever? What agreement has the temple of God with idols? For we are the temple of the living God; as God said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“I will make my dwelling among them and walk among them,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will be their God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and they shall be my people.</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 10:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons. You cannot partake of the table of the Lord and the table of demons.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 5:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46005006.01-1">Your boasting is not good. Do you not know that a little leaven leavens the whole lump? Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 5:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46005013.01-2">God judges those outside. “Purge the evil person from among you.”</p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p53003006.04-3">Now we command you, brothers, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that you keep away from any brother who is walking in idleness and not in accord with the tradition that you received from us.</p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 3:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53003014.01-4">If anyone does not obey what we say in this letter, take note of that person, and have nothing to do with him, that he may be ashamed. Do not regard him as an enemy, but warn him as a brother.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 7:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40007006.01-5"><span class="woc">“Do not give dogs what is holy, and do not throw your pearls before pigs, lest they trample them underfoot and turn to attack you.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 07 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 29.7 + WLC 170 — How do they that worthily communicate in the Lord's Supper feed upon Christ therein?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/06</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 29: Of the Lord's Supper</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">7.</span> Worthy receivers, outwardly partaking of the visible elements, in this sacrament,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">5</sup> do then also, inwardly by faith, really and indeed, yet not carnally and corporally but spiritually, receive, and feed upon, Christ crucified, and all benefits of his death: the body and blood of Christ being then, not corporally or carnally, in, with, or under the bread and wine; yet, as really, but spiritually, present to the faith of believers in that ordinance, as the elements themselves are to their outward senses.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">6</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 170.</span> How do they that worthily communicate in the Lord's supper feed upon the body and blood of Christ therein?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> As the body and blood of Christ are not corporally or carnally present in, with, or under the bread and wine in the Lord's Supper,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and yet are spiritually present to the faith of the receiver, no less truly and really than the elements themselves are to their outward senses;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> so they that worthily communicate in the sacrament of the Lord's Supper, do therein feed upon the body and blood of Christ, not after a corporal and carnal, but in a spiritual manner; yet truly and really,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> while by faith they receive and apply unto themselves Christ crucified, and all the benefits of his death.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44003021.01-1">whom heaven must receive until the time for restoring all the things about which God spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets long ago.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40026026.06-1">Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, <span class="woc">“Take, eat; this is my body.”</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 26:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026028.01-2"><span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:24-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011024.01-1">and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.</p> <p id="p46011027.01-1">Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty concerning the body and blood of the Lord. Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself.</p> </div><h5>John 6:51</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006051.01-2"><span class="woc">I am the living bread that came down from heaven. If anyone eats of this bread, he will live forever. And the bread that I will give for the life of the world is my flesh.”</span></p> </div><h5>John 6:53</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006053.01-3">So Jesus said to them, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you have no life in you.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010016.01-1">The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011028.01-1">Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 10:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and all ate the same spiritual food, and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 06 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 29.6 — Of the Lord's Supper, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/05</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 29: Of the Lord's Supper</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> That doctrine which maintains a change of the substance of bread and wine, into the substance of Christ's body and blood (commonly called transubstantiation) by consecration of a priest, or by any other way, is repugnant, not to Scripture alone, but even to common sense, and reason; overthroweth the nature of the sacrament, and hath been, and is, the cause of manifold superstitions; yea, of gross idolatries.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44003021.01-1">whom heaven must receive until the time for restoring all the things about which God spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets long ago.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:24-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011024.01-2">and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.</p> </div><h5>Luke 24:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42024006.01-3">He is not here, but has risen. Remember how he told you, while he was still in Galilee,</p> </div><h5>Luke 24:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42024039.01-4"><span class="woc">See my hands and my feet, that it is I myself. Touch me, and see. For a spirit does not have flesh and bones as you see that I have.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 05 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 29.5 — Of the Lord's Supper, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/04</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 29: Of the Lord's Supper</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> The outward elements in this sacrament, duly set apart to the uses ordained by Christ, have such relation to him crucified, as that, truly, yet sacramentally only, they are sometimes called by the name of the things they represent, to wit, the body and blood of Christ;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> albeit, in substance and nature, they still remain truly and only bread and wine, as they were before.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:26-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, <span class="woc">“Take, eat; this is my body.”</span> And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“Drink of it, all of you,</span> <span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:26-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011026.01-1">For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.</p> <p id="p46011027.01-1">Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty concerning the body and blood of the Lord. Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 26:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026029.01-2"><span class="woc">I tell you I will not drink again of this fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father's kingdom.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 29.4 — Of the Lord's Supper, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/03</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 29: Of the Lord's Supper</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> Private masses, or receiving this sacrament by a priest, or any other, alone;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> as likewise, the denial of the cup to the people,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> worshiping the elements, the lifting them up, or carrying them about, for adoration, and the reserving them for any pretended religious use; are all contrary to the nature of this sacrament, and to the institution of Christ.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“Drink of it, all of you,</span> <span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span></p> </div> <h5>Mark 14:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, and they all drank of it.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 11:25-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.</p> <p>Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty concerning the body and blood of the Lord. Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 15:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">in vain do they worship me,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.’”</span></p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 03 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 29.3 + WLC 169 — How hath Christ appointed bread and wine to be given and received?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/02</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 29: Of the Lord's Supper</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> The Lord Jesus hath, in this ordinance, appointed his ministers to declare his word of institution to the people; to pray, and bless the elements of bread and wine, and thereby to set them apart from a common to an holy use; and to take and break the bread, to take the cup, and (they communicating also themselves) to give both to the communicants;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">2</sup> but to none who are not then present in the congregation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">3</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 169.</span> How hath Christ appointed bread and wine to be given and received in the sacrament of the Lord's Supper?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Christ hath appointed the ministers of his Word, in the administration of this sacrament of the Lord's Supper, to set apart the bread and wine from common use, by the word of institution, thanksgiving, and prayer; to take and break the bread, and to give both the bread and the wine to the communicants: who are, by the same appointment, to take and eat the bread, and to drink the wine, in thankful remembrance that the body of Christ was broken and given, and his blood shed, for them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011023.01-1">For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 26:26-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40026026.06-2">Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, <span class="woc">“Take, eat; this is my body.”</span> And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“Drink of it, all of you,</span> <span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span></p> </div><h5>Mark 14:22-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p41014022.06-3">And as they were eating, he took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to them, and said, <span class="woc">“Take; this is my body.”</span> And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, and they all drank of it. And he said to them, <span class="woc">“This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many.</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 22:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42022019.01-4">And he took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:26-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, <span class="woc">“Take, eat; this is my body.”</span> And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“Drink of it, all of you,</span> <span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span></p> </div> <h5>Mark 14:22-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And as they were eating, he took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to them, and said, <span class="woc">“Take; this is my body.”</span> And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, and they all drank of it. And he said to them, <span class="woc">“This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many.</span></p> </div> <h5>Luke 22:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood.</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 10:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 11:23-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body, which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.</p> <p>Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty concerning the body and blood of the Lord.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44020007.06-1">On the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul talked with them, intending to depart on the next day, and he prolonged his speech until midnight.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011020.01-2">When you come together, it is not the Lord's supper that you eat.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 02 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 29.2 — Of the Lord's Supper, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/12/01</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 29: Of the Lord's Supper</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> In this sacrament, Christ is not offered up to his Father; nor any real sacrifice made at all, for remission of sins of the quick or dead;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> but only a commemoration of that one offering up of himself, by himself, upon the cross, once for all: and a spiritual oblation of all possible praise unto God, for the same:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> so that the popish sacrifice of the mass (as they call it) is most abominably injurious to Christ's one, only sacrifice, the alone propitiation for all the sins of his elect.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 9:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Indeed, under the law almost everything is purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness of sins.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 9:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Nor was it to offer himself repeatedly, as the high priest enters the holy places every year with blood not his own, for then he would have had to suffer repeatedly since the foundation of the world. But as it is, he has appeared once for all at the end of the ages to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 9:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>so Christ, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time, not to deal with sin but to save those who are eagerly waiting for him.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 10:10-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">And by that will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.</p> <p>And every priest stands daily at his service, offering repeatedly the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins. But when Christ had offered for all time a single sacrifice for sins, he sat down at the right hand of God, waiting from that time until his enemies should be made a footstool for his feet. For by a single offering he has perfected for all time those who are being sanctified.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:24-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body, which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 26:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, <span class="woc">“Take, eat; this is my body.”</span> And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“Drink of it, all of you,</span></p> </div> <h5>Luke 22:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 7:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007023.01-1">The former priests were many in number, because they were prevented by death from continuing in office, but he holds his priesthood permanently, because he continues forever.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 7:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007027.01-2">He has no need, like those high priests, to offer sacrifices daily, first for his own sins and then for those of the people, since he did this once for all when he offered up himself.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 10:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010011.01-3">And every priest stands daily at his service, offering repeatedly the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins. But when Christ had offered for all time a single sacrifice for sins, he sat down at the right hand of God,</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 10:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010014.01-4">For by a single offering he has perfected for all time those who are being sanctified.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 10:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p58010018.01-5">Where there is forgiveness of these, there is no longer any offering for sin.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 96 + WLC 168 — What is the Lord's Supper?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/30</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 96.</span> What is the Lord's supper?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Lord's Supper is a sacrament, wherein, by giving and receiving bread and wine, according to Christ's appointment, his death is showed forth;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and the worthy receivers are, not after a corporal and carnal manner, but by faith, made partakers of his body and blood, with all his benefits, to their spiritual nourishment, and growth in grace.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 168.</span> What is the Lord's Supper?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Lord's Supper is a sacrament of the new testament,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> wherein, by giving and receiving bread and wine according to the appointment of Jesus Christ, his death is showed forth; and they that worthily communicate feed upon his body and blood, to their spiritual nourishment and growth in grace;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> have their union and communion with him confirmed;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup> testify and renew their thankfulness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">6</sup> and engagement to God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">7</sup> and their mutual love and fellowship each with other, as members of the same mystical body.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 22:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42022019.01-1">And he took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:23-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011023.01-2">For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010016.01-1">The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 22:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42022020.01-1">And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:26-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40026026.06-1">Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, <span class="woc">“Take, eat; this is my body.”</span> And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“Drink of it, all of you,</span> <span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:23-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011023.01-2">For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010016.01-1">The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011024.01-1">and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:14-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010014.01-1">Therefore, my beloved, flee from idolatry. I speak as to sensible people; judge for yourselves what I say. The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010021.01-2">You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons. You cannot partake of the table of the Lord and the table of demons.</p> </div><h5>Romans 7:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007004.01-3">Likewise, my brothers, you also have died to the law through the body of Christ, so that you may belong to another, to him who has been raised from the dead, in order that we may bear fruit for God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010017.01-1">Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 30 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 29.1 — Of the Lord's Supper, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/29</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 29: Of the Lord's Supper</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> Our Lord Jesus, in the night wherein he was betrayed, instituted the sacrament of his body and blood, called the Lord's Supper, to be observed in his church, unto the end of the world, for the perpetual remembrance of the sacrifice of himself in his death; the sealing all benefits thereof unto true believers, their spiritual nourishment and growth in him, their further engagement in and to all duties which they owe unto him; and, to be a bond and pledge of their communion with him, and with each other, as members of his mystical body.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:23-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011023.01-1">For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010016.01-2">The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010021.01-3">You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons. You cannot partake of the table of the Lord and the table of demons.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 12:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012013.01-4">For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body—Jews or Greeks, slaves or free—and all were made to drink of one Spirit.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 29 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 167 — How is baptism to be improved by us?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/28</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 167.</span> How is our baptism to be improved by us?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The needful but much neglected duty of improving our baptism, is to be performed by us all our life long, especially in the time of temptation, and when we are present at the administration of it to others;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> by serious and thankful consideration of the nature of it, and of the ends for which Christ instituted it, the privileges and benefits conferred and sealed thereby, and our solemn vow made therein;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> by being humbled for our sinful defilement, our falling short of, and walking contrary to, the grace of baptism, and our engagements;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> by growing up to assurance of pardon of sin, and of all other blessings sealed to us in that sacrament;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> by drawing strength from the death and resurrection of Christ, into whom we are baptized, for the mortifying of sin, and quickening of grace;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> and by endeavoring to live by faith,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> to have our conversation in holiness and righteousness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> as those that have therein given up their names to Christ;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> and to walk in brotherly love, as being baptized by the same Spirit into one body.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 2:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002011.01-1">In him also you were circumcised with a circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the flesh, by the circumcision of Christ, having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the powerful working of God, who raised him from the dead.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006004.01-2">We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006006.01-3">We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006011.01-4">So you also must consider yourselves dead to sin and alive to God in Christ Jesus.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006003.01-1">Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> <p id="p45006005.01-1">For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we shall certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60003021.01-2">Baptism, which corresponds to this, now saves you, not as a removal of dirt from the body but as an appeal to God for a good conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 1:11-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46001011.01-1">For it has been reported to me by Chloe's people that there is quarreling among you, my brothers. What I mean is that each one of you says, “I follow Paul,” or “I follow Apollos,” or “I follow Cephas,” or “I follow Christ.” Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Or were you baptized in the name of Paul?</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006002.01-2">By no means! How can we who died to sin still live in it? Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:4-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006004.01-1">We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> <p id="p45006005.01-1">For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we shall certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his. We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin. For one who has died has been set free from sin.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006022.01-2">But now that you have been set free from sin and have become slaves of God, the fruit you get leads to sanctification and its end, eternal life.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60003021.01-3">Baptism, which corresponds to this, now saves you, not as a removal of dirt from the body but as an appeal to God for a good conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ,</p> </div><h5>Romans 5:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005001.06-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45005001-4">5:1 </span>Therefore, since we have been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ. Through him we have also obtained access by faith into this grace in which we stand, and we rejoice in hope of the glory of God.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 33:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24033008.01-5">I will cleanse them from all the guilt of their sin against me, and I will forgive all the guilt of their sin and rebellion against me.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006003.01-1">Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> <p id="p45006005.01-1">For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we shall certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003026.01-1">for in Christ Jesus you are all sons of God, through faith. For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006022.01-1">But now that you have been set free from sin and have become slaves of God, the fruit you get leads to sanctification and its end, eternal life.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002038.01-1">And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 2:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48002020.01-2">I have been crucified with Christ. It is no longer I who live, but Christ who lives in me. And the life I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave himself for me.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66002017.01-3"><span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To the one who conquers I will give some of the hidden manna, and I will give him a white stone, with a new name written on the stone that no one knows except the one who receives it.’</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 12:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012013.01-1">For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body—Jews or Greeks, slaves or free—and all were made to drink of one Spirit.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 12:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012025.01-2">that there may be no division in the body, but that the members may have the same care for one another.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 28 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 28.7 — Of baptism, part 7</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/27</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 28: Of Baptism</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">7.</span> The sacrament of baptism is but once to be administered unto any person.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:3-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> <p>For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we shall certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his. We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin. For one who has died has been set free from sin. Now if we have died with Christ, we believe that we will also live with him. We know that Christ, being raised from the dead, will never die again; death no longer has dominion over him. For the death he died he died to sin, once for all, but the life he lives he lives to God. So you also must consider yourselves dead to sin and alive to God in Christ Jesus.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 28.6 — Of baptism, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/26</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 28: Of Baptism</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> The efficacy of baptism is not tied to that moment of time wherein it is administered;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet, notwithstanding, by the right use of this ordinance, the grace promised is not only offered, but really exhibited, and conferred, by the Holy Ghost, to such (whether of age or infants) as that grace belongeth unto, according to the counsel of God's own will, in his appointed time.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003005.01-1">Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God.</span></p> </div><h5>John 3:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003008.01-2"><span class="woc">The wind blows where it wishes, and you hear its sound, but you do not know where it comes from or where it goes. So it is with everyone who is born of the Spirit.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:3-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> <p>For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we shall certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his. We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Baptism, which corresponds to this, now saves you, not as a removal of dirt from the body but as an appeal to God for a good conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ,</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 26 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 28.5 — Of baptism, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/25</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 28: Of Baptism</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> Although it be a great sin to contemn or neglect this ordinance,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> yet grace and salvation are not so inseparably annexed unto it, as that no person can be regenerated, or saved, without it;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> or, that all that are baptized are undoubtedly regenerated.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 17:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Any uncircumcised male who is not circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin shall be cut off from his people; he has broken my covenant.”</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 7:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">but the Pharisees and the lawyers rejected the purpose of God for themselves, not having been baptized by him.)</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004011.01-1">He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well,</p> </div><h5>Acts 10:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44010002.01-2">a devout man who feared God with all his household, gave alms generously to the people, and prayed continually to God.</p> </div><h5>Acts 10:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44010004.01-3">And he stared at him in terror and said, “What is it, Lord?” And he said to him, “Your prayers and your alms have ascended as a memorial before God.</p> </div><h5>Acts 10:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44010022.01-4">And they said, “Cornelius, a centurion, an upright and God-fearing man, who is well spoken of by the whole Jewish nation, was directed by a holy angel to send for you to come to his house and to hear what you have to say.”</p> </div><h5>Acts 10:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44010031.01-5">and said, ‘Cornelius, your prayer has been heard and your alms have been remembered before God.</p> </div><h5>Acts 10:45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44010045.01-6">And the believers from among the circumcised who had come with Peter were amazed, because the gift of the Holy Spirit was poured out even on the Gentiles.</p> </div><h5>Acts 10:47</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44010047.01-7">“Can anyone withhold water for baptizing these people, who have received the Holy Spirit just as we have?”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 8:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008013.01-1">Even Simon himself believed, and after being baptized he continued with Philip. And seeing signs and great miracles performed, he was amazed.</p> </div><h5>Acts 8:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008023.01-2">For I see that you are in the gall of bitterness and in the bond of iniquity.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 25 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 95 + WLC 166 — To whom is baptism to be administered?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/24</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 95.</span> To whom is baptism to be administered?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Baptism is not to be administered to any that are out of the visible church, till they profess their faith in Christ, and obedience to him;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> but the infants of such as are members of the visible church are to be baptized.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 166.</span> Unto whom is baptism to be administered?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Baptism is not to be administered to any that are out of the visible church, and so strangers from the covenant of promise, till they profess their faith in Christ, and obedience to him,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> but infants descending from parents, either both, or but one of them, professing faith in Christ, and obedience to him, are in that respect within the covenant, and to be baptized.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002041.01-1">So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls.</p> </div><h5>Acts 8:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008012.01-2">But when they believed Philip as he preached good news about the kingdom of God and the name of Jesus Christ, they were baptized, both men and women.</p> </div><h5>Acts 8:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008036.01-3">And as they were going along the road they came to some water, and the eunuch said, “See, here is water! What prevents me from being baptized?”</p> </div><h5>Acts 8:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008038.01-4">And he commanded the chariot to stop, and they both went down into the water, Philip and the eunuch, and he baptized him.</p> </div><h5>Acts 18:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44018008.01-5">Crispus, the ruler of the synagogue, believed in the Lord, together with his entire household. And many of the Corinthians hearing Paul believed and were baptized.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 17:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01017007.01-1">And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 17:9-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01017009.01-2">And God said to Abraham, “As for you, you shall keep my covenant, you and your offspring after you throughout their generations. This is my covenant, which you shall keep, between me and you and your offspring after you: Every male among you shall be circumcised. You shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskins, and it shall be a sign of the covenant between me and you.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:38-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002038.01-3">And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.”</p> </div><h5>Acts 16:32-33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44016032.01-4">And they spoke the word of the Lord to him and to all who were in his house. And he took them the same hour of the night and washed their wounds; and he was baptized at once, he and all his family.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 2:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002011.01-5">In him also you were circumcised with a circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the flesh, by the circumcision of Christ, having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the powerful working of God, who raised him from the dead.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:38-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002038.01-1">And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.”</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002041.01-2">So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls.</p> </div><h5>Acts 8:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008012.01-3">But when they believed Philip as he preached good news about the kingdom of God and the name of Jesus Christ, they were baptized, both men and women.</p> </div><h5>Acts 8:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008036.01-4">And as they were going along the road they came to some water, and the eunuch said, “See, here is water! What prevents me from being baptized?”</p> </div><h5>Acts 8:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008038.01-5">And he commanded the chariot to stop, and they both went down into the water, Philip and the eunuch, and he baptized him.</p> </div><h5>Acts 16:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44016015.01-6">And after she was baptized, and her household as well, she urged us, saying, “If you have judged me to be faithful to the Lord, come to my house and stay.” And she prevailed upon us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 2:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002011.01-1">In him also you were circumcised with a circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the flesh, by the circumcision of Christ, having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the powerful working of God, who raised him from the dead.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:38-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002038.01-2">And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 4:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004011.01-3">He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well, and to make him the father of the circumcised who are not merely circumcised but who also walk in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had before he was circumcised.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 7:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007014.01-4">For the unbelieving husband is made holy because of his wife, and the unbelieving wife is made holy because of her husband. Otherwise your children would be unclean, but as it is, they are holy.</p> </div><h5>Luke 18:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42018015.07-5">Now they were bringing even infants to him that he might touch them. And when the disciples saw it, they rebuked them. But Jesus called them to him, saying, <span class="woc">“Let the children come to me, and do not hinder them, for to such belongs the kingdom of God.</span></p> </div><h5>Genesis 17:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01017007.01-6">And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you. And I will give to you and to your offspring after you the land of your sojournings, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession, and I will be their God.”</p> <p id="p01017009.01-6">And God said to Abraham, “As for you, you shall keep my covenant, you and your offspring after you throughout their generations.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:9-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003009.01-7">So then, those who are of faith are blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith.</p> <p id="p48003010.07-7">For all who rely on works of the law are under a curse; for it is written, “Cursed be everyone who does not abide by all things written in the Book of the Law, and do them.” Now it is evident that no one is justified before God by the law, for “The righteous shall live by faith.” But the law is not of faith, rather “The one who does them shall live by them.” Christ redeemed us from the curse of the law by becoming a curse for us—for it is written, “Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree”— so that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promised Spirit through faith.</p> </div><h5>Romans 11:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45011016.01-8">If the dough offered as firstfruits is holy, so is the whole lump, and if the root is holy, so are the branches.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 24 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 28.4 — Of baptism, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/23</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 28: Of Baptism</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> Not only those that do actually profess faith in and obedience unto Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> but also the infants of one, or both, believing parents, are to be baptized.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 8:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But when they believed Philip as he preached good news about the kingdom of God and the name of Jesus Christ, they were baptized, both men and women. Even Simon himself believed, and after being baptized he continued with Philip. And seeing signs and great miracles performed, he was amazed.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 16:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>One who heard us was a woman named Lydia, from the city of Thyatira, a seller of purple goods, who was a worshiper of God. The Lord opened her heart to pay attention to what was said by Paul. And after she was baptized, and her household as well, she urged us, saying, “If you have judged me to be faithful to the Lord, come to my house and stay.” And she prevailed upon us.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 17:7-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you. And I will give to you and to your offspring after you the land of your sojournings, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession, and I will be their God.”</p> <p>And God said to Abraham, “As for you, you shall keep my covenant, you and your offspring after you throughout their generations. This is my covenant, which you shall keep, between me and you and your offspring after you: Every male among you shall be circumcised. You shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskins, and it shall be a sign of the covenant between me and you. He who is eight days old among you shall be circumcised. Every male throughout your generations, whether born in your house or bought with your money from any foreigner who is not of your offspring, both he who is born in your house and he who is bought with your money, shall surely be circumcised. So shall my covenant be in your flesh an everlasting covenant. Any uncircumcised male who is not circumcised in the flesh of his foreskin shall be cut off from his people; he has broken my covenant.”</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So then, those who are of faith are blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>so that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promised Spirit through faith.</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 2:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In him also you were circumcised with a circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the flesh, by the circumcision of Christ, having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the powerful working of God, who raised him from the dead.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:38-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.”</p> </div> <h5>Romans 4:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well, and to make him the father of the circumcised who are not merely circumcised but who also walk in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had before he was circumcised.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 19:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then children were brought to him that he might lay his hands on them and pray. The disciples rebuked the people,</p> </div> <h5>Mark 10:13-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And they were bringing children to him that he might touch them, and the disciples rebuked them. But when Jesus saw it, he was indignant and said to them, <span class="woc">“Let the children come to me; do not hinder them, for to such belongs the kingdom of God.</span> <span class="woc">Truly, I say to you, whoever does not receive the kingdom of God like a child shall not enter it.”</span> And he took them in his arms and blessed them, laying his hands on them.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 18:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now they were bringing even infants to him that he might touch them. And when the disciples saw it, they rebuked them. But Jesus called them to him, saying, <span class="woc">“Let the children come to me, and do not hinder them, for to such belongs the kingdom of God.</span> <span class="woc">Truly, I say to you, whoever does not receive the kingdom of God like a child shall not enter it.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 7:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the unbelieving husband is made holy because of his wife, and the unbelieving wife is made holy because of her husband. Otherwise your children would be unclean, but as it is, they are holy.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 23 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 28.3 — Of baptism, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/22</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 28: Of Baptism</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> Dipping of the person into the water is not necessary; but baptism is rightly administered by pouring, or sprinkling water upon the person.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 9:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but deal only with food and drink and various washings, regulations for the body imposed until the time of reformation.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 9:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For if the blood of goats and bulls, and the sprinkling of defiled persons with the ashes of a heifer, sanctify for the purification of the flesh,</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 9:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For when every commandment of the law had been declared by Moses to all the people, he took the blood of calves and goats, with water and scarlet wool and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book itself and all the people,</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 9:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And in the same way he sprinkled with the blood both the tent and all the vessels used in worship.</p> </div> <h5>Mark 7:2-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>they saw that some of his disciples ate with hands that were defiled, that is, unwashed. (For the Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat unless they wash their hands properly, holding to the tradition of the elders, and when they come from the marketplace, they do not eat unless they wash. And there are many other traditions that they observe, such as the washing of cups and pots and copper vessels and dining couches.)</p> </div> <h5>Luke 11:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The Pharisee was astonished to see that he did not first wash before dinner.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 22 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 28.2 — Of baptism, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/21</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 28: Of Baptism</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> The outward element to be used in this sacrament is water, wherewith the party is to be baptized, in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost, by a minister of the gospel, lawfully called thereunto.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 10:47</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Can anyone withhold water for baptizing these people, who have received the Holy Spirit just as we have?”</p> </div> <h5>Acts 8:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">And as they were going along the road they came to some water, and the eunuch said, “See, here is water! What prevents me from being baptized?”</p> </div> <h5>Acts 8:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">And he commanded the chariot to stop, and they both went down into the water, Philip and the eunuch, and he baptized him.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 94 + WLC 165 — What is baptism?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/20</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 94.</span> What is baptism?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Baptism is a sacrament, wherein the washing with water in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> doth signify and seal our ingrafting into Christ, and partaking of the benefits of the covenant of grace, and our engagement to be the Lord's.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 165.</span> What is baptism?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Baptism is a sacrament of the new testament, wherein Christ hath ordained the washing with water in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> to be a sign and seal of ingrafting into himself,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> of remission of sins by his blood,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup> and regeneration by his Spirit;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">6</sup> of adoption,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">7</sup> and resurrection unto everlasting life;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">8</sup> and whereby the parties baptized are solemnly admitted into the visible church,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">9</sup> and enter into an open and professed engagement to be wholly and only the Lord's.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">10</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-1"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:38-42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002038.01-1">And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.” And with many other words he bore witness and continued to exhort them, saying, “Save yourselves from this crooked generation.” So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls.</p> <p id="p44002042.06-1">And they devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.</p> </div><h5>Acts 22:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44022016.01-2">And now why do you wait? Rise and be baptized and wash away your sins, calling on his name.’</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006003.01-3">Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003026.01-4">for in Christ Jesus you are all sons of God, through faith. For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60003021.01-5">Baptism, which corresponds to this, now saves you, not as a removal of dirt from the body but as an appeal to God for a good conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-1"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003027.01-1">For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006003.01-2">Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p41001004.01-1">John appeared, baptizing in the wilderness and proclaiming a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66001005.01-2">and from Jesus Christ the faithful witness, the firstborn of the dead, and the ruler of kings on earth.</p> <p id="p66001005.20-2">To him who loves us and has freed us from our sins by his blood</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002038.01-3">And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.</p> </div><h5>Acts 22:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44022016.01-4">And now why do you wait? Rise and be baptized and wash away your sins, calling on his name.’</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60003021.01-5">Baptism, which corresponds to this, now saves you, not as a removal of dirt from the body but as an appeal to God for a good conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003005.01-1">he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005026.01-2">that he might sanctify her, having cleansed her by the washing of water with the word,</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002038.01-3">And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003026.01-1">for in Christ Jesus you are all sons of God, through faith. For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 15:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015029.01-1">Otherwise, what do people mean by being baptized on behalf of the dead? If the dead are not raised at all, why are people baptized on their behalf?</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006005.01-2">For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we shall certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 12:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012013.01-1">For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body—Jews or Greeks, slaves or free—and all were made to drink of one Spirit.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002041.01-2">So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006004.01-1">We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:38-42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002038.01-2">And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.” And with many other words he bore witness and continued to exhort them, saying, “Save yourselves from this crooked generation.” So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls.</p> <p id="p44002042.06-2">And they devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 20 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 28.1 — Of baptism, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/19</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 28: Of Baptism</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> Baptism is a sacrament of the new testament, ordained by Jesus Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> not only for the solemn admission of the party baptized into the visible church;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> but also, to be unto him a sign and seal of the covenant of grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> of his ingrafting into Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> of regeneration,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> of remission of sins,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> and of his giving up unto God, through Jesus Christ, to walk in newness of life.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup> Which sacrament is, by Christ's own appointment, to be continued in his church until the end of the world.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf8">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 12:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body—Jews or Greeks, slaves or free—and all were made to drink of one Spirit.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ. There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is no male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well,</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 2:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In him also you were circumcised with a circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the flesh, by the circumcision of Christ, having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the powerful working of God, who raised him from the dead.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003027.01-1">For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006005.01-2">For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we shall certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God.</span></p> </div> <h5>Titus 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 1:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">John appeared, baptizing in the wilderness and proclaiming a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 22:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And now why do you wait? Rise and be baptized and wash away your sins, calling on his name.’</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 19 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 27.5 — Of the sacraments, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/18</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 27: Of the Sacraments</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> The sacraments of the old testament, in regard of the spiritual things thereby signified and exhibited, were, for substance, the same with those of the new.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I do not want you to be unaware, brothers, that our fathers were all under the cloud, and all passed through the sea, and all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea, and all ate the same spiritual food, and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well,</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 2:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In him also you were circumcised with a circumcision made without hands, by putting off the body of the flesh, by the circumcision of Christ, having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the powerful working of God, who raised him from the dead.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 18 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 93 + WLC 164 — Which are the sacraments of the New Testament?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/17</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 93.</span> Which are the sacraments of the New Testament?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sacraments of the New Testament are, baptism,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and the Lord's Supper.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 164.</span> How many sacraments hath Christ instituted in his church under the new testament?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Under the new testament Christ hath instituted in his church only two sacraments, baptism and the Lord's Supper.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-1"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 11:23-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011023.01-1">For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-1"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011020.01-2">When you come together, it is not the Lord's supper that you eat.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011023.01-3">For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread,</p> </div><h5>Matthew 26:26-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40026026.06-4">Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, <span class="woc">“Take, eat; this is my body.”</span> And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“Drink of it, all of you,</span> <span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 17 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 27.4 — Of the sacraments, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/16</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 27: Of the Sacraments</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> There be only two sacraments ordained by Christ our Lord in the Gospel; that is to say, baptism, and the Supper of the Lord: neither of which may be dispensed by any, but by a minister of the Word lawfully ordained.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 11:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>When you come together, it is not the Lord’s supper that you eat.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 11:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread,</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 4:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>This is how one should regard us, as servants of Christ and stewards of the mysteries of God.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 4:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 16 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 161 + WSC 91 — How do the sacraments become effectual means of salvation?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/15</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 161.</span> How do the sacraments become effectual means of salvation?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sacraments become effectual means of salvation, not by any power in themselves, or any virtue derived from the piety or intention of him by whom they are administered, but only by the working of the Holy Ghost, and the blessing of Christ, by whom they are instituted.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 91.</span> How do the sacraments become effectual means of salvation?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sacraments become effectual means of salvation, not from any virtue in them, or in him that doth administer them; but only by the blessing of Christ, and the working of his Spirit in them that by faith receive them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60003021.01-1">Baptism, which corresponds to this, now saves you, not as a removal of dirt from the body but as an appeal to God for a good conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ,</p> </div><h5>Acts 8:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008013.01-2">Even Simon himself believed, and after being baptized he continued with Philip. And seeing signs and great miracles performed, he was amazed.</p> </div><h5>Acts 8:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008023.01-3">For I see that you are in the gall of bitterness and in the bond of iniquity.”</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 3:5-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46003005.01-4">What then is Apollos? What is Paul? Servants through whom you believed, as the Lord assigned to each. I planted, Apollos watered, but God gave the growth. So neither he who plants nor he who waters is anything, but only God who gives the growth.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 1:12-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46001012.01-5">What I mean is that each one of you says, “I follow Paul,” or “I follow Apollos,” or “I follow Cephas,” or “I follow Christ.” Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Or were you baptized in the name of Paul? I thank God that I baptized none of you except Crispus and Gaius, so that no one may say that you were baptized in my name. (I did baptize also the household of Stephanas. Beyond that, I do not know whether I baptized anyone else.) For Christ did not send me to baptize but to preach the gospel, and not with words of eloquent wisdom, lest the cross of Christ be emptied of its power.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 12:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012013.01-6">For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body—Jews or Greeks, slaves or free—and all were made to drink of one Spirit.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 6:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46006011.01-7">And such were some of you. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 3:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46003007.01-1">So neither he who plants nor he who waters is anything, but only God who gives the growth.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 1:12-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46001012.01-2">What I mean is that each one of you says, “I follow Paul,” or “I follow Apollos,” or “I follow Cephas,” or “I follow Christ.” Is Christ divided? Was Paul crucified for you? Or were you baptized in the name of Paul? I thank God that I baptized none of you except Crispus and Gaius, so that no one may say that you were baptized in my name. (I did baptize also the household of Stephanas. Beyond that, I do not know whether I baptized anyone else.) For Christ did not send me to baptize but to preach the gospel, and not with words of eloquent wisdom, lest the cross of Christ be emptied of its power.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 15 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 27.3 — Of the sacraments, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/14</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 27: Of the Sacraments</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> The grace which is exhibited in or by the sacraments rightly used, is not conferred by any power in them; neither doth the efficacy of a sacrament depend upon the piety or intention of him that doth administer it:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> but upon the work of the Spirit,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and the word of institution, which contains, together with a precept authorizing the use thereof, a promise of benefit to worthy receivers.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 2:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45002028.01-1">For no one is a Jew who is merely one outwardly, nor is circumcision outward and physical. But a Jew is one inwardly, and circumcision is a matter of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the letter. His praise is not from man but from God.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60003021.01-2">Baptism, which corresponds to this, now saves you, not as a removal of dirt from the body but as an appeal to God for a good conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 12:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body—Jews or Greeks, slaves or free—and all were made to drink of one Spirit.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:26-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, <span class="woc">“Take, eat; this is my body.”</span> And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“Drink of it, all of you,</span> <span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span></p> </div> <h5>Luke 22:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 11:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 14 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 27.2 + WLC 163 — What are the parts of a sacrament?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/13</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 27: Of the Sacraments</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> There is, in every sacrament, a spiritual relation, or sacramental union, between the sign and the thing signified: whence it comes to pass, that the names and effects of the one are attributed to the other.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 163.</span> What are the parts of a sacrament?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The parts of a sacrament are two; the one an outward and sensible sign, used according to Christ's own appointment; the other an inward and spiritual grace thereby signified.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 3:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40003011.01-1">“I baptize you with water for repentance, but he who is coming after me is mightier than I, whose sandals I am not worthy to carry. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60003021.01-2">Baptism, which corresponds to this, now saves you, not as a removal of dirt from the body but as an appeal to God for a good conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ,</p> </div><h5>Titus 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56003005.01-3">he saved us, not because of works done by us in righteousness, but according to his own mercy, by the washing of regeneration and renewal of the Holy Spirit,</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 10:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05010016.01-4">Circumcise therefore the foreskin of your heart, and be no longer stubborn.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 30:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05030006.01-5">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God will circumcise your heart and the heart of your offspring, so that you will love the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with all your heart and with all your soul, that you may live.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24004004.01-6">Circumcise yourselves to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>remove the foreskin of your hearts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O men of Judah and inhabitants of Jerusalem;<br/> lest my wrath go forth like fire,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and burn with none to quench it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because of the evil of your deeds.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 17:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>This is my covenant, which you shall keep, between me and you and your offspring after you: Every male among you shall be circumcised.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 26:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“Drink of it, all of you,</span> <span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 10:16-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread. Consider the people of Israel: are not those who eat the sacrifices participants in the altar?</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 13 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 92 + WLC 162 — What is a sacrament?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/12</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 92.</span> What is a sacrament?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> A sacrament is a holy ordinance instituted by Christ;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> wherein by sensible signs, Christ, and the benefits of the new covenant, are represented, sealed, and applied to believers.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 162.</span> What is a sacrament?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> A sacrament is an holy ordinance instituted by Christ in his church,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> to signify, seal, and exhibit<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> unto those that are within the covenant of grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup> the benefits of his mediation;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">6</sup> to strengthen and increase their faith, and all other graces;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">7</sup> to oblige them to obedience;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">8</sup> to testify and cherish their love and communion one with another;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">9</sup> and to distinguish them from those that are without.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">10</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-1"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 26:26-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40026026.06-2">Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, <span class="woc">“Take, eat; this is my body.”</span> And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“Drink of it, all of you,</span> <span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span></p> </div><h5>Mark 14:22-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p41014022.06-3">And as they were eating, he took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to them, and said, <span class="woc">“Take; this is my body.”</span> And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, and they all drank of it. And he said to them, <span class="woc">“This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many.</span> <span class="woc">Truly, I say to you, I will not drink again of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God.”</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 22:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42022019.01-4">And he took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 1:22-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46001022.01-5">For Jews demand signs and Greeks seek wisdom, but we preach Christ crucified, a stumbling block to Jews and folly to Gentiles, but to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God. For the foolishness of God is wiser than men, and the weakness of God is stronger than men.</p> <p id="p46001026.01-5">For consider your calling, brothers: not many of you were wise according to worldly standards, not many were powerful, not many were of noble birth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 3:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003027.01-1">For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010016.01-2">The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 17:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01017007.01-1">And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 17:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01017010.01-2">This is my covenant, which you shall keep, between me and you and your offspring after you: Every male among you shall be circumcised.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p02012001.03-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v02012001-3">12:1 </span>The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Moses and Aaron in the land of Egypt, “This month shall be for you the beginning of months. It shall be the first month of the year for you. Tell all the congregation of Israel that on the tenth day of this month every man shall take a lamb according to their fathers' houses, a lamb for a household. And if the household is too small for a lamb, then he and his nearest neighbor shall take according to the number of persons; according to what each can eat you shall make your count for the lamb. Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male a year old. You may take it from the sheep or from the goats, and you shall keep it until the fourteenth day of this month, when the whole assembly of the congregation of Israel shall kill their lambs at twilight.</p> <p id="p02012007.01-3">“Then they shall take some of the blood and put it on the two doorposts and the lintel of the houses in which they eat it. They shall eat the flesh that night, roasted on the fire; with unleavened bread and bitter herbs they shall eat it. Do not eat any of it raw or boiled in water, but roasted, its head with its legs and its inner parts. And you shall let none of it remain until the morning; anything that remains until the morning you shall burn. In this manner you shall eat it: with your belt fastened, your sandals on your feet, and your staff in your hand. And you shall eat it in haste. It is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s Passover. For I will pass through the land of Egypt that night, and I will strike all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, both man and beast; and on all the gods of Egypt I will execute judgments: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. The blood shall be a sign for you, on the houses where you are. And when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and no plague will befall you to destroy you, when I strike the land of Egypt.</p> <p id="p02012014.01-3">“This day shall be for you a memorial day, and you shall keep it as a feast to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; throughout your generations, as a statute forever, you shall keep it as a feast. Seven days you shall eat unleavened bread. On the first day you shall remove leaven out of your houses, for if anyone eats what is leavened, from the first day until the seventh day, that person shall be cut off from Israel. On the first day you shall hold a holy assembly, and on the seventh day a holy assembly. No work shall be done on those days. But what everyone needs to eat, that alone may be prepared by you. And you shall observe the Feast of Unleavened Bread, for on this very day I brought your hosts out of the land of Egypt. Therefore you shall observe this day, throughout your generations, as a statute forever. In the first month, from the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat unleavened bread until the twenty-first day of the month at evening. For seven days no leaven is to be found in your houses. If anyone eats what is leavened, that person will be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he is a sojourner or a native of the land. You shall eat nothing leavened; in all your dwelling places you shall eat unleavened bread.”</p> <p id="p02012021.01-3">Then Moses called all the elders of Israel and said to them, “Go and select lambs for yourselves according to your clans, and kill the Passover lamb. Take a bunch of hyssop and dip it in the blood that is in the basin, and touch the lintel and the two doorposts with the blood that is in the basin. None of you shall go out of the door of his house until the morning. For the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will pass through to strike the Egyptians, and when he sees the blood on the lintel and on the two doorposts, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will pass over the door and will not allow the destroyer to enter your houses to strike you. You shall observe this rite as a statute for you and for your sons forever. And when you come to the land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will give you, as he has promised, you shall keep this service. And when your children say to you, ‘What do you mean by this service?’ you shall say, ‘It is the sacrifice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>'s Passover, for he passed over the houses of the people of Israel in Egypt, when he struck the Egyptians but spared our houses.’” And the people bowed their heads and worshiped.</p> <p id="p02012028.01-3">Then the people of Israel went and did so; as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> had commanded Moses and Aaron, so they did.</p> <p id="p02012029.08-3">At midnight the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> struck down all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the dungeon, and all the firstborn of the livestock. And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he and all his servants and all the Egyptians. And there was a great cry in Egypt, for there was not a house where someone was not dead. Then he summoned Moses and Aaron by night and said, “Up, go out from among my people, both you and the people of Israel; and go, serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, as you have said. Take your flocks and your herds, as you have said, and be gone, and bless me also!”</p> <p id="p02012033.03-3">The Egyptians were urgent with the people to send them out of the land in haste. For they said, “We shall all be dead.” So the people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading bowls being bound up in their cloaks on their shoulders. The people of Israel had also done as Moses told them, for they had asked the Egyptians for silver and gold jewelry and for clothing. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> had given the people favor in the sight of the Egyptians, so that they let them have what they asked. Thus they plundered the Egyptians.</p> <p id="p02012037.01-3">And the people of Israel journeyed from Rameses to Succoth, about six hundred thousand men on foot, besides women and children. A mixed multitude also went up with them, and very much livestock, both flocks and herds. And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough that they had brought out of Egypt, for it was not leavened, because they were thrust out of Egypt and could not wait, nor had they prepared any provisions for themselves.</p> <p id="p02012040.01-3">The time that the people of Israel lived in Egypt was 430 years. At the end of 430 years, on that very day, all the hosts of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> went out from the land of Egypt. It was a night of watching by the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, to bring them out of the land of Egypt; so this same night is a night of watching kept to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> by all the people of Israel throughout their generations.</p> <p id="p02012043.05-3">And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of the Passover: no foreigner shall eat of it, but every slave that is bought for money may eat of it after you have circumcised him. No foreigner or hired servant may eat of it. It shall be eaten in one house; you shall not take any of the flesh outside the house, and you shall not break any of its bones. All the congregation of Israel shall keep it. If a stranger shall sojourn with you and would keep the Passover to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, let all his males be circumcised. Then he may come near and keep it; he shall be as a native of the land. But no uncircumcised person shall eat of it. There shall be one law for the native and for the stranger who sojourns among you.”</p> <p id="p02012050.01-3">All the people of Israel did just as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> commanded Moses and Aaron. And on that very day the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> brought the people of Israel out of the land of Egypt by their hosts.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-4"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 26:26-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40026026.06-5">Now as they were eating, Jesus took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to the disciples, and said, <span class="woc">“Take, eat; this is my body.”</span> And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“Drink of it, all of you,</span> <span class="woc">for this is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.</span></p> </div><h5>Mark 14:22-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p41014022.06-6">And as they were eating, he took bread, and after blessing it broke it and gave it to them, and said, <span class="woc">“Take; this is my body.”</span> And he took a cup, and when he had given thanks he gave it to them, and they all drank of it. And he said to them, <span class="woc">“This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many.</span> <span class="woc">Truly, I say to you, I will not drink again of the fruit of the vine until that day when I drink it new in the kingdom of God.”</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 22:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42022019.01-7">And he took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to them, saying, <span class="woc">“This is my body, which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> And likewise the cup after they had eaten, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup that is poured out for you is the new covenant in my blood.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:22-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011022.01-8">What! Do you not have houses to eat and drink in? Or do you despise the church of God and humiliate those who have nothing? What shall I say to you? Shall I commend you in this? No, I will not.</p> <p id="p46011023.01-8">For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord's death until he comes.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004011.01-1">He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well,</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011024.01-2">and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 15:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I tell you that Christ became a servant to the circumcised to show God’s truthfulness, in order to confirm the promises given to the patriarchs,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 9:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>This means that it is not the children of the flesh who are the children of God, but the children of the promise are counted as offspring.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And if you are Christ’s, then you are Abraham’s offspring, heirs according to promise.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 12:48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If a stranger shall sojourn with you and would keep the Passover to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, let all his males be circumcised. Then he may come near and keep it; he shall be as a native of the land. But no uncircumcised person shall eat of it.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002038.01-1">And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010016.01-2">The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45004011.01-1">He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well,</p> </div><h5>Galatians 3:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48003027.01-2">For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006003.01-1">Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010021.01-2">You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons. You cannot partake of the table of the Lord and the table of demons.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:2-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004002.01-1">with all humility and gentleness, with patience, bearing with one another in love, eager to maintain the unity of the Spirit in the bond of peace. There is one body and one Spirit—just as you were called to the one hope that belongs to your call— one Lord, one faith, one baptism,</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 12:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012013.01-2">For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body—Jews or Greeks, slaves or free—and all were made to drink of one Spirit.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010016.01-3">The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ? Because there is one bread, we who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49002011.04-1">Therefore remember that at one time you Gentiles in the flesh, called “the uncircumcision” by what is called the circumcision, which is made in the flesh by hands— remember that you were at that time separated from Christ, alienated from the commonwealth of Israel and strangers to the covenants of promise, having no hope and without God in the world.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 34:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01034014.01-2">They said to them, “We cannot do this thing, to give our sister to one who is uncircumcised, for that would be a disgrace to us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 12 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 27.1 — Of the sacraments, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/11</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 27: Of the Sacraments</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> Sacraments are holy signs and seals of the covenant of grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> immediately instituted by God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> to represent Christ, and his benefits; and to confirm our interest in him:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> as also, to put a visible difference between those that belong unto the church, and the rest of the world;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> and solemnly to engage them to the service of God in Christ, according to his Word.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well,</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 17:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you.</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 17:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>This is my covenant, which you shall keep, between me and you and your offspring after you: Every male among you shall be circumcised. You shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskins, and it shall be a sign of the covenant between me and you.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 11:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>having been buried with him in baptism, in which you were also raised with him through faith in the powerful working of God, who raised him from the dead.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 10:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 11:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 12:48</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If a stranger shall sojourn with you and would keep the Passover to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, let all his males be circumcised. Then he may come near and keep it; he shall be as a native of the land. But no uncircumcised person shall eat of it.</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 34:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>They said to them, “We cannot do this thing, to give our sister to one who is uncircumcised, for that would be a disgrace to us.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 10:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons. You cannot partake of the table of the Lord and the table of demons.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 6:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus were baptized into his death? We were buried therefore with him by baptism into death, in order that, just as Christ was raised from the dead by the glory of the Father, we too might walk in newness of life.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For as many of you as were baptized into Christ have put on Christ.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Baptism, which corresponds to this, now saves you, not as a removal of dirt from the body but as an appeal to God for a good conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ,</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 10:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The cup of blessing that we bless, is it not a participation in the blood of Christ? The bread that we break, is it not a participation in the body of Christ?</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 5:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed. Let us therefore celebrate the festival, not with the old leaven, the leaven of malice and evil, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 11 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 160 — What is required of those that hear the Word preached?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/10</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 160.</span> What is required of those that hear the Word preached?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> It is required of those that hear the Word preached, that they attend upon it with diligence,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> preparation,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and prayer;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> examine what they hear by the Scriptures;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> receive the truth with faith,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> love,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> meekness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> and readiness of mind,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> as the Word of God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup> meditate,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">10</sup> and confer of it;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">11</sup> hide it in their hearts,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">12</sup> and bring forth the fruit of it in their lives.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">13</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 8:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20008034.01-1">Blessed is the one who listens to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>watching daily at my gates,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>waiting beside my doors.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 2:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p60002001.08-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v60002001-1">2:1 </span>So put away all malice and all deceit and hypocrisy and envy and all slander. Like newborn infants, long for the pure spiritual milk, that by it you may grow up into salvation—</p> </div><h5>Luke 8:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42008018.01-2"><span class="woc">Take care then how you hear, for to the one who has, more will be given, and from the one who has not, even what he thinks that he has will be taken away.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 119:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119018.01-1">Open my eyes, that I may behold<br/> <span class="indent"></span>wondrous things out of your law.</p> </div> </div><h5>Ephesians 6:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006018.01-2">praying at all times in the Spirit, with all prayer and supplication. To that end keep alert with all perseverance, making supplication for all the saints, and also for me, that words may be given to me in opening my mouth boldly to proclaim the mystery of the gospel,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 17:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017011.01-1">Now these Jews were more noble than those in Thessalonica; they received the word with all eagerness, examining the Scriptures daily to see if these things were so.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58004002.01-1">For good news came to us just as to them, but the message they heard did not benefit them, because they were not united by faith with those who listened.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Thessalonians 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53002010.01-1">and with all wicked deception for those who are perishing, because they refused to love the truth and so be saved.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 1:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001021.01-1">Therefore put away all filthiness and rampant wickedness and receive with meekness the implanted word, which is able to save your souls.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 17:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017011.01-1">Now these Jews were more noble than those in Thessalonica; they received the word with all eagerness, examining the Scriptures daily to see if these things were so.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52002013.01-1">And we also thank God constantly for this, that when you received the word of God, which you heard from us, you accepted it not as the word of men but as what it really is, the word of God, which is at work in you believers.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 9:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42009044.01-1"><span class="woc">“Let these words sink into your ears: The Son of Man is about to be delivered into the hands of men.”</span></p> </div><h5>Hebrews 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58002001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v58002001-2">2:1 </span>Therefore we must pay much closer attention to what we have heard, lest we drift away from it.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 24:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42024014.01-1">and they were talking with each other about all these things that had happened.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 6:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05006006.01-2">And these words that I command you today shall be on your heart. You shall teach them diligently to your children, and shall talk of them when you sit in your house, and when you walk by the way, and when you lie down, and when you rise.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20002001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v20002001-1">2:1 </span>My son, if you receive my words<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and treasure up my commandments with you,</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 119:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119011.01-2">I have stored up your word in my heart,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I might not sin against you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 8:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42008015.01-1"><span class="woc">As for that in the good soil, they are those who, hearing the word, hold it fast in an honest and good heart, and bear fruit with patience.</span></p> </div><h5>James 1:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001025.01-2">But the one who looks into the perfect law, the law of liberty, and perseveres, being no hearer who forgets but a doer who acts, he will be blessed in his doing.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 10 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 159 — How is the Word of God to be preached by those that are called thereunto?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/09</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 159.</span> How is the Word of God to be preached by those that are called thereunto?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> They that are called to labor in the ministry of the Word, are to preach sound doctrine,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> diligently,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> in season and out of season;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> plainly,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> not in the enticing words of man's wisdom, but in demonstration of the Spirit, and of power;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> faithfully,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> making known the whole counsel of God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> wisely,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> applying themselves to the necessities and capacities of the hearers;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup> zealously,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">10</sup> with fervent love to God<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">11</sup> and the souls of his people;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">12</sup> sincerely,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">13</sup> aiming at his glory,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">14</sup> and their conversion,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">15</sup> edification,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">16</sup> and salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">17</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Titus 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p56002001.04-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v56002001-1">2:1 </span>But as for you, teach what accords with sound doctrine.</p> </div><h5>Titus 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p56002008.01-2">and sound speech that cannot be condemned, so that an opponent may be put to shame, having nothing evil to say about us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 18:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44018025.01-1">He had been instructed in the way of the Lord. And being fervent in spirit, he spoke and taught accurately the things concerning Jesus, though he knew only the baptism of John.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55004002.01-1">preach the word; be ready in season and out of season; reprove, rebuke, and exhort, with complete patience and teaching.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 14:9-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46014009.01-1">So with yourselves, if with your tongue you utter speech that is not intelligible, how will anyone know what is said? For you will be speaking into the air. There are doubtless many different languages in the world, and none is without meaning, but if I do not know the meaning of the language, I will be a foreigner to the speaker and the speaker a foreigner to me. So with yourselves, since you are eager for manifestations of the Spirit, strive to excel in building up the church.</p> <p id="p46014013.01-1">Therefore, one who speaks in a tongue should pray for the power to interpret. For if I pray in a tongue, my spirit prays but my mind is unfruitful. What am I to do? I will pray with my spirit, but I will pray with my mind also; I will sing praise with my spirit, but I will sing with my mind also. Otherwise, if you give thanks with your spirit, how can anyone in the position of an outsider say “Amen” to your thanksgiving when he does not know what you are saying? For you may be giving thanks well enough, but the other person is not being built up. I thank God that I speak in tongues more than all of you. Nevertheless, in church I would rather speak five words with my mind in order to instruct others, than ten thousand words in a tongue.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 2:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46002004.01-1">and my speech and my message were not in plausible words of wisdom, but in demonstration of the Spirit and of power,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 23:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24023028.01-1">Let the prophet who has a dream tell the dream, but let him who has my word speak my word faithfully. What has straw in common with wheat? declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 4:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46004001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v46004001-2">4:1 </span>This is how one should regard us, as servants of Christ and stewards of the mysteries of God. Moreover, it is required of stewards that they be found trustworthy.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 20:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44020027.01-1">for I did not shrink from declaring to you the whole counsel of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 1:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001028.01-1">Him we proclaim, warning everyone and teaching everyone with all wisdom, that we may present everyone mature in Christ.</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 2:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55002015.01-2">Do your best to present yourself to God as one approved, a worker who has no need to be ashamed, rightly handling the word of truth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46003002.01-1">I fed you with milk, not solid food, for you were not ready for it. And even now you are not yet ready,</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 5:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58005012.01-2">For though by this time you ought to be teachers, you need someone to teach you again the basic principles of the oracles of God. You need milk, not solid food, for everyone who lives on milk is unskilled in the word of righteousness, since he is a child. But solid food is for the mature, for those who have their powers of discernment trained by constant practice to distinguish good from evil.</p> </div><h5>Luke 12:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42012042.01-3">And the Lord said, <span class="woc">“Who then is the faithful and wise manager, whom his master will set over his household, to give them their portion of food at the proper time?</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 18:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44018025.01-1">He had been instructed in the way of the Lord. And being fervent in spirit, he spoke and taught accurately the things concerning Jesus, though he knew only the baptism of John.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 119:139</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119139.01-2">My zeal consumes me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because my foes forget your words.</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Timothy 4:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55004005.01-3">As for you, always be sober-minded, endure suffering, do the work of an evangelist, fulfill your ministry.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 5:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005013.01-1">For if we are beside ourselves, it is for God; if we are in our right mind, it is for you. For the love of Christ controls us, because we have concluded this: that one has died for all, therefore all have died;</p> </div><h5>Philippians 1:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50001015.01-2">Some indeed preach Christ from envy and rivalry, but others from good will. The latter do it out of love, knowing that I am put here for the defense of the gospel. The former proclaim Christ out of rivalry, not sincerely but thinking to afflict me in my imprisonment.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51004012.01-1">Epaphras, who is one of you, a servant of Christ Jesus, greets you, always struggling on your behalf in his prayers, that you may stand mature and fully assured in all the will of God.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 12:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47012015.01-2">I will most gladly spend and be spent for your souls. If I love you more, am I to be loved less?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47002017.01-1">For we are not, like so many, peddlers of God's word, but as men of sincerity, as commissioned by God, in the sight of God we speak in Christ.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47004002.01-2">But we have renounced disgraceful, underhanded ways. We refuse to practice cunning or to tamper with God's word, but by the open statement of the truth we would commend ourselves to everyone's conscience in the sight of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 2:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52002004.01-1">but just as we have been approved by God to be entrusted with the gospel, so we speak, not to please man, but to please God who tests our hearts. For we never came with words of flattery, as you know, nor with a pretext for greed—God is witness. Nor did we seek glory from people, whether from you or from others, though we could have made demands as apostles of Christ.</p> </div><h5>John 7:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43007018.01-2"><span class="woc">The one who speaks on his own authority seeks his own glory; but the one who seeks the glory of him who sent him is true, and in him there is no falsehood.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 9:19-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46009019.01-1">For though I am free from all, I have made myself a servant to all, that I might win more of them. To the Jews I became as a Jew, in order to win Jews. To those under the law I became as one under the law (though not being myself under the law) that I might win those under the law. To those outside the law I became as one outside the law (not being outside the law of God but under the law of Christ) that I might win those outside the law. To the weak I became weak, that I might win the weak. I have become all things to all people, that by all means I might save some.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 12:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47012019.01-1">Have you been thinking all along that we have been defending ourselves to you? It is in the sight of God that we have been speaking in Christ, and all for your upbuilding, beloved.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004012.01-2">to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54004016.01-1">Keep a close watch on yourself and on the teaching. Persist in this, for by so doing you will save both yourself and your hearers.</p> </div><h5>Acts 26:16-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44026016.01-2"><span class="woc">But rise and stand upon your feet, for I have appeared to you for this purpose, to appoint you as a servant and witness to the things in which you have seen me and to those in which I will appear to you,</span> <span class="woc">delivering you from your people and from the Gentiles—to whom I am sending you</span> <span class="woc">to open their eyes, so that they may turn from darkness to light and from the power of Satan to God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a place among those who are sanctified by faith in me.’</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 09 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 158 — By whom is the Word of God to be preached?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/08</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 158.</span> By whom is the Word of God to be preached?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Word of God is to be preached only by such as are sufficiently gifted,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and also duly approved and called to that office.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54003002.01-1">Therefore an overseer must be above reproach, the husband of one wife, sober-minded, self-controlled, respectable, hospitable, able to teach,</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54003006.01-2">He must not be a recent convert, or he may become puffed up with conceit and fall into the condemnation of the devil.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:8-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004008.01-3">Therefore it says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p49004008.04-3">“When he ascended on high he led a host of captives,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he gave gifts to men.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p49004009.01-3">(In saying, “He ascended,” what does it mean but that he had also descended into the lower regions, the earth? He who descended is the one who also ascended far above all the heavens, that he might fill all things.) And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers,</p> </div><h5>Malachi 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39002007.01-4">For the lips of a priest should guard knowledge, and people should seek instruction from his mouth, for he is the messenger of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 3:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47003006.01-5">who has made us competent to be ministers of a new covenant, not of the letter but of the Spirit. For the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life.</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 2:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55002002.01-6">and what you have heard from me in the presence of many witnesses entrust to faithful men who will be able to teach others also.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 14:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24014015.01-1">Therefore thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> concerning the prophets who prophesy in my name although I did not send them, and who say, ‘Sword and famine shall not come upon this land’: By sword and famine those prophets shall be consumed.</p> </div><h5>Romans 10:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010015.01-2">And how are they to preach unless they are sent? As it is written, “How beautiful are the feet of those who preach the good news!”</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 5:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58005004.01-3">And no one takes this honor for himself, but only when called by God, just as Aaron was.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 12:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012028.01-4">And God has appointed in the church first apostles, second prophets, third teachers, then miracles, then gifts of healing, helping, administrating, and various kinds of tongues. Are all apostles? Are all prophets? Are all teachers? Do all work miracles?</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54003010.01-5">And let them also be tested first; then let them serve as deacons if they prove themselves blameless.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 4:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54004014.01-6">Do not neglect the gift you have, which was given you by prophecy when the council of elders laid their hands on you.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 5:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54005022.01-7">Do not be hasty in the laying on of hands, nor take part in the sins of others; keep yourself pure.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 08 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 90 + WLC 157 — How is the Word to be read and heard, that it may become effectual to salvation?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/07</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 90.</span> How is the word to be read and heard, that it may become effectual to salvation?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> That the Word may become effectual to salvation, we must attend thereunto with diligence, preparation, and prayer;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> receive it with faith and love, lay it up in our hearts, and practice it in our lives.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 157.</span> How is the Word of God to be read?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Holy Scriptures are to be read with an high and reverent esteem of them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> with a firm persuasion that they are the very Word of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> and that he only can enable us to understand them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup> with desire to know, believe, and obey the will of God revealed in them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">6</sup> with diligence,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">7</sup> and attention to the matter and scope of them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">8</sup> with meditation,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">9</sup> application,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">10</sup> self-denial,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">11</sup> and prayer.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">12</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 6:16-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05006016.01-1">“You shall not put the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God to the test, as you tested him at Massah. You shall diligently keep the commandments of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, and his testimonies and his statutes, which he has commanded you. And you shall do what is right and good in the sight of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, that it may go well with you, and that you may go in and take possession of the good land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> swore to give to your fathers by thrusting out all your enemies from before you, as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has promised.</p> <p id="p05006020.01-1">“When your son asks you in time to come, ‘What is the meaning of the testimonies and the statutes and the rules that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God has commanded you?’ then you shall say to your son, ‘We were Pharaoh's slaves in Egypt. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> showed signs and wonders, great and grievous, against Egypt and against Pharaoh and all his household, before our eyes. And he brought us out from there, that he might bring us in and give us the land that he swore to give to our fathers. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> commanded us to do all these statutes, to fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, for our good always, that he might preserve us alive, as we are this day. And it will be righteousness for us, if we are careful to do all this commandment before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, as he has commanded us.’</p> </div><h5>Psalm 119:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119018.01-2">Open my eyes, that I may behold<br/> <span class="indent"></span>wondrous things out of your law.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Peter 2:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p60002001.08-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v60002001-3">2:1 </span>So put away all malice and all deceit and hypocrisy and envy and all slander. Like newborn infants, long for the pure spiritual milk, that by it you may grow up into salvation—  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 119:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119011.01-1">I have stored up your word in my heart,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I might not sin against you.</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 2:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53002010.01-2">and with all wicked deception for those who are perishing, because they refused to love the truth and so be saved.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58004002.01-3">For good news came to us just as to them, but the message they heard did not benefit them, because they were not united by faith with those who listened.</p> </div><h5>James 1:22-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001022.01-4">But be doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourselves. For if anyone is a hearer of the word and not a doer, he is like a man who looks intently at his natural face in a mirror. For he looks at himself and goes away and at once forgets what he was like. But the one who looks into the perfect law, the law of liberty, and perseveres, being no hearer who forgets but a doer who acts, he will be blessed in his doing.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 119:97</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Oh how I love your law!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>It is my meditation all the day.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 19:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">More to be desired are they than gold,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>even much fine gold;<br/> sweeter also than honey<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and drippings of the honeycomb.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Exodus 24:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then he took the Book of the Covenant and read it in the hearing of the people. And they said, “All that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has spoken we will do, and we will be obedient.”</p> </div> <h5>2 Chronicles 34:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>because your heart was tender and you humbled yourself before God when you heard his words against this place and its inhabitants, and you have humbled yourself before me and have torn your clothes and wept before me, I also have heard you, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 66:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">All these things my hand has made,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and so all these things came to be,<br/> declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.<br/> But this is the one to whom I will look:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he who is humble and contrite in spirit<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and trembles at my word.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Nehemiah 8:3-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he read from it facing the square before the Water Gate from early morning until midday, in the presence of the men and the women and those who could understand. And the ears of all the people were attentive to the Book of the Law. And Ezra the scribe stood on a wooden platform that they had made for the purpose. And beside him stood Mattithiah, Shema, Anaiah, Uriah, Hilkiah, and Maaseiah on his right hand, and Pedaiah, Mishael, Malchijah, Hashum, Hashbaddanah, Zechariah, and Meshullam on his left hand. And Ezra opened the book in the sight of all the people, for he was above all the people, and as he opened it all the people stood. And Ezra blessed the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the great God, and all the people answered, “Amen, Amen,” lifting up their hands. And they bowed their heads and worshiped the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> with their faces to the ground. Also Jeshua, Bani, Sherebiah, Jamin, Akkub, Shabbethai, Hodiah, Maaseiah, Kelita, Azariah, Jozabad, Hanan, Pelaiah, the Levites, helped the people to understand the Law, while the people remained in their places. They read from the book, from the Law of God, clearly, and they gave the sense, so that the people understood the reading.</p> <p>And Nehemiah, who was the governor, and Ezra the priest and scribe, and the Levites who taught the people said to all the people, “This day is holy to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God; do not mourn or weep.” For all the people wept as they heard the words of the Law. Then he said to them, “Go your way. Eat the fat and drink sweet wine and send portions to anyone who has nothing ready, for this day is holy to our Lord. And do not be grieved, for the joy of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is your strength.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Peter 1:19-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61001019.01-1">And we have the prophetic word more fully confirmed, to which you will do well to pay attention as to a lamp shining in a dark place, until the day dawns and the morning star rises in your hearts, knowing this first of all, that no prophecy of Scripture comes from someone's own interpretation. For no prophecy was ever produced by the will of man, but men spoke from God as they were carried along by the Holy Spirit.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40004004.01-2">But he answered, <span class="woc">“It is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40004004.07-2"><span class="woc">“‘Man shall not live by bread alone,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but by every word that comes from the mouth of God.’”</span></p> </div> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52002013.01-3">And we also thank God constantly for this, that when you received the word of God, which you heard from us, you accepted it not as the word of men but as what it really is, the word of God, which is at work in you believers.</p> </div><h5>Mark 7:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41007013.01-4"><span class="woc">thus making void the word of God by your tradition that you have handed down. And many such things you do.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 24:45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42024045.01-1">Then he opened their minds to understand the Scriptures,</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 3:13-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47003013.01-2">not like Moses, who would put a veil over his face so that the Israelites might not gaze at the outcome of what was being brought to an end. But their minds were hardened. For to this day, when they read the old covenant, that same veil remains unlifted, because only through Christ is it taken away. Yes, to this day whenever Moses is read a veil lies over their hearts. But when one turns to the Lord, the veil is removed.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 17:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05017010.01-1">Then you shall do according to what they declare to you from that place that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will choose. And you shall be careful to do according to all that they direct you.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 17:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05017020.01-2">that his heart may not be lifted up above his brothers, and that he may not turn aside from the commandment, either to the right hand or to the left, so that he may continue long in his kingdom, he and his children, in Israel.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 17:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44017011.01-1">Now these Jews were more noble than those in Thessalonica; they received the word with all eagerness, examining the Scriptures daily to see if these things were so.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 8:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008030.01-1">So Philip ran to him and heard him reading Isaiah the prophet and asked, “Do you understand what you are reading?”</p> </div><h5>Acts 8:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p44008034.01-2">And the eunuch said to Philip, “About whom, I ask you, does the prophet say this, about himself or about someone else?”</p> </div><h5>Luke 10:26-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42010026.01-3">He said to him, <span class="woc">“What is written in the Law? How do you read it?”</span> And he answered, “You shall love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your strength and with all your mind, and your neighbor as yourself.” And he said to him, <span class="woc">“You have answered correctly; do this, and you will live.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19001002.01-1">but his delight is in the law of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and on his law he meditates day and night.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 119:97</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119097.02-2">Oh how I love your law!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>It is my meditation all the day.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Chronicles 34:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14034021.01-1">“Go, inquire of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> for me and for those who are left in Israel and in Judah, concerning the words of the book that has been found. For great is the wrath of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> that is poured out on us, because our fathers have not kept the word of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, to do according to all that is written in this book.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20003005.01-1">Trust in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> with all your heart,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not lean on your own understanding.</p> </div> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 33:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p05033003.01-2">Yes, he loved his people,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all his holy ones were in his hand;<br/> so they followed in your steps,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>receiving direction from you,</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 16:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40016024.08-3">Then Jesus told his disciples, <span class="woc">“If anyone would come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross and follow me.</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 9:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42009023.08-4">And he said to all, <span class="woc">“If anyone would come after me, let him deny himself and take up his cross daily and follow me.</span></p> </div><h5>Galatians 1:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48001015.01-5">But when he who had set me apart before I was born, and who called me by his grace, was pleased to reveal his Son to me, in order that I might preach him among the Gentiles, I did not immediately consult with anyone;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 2:1-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20002001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v20002001-1">2:1 </span>My son, if you receive my words<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and treasure up my commandments with you,<br/>  making your ear attentive to wisdom<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and inclining your heart to understanding;<br/>  yes, if you call out for insight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and raise your voice for understanding,<br/>  if you seek it like silver<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and search for it as for hidden treasures,<br/>  then you will understand the fear of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>and find the knowledge of God.<br/>  For the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> gives wisdom;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from his mouth come knowledge and understanding;</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 119:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119018.01-2">Open my eyes, that I may behold<br/> <span class="indent"></span>wondrous things out of your law.</p> </div> </div><h5>Nehemiah 8:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16008006.01-3">And Ezra blessed the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the great God, and all the people answered, “Amen, Amen,” lifting up their hands. And they bowed their heads and worshiped the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> with their faces to the ground.</p> </div><h5>Nehemiah 8:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16008008.01-4">They read from the book, from the Law of God, clearly, and they gave the sense, so that the people understood the reading.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 07 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 156 — Is the Word of God to be read by all?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/06</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 156.</span> Is the Word of God to be read by all?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Although all are not to be permitted to read the Word publicly to the congregation,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> yet all sorts of people are bound to read it apart by themselves,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and with their families:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> to which end, the Holy Scriptures are to be translated out of the original into vulgar languages.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 31:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05031009.06-1">Then Moses wrote this law and gave it to the priests, the sons of Levi, who carried the ark of the covenant of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and to all the elders of Israel.</p> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 31:11-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05031011.01-2">when all Israel comes to appear before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God at the place that he will choose, you shall read this law before all Israel in their hearing. Assemble the people, men, women, and little ones, and the sojourner within your towns, that they may hear and learn to fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, and be careful to do all the words of this law, and that their children, who have not known it, may hear and learn to fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, as long as you live in the land that you are going over the Jordan to possess.”</p> </div><h5>Nehemiah 8:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16008002.01-3">So Ezra the priest brought the Law before the assembly, both men and women and all who could understand what they heard, on the first day of the seventh month. And he read from it facing the square before the Water Gate from early morning until midday, in the presence of the men and the women and those who could understand. And the ears of all the people were attentive to the Book of the Law.</p> </div><h5>Nehemiah 9:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16009003.01-4">And they stood up in their place and read from the Book of the Law of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> their God for a quarter of the day; for another quarter of it they made confession and worshiped the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> their God. On the stairs of the Levites stood Jeshua, Bani, Kadmiel, Shebaniah, Bunni, Sherebiah, Bani, and Chenani; and they cried with a loud voice to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> their God. Then the Levites, Jeshua, Kadmiel, Bani, Hashabneiah, Sherebiah, Hodiah, Shebaniah, and Pethahiah, said, “Stand up and bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God from everlasting to everlasting. Blessed be your glorious name, which is exalted above all blessing and praise.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 17:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05017019.01-1">And it shall be with him, and he shall read in it all the days of his life, that he may learn to fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> his God by keeping all the words of this law and these statutes, and doing them,</p> </div><h5>Revelation 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66001003.01-2">Blessed is the one who reads aloud the words of this prophecy, and blessed are those who hear, and who keep what is written in it, for the time is near.</p> </div><h5>John 5:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43005039.01-3"><span class="woc">You search the Scriptures because you think that in them you have eternal life; and it is they that bear witness about me,</span></p> </div><h5>Isaiah 34:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23034016.01-4">Seek and read from the book of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Not one of these shall be missing;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>none shall be without her mate.<br/> For the mouth of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has commanded,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his Spirit has gathered them.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 6:6-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05006006.01-1">And these words that I command you today shall be on your heart. You shall teach them diligently to your children, and shall talk of them when you sit in your house, and when you walk by the way, and when you lie down, and when you rise. You shall bind them as a sign on your hand, and they shall be as frontlets between your eyes. You shall write them on the doorposts of your house and on your gates.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 18:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01018017.01-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said, “Shall I hide from Abraham what I am about to do,</p> </div><h5>Genesis 18:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01018019.01-3">For I have chosen him, that he may command his children and his household after him to keep the way of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> by doing righteousness and justice, so that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> may bring to Abraham what he has promised him.”</p> </div><h5>Psalm 78:5-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19078005.01-4">He established a testimony in Jacob<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and appointed a law in Israel,<br/> which he commanded our fathers<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to teach to their children,<br/>  that the next generation might know them,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the children yet unborn,<br/> and arise and tell them to their children,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so that they should set their hope in God<br/> and not forget the works of God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but keep his commandments;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 14:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46014006.01-1">Now, brothers, if I come to you speaking in tongues, how will I benefit you unless I bring you some revelation or knowledge or prophecy or teaching?</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 14:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46014009.01-2">So with yourselves, if with your tongue you utter speech that is not intelligible, how will anyone know what is said? For you will be speaking into the air.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 14:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46014011.01-3">but if I do not know the meaning of the language, I will be a foreigner to the speaker and the speaker a foreigner to me. So with yourselves, since you are eager for manifestations of the Spirit, strive to excel in building up the church.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 14:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46014015.01-4">What am I to do? I will pray with my spirit, but I will pray with my mind also; I will sing praise with my spirit, but I will sing with my mind also. Otherwise, if you give thanks with your spirit, how can anyone in the position of an outsider say “Amen” to your thanksgiving when he does not know what you are saying?</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 14:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46014024.01-5">But if all prophesy, and an unbeliever or outsider enters, he is convicted by all, he is called to account by all,</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 14:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46014027.01-6">If any speak in a tongue, let there be only two or at most three, and each in turn, and let someone interpret. But if there is no one to interpret, let each of them keep silent in church and speak to himself and to God.</p> </div><h5>Nehemiah 8:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16008008.01-7">They read from the book, from the Law of God, clearly, and they gave the sense, so that the people understood the reading.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 06 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 89 + WLC 155 — How is the Word made effectual to salvation?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/05</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 89.</span> How is the word made effectual to salvation?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Spirit of God maketh the reading, but especially the preaching, of the Word, an effectual means of convincing and converting sinners, and of building them up in holiness and comfort, through faith, unto salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 155.</span> How is the Word made effectual to salvation?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Spirit of God maketh the reading, but especially the preaching of the Word, an effectual means of enlightening,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup> convincing, and humbling sinners;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> of driving them out of themselves, and drawing them unto Christ;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> of conforming them to his image,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> and subduing them to his will;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> of strengthening them against temptations and corruptions;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> of building them up in grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> and establishing their hearts in holiness and comfort through faith unto salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Nehemiah 8:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16008008.01-1">They read from the book, from the Law of God, clearly, and they gave the sense, so that the people understood the reading.</p> <p id="p16008009.05-1">And Nehemiah, who was the governor, and Ezra the priest and scribe, and the Levites who taught the people said to all the people, “This day is holy to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God; do not mourn or weep.” For all the people wept as they heard the words of the Law.</p> </div><h5>Acts 20:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44020032.01-2">And now I commend you to God and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up and to give you the inheritance among all those who are sanctified.</p> </div><h5>Romans 10:14-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010014.01-3">How then will they call on him in whom they have not believed? And how are they to believe in him of whom they have never heard? And how are they to hear without someone preaching? And how are they to preach unless they are sent? As it is written, “How beautiful are the feet of those who preach the good news!” But they have not all obeyed the gospel. For Isaiah says, “Lord, who has believed what he has heard from us?” So faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ.</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 3:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003015.01-4">and how from childhood you have been acquainted with the sacred writings, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus. All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be competent, equipped for every good work.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Nehemiah 8:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16008008.01-1">They read from the book, from the Law of God, clearly, and they gave the sense, so that the people understood the reading.</p> </div><h5>Acts 26:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44026018.01-2"><span class="woc">to open their eyes, so that they may turn from darkness to light and from the power of Satan to God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins and a place among those who are sanctified by faith in me.’</span></p> </div><h5>Psalm 19:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19019008.01-3">the precepts of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> are right,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>rejoicing the heart;<br/> the commandment of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is pure,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>enlightening the eyes;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 14:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46014024.01-1">But if all prophesy, and an unbeliever or outsider enters, he is convicted by all, he is called to account by all, the secrets of his heart are disclosed, and so, falling on his face, he will worship God and declare that God is really among you.</p> </div><h5>2 Chronicles 34:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14034018.01-2">Then Shaphan the secretary told the king, “Hilkiah the priest has given me a book.” And Shaphan read from it before the king.</p> <p id="p14034019.01-2">And when the king heard the words of the Law, he tore his clothes.</p> </div><h5>2 Chronicles 34:26-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14034026.01-3">But to the king of Judah, who sent you to inquire of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, thus shall you say to him, Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel: Regarding the words that you have heard, because your heart was tender and you humbled yourself before God when you heard his words against this place and its inhabitants, and you have humbled yourself before me and have torn your clothes and wept before me, I also have heard you, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. Behold, I will gather you to your fathers, and you shall be gathered to your grave in peace, and your eyes shall not see all the disaster that I will bring upon this place and its inhabitants.’” And they brought back word to the king.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002037.01-1">Now when they heard this they were cut to the heart, and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, “Brothers, what shall we do?”</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002041.01-2">So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls.</p> </div><h5>Acts 8:27-38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44008027.01-3">And he rose and went. And there was an Ethiopian, a eunuch, a court official of Candace, queen of the Ethiopians, who was in charge of all her treasure. He had come to Jerusalem to worship and was returning, seated in his chariot, and he was reading the prophet Isaiah. And the Spirit said to Philip, “Go over and join this chariot.” So Philip ran to him and heard him reading Isaiah the prophet and asked, “Do you understand what you are reading?” And he said, “How can I, unless someone guides me?” And he invited Philip to come up and sit with him. Now the passage of the Scripture that he was reading was this:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44008032.13-3">“Like a sheep he was led to the slaughter<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and like a lamb before its shearer is silent,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so he opens not his mouth.<br/>  In his humiliation justice was denied him.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who can describe his generation?<br/> For his life is taken away from the earth.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p44008034.01-3">And the eunuch said to Philip, “About whom, I ask you, does the prophet say this, about himself or about someone else?” Then Philip opened his mouth, and beginning with this Scripture he told him the good news about Jesus. And as they were going along the road they came to some water, and the eunuch said, “See, here is water! What prevents me from being baptized?” And he commanded the chariot to stop, and they both went down into the water, Philip and the eunuch, and he baptized him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 3:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47003018.01-1">And we all, with unveiled face, beholding the glory of the Lord, are being transformed into the same image from one degree of glory to another. For this comes from the Lord who is the Spirit.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 1:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001027.01-2">To them God chose to make known how great among the Gentiles are the riches of the glory of this mystery, which is Christ in you, the hope of glory.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 10:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47010004.01-1">For the weapons of our warfare are not of the flesh but have divine power to destroy strongholds. We destroy arguments and every lofty opinion raised against the knowledge of God, and take every thought captive to obey Christ, being ready to punish every disobedience, when your obedience is complete.</p> </div><h5>Romans 6:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45006017.01-2">But thanks be to God, that you who were once slaves of sin have become obedient from the heart to the standard of teaching to which you were committed, and, having been set free from sin, have become slaves of righteousness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 6:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006016.01-1">In all circumstances take up the shield of faith, with which you can extinguish all the flaming darts of the evil one; and take the helmet of salvation, and the sword of the Spirit, which is the word of God,</p> </div><h5>Colossians 1:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001028.01-2">Him we proclaim, warning everyone and teaching everyone with all wisdom, that we may present everyone mature in Christ.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 19:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19019011.01-3">Moreover, by them is your servant warned;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in keeping them there is great reward.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 4:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40004004.01-4">But he answered, <span class="woc">“It is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40004004.07-4"><span class="woc">“‘Man shall not live by bread alone,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but by every word that comes from the mouth of God.’”</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 4:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p40004007.01-5">Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Again it is written, ‘You shall not put the Lord your God to the test.’”</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 4:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40004010.01-6">Then Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Be gone, Satan! For it is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40004010.13-6"><span class="woc">“‘You shall worship the Lord your God<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and him only shall you serve.’”</span></p> </div> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010011.01-7">Now these things happened to them as an example, but they were written down for our instruction, on whom the end of the ages has come.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004011.01-1">And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ,</p> </div><h5>Acts 20:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44020032.01-2">And now I commend you to God and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up and to give you the inheritance among all those who are sanctified.</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 3:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p55003015.01-3">and how from childhood you have been acquainted with the sacred writings, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus. All Scripture is breathed out by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, and for training in righteousness, that the man of God may be competent, equipped for every good work.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 16:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45016025.02-1">Now to him who is able to strengthen you according to my gospel and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery that was kept secret for long ages</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52003002.01-2">and we sent Timothy, our brother and God's coworker in the gospel of Christ, to establish and exhort you in your faith,</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 3:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52003010.01-3">as we pray most earnestly night and day that we may see you face to face and supply what is lacking in your faith?</p> <p id="p52003011.01-3">Now may our God and Father himself, and our Lord Jesus, direct our way to you,</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52003013.01-4">so that he may establish your hearts blameless in holiness before our God and Father, at the coming of our Lord Jesus with all his saints.</p> </div><h5>Romans 15:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45015004.01-5">For whatever was written in former days was written for our instruction, that through endurance and through the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope.</p> </div><h5>Romans 10:13-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010013.01-6">For “everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.”</p> <p id="p45010014.01-6">How then will they call on him in whom they have not believed? And how are they to believe in him of whom they have never heard? And how are they to hear without someone preaching? And how are they to preach unless they are sent? As it is written, “How beautiful are the feet of those who preach the good news!” But they have not all obeyed the gospel. For Isaiah says, “Lord, who has believed what he has heard from us?” So faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ.</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45001016.07-7">For I am not ashamed of the gospel, for it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 05 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 88 + WLC 154 — What are the outward means whereby Christ communicates the benefits of his mediation?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/04</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 88.</span> What are the outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption are, his ordinances, especially the Word, sacraments, and prayer; all which are made effectual to the elect for salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 154.</span> What are the outward means whereby Christ communicates to us the benefits of his mediation?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The outward and ordinary means whereby Christ communicates to his church the benefits of his mediation, are all his ordinances; especially the Word, sacraments, and prayer; all which are made effectual to the elect for their salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:18-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028018.01-1">And Jesus came and said to them, <span class="woc">“All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me.</span> <span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 2:41-42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002041.01-2">So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls.</p> <p id="p44002042.06-2">And they devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-1"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 2:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44002042.06-2">And they devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:46-47</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002046.01-3">And day by day, attending the temple together and breaking bread in their homes, they received their food with glad and generous hearts, praising God and having favor with all the people. And the Lord added to their number day by day those who were being saved.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 04 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 85 + WLC 153 — What doth God require of us that we may escape his wrath and curse due to us for sin?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/03</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 85.</span> What doth God require of us that we may escape his wrath and curse due to us for sin?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> To escape the wrath and curse of God, due to us for sin, God requireth of us faith in Jesus Christ, repentance unto life,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> with the diligent use of all the outward means whereby Christ communicateth to us the benefits of redemption.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 153.</span> What doth God require of us, that we may escape his wrath and curse due to us by reason of the transgression of the law?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> That we may escape the wrath and curse of God due to us by reason of the transgression of the law, he requireth of us repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> and the diligent use of the outward means whereby Christ communicates to us the benefits of his mediation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 1:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41001015.01-1">and saying, <span class="woc">“The time is fulfilled, and the kingdom of God is at hand; repent and believe in the gospel.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 20:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44020021.01-2">testifying both to Jews and to Greeks of repentance toward God and of faith in our Lord Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002038.01-1">And Peter said to them, “Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011024.01-2">and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span></p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003016.01-3">Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly, teaching and admonishing one another in all wisdom, singing psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, with thankfulness in your hearts to God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 20:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44020021.01-1">testifying both to Jews and to Greeks of repentance toward God and of faith in our Lord Jesus Christ.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 3:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40003007.01-2">But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his baptism, he said to them, “You brood of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the wrath to come? Bear fruit in keeping with repentance.</p> </div><h5>Luke 13:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42013003.01-3"><span class="woc">No, I tell you; but unless you repent, you will all likewise perish.</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 13:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42013005.01-4"><span class="woc">No, I tell you; but unless you repent, you will all likewise perish.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 16:30-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44016030.01-5">Then he brought them out and said, “Sirs, what must I do to be saved?” And they said, “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved, you and your household.”</p> </div><h5>John 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p43003016.07-6"><span class="woc">“For God so loved the world, that he gave his only Son, that whoever believes in him should not perish but have eternal life.</span></p> </div><h5>John 3:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43003018.01-7"><span class="woc">Whoever believes in him is not condemned, but whoever does not believe is condemned already, because he has not believed in the name of the only Son of God.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 2:1-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20002001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v20002001-1">2:1 </span>My son, if you receive my words<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and treasure up my commandments with you,<br/>  making your ear attentive to wisdom<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and inclining your heart to understanding;<br/>  yes, if you call out for insight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and raise your voice for understanding,<br/>  if you seek it like silver<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and search for it as for hidden treasures,<br/>  then you will understand the fear of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>and find the knowledge of God.</p> </div> </div><h5>Proverbs 8:33-36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20008033.01-2">Hear instruction and be wise,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and do not neglect it.<br/>  Blessed is the one who listens to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>watching daily at my gates,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>waiting beside my doors.<br/>  For whoever finds me finds life<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and obtains favor from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/>  but he who fails to find me injures himself;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all who hate me love death.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 03 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 38 + WLC 90 — What benefits do believers receive from Christ at the resurrection?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/02</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 38.</span> What benefits do believers receive from Christ at the resurrection?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> At the resurrection, believers, being raised up in glory,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> shall be openly acknowledged and acquitted in the day of judgment,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> and made perfectly blessed in the full enjoying of God<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> to all eternity.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 90.</span> What shall be done to the righteous at the day of judgment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> At the day of judgment, the righteous, being caught up to Christ in the clouds,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">5</sup> shall be set on his right hand, and there openly acknowledged and acquitted,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">6</sup> shall join with him in the judging of reprobate angels and men,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">7</sup> and shall be received into heaven,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">8</sup> where they shall be fully and forever freed from all sin and misery;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">9</sup> filled with inconceivable joys,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">10</sup> made perfectly holy and happy both in body and soul, in the company of innumerable saints and holy angels,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">11</sup> but especially in the immediate vision and fruition of God the Father, of our Lord Jesus Christ, and of the Holy Spirit, to all eternity.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">12</sup> And this is the perfect and full communion, which the members of the invisible church shall enjoy with Christ in glory, at the resurrection and day of judgment.</p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 15:42-43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015042.01-1">So is it with the resurrection of the dead. What is sown is perishable; what is raised is imperishable. It is sown in dishonor; it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness; it is raised in power.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:33-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025033.01-1"><span class="woc">And he will place the sheep on his right, but the goats on the left.</span> <span class="woc">Then the King will say to those on his right, ‘Come, you who are blessed by my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 25:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025046.01-2"><span class="woc">And these will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008029.01-1">For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among many brothers.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003002.01-2">Beloved, we are God's children now, and what we will be has not yet appeared; but we know that when he appears we shall be like him, because we shall see him as he is.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 16:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19016011.01-1">You make known to me the path of life;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in your presence there is fullness of joy;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>at your right hand are pleasures forevermore.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004017.01-2">Then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will always be with the Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004017.01-1">Then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will always be with the Lord.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 15:42-43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015042.01-2">So is it with the resurrection of the dead. What is sown is perishable; what is raised is imperishable. It is sown in dishonor; it is raised in glory. It is sown in weakness; it is raised in power.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025033.01-1"><span class="woc">And he will place the sheep on his right, but the goats on the left.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 10:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40010032.01-2"><span class="woc">So everyone who acknowledges me before men, I also will acknowledge before my Father who is in heaven,</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 6:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46006002.01-1">Or do you not know that the saints will judge the world? And if the world is to be judged by you, are you incompetent to try trivial cases? Do you not know that we are to judge angels? How much more, then, matters pertaining to this life!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 25:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025034.01-1"><span class="woc">Then the King will say to those on his right, ‘Come, you who are blessed by my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world.</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 25:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40025046.01-2"><span class="woc">And these will go away into eternal punishment, but the righteous into eternal life.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 5:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005027.01-1">so that he might present the church to himself in splendor, without spot or wrinkle or any such thing, that she might be holy and without blemish.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 14:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66014013.01-2">And I heard a voice from heaven saying, “Write this: Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord from now on.” “Blessed indeed,” says the Spirit, “that they may rest from their labors, for their deeds follow them!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 16:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19016011.01-1">You make known to me the path of life;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in your presence there is fullness of joy;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>at your right hand are pleasures forevermore.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 12:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012022.01-1">But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to innumerable angels in festal gathering, and to the assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003002.01-1">Beloved, we are God's children now, and what we will be has not yet appeared; but we know that when he appears we shall be like him, because we shall see him as he is.</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008029.01-2">For those whom he foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, in order that he might be the firstborn among many brothers.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 13:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46013012.01-3">For now we see in a mirror dimly, but then face to face. Now I know in part; then I shall know fully, even as I have been fully known.</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004017.01-4">Then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will always be with the Lord. Therefore encourage one another with these words.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 02 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 37 + WLC 86 — What benefits do believers receive from Christ at death?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/11/01</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 37.</span> What benefits do believers receive from Christ at death?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The souls of believers are at their death made perfect in holiness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and do immediately pass into glory;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> and their bodies, being still united to Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> do rest in their graves, till the resurrection.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 86.</span> What is the communion in glory with Christ, which the members of the invisible church enjoy immediately after death?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The communion in glory with Christ, which the members of the invisible church enjoy immediately after death, is, in that their souls are then made perfect in holiness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">5</sup> and received into the highest heavens,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">6</sup> where they behold the face of God in light and glory,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">7</sup> waiting for the full redemption of their bodies,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">8</sup> which even in death continue united to Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">9</sup> and rest in their graves as in their beds,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">10</sup> till at the last day they be again united to their souls.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">11</sup> Whereas the souls of the wicked are at their death cast into hell, where they remain in torments and utter darkness, and their bodies kept in their graves, as in their prisons, till the resurrection and judgment of the great day.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">12</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 12:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012023.01-1">and to the assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 23:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42023043.01-1">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise.”</span></p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 5:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005006.01-2">So we are always of good courage. We know that while we are at home in the body we are away from the Lord,</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 5:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005008.01-3">Yes, we are of good courage, and we would rather be away from the body and at home with the Lord.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 1:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50001023.01-4">I am hard pressed between the two. My desire is to depart and be with Christ, for that is far better.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004014.01-1">For since we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so, through Jesus, God will bring with him those who have fallen asleep.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Daniel 12:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27012002.01-1">And many of those who sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, some to everlasting life, and some to shame and everlasting contempt.</p> </div><h5>John 5:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43005028.01-2"><span class="woc">Do not marvel at this, for an hour is coming when all who are in the tombs will hear his voice</span> <span class="woc">and come out, those who have done good to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil to the resurrection of judgment.</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 24:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44024015.01-3">having a hope in God, which these men themselves accept, that there will be a resurrection of both the just and the unjust.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 12:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58012023.01-1">and to the assembly of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect,</p> </div><h5>Acts 7:55</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44007055.01-2">But he, full of the Holy Spirit, gazed into heaven and saw the glory of God, and Jesus standing at the right hand of God.</p> </div><h5>Acts 7:59</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44007059.01-3">And as they were stoning Stephen, he called out, “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p47005001.04-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v47005001-1">5:1 </span>For we know that if the tent that is our earthly home is destroyed, we have a building from God, a house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 5:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005006.01-2">So we are always of good courage. We know that while we are at home in the body we are away from the Lord,</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 5:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47005008.01-3">Yes, we are of good courage, and we would rather be away from the body and at home with the Lord.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 1:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50001023.01-4">I am hard pressed between the two. My desire is to depart and be with Christ, for that is far better.</p> </div><h5>Acts 3:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44003021.01-5">whom heaven must receive until the time for restoring all the things about which God spoke by the mouth of his holy prophets long ago.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004010.01-6">He who descended is the one who also ascended far above all the heavens, that he might fill all things.)</p> </div><h5>Luke 23:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42023043.01-7">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 3:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003002.01-1">Beloved, we are God's children now, and what we will be has not yet appeared; but we know that when he appears we shall be like him, because we shall see him as he is.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 13:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46013012.01-2">For now we see in a mirror dimly, but then face to face. Now I know in part; then I shall know fully, even as I have been fully known.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008023.01-1">And not only the creation, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for adoption as sons, the redemption of our bodies.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 16:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19016009.01-2">Therefore my heart is glad, and my whole being rejoices;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my flesh also dwells secure.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004014.01-1">For since we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so, through Jesus, God will bring with him those who have fallen asleep.</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004016.01-2">For the Lord himself will descend from heaven with a cry of command, with the voice of an archangel, and with the sound of the trumpet of God. And the dead in Christ will rise first.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 57:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23057002.01-1"><span class="indent"></span>he enters into peace;<br/> they rest in their beds<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who walk in their uprightness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Job 19:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18019026.01-1">And after my skin has been thus destroyed,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>yet in my flesh I shall see God,<br/>  whom I shall see for myself,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my eyes shall behold, and not another.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>My heart faints within me!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 16:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42016023.01-1"><span class="woc">and in Hades, being in torment, he lifted up his eyes and saw Abraham far off and Lazarus at his side.</span> <span class="woc">And he called out, ‘Father Abraham, have mercy on me, and send Lazarus to dip the end of his finger in water and cool my tongue, for I am in anguish in this flame.’</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 1:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44001025.01-2">to take the place in this ministry and apostleship from which Judas turned aside to go to his own place.”</p> </div><h5>Jude 1:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p65001006.01-3">And the angels who did not stay within their own position of authority, but left their proper dwelling, he has kept in eternal chains under gloomy darkness until the judgment of the great day— just as Sodom and Gomorrah and the surrounding cities, which likewise indulged in sexual immorality and pursued unnatural desire, serve as an example by undergoing a punishment of eternal fire.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 01 Nov 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 36 + WLC 83 — What is the communion with Christ which the members of the invisible church enjoy?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/31</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 36.</span> What are the benefits which in this life do accompany or flow from justification, adoption and sanctification?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The benefits which in this life do accompany or flow from justification, adoption, and sanctification, are, assurance of God's love,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> peace of conscience,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> joy in the Holy Ghost,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> increase of grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup> and perseverance therein to the end.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc5">5</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 83.</span> What is the communion in glory with Christ which the members of the invisible church enjoy in this life?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The members of the invisible church have communicated to them in this life the firstfruits of glory with Christ, as they are members of him their head, and so in him are interested in that glory which he is fully possessed of;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">6</sup> and, as an earnest thereof, enjoy the sense of God's love,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">7</sup> peace of conscience, joy in the Holy Ghost, and hope of glory;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">8</sup> as, on the contrary, sense of God's revenging wrath, horror of conscience, and a fearful expectation of judgment, are to the wicked the beginning of their torments which they shall endure after death.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005005.01-1">and hope does not put us to shame, because God's love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who has been given to us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45005001-1">5:1 </span>Therefore, since we have been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 14:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45014017.01-1">For the kingdom of God is not a matter of eating and drinking but of righteousness and peace and joy in the Holy Spirit.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Peter 3:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61003018.01-1">But grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. To him be the glory both now and to the day of eternity. Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50001006.01-1">And I am sure of this, that he who began a good work in you will bring it to completion at the day of Jesus Christ.</p> </div><h5>1 Peter 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60001005.01-2">who by God's power are being guarded through faith for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002005.01-1">even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved— and raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45005005.01-1">and hope does not put us to shame, because God's love has been poured into our hearts through the Holy Spirit who has been given to us.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 1:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47001022.01-2">and who has also put his seal on us and given us his Spirit in our hearts as a guarantee.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 5:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45005001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45005001-1">5:1 </span>Therefore, since we have been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ. Through him we have also obtained access by faith into this grace in which we stand, and we rejoice in hope of the glory of God.</p> </div><h5>Romans 14:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45014017.01-2">For the kingdom of God is not a matter of eating and drinking but of righteousness and peace and joy in the Holy Spirit.</p> </div><h5>2 Peter 3:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61003018.01-3">But grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. To him be the glory both now and to the day of eternity. Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 4:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Cain said to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, “My punishment is greater than I can bear.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 27:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>saying, “I have sinned by betraying innocent blood.” They said, “What is that to us? See to it yourself.”</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 10:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but a fearful expectation of judgment, and a fury of fire that will consume the adversaries.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 2:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>There will be tribulation and distress for every human being who does evil, the Jew first and also the Greek,</p> </div> <h5>Mark 9:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And if your hand causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life crippled than with two hands to go to hell, to the unquenchable fire.</span> <span class="woc">And if your foot causes you to sin, cut it off. It is better for you to enter life lame than with two feet to be thrown into hell.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 31 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 82 — What is the communion in glory which the members of the invisible church have with Christ?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/30</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 82.</span> What is the communion in glory which the members of the invisible church have with Christ?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The communion in glory which the members of the invisible church have with Christ, is in this life,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> immediately after death,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and at last perfected at the resurrection and day of judgment.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 3:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47003018.01-1">And we all, with unveiled face, beholding the glory of the Lord, are being transformed into the same image from one degree of glory to another. For this comes from the Lord who is the Spirit.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 23:43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42023043.01-1">And he said to him, <span class="woc">“Truly, I say to you, today you will be with me in Paradise.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 4:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52004017.01-1">Then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will always be with the Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 69 — What is the communion in grace which the members of the invisible church have with Christ?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/29</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 69.</span> What is the communion in grace which the members of the invisible church have with Christ?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The communion in grace which the members of the invisible church have with Christ, is their partaking of the virtue of his mediation, in their justification,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> adoption,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> sanctification, and whatever else, in this life, manifests their union with him.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008030.01-1">And those whom he predestined he also called, and those whom he called he also justified, and those whom he justified he also glorified.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001005.01-1">he predestined us for adoption as sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 1:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46001030.01-1">And because of him you are in Christ Jesus, who became to us wisdom from God, righteousness and sanctification and redemption,</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 6:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46006011.01-2">And such were some of you. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 26.3 — Of the communion of saints, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/28</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 26: Of the Communion of Saints</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> This communion which the saints have with Christ, doth not make them in any wise partakers of the substance of his Godhead; or to be equal with Christ in any respect: either of which to affirm is impious and blasphemous.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> Nor doth their communion one with another, as saints, take away, or infringe the title or propriety which each man hath in his goods and possessions.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 1:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he is the head of the body, the church. He is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in everything he might be preeminent. For in him all the fullness of God was pleased to dwell,</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 8:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>yet for us there is one God, the Father, from whom are all things and for whom we exist, and one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom are all things and through whom we exist.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 45:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Your throne, O God, is forever and ever.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>The scepter of your kingdom is a scepter of uprightness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have loved righteousness and hated wickedness.<br/> Therefore God, your God, has anointed you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>with the oil of gladness beyond your companions;</p> </div> </div> <h5>Hebrews 1:6-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">And again, when he brings the firstborn into the world, he says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Let all God’s angels worship him.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">Of the angels he says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“He makes his angels winds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his ministers a flame of fire.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">But of the Son he says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Your throne, O God, is forever and ever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the scepter of uprightness is the scepter of your kingdom.<br/> You have loved righteousness and hated wickedness;<br/> therefore God, your God, has anointed you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>with the oil of gladness beyond your companions.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>John 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.</p> </div> <h5>John 20:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus said to her, <span class="woc">“Do not cling to me, for I have not yet ascended to the Father; but go to my brothers and say to them, ‘I am ascending to my Father and your Father, to my God and your God.’”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020015.01-1">“You shall not steal.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004028.01-2">Let the thief no longer steal, but rather let him labor, doing honest work with his own hands, so that he may have something to share with anyone in need.</p> </div><h5>Acts 5:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44005004.01-3">While it remained unsold, did it not remain your own? And after it was sold, was it not at your disposal? Why is it that you have contrived this deed in your heart? You have not lied to men but to God.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 28 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 26.2 — Of the communion of saints, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/27</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 26: Of the Communion of Saints</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> Saints by profession are bound to maintain an holy fellowship and communion in the worship of God, and in performing such other spiritual services as tend to their mutual edification;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> as also in relieving each other in outward things, according to their several abilities and necessities. Which communion, as God offereth opportunity, is to be extended unto all those who, in every place, call upon the name of the Lord Jesus.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 10:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58010024.01-1">And let us consider how to stir up one another to love and good works, not neglecting to meet together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging one another, and all the more as you see the Day drawing near.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44002042.06-2">And they devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:46</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002046.01-3">And day by day, attending the temple together and breaking bread in their homes, they received their food with glad and generous hearts,</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 2:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23002003.01-4"><span class="indent"></span>and many peoples shall come, and say:<br/> “Come, let us go up to the mountain of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to the house of the God of Jacob,<br/> that he may teach us his ways<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and that we may walk in his paths.”<br/> For out of Zion shall go the law,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the word of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> from Jerusalem.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 11:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46011020.01-5">When you come together, it is not the Lord's supper that you eat.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But if anyone has the world’s goods and sees his brother in need, yet closes his heart against him, how does God’s love abide in him?</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>We want you to know, brothers, about the grace of God that has been given among the churches of Macedonia, for in a severe test of affliction, their abundance of joy and their extreme poverty have overflowed in a wealth of generosity on their part. For they gave according to their means, as I can testify, and beyond their means, of their own accord, begging us earnestly for the favor of taking part in the relief of the saints—and this, not as we expected, but they gave themselves first to the Lord and then by the will of God to us. Accordingly, we urged Titus that as he had started, so he should complete among you this act of grace. But as you excel in everything—in faith, in speech, in knowledge, in all earnestness, and in our love for you—see that you excel in this act of grace also.</p> <p>I say this not as a command, but to prove by the earnestness of others that your love also is genuine. For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that though he was rich, yet for your sake he became poor, so that you by his poverty might become rich. And in this matter I give my judgment: this benefits you, who a year ago started not only to do this work but also to desire to do it. So now finish doing it as well, so that your readiness in desiring it may be matched by your completing it out of what you have. For if the readiness is there, it is acceptable according to what a person has, not according to what he does not have. For I do not mean that others should be eased and you burdened, but that as a matter of fairness your abundance at the present time should supply their need, so that their abundance may supply your need, that there may be fairness. As it is written, “Whoever gathered much had nothing left over, and whoever gathered little had no lack.”</p> <p>But thanks be to God, who put into the heart of Titus the same earnest care I have for you. For he not only accepted our appeal, but being himself very earnest he is going to you of his own accord. With him we are sending the brother who is famous among all the churches for his preaching of the gospel. And not only that, but he has been appointed by the churches to travel with us as we carry out this act of grace that is being ministered by us, for the glory of the Lord himself and to show our good will. We take this course so that no one should blame us about this generous gift that is being administered by us, for we aim at what is honorable not only in the Lord’s sight but also in the sight of man. And with them we are sending our brother whom we have often tested and found earnest in many matters, but who is now more earnest than ever because of his great confidence in you. As for Titus, he is my partner and fellow worker for your benefit. And as for our brothers, they are messengers of the churches, the glory of Christ. So give proof before the churches of your love and of our boasting about you to these men.</p> <p>Now it is superfluous for me to write to you about the ministry for the saints, for I know your readiness, of which I boast about you to the people of Macedonia, saying that Achaia has been ready since last year. And your zeal has stirred up most of them. But I am sending the brothers so that our boasting about you may not prove empty in this matter, so that you may be ready, as I said you would be. Otherwise, if some Macedonians come with me and find that you are not ready, we would be humiliated—to say nothing of you—for being so confident. So I thought it necessary to urge the brothers to go on ahead to you and arrange in advance for the gift you have promised, so that it may be ready as a willing gift, not as an exaction.</p> <p>The point is this: whoever sows sparingly will also reap sparingly, and whoever sows bountifully will also reap bountifully. Each one must give as he has decided in his heart, not reluctantly or under compulsion, for God loves a cheerful giver. And God is able to make all grace abound to you, so that having all sufficiency in all things at all times, you may abound in every good work. As it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“He has distributed freely, he has given to the poor;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his righteousness endures forever.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">He who supplies seed to the sower and bread for food will supply and multiply your seed for sowing and increase the harvest of your righteousness. You will be enriched in every way to be generous in every way, which through us will produce thanksgiving to God. For the ministry of this service is not only supplying the needs of the saints but is also overflowing in many thanksgivings to God. By their approval of this service, they will glorify God because of your submission that comes from your confession of the gospel of Christ, and the generosity of your contribution for them and for all others, while they long for you and pray for you, because of the surpassing grace of God upon you. Thanks be to God for his inexpressible gift!</p> </div> <h5>Acts 11:29-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So the disciples determined, every one according to his ability, to send relief to the brothers living in Judea. And they did so, sending it to the elders by the hand of Barnabas and Saul.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:44-45</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And all who believed were together and had all things in common. And they were selling their possessions and belongings and distributing the proceeds to all, as any had need.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 27 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 26.1 + WLC 66 — What is that union which the elect have with Christ?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/26</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 26: Of the Communion of Saints</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> All saints, that are united to Jesus Christ their Head, by his Spirit, and by faith, have fellowship with him in his graces, sufferings, death, resurrection, and glory:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">4</sup> and, being united to one another in love, they have communion in each other's gifts and graces,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">5</sup> and are obliged to the performance of such duties, public and private, as do conduce to their mutual good, both in the inward and outward man.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">6</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 66.</span> What is that union which the elect have with Christ?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The union which the elect have with Christ is the work of God's grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> whereby they are spiritually and mystically, yet really and inseparably, joined to Christ as their head and husband;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> which is done in their effectual calling.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus, so that in the coming ages he might show the immeasurable riches of his grace in kindness toward us in Christ Jesus.</p> </div> <h5>John 1:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For from his fullness we have all received, grace upon grace.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 3:16-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that according to the riches of his glory he may grant you to be strengthened with power through his Spirit in your inner being, so that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith—that you, being rooted and grounded in love, may have strength to comprehend with all the saints what is the breadth and length and height and depth, and to know the love of Christ that surpasses knowledge, that you may be filled with all the fullness of God.</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that I may know him and the power of his resurrection, and may share his sufferings, becoming like him in his death,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 6:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we shall certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his. We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001022.01-1">And he put all things under his feet and gave him as head over all things to the church,</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 6:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46006017.01-2">But he who is joined to the Lord becomes one spirit with him.</p> </div><h5>John 10:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43010028.01-3"><span class="woc">I give them eternal life, and they will never perish, and no one will snatch them out of my hand.</span></p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005023.01-4">For the husband is the head of the wife even as Christ is the head of the church, his body, and is himself its Savior.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005030.01-5">because we are members of his body.</p> </div><h5>John 15:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43015005.01-6"><span class="woc">I am the vine; you are the branches. Whoever abides in me and I in him, he it is that bears much fruit, for apart from me you can do nothing.</span></p> </div><h5>Ephesians 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49003017.01-7">so that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith—that you, being rooted and grounded in love,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 5:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60005010.01-1">And after you have suffered a little while, the God of all grace, who has called you to his eternal glory in Christ, will himself restore, confirm, strengthen, and establish you.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46001009.01-2">God is faithful, by whom you were called into the fellowship of his Son, Jesus Christ our Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that which we have seen and heard we proclaim also to you, so that you too may have fellowship with us; and indeed our fellowship is with the Father and with his Son Jesus Christ.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 3:16-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that according to the riches of his glory he may grant you to be strengthened with power through his Spirit in your inner being, so that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith—that you, being rooted and grounded in love, may have strength to comprehend with all the saints what is the breadth and length and height and depth,</p> </div> <h5>John 1:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For from his fullness we have all received, grace upon grace.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved—and raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus,</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 3:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that I may know him and the power of his resurrection, and may share his sufferings, becoming like him in his death,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 6:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For if we have been united with him in a death like his, we shall certainly be united with him in a resurrection like his. We know that our old self was crucified with him in order that the body of sin might be brought to nothing, so that we would no longer be enslaved to sin.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 8:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and if children, then heirs—heirs of God and fellow heirs with Christ, provided we suffer with him in order that we may also be glorified with him.</p> </div> <h5>2 Timothy 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">if we endure, we will also reign with him;<br/> if we deny him, he also will deny us;</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 4:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">Rather, speaking the truth in love, we are to grow up in every way into him who is the head, into Christ, from whom the whole body, joined and held together by every joint with which it is equipped, when each part is working properly, makes the body grow so that it builds itself up in love.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 12:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>To each is given the manifestation of the Spirit for the common good.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 12:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For just as the body is one and has many members, and all the members of the body, though many, are one body, so it is with Christ.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 3:21-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So let no one boast in men. For all things are yours, whether Paul or Apollos or Cephas or the world or life or death or the present or the future—all are yours, and you are Christ’s, and Christ is God’s.</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 2:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and not holding fast to the Head, from whom the whole body, nourished and knit together through its joints and ligaments, grows with a growth that is from God.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52005011.01-1">Therefore encourage one another and build one another up, just as you are doing.</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52005014.01-2">And we urge you, brothers, admonish the idle, encourage the fainthearted, help the weak, be patient with them all.</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001011.01-3">For I long to see you, that I may impart to you some spiritual gift to strengthen you— that is, that we may be mutually encouraged by each other's faith, both yours and mine.</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001014.01-4">I am under obligation both to Greeks and to barbarians, both to the wise and to the foolish.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:16-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003016.01-5">By this we know love, that he laid down his life for us, and we ought to lay down our lives for the brothers. But if anyone has the world's goods and sees his brother in need, yet closes his heart against him, how does God's love abide in him? Little children, let us not love in word or talk but in deed and in truth.</p> </div><h5>Galatians 6:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48006010.01-6">So then, as we have opportunity, let us do good to everyone, and especially to those who are of the household of faith.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 26 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 25.6 — Of the church, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/25</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 25: Of the Church</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> There is no other head of the church but the Lord Jesus Christ.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> Nor can the pope of Rome, in any sense, be head thereof.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001018.01-1">And he is the head of the body, the church. He is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in everything he might be preeminent.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001022.01-2">And he put all things under his feet and gave him as head over all things to the church,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 23:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But you are not to be called rabbi, for you have one teacher, and you are all brothers.</span> <span class="woc">And call no man your father on earth, for you have one Father, who is in heaven.</span> <span class="woc">Neither be called instructors, for you have one instructor, the Christ.</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 5:2-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>shepherd the flock of God that is among you, exercising oversight, not under compulsion, but willingly, as God would have you; not for shameful gain, but eagerly; not domineering over those in your charge, but being examples to the flock. And when the chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the unfading crown of glory.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 25 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 25.5 + WLC 61 — Are all they saved who hear the gospel, and live in the church?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/24</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 25: Of the Church</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> The purest churches under heaven are subject both to mixture and error;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">2</sup> and some have so degenerated, as to become no churches of Christ, but synagogues of Satan.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">3</sup> Nevertheless, there shall be always a church on earth, to worship God according to his will.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">4</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 61.</span> Are all they saved who hear the gospel, and live in the church?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> All that hear the gospel, and live in the visible church, are not saved; but they only who are true members of the church invisible.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 12:38-40</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43012038.01-1">so that the word spoken by the prophet Isaiah might be fulfilled:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p43012038.13-1">“Lord, who has believed what he heard from us,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to whom has the arm of the Lord been revealed?”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p43012039.01-1">Therefore they could not believe. For again Isaiah said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p43012040.01-1">“He has blinded their eyes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and hardened their heart,<br/> lest they see with their eyes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and understand with their heart, and turn,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I would heal them.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 9:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009006.01-2">But it is not as though the word of God has failed. For not all who are descended from Israel belong to Israel,</p> </div><h5>Matthew 22:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40022014.01-3"><span class="woc">For many are called, but few are chosen.”</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 7:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40007021.05-4"><span class="woc">“Not everyone who says to me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ will enter the kingdom of heaven, but the one who does the will of my Father who is in heaven.</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 11:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45011007.01-5">What then? Israel failed to obtain what it was seeking. The elect obtained it, but the rest were hardened,</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:2-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010002.01-6">and all were baptized into Moses in the cloud and in the sea, and all ate the same spiritual food, and all drank the same spiritual drink. For they drank from the spiritual Rock that followed them, and the Rock was Christ. Nevertheless, with most of them God was not pleased, for they were overthrown in the wilderness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 13:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For now we see in a mirror dimly, but then face to face. Now I know in part; then I shall know fully, even as I have been fully known.</p> </div> <h5>Revelation 2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“To the angel of the church in Ephesus write: ‘The words of him who holds the seven stars in his right hand, who walks among the seven golden lampstands.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“‘I know your works, your toil and your patient endurance, and how you cannot bear with those who are evil, but have tested those who call themselves apostles and are not, and found them to be false.</span> <span class="woc">I know you are enduring patiently and bearing up for my name’s sake, and you have not grown weary.</span> <span class="woc">But I have this against you, that you have abandoned the love you had at first.</span> <span class="woc">Remember therefore from where you have fallen; repent, and do the works you did at first. If not, I will come to you and remove your lampstand from its place, unless you repent.</span> <span class="woc">Yet this you have: you hate the works of the Nicolaitans, which I also hate.</span> <span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To the one who conquers I will grant to eat of the tree of life, which is in the paradise of God.’</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“And to the angel of the church in Smyrna write: ‘The words of the first and the last, who died and came to life.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“‘I know your tribulation and your poverty (but you are rich) and the slander of those who say that they are Jews and are not, but are a synagogue of Satan.</span> <span class="woc">Do not fear what you are about to suffer. Behold, the devil is about to throw some of you into prison, that you may be tested, and for ten days you will have tribulation. Be faithful unto death, and I will give you the crown of life.</span> <span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. The one who conquers will not be hurt by the second death.’</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“And to the angel of the church in Pergamum write: ‘The words of him who has the sharp two-edged sword.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“‘I know where you dwell, where Satan’s throne is. Yet you hold fast my name, and you did not deny my faith even in the days of Antipas my faithful witness, who was killed among you, where Satan dwells.</span> <span class="woc">But I have a few things against you: you have some there who hold the teaching of Balaam, who taught Balak to put a stumbling block before the sons of Israel, so that they might eat food sacrificed to idols and practice sexual immorality.</span> <span class="woc">So also you have some who hold the teaching of the Nicolaitans.</span> <span class="woc">Therefore repent. If not, I will come to you soon and war against them with the sword of my mouth.</span> <span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To the one who conquers I will give some of the hidden manna, and I will give him a white stone, with a new name written on the stone that no one knows except the one who receives it.’</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“And to the angel of the church in Thyatira write: ‘The words of the Son of God, who has eyes like a flame of fire, and whose feet are like burnished bronze.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“‘I know your works, your love and faith and service and patient endurance, and that your latter works exceed the first.</span> <span class="woc">But I have this against you, that you tolerate that woman Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess and is teaching and seducing my servants to practice sexual immorality and to eat food sacrificed to idols.</span> <span class="woc">I gave her time to repent, but she refuses to repent of her sexual immorality.</span> <span class="woc">Behold, I will throw her onto a sickbed, and those who commit adultery with her I will throw into great tribulation, unless they repent of her works,</span> <span class="woc">and I will strike her children dead. And all the churches will know that I am he who searches mind and heart, and I will give to each of you according to your works.</span> <span class="woc">But to the rest of you in Thyatira, who do not hold this teaching, who have not learned what some call the deep things of Satan, to you I say, I do not lay on you any other burden.</span> <span class="woc">Only hold fast what you have until I come.</span> <span class="woc">The one who conquers and who keeps my works until the end, to him I will give authority over the nations,</span> <span class="woc">and he will rule them with a rod of iron, as when earthen pots are broken in pieces, even as I myself have received authority from my Father.</span> <span class="woc">And I will give him the morning star.</span> <span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.’</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“And to the angel of the church in Sardis write: ‘The words of him who has the seven spirits of God and the seven stars.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“‘I know your works. You have the reputation of being alive, but you are dead.</span> <span class="woc">Wake up, and strengthen what remains and is about to die, for I have not found your works complete in the sight of my God.</span> <span class="woc">Remember, then, what you received and heard. Keep it, and repent. If you will not wake up, I will come like a thief, and you will not know at what hour I will come against you.</span> <span class="woc">Yet you have still a few names in Sardis, people who have not soiled their garments, and they will walk with me in white, for they are worthy.</span> <span class="woc">The one who conquers will be clothed thus in white garments, and I will never blot his name out of the book of life. I will confess his name before my Father and before his angels.</span> <span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.’</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“And to the angel of the church in Philadelphia write: ‘The words of the holy one, the true one, who has the key of David, who opens and no one will shut, who shuts and no one opens.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“‘I know your works. Behold, I have set before you an open door, which no one is able to shut. I know that you have but little power, and yet you have kept my word and have not denied my name.</span> <span class="woc">Behold, I will make those of the synagogue of Satan who say that they are Jews and are not, but lie—behold, I will make them come and bow down before your feet, and they will learn that I have loved you.</span> <span class="woc">Because you have kept my word about patient endurance, I will keep you from the hour of trial that is coming on the whole world, to try those who dwell on the earth.</span> <span class="woc">I am coming soon. Hold fast what you have, so that no one may seize your crown.</span> <span class="woc">The one who conquers, I will make him a pillar in the temple of my God. Never shall he go out of it, and I will write on him the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God, the new Jerusalem, which comes down from my God out of heaven, and my own new name.</span> <span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.’</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“And to the angel of the church in Laodicea write: ‘The words of the Amen, the faithful and true witness, the beginning of God’s creation.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“‘I know your works: you are neither cold nor hot. Would that you were either cold or hot!</span> <span class="woc">So, because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit you out of my mouth.</span> <span class="woc">For you say, “I am rich, I have prospered, and I need nothing,” not realizing that you are wretched, pitiable, poor, blind, and naked.</span> <span class="woc">I counsel you to buy from me gold refined by fire, so that you may be rich, and white garments so that you may clothe yourself and the shame of your nakedness may not be seen, and salve to anoint your eyes, so that you may see.</span> <span class="woc">Those whom I love, I reprove and discipline, so be zealous and repent.</span> <span class="woc">Behold, I stand at the door and knock. If anyone hears my voice and opens the door, I will come in to him and eat with him, and he with me.</span> <span class="woc">The one who conquers, I will grant him to sit with me on my throne, as I also conquered and sat down with my Father on his throne.</span> <span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.’”</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 13:24-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He put another parable before them, saying, <span class="woc">“The kingdom of heaven may be compared to a man who sowed good seed in his field,</span> <span class="woc">but while his men were sleeping, his enemy came and sowed weeds among the wheat and went away.</span> <span class="woc">So when the plants came up and bore grain, then the weeds appeared also.</span> <span class="woc">And the servants of the master of the house came and said to him, ‘Master, did you not sow good seed in your field? How then does it have weeds?’</span> <span class="woc">He said to them, ‘An enemy has done this.’ So the servants said to him, ‘Then do you want us to go and gather them?’</span> <span class="woc">But he said, ‘No, lest in gathering the weeds you root up the wheat along with them.</span> <span class="woc">Let both grow together until the harvest, and at harvest time I will tell the reapers, “Gather the weeds first and bind them in bundles to be burned, but gather the wheat into my barn.”’”</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 13:47</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a net that was thrown into the sea and gathered fish of every kind.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 23:37-39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, the city that kills the prophets and stones those who are sent to it! How often would I have gathered your children together as a hen gathers her brood under her wings, and you were not willing!</span> <span class="woc">See, your house is left to you desolate.</span> <span class="woc">For I tell you, you will not see me again, until you say, ‘Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord.’”</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 11:18-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>do not be arrogant toward the branches. If you are, remember it is not you who support the root, but the root that supports you. Then you will say, “Branches were broken off so that I might be grafted in.” That is true. They were broken off because of their unbelief, but you stand fast through faith. So do not become proud, but fear. For if God did not spare the natural branches, neither will he spare you. Note then the kindness and the severity of God: severity toward those who have fallen, but God’s kindness to you, provided you continue in his kindness. Otherwise you too will be cut off.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 16:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">And I tell you, you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.</span></p> </div> <h5>Psalm 45:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">In place of your fathers shall be your sons;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you will make them princes in all the earth.<br/> I will cause your name to be remembered in all generations;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>therefore nations will praise you forever and ever.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 72:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">May his name endure forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his fame continue as long as the sun!<br/> May people be blessed in him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all nations call him blessed!</p> </div> </div> <h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 15:51-52</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Behold! I tell you a mystery. We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, in a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trumpet. For the trumpet will sound, and the dead will be raised imperishable, and we shall be changed.</p> </div> <h5>1 Thessalonians 4:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then we who are alive, who are left, will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we will always be with the Lord.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 24 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 25.4 — Of the church, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/23</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 25: Of the Church</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> This catholic church hath been sometimes more, sometimes less visible.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> And particular churches, which are members thereof, are more or less pure, according as the doctrine of the gospel is taught and embraced, ordinances administered, and public worship performed more or less purely in them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 11:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Lord, they have killed your prophets, they have demolished your altars, and I alone am left, and they seek my life.” But what is God’s reply to him? “I have kept for myself seven thousand men who have not bowed the knee to Baal.” So too at the present time there is a remnant, chosen by grace.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 9:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So the church throughout all Judea and Galilee and Samaria had peace and was being built up. And walking in the fear of the Lord and in the comfort of the Holy Spirit, it multiplied.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:47</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>praising God and having favor with all the people. And the Lord added to their number day by day those who were being saved.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 18:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Crispus, the ruler of the synagogue, believed in the Lord, together with his entire household. And many of the Corinthians hearing Paul believed and were baptized. And the Lord said to Paul one night in a vision, <span class="woc">“Do not be afraid, but go on speaking and do not be silent,</span> <span class="woc">for I am with you, and no one will attack you to harm you, for I have many in this city who are my people.”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:41-42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls.</p> <p>And they devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 5:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Your boasting is not good. Do you not know that a little leaven leavens the whole lump? Cleanse out the old leaven that you may be a new lump, as you really are unleavened. For Christ, our Passover lamb, has been sacrificed.</p> </div> <h5>Revelation 2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“To the angel of the church in Ephesus write: ‘The words of him who holds the seven stars in his right hand, who walks among the seven golden lampstands.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“‘I know your works, your toil and your patient endurance, and how you cannot bear with those who are evil, but have tested those who call themselves apostles and are not, and found them to be false.</span> <span class="woc">I know you are enduring patiently and bearing up for my name’s sake, and you have not grown weary.</span> <span class="woc">But I have this against you, that you have abandoned the love you had at first.</span> <span class="woc">Remember therefore from where you have fallen; repent, and do the works you did at first. If not, I will come to you and remove your lampstand from its place, unless you repent.</span> <span class="woc">Yet this you have: you hate the works of the Nicolaitans, which I also hate.</span> <span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To the one who conquers I will grant to eat of the tree of life, which is in the paradise of God.’</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“And to the angel of the church in Smyrna write: ‘The words of the first and the last, who died and came to life.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“‘I know your tribulation and your poverty (but you are rich) and the slander of those who say that they are Jews and are not, but are a synagogue of Satan.</span> <span class="woc">Do not fear what you are about to suffer. Behold, the devil is about to throw some of you into prison, that you may be tested, and for ten days you will have tribulation. Be faithful unto death, and I will give you the crown of life.</span> <span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. The one who conquers will not be hurt by the second death.’</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“And to the angel of the church in Pergamum write: ‘The words of him who has the sharp two-edged sword.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“‘I know where you dwell, where Satan’s throne is. Yet you hold fast my name, and you did not deny my faith even in the days of Antipas my faithful witness, who was killed among you, where Satan dwells.</span> <span class="woc">But I have a few things against you: you have some there who hold the teaching of Balaam, who taught Balak to put a stumbling block before the sons of Israel, so that they might eat food sacrificed to idols and practice sexual immorality.</span> <span class="woc">So also you have some who hold the teaching of the Nicolaitans.</span> <span class="woc">Therefore repent. If not, I will come to you soon and war against them with the sword of my mouth.</span> <span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To the one who conquers I will give some of the hidden manna, and I will give him a white stone, with a new name written on the stone that no one knows except the one who receives it.’</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“And to the angel of the church in Thyatira write: ‘The words of the Son of God, who has eyes like a flame of fire, and whose feet are like burnished bronze.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“‘I know your works, your love and faith and service and patient endurance, and that your latter works exceed the first.</span> <span class="woc">But I have this against you, that you tolerate that woman Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess and is teaching and seducing my servants to practice sexual immorality and to eat food sacrificed to idols.</span> <span class="woc">I gave her time to repent, but she refuses to repent of her sexual immorality.</span> <span class="woc">Behold, I will throw her onto a sickbed, and those who commit adultery with her I will throw into great tribulation, unless they repent of her works,</span> <span class="woc">and I will strike her children dead. And all the churches will know that I am he who searches mind and heart, and I will give to each of you according to your works.</span> <span class="woc">But to the rest of you in Thyatira, who do not hold this teaching, who have not learned what some call the deep things of Satan, to you I say, I do not lay on you any other burden.</span> <span class="woc">Only hold fast what you have until I come.</span> <span class="woc">The one who conquers and who keeps my works until the end, to him I will give authority over the nations,</span> <span class="woc">and he will rule them with a rod of iron, as when earthen pots are broken in pieces, even as I myself have received authority from my Father.</span> <span class="woc">And I will give him the morning star.</span> <span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.’</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“And to the angel of the church in Sardis write: ‘The words of him who has the seven spirits of God and the seven stars.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“‘I know your works. You have the reputation of being alive, but you are dead.</span> <span class="woc">Wake up, and strengthen what remains and is about to die, for I have not found your works complete in the sight of my God.</span> <span class="woc">Remember, then, what you received and heard. Keep it, and repent. If you will not wake up, I will come like a thief, and you will not know at what hour I will come against you.</span> <span class="woc">Yet you have still a few names in Sardis, people who have not soiled their garments, and they will walk with me in white, for they are worthy.</span> <span class="woc">The one who conquers will be clothed thus in white garments, and I will never blot his name out of the book of life. I will confess his name before my Father and before his angels.</span> <span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.’</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“And to the angel of the church in Philadelphia write: ‘The words of the holy one, the true one, who has the key of David, who opens and no one will shut, who shuts and no one opens.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“‘I know your works. Behold, I have set before you an open door, which no one is able to shut. I know that you have but little power, and yet you have kept my word and have not denied my name.</span> <span class="woc">Behold, I will make those of the synagogue of Satan who say that they are Jews and are not, but lie—behold, I will make them come and bow down before your feet, and they will learn that I have loved you.</span> <span class="woc">Because you have kept my word about patient endurance, I will keep you from the hour of trial that is coming on the whole world, to try those who dwell on the earth.</span> <span class="woc">I am coming soon. Hold fast what you have, so that no one may seize your crown.</span> <span class="woc">The one who conquers, I will make him a pillar in the temple of my God. Never shall he go out of it, and I will write on him the name of my God, and the name of the city of my God, the new Jerusalem, which comes down from my God out of heaven, and my own new name.</span> <span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.’</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“And to the angel of the church in Laodicea write: ‘The words of the Amen, the faithful and true witness, the beginning of God’s creation.</span></p> <p><span class="woc">“‘I know your works: you are neither cold nor hot. Would that you were either cold or hot!</span> <span class="woc">So, because you are lukewarm, and neither hot nor cold, I will spit you out of my mouth.</span> <span class="woc">For you say, “I am rich, I have prospered, and I need nothing,” not realizing that you are wretched, pitiable, poor, blind, and naked.</span> <span class="woc">I counsel you to buy from me gold refined by fire, so that you may be rich, and white garments so that you may clothe yourself and the shame of your nakedness may not be seen, and salve to anoint your eyes, so that you may see.</span> <span class="woc">Those whom I love, I reprove and discipline, so be zealous and repent.</span> <span class="woc">Behold, I stand at the door and knock. If anyone hears my voice and opens the door, I will come in to him and eat with him, and he with me.</span> <span class="woc">The one who conquers, I will grant him to sit with me on my throne, as I also conquered and sat down with my Father on his throne.</span> <span class="woc">He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches.’”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 23 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 25.3 + WLC 63 — What are the special privileges of the visible church?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/22</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 25: Of the Church</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> Unto this catholic visible church Christ hath given the ministry, oracles, and ordinances of God, for the gathering and perfecting of the saints, in this life, to the end of the world: and doth, by his own presence and Spirit, according to his promise, make them effectual thereunto.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">6</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 63.</span> What are the special privileges of the visible church?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The visible church hath the privilege of being under God's special care and government;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> of being protected and preserved in all ages, notwithstanding the opposition of all enemies;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and of enjoying the communion of saints, the ordinary means of salvation,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and offers of grace by Christ to all the members of it in the ministry of the gospel, testifying, that whosoever believes in him shall be saved,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> and excluding none that will come unto him.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 4:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p23004005.01-1">Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will create over the whole site of Mount Zion and over her assemblies a cloud by day, and smoke and the shining of a flaming fire by night; for over all the glory there will be a canopy. There will be a booth for shade by day from the heat, and for a refuge and a shelter from the storm and rain.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 4:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54004010.01-2">For to this end we toil and strive, because we have our hope set on the living God, who is the Savior of all people, especially of those who believe.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:11-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004011.01-3">And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ, until we all attain to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to mature manhood, to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 115:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19115001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19115001-1">115:1 </span>Not to us, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, not to us, but to your name give glory,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the sake of your steadfast love and your faithfulness!</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19115002.01-1">Why should the nations say,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Where is their God?”</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 115:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19115009.01-2">O Israel, trust in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>He is their help and their shield.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 31:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23031004.01-3">For thus the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to me,<br/> “As a lion or a young lion growls over his prey,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and when a band of shepherds is called out against him<br/> he is not terrified by their shouting<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or daunted at their noise,<br/> so the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts will come down<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to fight on Mount Zion and on its hill.<br/>  Like birds hovering, so the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts<br/> <span class="indent"></span>will protect Jerusalem;<br/> he will protect and deliver it;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he will spare and rescue it.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Zechariah 12:2-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p38012002.01-4">“Behold, I am about to make Jerusalem a cup of staggering to all the surrounding peoples. The siege of Jerusalem will also be against Judah. On that day I will make Jerusalem a heavy stone for all the peoples. All who lift it will surely hurt themselves. And all the nations of the earth will gather against it. On that day, declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, I will strike every horse with panic, and its rider with madness. But for the sake of the house of Judah I will keep my eyes open, when I strike every horse of the peoples with blindness.</p> </div><h5>Zechariah 12:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p38012008.01-5">On that day the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will protect the inhabitants of Jerusalem, so that the feeblest among them on that day shall be like David, and the house of David shall be like God, like the angel of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, going before them. And on that day I will seek to destroy all the nations that come against Jerusalem.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 16:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40016018.01-6"><span class="woc">And I tell you, you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002039.01-1">For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.”</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44002042.06-2">And they devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-3"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 12:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46012012.06-4">For just as the body is one and has many members, and all the members of the body, though many, are one body, so it is with Christ. For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body—Jews or Greeks, slaves or free—and all were made to drink of one Spirit.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 147:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19147019.01-1">He declares his word to Jacob,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his statutes and rules to Israel.<br/>  He has not dealt thus with any other nation;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they do not know his rules.<br/> Praise the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 9:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45009004.01-2">They are Israelites, and to them belong the adoption, the glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the worship, and the promises.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004011.01-3">And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ,</p> </div><h5>Acts 22:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44022016.01-4">And now why do you wait? Rise and be baptized and wash away your sins, calling on his name.’</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p44002021.01-5">And it shall come to pass that everyone who calls upon the name of the Lord shall be saved.’</p> </div> </div><h5>Joel 2:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p29002032.01-6">And it shall come to pass that everyone who calls on the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall be saved. For in Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there shall be those who escape, as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has said, and among the survivors shall be those whom the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> calls.</p> </div><h5>Romans 10:10-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010010.01-7">For with the heart one believes and is justified, and with the mouth one confesses and is saved. For the Scripture says, “Everyone who believes in him will not be put to shame.” For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; for the same Lord is Lord of all, bestowing his riches on all who call on him. For “everyone who calls on the name of the Lord will be saved.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 10:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010017.01-8">So faith comes from hearing, and hearing through the word of Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 11:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40011028.01-1"><span class="woc">Come to me, all who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.</span> <span class="woc">Take my yoke upon you, and learn from me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.</span></p> </div><h5>John 6:37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006037.01-2"><span class="woc">All that the Father gives me will come to me, and whoever comes to me I will never cast out.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 12:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012028.01-1">And God has appointed in the church first apostles, second prophets, third teachers, then miracles, then gifts of healing, helping, administrating, and various kinds of tongues.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:11-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004011.01-2">And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ, until we all attain to the unity of the faith and of the knowledge of the Son of God, to mature manhood, to the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ,</p> </div><h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-3"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div><h5>Isaiah 59:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p23059021.01-4">“And as for me, this is my covenant with them,” says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: “My Spirit that is upon you, and my words that I have put in your mouth, shall not depart out of your mouth, or out of the mouth of your offspring, or out of the mouth of your children's offspring,” says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, “from this time forth and forevermore.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 22 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 25.2 + WLC 62 — What is the visible church?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/21</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 25: Of the Church</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> The visible church, which is also catholic or universal under the gospel (not confined to one nation, as before under the law), consists of all those throughout the world that profess the true religion;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">3</sup> and of their children:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">4</sup> and is the kingdom of the Lord Jesus Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">5</sup> the house and family of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">6</sup> out of which there is no ordinary possibility of salvation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">7</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 62.</span> What is the visible church?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The visible church is a society made up of all such as in all ages and places of the world do profess the true religion,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and of their children.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="chapter-first" id="p46001002.01-1">To the church of God that is in Corinth, to those sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be saints together with all those who in every place call upon the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, both their Lord and ours:</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 12:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46012013.01-2">For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body—Jews or Greeks, slaves or free—and all were made to drink of one Spirit.</p> </div><h5>Romans 15:9-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45015009.01-3">and in order that the Gentiles might glorify God for his mercy. As it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45015009.17-3">“Therefore I will praise you among the Gentiles,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and sing to your name.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p45015010.01-3">And again it is said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45015010.06-3">“Rejoice, O Gentiles, with his people.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p45015011.01-3">And again,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45015011.03-3">“Praise the Lord, all you Gentiles,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and let all the peoples extol him.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p45015012.01-3">And again Isaiah says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45015012.05-3">“The root of Jesse will come,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>even he who arises to rule the Gentiles;<br/> in him will the Gentiles hope.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Revelation 7:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p66007009.07-4">After this I looked, and behold, a great multitude that no one could number, from every nation, from all tribes and peoples and languages, standing before the throne and before the Lamb, clothed in white robes, with palm branches in their hands,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19002008.01-5">Ask of me, and I will make the nations your heritage,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the ends of the earth your possession.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 22:27-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19022027.01-6">All the ends of the earth shall remember<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and turn to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> and all the families of the nations<br/> <span class="indent"></span>shall worship before you.<br/>  For kingship belongs to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he rules over the nations.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19022029.01-6">All the prosperous of the earth eat and worship;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>before him shall bow all who go down to the dust,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>even the one who could not keep himself alive.<br/>  Posterity shall serve him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>it shall be told of the Lord to the coming generation;<br/>  they shall come and proclaim his righteousness to a people yet unborn,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that he has done it.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 45:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19045017.01-7">I will cause your name to be remembered in all generations;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>therefore nations will praise you forever and ever.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 28:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40028019.01-8"><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span> <span class="woc">teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you. And behold, I am with you always, to the end of the age.”</span></p> </div><h5>Isaiah 59:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p23059021.01-9">“And as for me, this is my covenant with them,” says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: “My Spirit that is upon you, and my words that I have put in your mouth, shall not depart out of your mouth, or out of the mouth of your offspring, or out of the mouth of your children's offspring,” says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, “from this time forth and forevermore.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 7:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007014.01-1">For the unbelieving husband is made holy because of his wife, and the unbelieving wife is made holy because of her husband. Otherwise your children would be unclean, but as it is, they are holy.</p> </div><h5>Acts 2:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44002039.01-2">For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 11:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45011016.01-3">If the dough offered as firstfruits is holy, so is the whole lump, and if the root is holy, so are the branches.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 17:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01017007.01-4">And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="chapter-first" id="p46001002.01-1">To the church of God that is in Corinth, to those sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be saints together with all those who in every place call upon the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, both their Lord and ours:</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 12:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46012012.06-2">For just as the body is one and has many members, and all the members of the body, though many, are one body, so it is with Christ. For in one Spirit we were all baptized into one body—Jews or Greeks, slaves or free—and all were made to drink of one Spirit.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19002008.01-3">Ask of me, and I will make the nations your heritage,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the ends of the earth your possession.</p> </div> </div><h5>Revelation 7:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p66007009.07-4">After this I looked, and behold, a great multitude that no one could number, from every nation, from all tribes and peoples and languages, standing before the throne and before the Lamb, clothed in white robes, with palm branches in their hands,</p> </div><h5>Romans 15:9-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45015009.01-5">and in order that the Gentiles might glorify God for his mercy. As it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45015009.17-5">“Therefore I will praise you among the Gentiles,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and sing to your name.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p45015010.01-5">And again it is said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45015010.06-5">“Rejoice, O Gentiles, with his people.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p45015011.01-5">And again,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45015011.03-5">“Praise the Lord, all you Gentiles,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and let all the peoples extol him.”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p45015012.01-5">And again Isaiah says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45015012.05-5">“The root of Jesse will come,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>even he who arises to rule the Gentiles;<br/> in him will the Gentiles hope.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 7:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the unbelieving husband is made holy because of his wife, and the unbelieving wife is made holy because of her husband. Otherwise your children would be unclean, but as it is, they are holy.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.”</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 17:7-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And I will establish my covenant between me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations for an everlasting covenant, to be God to you and to your offspring after you. And I will give to you and to your offspring after you the land of your sojournings, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession, and I will be their God.”</p> <p>And God said to Abraham, “As for you, you shall keep my covenant, you and your offspring after you throughout their generations. This is my covenant, which you shall keep, between me and you and your offspring after you: Every male among you shall be circumcised. You shall be circumcised in the flesh of your foreskins, and it shall be a sign of the covenant between me and you. He who is eight days old among you shall be circumcised. Every male throughout your generations, whether born in your house or bought with your money from any foreigner who is not of your offspring,</p> </div> <h5>Ezekiel 16:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And you took your sons and your daughters, whom you had borne to me, and these you sacrificed to them to be devoured. Were your whorings so small a matter that you slaughtered my children and delivered them up as an offering by fire to them?</p> </div> <h5>Romans 11:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If the dough offered as firstfruits is holy, so is the whole lump, and if the root is holy, so are the branches.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Know then that it is those of faith who are the sons of Abraham.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>So then, those who are of faith are blessed along with Abraham, the man of faith.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>so that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promised Spirit through faith.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 4:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and to make him the father of the circumcised who are not merely circumcised but who also walk in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had before he was circumcised.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>That is why it depends on faith, in order that the promise may rest on grace and be guaranteed to all his offspring—not only to the adherent of the law but also to the one who shares the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all,</p> </div> <h5>Romans 4:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>but for ours also. It will be counted to us who believe in him who raised from the dead Jesus our Lord,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 13:47</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Again, the kingdom of heaven is like a net that was thrown into the sea and gathered fish of every kind.</span></p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 9:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Of the increase of his government and of peace<br/> <span class="indent"></span>there will be no end,<br/> on the throne of David and over his kingdom,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to establish it and to uphold it<br/> with justice and with righteousness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from this time forth and forevermore.<br/> The zeal of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts will do this.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Luke 1:32-33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. And the Lord God will give to him the throne of his father David, and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end.”</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:30-36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Being therefore a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him that he would set one of his descendants on his throne, he foresaw and spoke about the resurrection of the Christ, that he was not abandoned to Hades, nor did his flesh see corruption. This Jesus God raised up, and of that we all are witnesses. Being therefore exalted at the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out this that you yourselves are seeing and hearing. For David did not ascend into the heavens, but he himself says,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“‘The Lord said to my Lord,<br/> “Sit at my right hand,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>until I make your enemies your footstool.”’</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">Let all the house of Israel therefore know for certain that God has made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified.”</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 1:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He has delivered us from the domain of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of his beloved Son,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002019.01-1">So then you are no longer strangers and aliens, but you are fellow citizens with the saints and members of the household of God,</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49003015.01-2">from whom every family in heaven and on earth is named,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 2:47</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>praising God and having favor with all the people. And the Lord added to their number day by day those who were being saved.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 21 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 65 — What special benefits do the members of the invisible church enjoy by Christ?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/20</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 65.</span> What special benefits do the members of the invisible church enjoy by Christ?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The members of the invisible church by Christ enjoy union and communion with him in grace and glory.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 17:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">that they may all be one, just as you, Father, are in me, and I in you, that they also may be in us, so that the world may believe that you have sent me.</span></p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 2:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>even when we were dead in our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ—by grace you have been saved—and raised us up with him and seated us with him in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus,</p> </div> <h5>John 17:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Father, I desire that they also, whom you have given me, may be with me where I am, to see my glory that you have given me because you loved me before the foundation of the world.</span></p> </div> <h5>1 John 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that which we have seen and heard we proclaim also to you, so that you too may have fellowship with us; and indeed our fellowship is with the Father and with his Son Jesus Christ.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 20 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 25.1 + WLC 64 — What is the invisible church?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/19</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 25: Of the Church</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> The catholic or universal church, which is invisible, consists of the whole number of the elect, that have been, are, or shall be gathered into one, under Christ the Head thereof; and is the spouse, the body, the fullness of him that filleth all in all.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 64.</span> What is the invisible church?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The invisible church is the whole number of the elect, that have been, are, or shall be gathered into one under Christ the head.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001010.01-1">as a plan for the fullness of time, to unite all things in him, things in heaven and things on earth.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001022.01-2">And he put all things under his feet and gave him as head over all things to the church, which is his body, the fullness of him who fills all in all.</p> </div><h5>John 10:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43010016.01-3"><span class="woc">And I have other sheep that are not of this fold. I must bring them also, and they will listen to my voice. So there will be one flock, one shepherd.</span></p> </div><h5>John 11:52</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43011052.01-4">and not for the nation only, but also to gather into one the children of God who are scattered abroad.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005023.01-5">For the husband is the head of the wife even as Christ is the head of the church, his body, and is himself its Savior.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005027.01-6">so that he might present the church to himself in splendor, without spot or wrinkle or any such thing, that she might be holy and without blemish.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005032.01-7">This mystery is profound, and I am saying that it refers to Christ and the church.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001010.01-1">as a plan for the fullness of time, to unite all things in him, things in heaven and things on earth.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 1:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001022.01-2">And he put all things under his feet and gave him as head over all things to the church, which is his body, the fullness of him who fills all in all.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005023.01-3">For the husband is the head of the wife even as Christ is the head of the church, his body, and is himself its Savior.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005027.01-4">so that he might present the church to himself in splendor, without spot or wrinkle or any such thing, that she might be holy and without blemish.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 5:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49005032.01-5">This mystery is profound, and I am saying that it refers to Christ and the church.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 1:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51001018.01-6">And he is the head of the body, the church. He is the beginning, the firstborn from the dead, that in everything he might be preeminent.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 19 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 24.6 — Of marriage and divorce, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/18</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 24: Of Marriage and Divorce</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> Although the corruption of man be such as is apt to study arguments unduly to put asunder those whom God hath joined together in marriage: yet, nothing but adultery, or such willful desertion as can no way be remedied by the church, or civil magistrate, is cause sufficient of dissolving the bond of marriage:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> wherein, a public and orderly course of proceeding is to be observed; and the persons concerned in it not left to their own wills, and discretion, in their own case.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 19:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019008.01-1">He said to them, <span class="woc">“Because of your hardness of heart Moses allowed you to divorce your wives, but from the beginning it was not so.</span> <span class="woc">And I say to you: whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 7:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007015.01-2">But if the unbelieving partner separates, let it be so. In such cases the brother or sister is not enslaved. God has called you to peace.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 19:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019006.01-3"><span class="woc">So they are no longer two but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let not man separate.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 24:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05024001.04-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v05024001-1">24:1 </span>“When a man takes a wife and marries her, if then she finds no favor in his eyes because he has found some indecency in her, and he writes her a certificate of divorce and puts it in her hand and sends her out of his house, and she departs out of his house, and if she goes and becomes another man's wife, and the latter man hates her and writes her a certificate of divorce and puts it in her hand and sends her out of his house, or if the latter man dies, who took her to be his wife, then her former husband, who sent her away, may not take her again to be his wife, after she has been defiled, for that is an abomination before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. And you shall not bring sin upon the land that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God is giving you for an inheritance.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 18 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 24.5 — Of marriage and divorce, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/17</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 24: Of Marriage and Divorce</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> Adultery or fornication committed after a contract, being detected before marriage, giveth just occasion to the innocent party to dissolve that contract.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> In the case of adultery after marriage, it is lawful for the innocent party to sue out a divorce:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and, after the divorce, to marry another, as if the offending party were dead.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 1:18-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now the birth of Jesus Christ took place in this way. When his mother Mary had been betrothed to Joseph, before they came together she was found to be with child from the Holy Spirit. And her husband Joseph, being a just man and unwilling to put her to shame, resolved to divorce her quietly. But as he considered these things, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared to him in a dream, saying, “Joseph, son of David, do not fear to take Mary as your wife, for that which is conceived in her is from the Holy Spirit.</p> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 22:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“If there is a betrothed virgin, and a man meets her in the city and lies with her, then you shall bring them both out to the gate of that city, and you shall stone them to death with stones, the young woman because she did not cry for help though she was in the city, and the man because he violated his neighbor’s wife. So you shall purge the evil from your midst.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:31-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005031.02-1"><span class="woc">“It was also said, ‘Whoever divorces his wife, let him give her a certificate of divorce.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you that everyone who divorces his wife, except on the ground of sexual immorality, makes her commit adultery, and whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 19:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40019009.01-1"><span class="woc">And I say to you: whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery.”</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 7:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007002.01-2">For a married woman is bound by law to her husband while he lives, but if her husband dies she is released from the law of marriage. Accordingly, she will be called an adulteress if she lives with another man while her husband is alive. But if her husband dies, she is free from that law, and if she marries another man she is not an adulteress.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 17 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 24.4 — Of marriage and divorce, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/16</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 24: Of Marriage and Divorce</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> Marriage ought not to be within the degrees of consanguinity or affinity forbidden by the Word.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> Nor can such incestuous marriages ever be made lawful by any law of man or consent of parties, so as those persons may live together as man and wife.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Leviticus 18:6-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“None of you shall approach any one of his close relatives to uncover nakedness. I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father, which is the nakedness of your mother; she is your mother, you shall not uncover her nakedness. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father’s wife; it is your father’s nakedness. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your sister, your father’s daughter or your mother’s daughter, whether brought up in the family or in another home. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your son’s daughter or of your daughter’s daughter, for their nakedness is your own nakedness. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father’s wife’s daughter, brought up in your father’s family, since she is your sister. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father’s sister; she is your father’s relative. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your mother’s sister, for she is your mother’s relative. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your father’s brother, that is, you shall not approach his wife; she is your aunt. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your daughter-in-law; she is your son’s wife, you shall not uncover her nakedness. You shall not uncover the nakedness of your brother’s wife; it is your brother’s nakedness. You shall not uncover the nakedness of a woman and of her daughter, and you shall not take her son’s daughter or her daughter’s daughter to uncover her nakedness; they are relatives; it is depravity.</p> </div> <h5>Leviticus 18:24-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Do not make yourselves unclean by any of these things, for by all these the nations I am driving out before you have become unclean, and the land became unclean, so that I punished its iniquity, and the land vomited out its inhabitants. But you shall keep my statutes and my rules and do none of these abominations, either the native or the stranger who sojourns among you (for the people of the land, who were before you, did all of these abominations, so that the land became unclean), lest the land vomit you out when you make it unclean, as it vomited out the nation that was before you. For everyone who does any of these abominations, the persons who do them shall be cut off from among their people. So keep my charge never to practice any of these abominable customs that were practiced before you, and never to make yourselves unclean by them: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God.”</p> </div> <h5>Leviticus 20:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>You shall not uncover the nakedness of your mother’s sister or of your father’s sister, for that is to make naked one’s relative; they shall bear their iniquity.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 5:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>It is actually reported that there is sexual immorality among you, and of a kind that is not tolerated even among pagans, for a man has his father’s wife.</p> </div> <h5>Amos 2:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">those who trample the head of the poor into the dust of the earth<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and turn aside the way of the afflicted;<br/> a man and his father go in to the same girl,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so that my holy name is profaned;</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 6:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41006018.01-1">For John had been saying to Herod, “It is not lawful for you to have your brother's wife.”</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 18:24-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p03018024.01-2">“Do not make yourselves unclean by any of these things, for by all these the nations I am driving out before you have become unclean, and the land became unclean, so that I punished its iniquity, and the land vomited out its inhabitants. But you shall keep my statutes and my rules and do none of these abominations, either the native or the stranger who sojourns among you (for the people of the land, who were before you, did all of these abominations, so that the land became unclean), lest the land vomit you out when you make it unclean, as it vomited out the nation that was before you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 16 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 24.3 — Of marriage and divorce, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/15</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 24: Of Marriage and Divorce</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> It is lawful for all sorts of people to marry, who are able with judgment to give their consent.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> Yet it is the duty of Christians to marry only in the Lord.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> And therefore such as profess the true reformed religion should not marry with infidels, papists, or other idolaters: neither should such as are godly be unequally yoked, by marrying with such as are notoriously wicked in their life, or maintain damnable heresies.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 13:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let marriage be held in honor among all, and let the marriage bed be undefiled, for God will judge the sexually immoral and adulterous.</p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 4:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>who forbid marriage and require abstinence from foods that God created to be received with thanksgiving by those who believe and know the truth.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 7:36-38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If anyone thinks that he is not behaving properly toward his betrothed, if his passions are strong, and it has to be, let him do as he wishes: let them marry—it is no sin. But whoever is firmly established in his heart, being under no necessity but having his desire under control, and has determined this in his heart, to keep her as his betrothed, he will do well. So then he who marries his betrothed does well, and he who refrains from marriage will do even better.</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 24:57-58</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>They said, “Let us call the young woman and ask her.” And they called Rebekah and said to her, “Will you go with this man?” She said, “I will go.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 7:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46007039.01-1">A wife is bound to her husband as long as he lives. But if her husband dies, she is free to be married to whom she wishes, only in the Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 34:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>They said to them, “We cannot do this thing, to give our sister to one who is uncircumcised, for that would be a disgrace to us.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 34:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and you take of their daughters for your sons, and their daughters whore after their gods and make your sons whore after their gods.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 6:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Do not be unequally yoked with unbelievers. For what partnership has righteousness with lawlessness? Or what fellowship has light with darkness?</p> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 7:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>You shall not intermarry with them, giving your daughters to their sons or taking their daughters for your sons, for they would turn away your sons from following me, to serve other gods. Then the anger of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> would be kindled against you, and he would destroy you quickly.</p> </div> <h5>1 Kings 11:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For when Solomon was old his wives turned away his heart after other gods, and his heart was not wholly true to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> his God, as was the heart of David his father.</p> </div> <h5>Nehemiah 13:25-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And I confronted them and cursed them and beat some of them and pulled out their hair. And I made them take an oath in the name of God, saying, “You shall not give your daughters to their sons, or take their daughters for your sons or for yourselves. Did not Solomon king of Israel sin on account of such women? Among the many nations there was no king like him, and he was beloved by his God, and God made him king over all Israel. Nevertheless, foreign women made even him to sin. Shall we then listen to you and do all this great evil and act treacherously against our God by marrying foreign women?”</p> </div> <h5>Malachi 2:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Judah has been faithless, and abomination has been committed in Israel and in Jerusalem. For Judah has profaned the sanctuary of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, which he loves, and has married the daughter of a foreign god. May the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> cut off from the tents of Jacob any descendant of the man who does this, who brings an offering to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts!</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 15 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 24.2 — Of marriage and divorce, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/14</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 24: Of Marriage and Divorce</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> Marriage was ordained for the mutual help of husband and wife,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> for the increase of mankind with legitimate issue, and of the church with an holy seed;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and for preventing of uncleanness.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God said, “It is not good that the man should be alone; I will make him a helper fit for him.”</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 5:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In the same way husbands should love their wives as their own bodies. He who loves his wife loves himself.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 3:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Likewise, husbands, live with your wives in an understanding way, showing honor to the woman as the weaker vessel, since they are heirs with you of the grace of life, so that your prayers may not be hindered.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 1:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And God blessed them. And God said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth and subdue it, and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the birds of the heavens and over every living thing that moves on the earth.”</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 9:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And God blessed Noah and his sons and said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth.</p> </div> <h5>Malachi 2:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Did he not make them one, with a portion of the Spirit in their union? And what was the one God seeking? Godly offspring. So guard yourselves in your spirit, and let none of you be faithless to the wife of your youth.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 7:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But because of the temptation to sexual immorality, each man should have his own wife and each woman her own husband.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 7:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But if they cannot exercise self-control, they should marry. For it is better to marry than to burn with passion.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 14 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 24.1 — Of marriage and divorce, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/13</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 24: Of Marriage and Divorce</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> Marriage is to be between one man and one woman: neither is it lawful for any man to have more than one wife, nor for any woman to have more than one husband, at the same time.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and they shall become one flesh.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 19:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>He answered, <span class="woc">“Have you not read that he who created them from the beginning made them male and female,</span> <span class="woc">and said, ‘Therefore a man shall leave his father and his mother and hold fast to his wife, and the two shall become one flesh’?</span> <span class="woc">So they are no longer two but one flesh. What therefore God has joined together, let not man separate.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 7:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Accordingly, she will be called an adulteress if she lives with another man while her husband is alive. But if her husband dies, she is free from that law, and if she marries another man she is not an adulteress.</p> </div> <h5>Proverbs 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">who forsakes the companion of her youth<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and forgets the covenant of her God;</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 13 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 23.4 — Of the civil magistrate, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/12</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 23: Of the Civil Magistrate</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> It is the duty of people to pray for magistrates,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> to honor their persons,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> to pay them tribute or other dues,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> to obey their lawful commands, and to be subject to their authority, for conscience' sake.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> Infidelity, or difference in religion, doth not make void the magistrates' just and legal authority, nor free the people from their due obedience to them:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> from which ecclesiastical persons are not exempted,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> much less hath the pope any power and jurisdiction over them in their dominions, or over any of their people; and, least of all, to deprive them of their dominions, or lives, if he shall judge them to be heretics, or upon any other pretense whatsoever.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002017.01-1">Honor everyone. Love the brotherhood. Fear God. Honor the emperor.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 22:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>They said, “Caesar’s.” Then he said to them, <span class="woc">“Therefore render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 13:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For because of this you also pay taxes, for the authorities are ministers of God, attending to this very thing. Pay to all what is owed to them: taxes to whom taxes are owed, revenue to whom revenue is owed, respect to whom respect is owed, honor to whom honor is owed.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 13:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45013005.01-1">Therefore one must be in subjection, not only to avoid God's wrath but also for the sake of conscience.</p> </div><h5>Titus 3:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p56003001.07-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v56003001-2">3:1 </span>Remind them to be submissive to rulers and authorities, to be obedient, to be ready for every good work,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 2:13-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Be subject for the Lord’s sake to every human institution, whether it be to the emperor as supreme, or to governors as sent by him to punish those who do evil and to praise those who do good. For this is the will of God, that by doing good you should put to silence the ignorance of foolish people. Live as people who are free, not using your freedom as a cover-up for evil, but living as servants of God.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 13:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 25:9-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But Festus, wishing to do the Jews a favor, said to Paul, “Do you wish to go up to Jerusalem and there be tried on these charges before me?” But Paul said, “I am standing before Caesar’s tribunal, where I ought to be tried. To the Jews I have done no wrong, as you yourself know very well. If then I am a wrongdoer and have committed anything for which I deserve to die, I do not seek to escape death. But if there is nothing to their charges against me, no one can give me up to them. I appeal to Caesar.”</p> </div> <h5>2 Peter 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But false prophets also arose among the people, just as there will be false teachers among you, who will secretly bring in destructive heresies, even denying the Master who bought them, bringing upon themselves swift destruction.</p> </div> <h5>2 Peter 2:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and especially those who indulge in the lust of defiling passion and despise authority.</p> <p>Bold and willful, they do not tremble as they blaspheme the glorious ones, whereas angels, though greater in might and power, do not pronounce a blasphemous judgment against them before the Lord.</p> </div> <h5>Jude 8-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Yet in like manner these people also, relying on their dreams, defile the flesh, reject authority, and blaspheme the glorious ones. But when the archangel Michael, contending with the devil, was disputing about the body of Moses, he did not presume to pronounce a blasphemous judgment, but said, “The Lord rebuke you.” But these people blaspheme all that they do not understand, and they are destroyed by all that they, like unreasoning animals, understand instinctively. Woe to them! For they walked in the way of Cain and abandoned themselves for the sake of gain to Balaam’s error and perished in Korah’s rebellion.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 10:42-44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Jesus called them to him and said to them, <span class="woc">“You know that those who are considered rulers of the Gentiles lord it over them, and their great ones exercise authority over them.</span> <span class="woc">But it shall not be so among you. But whoever would be great among you must be your servant,</span> <span class="woc">and whoever would be first among you must be slave of all.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 23:8-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But you are not to be called rabbi, for you have one teacher, and you are all brothers.</span> <span class="woc">And call no man your father on earth, for you have one Father, who is in heaven.</span> <span class="woc">Neither be called instructors, for you have one instructor, the Christ.</span> <span class="woc">The greatest among you shall be your servant.</span> <span class="woc">Whoever exalts himself will be humbled, and whoever humbles himself will be exalted.</span></p> </div> <h5>2 Timothy 2:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the Lord’s servant must not be quarrelsome but kind to everyone, able to teach, patiently enduring evil,</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 5:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>not domineering over those in your charge, but being examples to the flock.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 12 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 23.3 — Of the civil magistrate, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/11</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 23: Of the Civil Magistrate</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> Civil magistrates may not assume to themselves the administration of the Word and sacraments; or the power of the keys of the kingdom of heaven;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> or, in the least, interfere in matters of faith.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> Yet, as nursing fathers, it is the duty of civil magistrates to protect the church of our common Lord, without giving the preference to any denomination of Christians above the rest, in such a manner that all ecclesiastical persons whatever shall enjoy the full, free, and unquestioned liberty of discharging every part of their sacred functions, without violence or danger.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> And, as Jesus Christ hath appointed a regular government and discipline in his church, no law of any commonwealth should interfere with, let, or hinder, the due exercise thereof, among the voluntary members of any denomination of Christians, according to their own profession and belief.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> It is the duty of civil magistrates to protect the person and good name of all their people, in such an effectual manner as that no person be suffered, either upon pretense of religion or of infidelity, to offer any indignity, violence, abuse, or injury to any other person whatsoever: and to take order, that all religious and ecclesiastical assemblies be held without molestation or disturbance.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Chronicles 26:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and they withstood King Uzziah and said to him, “It is not for you, Uzziah, to burn incense to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, but for the priests, the sons of Aaron, who are consecrated to burn incense. Go out of the sanctuary, for you have done wrong, and it will bring you no honor from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God.”</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 18:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">If he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church. And if he refuses to listen even to the church, let him be to you as a Gentile and a tax collector.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 16:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven, and whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.”</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 12:28-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And God has appointed in the church first apostles, second prophets, third teachers, then miracles, then gifts of healing, helping, administrating, and various kinds of tongues. Are all apostles? Are all prophets? Are all teachers? Do all work miracles?</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 4:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ,</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 4:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>This is how one should regard us, as servants of Christ and stewards of the mysteries of God. Moreover, it is required of stewards that they be found faithful.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 10:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And how are they to preach unless they are sent? As it is written, “How beautiful are the feet of those who preach the good news!”</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 5:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And no one takes this honor for himself, but only when called by God, just as Aaron was.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 18:36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Jesus answered, <span class="woc">“My kingdom is not of this world. If my kingdom were of this world, my servants would have been fighting, that I might not be delivered over to the Jews. But my kingdom is not from the world.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 5:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But Peter and the apostles answered, “We must obey God rather than men.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 4:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">And he gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the shepherds and teachers, to equip the saints for the work of ministry, for building up the body of Christ,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 49:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23049023.01-1">Kings shall be your foster fathers,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their queens your nursing mothers.<br/> With their faces to the ground they shall bow down to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and lick the dust of your feet.<br/> Then you will know that I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>those who wait for me shall not be put to shame.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 13:1-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45013001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45013001-2">13:1 </span>Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God. Therefore whoever resists the authorities resists what God has appointed, and those who resist will incur judgment. For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Would you have no fear of the one who is in authority? Then do what is good, and you will receive his approval, for he is God's servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain. For he is the servant of God, an avenger who carries out God's wrath on the wrongdoer. Therefore one must be in subjection, not only to avoid God's wrath but also for the sake of conscience. For because of this you also pay taxes, for the authorities are ministers of God, attending to this very thing.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 105:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">saying, “Touch not my anointed ones,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>do my prophets no harm!”</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 13:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>for he is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain. For he is the servant of God, an avenger who carries out God’s wrath on the wrongdoer.</p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 2:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 11 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 23.2 — Of the civil magistrate, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/10</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 23: Of the Civil Magistrate</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> It is lawful for Christians to accept and execute the office of a magistrate, when called thereunto:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> in the managing whereof, as they ought especially to maintain piety, justice, and peace, according to the wholesome laws of each commonwealth;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> so, for that end, they may lawfully, now under the new testament, wage war, upon just and necessary occasion.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 41:39-43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Since God has shown you all this, there is none so discerning and wise as you are. You shall be over my house, and all my people shall order themselves as you command. Only as regards the throne will I be greater than you.” And Pharaoh said to Joseph, “See, I have set you over all the land of Egypt.” Then Pharaoh took his signet ring from his hand and put it on Joseph’s hand, and clothed him in garments of fine linen and put a gold chain about his neck. And he made him ride in his second chariot. And they called out before him, “Bow the knee!” Thus he set him over all the land of Egypt.</p> </div> <h5>Nehemiah 12:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>These were in the days of Joiakim the son of Jeshua son of Jozadak, and in the days of Nehemiah the governor and of Ezra, the priest and scribe.</p> </div> <h5>Nehemiah 13:15-31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In those days I saw in Judah people treading winepresses on the Sabbath, and bringing in heaps of grain and loading them on donkeys, and also wine, grapes, figs, and all kinds of loads, which they brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. And I warned them on the day when they sold food. Tyrians also, who lived in the city, brought in fish and all kinds of goods and sold them on the Sabbath to the people of Judah, in Jerusalem itself! Then I confronted the nobles of Judah and said to them, “What is this evil thing that you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day? Did not your fathers act in this way, and did not our God bring all this disaster on us and on this city? Now you are bringing more wrath on Israel by profaning the Sabbath.”</p> <p>As soon as it began to grow dark at the gates of Jerusalem before the Sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut and gave orders that they should not be opened until after the Sabbath. And I stationed some of my servants at the gates, that no load might be brought in on the Sabbath day. Then the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares lodged outside Jerusalem once or twice. But I warned them and said to them, “Why do you lodge outside the wall? If you do so again, I will lay hands on you.” From that time on they did not come on the Sabbath. Then I commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves and come and guard the gates, to keep the Sabbath day holy. Remember this also in my favor, O my God, and spare me according to the greatness of your steadfast love.</p> <p>In those days also I saw the Jews who had married women of Ashdod, Ammon, and Moab. And half of their children spoke the language of Ashdod, and they could not speak the language of Judah, but only the language of each people. And I confronted them and cursed them and beat some of them and pulled out their hair. And I made them take an oath in the name of God, saying, “You shall not give your daughters to their sons, or take their daughters for your sons or for yourselves. Did not Solomon king of Israel sin on account of such women? Among the many nations there was no king like him, and he was beloved by his God, and God made him king over all Israel. Nevertheless, foreign women made even him to sin. Shall we then listen to you and do all this great evil and act treacherously against our God by marrying foreign women?”</p> <p>And one of the sons of Jehoiada, the son of Eliashib the high priest, was the son-in-law of Sanballat the Horonite. Therefore I chased him from me. Remember them, O my God, because they have desecrated the priesthood and the covenant of the priesthood and the Levites.</p> <p>Thus I cleansed them from everything foreign, and I established the duties of the priests and Levites, each in his work; and I provided for the wood offering at appointed times, and for the firstfruits.</p> <p>Remember me, O my God, for good.</p> </div> <h5>Daniel 2:48-49</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then the king gave Daniel high honors and many great gifts, and made him ruler over the whole province of Babylon and chief prefect over all the wise men of Babylon. Daniel made a request of the king, and he appointed Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego over the affairs of the province of Babylon. But Daniel remained at the king’s court.</p> </div> <h5>Proverbs 8:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">By me kings reign,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and rulers decree what is just;<br/> by me princes rule,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and nobles, all who govern justly.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Romans 13:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God. Therefore whoever resists the authorities resists what God has appointed, and those who resist will incur judgment. For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Would you have no fear of the one who is in authority? Then do what is good, and you will receive his approval, for he is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain. For he is the servant of God, an avenger who carries out God’s wrath on the wrongdoer.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 2:10-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Now therefore, O kings, be wise;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>be warned, O rulers of the earth.<br/> Serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> with fear,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and rejoice with trembling.<br/> Kiss the Son,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>lest he be angry, and you perish in the way,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his wrath is quickly kindled.<br/> Blessed are all who take refuge in him.</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 2:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 82:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Give justice to the weak and the fatherless;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>maintain the right of the afflicted and the destitute.<br/> Rescue the weak and the needy;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>deliver them from the hand of the wicked.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Samuel 23:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The God of Israel has spoken;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the Rock of Israel has said to me:<br/> When one rules justly over men,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>ruling in the fear of God,</p> </div> </div> <h5>1 Peter 2:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Be subject for the Lord’s sake to every human institution, whether it be to the emperor as supreme,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Soldiers also asked him, “And we, what shall we do?” And he said to them, “Do not extort money from anyone by threats or by false accusation, and be content with your wages.”</p> </div> <h5>Romans 13:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>for he is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain. For he is the servant of God, an avenger who carries out God’s wrath on the wrongdoer.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 8:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I too am a man under authority, with soldiers under me. And I say to one, ‘Go,’ and he goes, and to another, ‘Come,’ and he comes, and to my servant, ‘Do this,’ and he does it.” When Jesus heard this, he marveled and said to those who followed him, <span class="woc">“Truly, I tell you, with no one in Israel have I found such faith.</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 10:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>At Caesarea there was a man named Cornelius, a centurion of what was known as the Italian Cohort, a devout man who feared God with all his household, gave alms generously to the people, and prayed continually to God.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 10 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 23.1 — Of the civil magistrate, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/09</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 23: Of the Civil Magistrate</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> God, the supreme Lord and King of all the world, hath ordained civil magistrates, to be, under him, over the people, for his own glory, and the public good: and, to this end, hath armed them with the power of the sword, for the defense and encouragement of them that are good, and for the punishment of evildoers.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 13:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let every person be subject to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those that exist have been instituted by God. Therefore whoever resists the authorities resists what God has appointed, and those who resist will incur judgment. For rulers are not a terror to good conduct, but to bad. Would you have no fear of the one who is in authority? Then do what is good, and you will receive his approval, for he is God’s servant for your good. But if you do wrong, be afraid, for he does not bear the sword in vain. For he is the servant of God, an avenger who carries out God’s wrath on the wrongdoer.</p> </div> <h5>1 Peter 2:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Be subject for the Lord’s sake to every human institution, whether it be to the emperor as supreme, or to governors as sent by him to punish those who do evil and to praise those who do good.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 09 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 22.7 — Of lawful oaths and vows, part 7</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/08</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 22: Of Lawful Oaths and Vows</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">7.</span> No man may vow to do anything forbidden in the Word of God, or what would hinder any duty therein commanded, or which is not in his own power, and for the performance whereof he hath no promise of ability from God.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> In which respects, popish monastical vows of perpetual single life, professed poverty, and regular obedience, are so far from being degrees of higher perfection, that they are superstitious and sinful snares, in which no Christian may entangle himself.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 23:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>When it was day, the Jews made a plot and bound themselves by an oath neither to eat nor drink till they had killed Paul. There were more than forty who made this conspiracy. They went to the chief priests and elders and said, “We have strictly bound ourselves by an oath to taste no food till we have killed Paul.</p> </div> <h5>Mark 6:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the king was exceedingly sorry, but because of his oaths and his guests he did not want to break his word to her.</p> </div> <h5>Numbers 30:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But if her father opposes her on the day that he hears of it, no vow of hers, no pledge by which she has bound herself shall stand. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will forgive her, because her father opposed her.</p> </div> <h5>Numbers 30:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But if, on the day that her husband comes to hear of it, he opposes her, then he makes void her vow that was on her, and the thoughtless utterance of her lips by which she bound herself. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will forgive her.</p> </div> <h5>Numbers 30:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But if her husband makes them null and void on the day that he hears them, then whatever proceeds out of her lips concerning her vows or concerning her pledge of herself shall not stand. Her husband has made them void, and the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will forgive her. Any vow and any binding oath to afflict herself, her husband may establish, or her husband may make void.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 19:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But he said to them, <span class="woc">“Not everyone can receive this saying, but only those to whom it is given.</span> <span class="woc">For there are eunuchs who have been so from birth, and there are eunuchs who have been made eunuchs by men, and there are eunuchs who have made themselves eunuchs for the sake of the kingdom of heaven. Let the one who is able to receive this receive it.”</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 7:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But because of the temptation to sexual immorality, each man should have his own wife and each woman her own husband.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 7:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But if they cannot exercise self-control, they should marry. For it is better to marry than to burn with passion.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 13:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let marriage be held in honor among all, and let the marriage bed be undefiled, for God will judge the sexually immoral and adulterous.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 4:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let the thief no longer steal, but rather let him labor, doing honest work with his own hands, so that he may have something to share with anyone in need.</p> </div> <h5>1 Thessalonians 4:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and to aspire to live quietly, and to mind your own affairs, and to work with your hands, as we instructed you, so that you may walk properly before outsiders and be dependent on no one.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 7:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>You were bought with a price; do not become bondservants of men.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 08 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 22.6 — Of lawful oaths and vows, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/07</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 22: Of Lawful Oaths and Vows</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> It is not to be made to any creature, but to God alone:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and, that it may be accepted, it is to be made voluntarily, out of faith, and conscience of duty, in way of thankfulness for mercy received, or for the obtaining of what we want, whereby we more strictly bind ourselves to necessary duties; or, to other things, so far and so long as they may fitly conduce thereunto.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 50:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Offer to God a sacrifice of thanksgiving,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and perform your vows to the Most High,</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 76:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Make your vows to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God and perform them;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let all around him bring gifts<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to him who is to be feared,</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 116:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I will pay my vows to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the presence of all his people.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 23:21-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“If you make a vow to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, you shall not delay fulfilling it, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God will surely require it of you, and you will be guilty of sin. But if you refrain from vowing, you will not be guilty of sin. You shall be careful to do what has passed your lips, for you have voluntarily vowed to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God what you have promised with your mouth.</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 28:20-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then Jacob made a vow, saying, “If God will be with me and will keep me in this way that I go, and will give me bread to eat and clothing to wear, so that I come again to my father’s house in peace, then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shall be my God, and this stone, which I have set up for a pillar, shall be God’s house. And of all that you give me I will give a full tenth to you.”</p> </div> <h5>1 Samuel 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And she vowed a vow and said, “O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts, if you will indeed look on the affliction of your servant and remember me and not forget your servant, but will give to your servant a son, then I will give him to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> all the days of his life, and no razor shall touch his head.”</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 66:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I will come into your house with burnt offerings;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will perform my vows to you,<br/> that which my lips uttered<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my mouth promised when I was in trouble.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 132:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">how he swore to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>and vowed to the Mighty One of Jacob,</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 07 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 22.5 — Of lawful oaths and vows, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/06</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 22: Of Lawful Oaths and Vows</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> A vow is of the like nature with a promissory oath, and ought to be made with the like religious care, and to be performed with the like faithfulness.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Numbers 30:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If a man vows a vow to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, or swears an oath to bind himself by a pledge, he shall not break his word. He shall do according to all that proceeds out of his mouth.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 19:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will make himself known to the Egyptians, and the Egyptians will know the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in that day and worship with sacrifice and offering, and they will make vows to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and perform them.</p> </div> <h5>Ecclesiastes 5:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>When you vow a vow to God, do not delay paying it, for he has no pleasure in fools. Pay what you vow. It is better that you should not vow than that you should vow and not pay. Let not your mouth lead you into sin, and do not say before the messenger that it was a mistake. Why should God be angry at your voice and destroy the work of your hands?</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 61:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">So will I ever sing praises to your name,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as I perform my vows day after day.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 66:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I will come into your house with burnt offerings;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will perform my vows to you,<br/> that which my lips uttered<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my mouth promised when I was in trouble.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 06 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 22.4 — Of lawful oaths and vows, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/05</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 22: Of Lawful Oaths and Vows</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> An oath is to be taken in the plain and common sense of the words, without equivocation, or mental reservation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> It cannot oblige to sin; but in anything not sinful, being taken, it binds to performance, although to a man's own hurt.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> Nor is it to be violated, although made to heretics, or infidels.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24004002.01-1">and if you swear, ‘As the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> lives,’<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in truth, in justice, and in righteousness,<br/> then nations shall bless themselves in him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and in him shall they glory.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 24:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19024004.01-2">He who has clean hands and a pure heart,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who does not lift up his soul to what is false<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and does not swear deceitfully.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 25:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09025022.01-1">God do so to the enemies of David and more also, if by morning I leave so much as one male of all who belong to him.”</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 25:32-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09025032.01-2">And David said to Abigail, “Blessed be the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel, who sent you this day to meet me! Blessed be your discretion, and blessed be you, who have kept me this day from bloodguilt and from avenging myself with my own hand! For as surely as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel, lives, who has restrained me from hurting you, unless you had hurried and come to meet me, truly by morning there had not been left to Nabal so much as one male.”</p> </div><h5>Psalm 15:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19015004.01-3">in whose eyes a vile person is despised,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but who honors those who fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> who swears to his own hurt and does not change;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ezekiel 17:16-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“As I live, declares the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>, surely in the place where the king dwells who made him king, whose oath he despised, and whose covenant with him he broke, in Babylon he shall die. Pharaoh with his mighty army and great company will not help him in war, when mounds are cast up and siege walls built to cut off many lives. He despised the oath in breaking the covenant, and behold, he gave his hand and did all these things; he shall not escape. Therefore thus says the Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>: As I live, surely it is my oath that he despised, and my covenant that he broke. I will return it upon his head.</p> </div> <h5>Joshua 9:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But the people of Israel did not attack them, because the leaders of the congregation had sworn to them by the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel. Then all the congregation murmured against the leaders. But all the leaders said to all the congregation, “We have sworn to them by the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel, and now we may not touch them.</p> </div> <h5>2 Samuel 21:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now there was a famine in the days of David for three years, year after year. And David sought the face of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said, “There is bloodguilt on Saul and on his house, because he put the Gibeonites to death.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 05 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 22.3 — Of lawful oaths and vows, part 3</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/04</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 22: Of Lawful Oaths and Vows</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> Whosoever taketh an oath ought duly to consider the weightiness of so solemn an act, and therein to avouch nothing but what he is fully persuaded is the truth:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> neither may any man bind himself by oath to anything but what is good and just, and what he believeth so to be, and what he is able and resolved to perform.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“You shall not take the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in vain, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.</p> </div> <h5>Leviticus 19:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>You shall not swear by my name falsely, and so profane the name of your God: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">and if you swear, ‘As the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> lives,’<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in truth, in justice, and in righteousness,<br/> then nations shall bless themselves in him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and in him shall they glory.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Hosea 10:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">They utter mere words;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>with empty oaths they make covenants;<br/> so judgment springs up like poisonous weeds<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the furrows of the field.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 24:2-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Abraham said to his servant, the oldest of his household, who had charge of all that he had, “Put your hand under my thigh, that I may make you swear by the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of heaven and God of the earth, that you will not take a wife for my son from the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I dwell, but will go to my country and to my kindred, and take a wife for my son Isaac.” The servant said to him, “Perhaps the woman may not be willing to follow me to this land. Must I then take your son back to the land from which you came?” Abraham said to him, “See to it that you do not take my son back there. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of heaven, who took me from my father’s house and from the land of my kindred, and who spoke to me and swore to me, ‘To your offspring I will give this land,’ he will send his angel before you, and you shall take a wife for my son from there. But if the woman is not willing to follow you, then you will be free from this oath of mine; only you must not take my son back there.” So the servant put his hand under the thigh of Abraham his master and swore to him concerning this matter.</p> </div> <h5>Nehemiah 5:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then they said, “We will restore these and require nothing from them. We will do as you say.” And I called the priests and made them swear to do as they had promised. I also shook out the fold of my garment and said, “So may God shake out every man from his house and from his labor who does not keep this promise. So may he be shaken out and emptied.” And all the assembly said “Amen” and praised the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. And the people did as they had promised.</p> </div> <h5>Ecclesiastes 5:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Be not rash with your mouth, nor let your heart be hasty to utter a word before God, for God is in heaven and you are on earth. Therefore let your words be few.</p> </div> <h5>Ecclesiastes 5:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>It is better that you should not vow than that you should vow and not pay.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 04 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 22.2 — Of lawful oaths and vows, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/03</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 22: Of Lawful Oaths and Vows</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> The name of God only is that by which men ought to swear, and therein it is to be used with all holy fear and reverence.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> Therefore, to swear vainly, or rashly, by that glorious and dreadful Name; or, to swear at all by any other thing, is sinful, and to be abhorred.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> Yet, as in matters of weight and moment, an oath is warranted by the Word of God, under the new testament as well as under the old;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> so a lawful oath, being imposed by lawful authority, in such matters, ought to be taken.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 6:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>It is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God you shall fear. Him you shall serve and by his name you shall swear.</p> </div> <h5>Joshua 23:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>that you may not mix with these nations remaining among you or make mention of the names of their gods or swear by them or serve them or bow down to them,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“You shall not take the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in vain, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.</p> </div> <h5>Jeremiah 5:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“How can I pardon you?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Your children have forsaken me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have sworn by those who are no gods.<br/> When I fed them to the full,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they committed adultery<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and trooped to the houses of whores.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Matthew 5:33-37</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Again you have heard that it was said to those of old, ‘You shall not swear falsely, but shall perform to the Lord what you have sworn.’</span> <span class="woc">But I say to you, Do not take an oath at all, either by heaven, for it is the throne of God,</span> <span class="woc">or by the earth, for it is his footstool, or by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the great King.</span> <span class="woc">And do not take an oath by your head, for you cannot make one hair white or black.</span> <span class="woc">Let what you say be simply ‘Yes’ or ‘No’; anything more than this comes from evil.</span></p> </div> <h5>James 5:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But above all, my brothers, do not swear, either by heaven or by earth or by any other oath, but let your “yes” be yes and your “no” be no, so that you may not fall under condemnation.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 6:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58006016.01-1">For people swear by something greater than themselves, and in all their disputes an oath is final for confirmation.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 1:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47001023.01-2">But I call God to witness against me—it was to spare you that I refrained from coming again to Corinth.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 65:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23065016.01-3">So that he who blesses himself in the land<br/> <span class="indent"></span>shall bless himself by the God of truth,<br/> and he who takes an oath in the land<br/> <span class="indent"></span>shall swear by the God of truth;<br/> because the former troubles are forgotten<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and are hidden from my eyes.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Kings 8:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11008031.01-1">“If a man sins against his neighbor and is made to take an oath and comes and swears his oath before your altar in this house,</p> </div><h5>Nehemiah 13:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16013025.01-2">And I confronted them and cursed them and beat some of them and pulled out their hair. And I made them take oath in the name of God, saying, “You shall not give your daughters to their sons, or take their daughters for your sons or for yourselves.</p> </div><h5>Ezra 10:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p15010005.01-3">Then Ezra arose and made the leading priests and Levites and all Israel take oath that they would do as had been said. So they took the oath.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 03 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 22.1 — Of lawful oaths and vows, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/02</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 22: Of Lawful Oaths and Vows</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> A lawful oath is a part of religious worship,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> wherein, upon just occasion, the person swearing solemnly calleth God to witness what he asserteth, or promiseth, and to judge him according to the truth or falsehood of what he sweareth.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 10:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>You shall fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. You shall serve him and hold fast to him, and by his name you shall swear.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 45:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">By myself I have sworn;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from my mouth has gone out in righteousness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a word that shall not return:<br/> ‘To me every knee shall bow,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>every tongue shall swear allegiance.’</p> </div> </div> <h5>Romans 14:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>for it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“As I live, says the Lord, every knee shall bow to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and every tongue shall confess to God.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Philippians 2:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>so that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“You shall not take the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God in vain, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will not hold him guiltless who takes his name in vain.</p> </div> <h5>Leviticus 19:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>You shall not swear by my name falsely, and so profane the name of your God: I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> <h5>Romans 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For God is my witness, whom I serve with my spirit in the gospel of his Son, that without ceasing I mention you</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 1:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But I call God to witness against me—it was to spare you that I refrained from coming again to Corinth.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 11:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The God and Father of the Lord Jesus, he who is blessed forever, knows that I am not lying.</p> </div> <h5>Galatians 1:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>(In what I am writing to you, before God, I do not lie!)</p> </div> <h5>2 Chronicles 6:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“If a man sins against his neighbor and is made to take an oath and comes and swears his oath before your altar in this house, then hear from heaven and act and judge your servants, repaying the guilty by bringing his conduct on his own head, and vindicating the righteous by rewarding him according to his righteousness.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 02 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 107 + WLC 196 — What doth the conclusion of the Lord's prayer teach us?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/10/01</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 107.</span> What doth the conclusion of the Lord's prayer teach us?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The conclusion of the Lord's Prayer, which is, For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen, teacheth us to take our encouragement in prayer from God only,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and in our prayers to praise him, ascribing kingdom, power, and glory to him;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> and, in testimony of our desire, and assurance to be heard, we say, Amen.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 196.</span> What doth the conclusion of the Lord's Prayer teach us?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The conclusion of the Lord's Prayer, (which is, For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever. Amen.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">4</sup>) teacheth us to enforce our petitions with arguments,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">5</sup> which are to be taken, not from any worthiness in ourselves, or in any other creature, but from God;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">6</sup> and with our prayers to join praises,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">7</sup> ascribing to God alone eternal sovereignty, omnipotency, and glorious excellency;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">8</sup> in regard whereof, as he is able and willing to help us,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">9</sup> so we by faith are emboldened to plead with him that he would,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">10</sup> and quietly to rely upon him, that he will fulfill our requests.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">11</sup> And, to testify this our desire and assurance, we say, Amen.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">12</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Daniel 9:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27009004.01-1">I prayed to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> my God and made confession, saying, “O Lord, the great and awesome God, who keeps covenant and steadfast love with those who love him and keep his commandments,</p> </div><h5>Daniel 9:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27009007.01-2">To you, O Lord, belongs righteousness, but to us open shame, as at this day, to the men of Judah, to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and to all Israel, those who are near and those who are far away, in all the lands to which you have driven them, because of the treachery that they have committed against you. To us, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, belongs open shame, to our kings, to our princes, and to our fathers, because we have sinned against you. To the Lord our God belong mercy and forgiveness, for we have rebelled against him</p> </div><h5>Daniel 9:16-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27009016.01-3">“O Lord, according to all your righteous acts, let your anger and your wrath turn away from your city Jerusalem, your holy hill, because for our sins, and for the iniquities of our fathers, Jerusalem and your people have become a byword among all who are around us. Now therefore, O our God, listen to the prayer of your servant and to his pleas for mercy, and for your own sake, O Lord, make your face to shine upon your sanctuary, which is desolate. O my God, incline your ear and hear. Open your eyes and see our desolations, and the city that is called by your name. For we do not present our pleas before you because of our righteousness, but because of your great mercy. O Lord, hear; O Lord, forgive. O Lord, pay attention and act. Delay not, for your own sake, O my God, because your city and your people are called by your name.”</p> </div><h5>Luke 18:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42018001.07-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v42018001-4">18:1 </span>And he told them a parable to the effect that they ought always to pray and not lose heart.</p> </div><h5>Luke 18:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42018007.01-5"><span class="woc">And will not God give justice to his elect, who cry to him day and night? Will he delay long over them?</span> <span class="woc">I tell you, he will give justice to them speedily. Nevertheless, when the Son of Man comes, will he find faith on earth?”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Chronicles 29:10-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p13029010.06-1">Therefore David blessed the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in the presence of all the assembly. And David said: “Blessed are you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel our father, forever and ever. Yours, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, is the greatness and the power and the glory and the victory and the majesty, for all that is in the heavens and in the earth is yours. Yours is the kingdom, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and you are exalted as head above all. Both riches and honor come from you, and you rule over all. In your hand are power and might, and in your hand it is to make great and to give strength to all. And now we thank you, our God, and praise your glorious name.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 1:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54001017.01-2">To the King of ages, immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 5:11-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p66005011.01-3">Then I looked, and I heard around the throne and the living creatures and the elders the voice of many angels, numbering myriads of myriads and thousands of thousands, saying with a loud voice, “Worthy is the Lamb who was slain, to receive power and wealth and wisdom and might and honor and glory and blessing!” And I heard every creature in heaven and on earth and under the earth and in the sea, and all that is in them, saying, “To him who sits on the throne and to the Lamb be blessing and honor and glory and might forever and ever!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 14:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46014016.01-1">Otherwise, if you give thanks with your spirit, how can anyone in the position of an outsider say “Amen” to your thanksgiving when he does not know what you are saying?</p> </div><h5>Revelation 22:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66022020.01-2">He who testifies to these things says, <span class="woc">“Surely I am coming soon.”</span> Amen. Come, Lord Jesus!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006013.01-1"><span class="woc">And lead us not into temptation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but deliver us from evil.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 15:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45015030.01-1">I appeal to you, brothers, by our Lord Jesus Christ and by the love of the Spirit, to strive together with me in your prayers to God on my behalf,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Daniel 9:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27009004.01-1">I prayed to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> my God and made confession, saying, “O Lord, the great and awesome God, who keeps covenant and steadfast love with those who love him and keep his commandments,</p> </div><h5>Daniel 9:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27009007.01-2">To you, O Lord, belongs righteousness, but to us open shame, as at this day, to the men of Judah, to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and to all Israel, those who are near and those who are far away, in all the lands to which you have driven them, because of the treachery that they have committed against you. To us, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, belongs open shame, to our kings, to our princes, and to our fathers, because we have sinned against you. To the Lord our God belong mercy and forgiveness, for we have rebelled against him</p> </div><h5>Daniel 9:16-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27009016.01-3">“O Lord, according to all your righteous acts, let your anger and your wrath turn away from your city Jerusalem, your holy hill, because for our sins, and for the iniquities of our fathers, Jerusalem and your people have become a byword among all who are around us. Now therefore, O our God, listen to the prayer of your servant and to his pleas for mercy, and for your own sake, O Lord, make your face to shine upon your sanctuary, which is desolate. O my God, incline your ear and hear. Open your eyes and see our desolations, and the city that is called by your name. For we do not present our pleas before you because of our righteousness, but because of your great mercy. O Lord, hear; O Lord, forgive. O Lord, pay attention and act. Delay not, for your own sake, O my God, because your city and your people are called by your name.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50004006.01-1">do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Chronicles 29:10-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p13029010.06-1">Therefore David blessed the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in the presence of all the assembly. And David said: “Blessed are you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel our father, forever and ever. Yours, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, is the greatness and the power and the glory and the victory and the majesty, for all that is in the heavens and in the earth is yours. Yours is the kingdom, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and you are exalted as head above all. Both riches and honor come from you, and you rule over all. In your hand are power and might, and in your hand it is to make great and to give strength to all. And now we thank you, our God, and praise your glorious name.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 1:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54001017.01-2">To the King of ages, immortal, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 5:11-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p66005011.01-3">Then I looked, and I heard around the throne and the living creatures and the elders the voice of many angels, numbering myriads of myriads and thousands of thousands, saying with a loud voice, “Worthy is the Lamb who was slain, to receive power and wealth and wisdom and might and honor and glory and blessing!” And I heard every creature in heaven and on earth and under the earth and in the sea, and all that is in them, saying, “To him who sits on the throne and to the Lamb be blessing and honor and glory and might forever and ever!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 3:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49003020.01-1">Now to him who is able to do far more abundantly than all that we ask or think, according to the power at work within us, to him be glory in the church and in Christ Jesus throughout all generations, forever and ever. Amen.</p> </div><h5>Luke 11:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42011013.01-2"><span class="woc">If you then, who are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will the heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him!”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Chronicles 20:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14020006.01-1">and said, “O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, God of our fathers, are you not God in heaven? You rule over all the kingdoms of the nations. In your hand are power and might, so that none is able to withstand you.</p> </div><h5>2 Chronicles 20:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14020011.01-2">behold, they reward us by coming to drive us out of your possession, which you have given us to inherit.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Chronicles 14:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14014011.01-1">And Asa cried to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> his God, “O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, there is none like you to help, between the mighty and the weak. Help us, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, for we rely on you, and in your name we have come against this multitude. O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, you are our God; let not man prevail against you.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 14:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46014016.01-1">Otherwise, if you give thanks with your spirit, how can anyone in the position of an outsider say “Amen” to your thanksgiving when he does not know what you are saying?</p> </div><h5>Revelation 22:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66022020.01-2">He who testifies to these things says, <span class="woc">“Surely I am coming soon.”</span> Amen. Come, Lord Jesus!</p> <p id="p66022021.01-2">The grace of the Lord Jesus be with all. Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 01 Oct 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 106 + WLC 195 — What do we pray for in the sixth petition?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/30</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 106.</span> What do we pray for in the sixth petition?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> In the sixth petition, which is, And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil, we pray that God would either keep us from being tempted to sin,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> or support and deliver us when we are tempted.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 195.</span> What do we pray for in the sixth petition?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> In the sixth petition, (which is, And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup>) acknowledging, that the most wise, righteous, and gracious God, for divers holy and just ends, may so order things, that we may be assaulted, foiled, and for a time led captive by temptations;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> that Satan,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup> the world,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">6</sup> and the flesh, are ready powerfully to draw us aside, and ensnare us;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">7</sup> and that we, even after the pardon of our sins, by reason of our corruption,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">8</sup> weakness, and want of watchfulness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">9</sup> are not only subject to be tempted, and forward to expose ourselves unto temptations,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">10</sup> but also of ourselves unable and unwilling to resist them, to recover out of them, and to improve them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">11</sup> and worthy to be left under the power of them:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">12</sup> we pray, that God would so overrule the world and all in it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">13</sup> subdue the flesh,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">14</sup> and restrain Satan,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">15</sup> order all things,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">16</sup> bestow and bless all means of grace,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">17</sup> and quicken us to watchfulness in the use of them, that we and all his people may by his providence be kept from being tempted to sin;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">18</sup> or, if tempted, that by his Spirit we may be powerfully supported and enabled to stand in the hour of temptation;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">19</sup> or when fallen, raised again and recovered out of it,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc18">20</sup> and have a sanctified use and improvement thereof:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc19">21</sup> that our sanctification and salvation may be perfected,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc20">22</sup> Satan trodden under our feet,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc21">23</sup> and we fully freed from sin, temptation, and all evil, forever.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc22">24</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 19:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19019013.01-1">Keep back your servant also from presumptuous sins;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let them not have dominion over me!<br/> Then I shall be blameless,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and innocent of great transgression.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 26:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026041.01-2"><span class="woc">Watch and pray that you may not enter into temptation. The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak.”</span></p> </div><h5>John 17:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017015.01-3"><span class="woc">I do not ask that you take them out of the world, but that you keep them from the evil one.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 22:31-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42022031.05-1"><span class="woc">“Simon, Simon, behold, Satan demanded to have you, that he might sift you like wheat,</span> <span class="woc">but I have prayed for you that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned again, strengthen your brothers.”</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 10:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010013.01-2">No temptation has overtaken you that is not common to man. God is faithful, and he will not let you be tempted beyond your ability, but with the temptation he will also provide the way of escape, that you may be able to endure it.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 12:7-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47012007.01-3">So to keep me from becoming conceited because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations, a thorn was given me in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to harass me, to keep me from becoming conceited. Three times I pleaded with the Lord about this, that it should leave me. But he said to me, <span class="woc">“My grace is sufficient for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.”</span> Therefore I will boast all the more gladly of my weaknesses, so that the power of Christ may rest upon me.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 2:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58002018.01-4">For because he himself has suffered when tempted, he is able to help those who are being tempted.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006013.01-1"><span class="woc">And lead us not into temptation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but deliver us from evil.</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 11:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42011004.01-2"><span class="woc">and forgive us our sins,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for we ourselves forgive everyone who is indebted to us.<br/> And lead us not into temptation.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Chronicles 32:31</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14032031.01-1">And so in the matter of the envoys of the princes of Babylon, who had been sent to him to inquire about the sign that had been done in the land, God left him to himself, in order to test him and to know all that was in his heart.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Chronicles 21:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p13021001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v13021001-1">21:1 </span>Then Satan stood against Israel and incited David to number Israel.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 21:34</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42021034.03-1"><span class="woc">“But watch yourselves lest your hearts be weighed down with dissipation and drunkenness and cares of this life, and that day come upon you suddenly like a trap.</span></p> </div><h5>Mark 4:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41004019.01-2"><span class="woc">but the cares of the world and the deceitfulness of riches and the desires for other things enter in and choke the word, and it proves unfruitful.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001014.01-1">But each person is tempted when he is lured and enticed by his own desire.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Galatians 5:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p48005017.01-1">For the desires of the flesh are against the Spirit, and the desires of the Spirit are against the flesh, for these are opposed to each other, to keep you from doing the things you want to do.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026041.01-1"><span class="woc">Watch and pray that you may not enter into temptation. The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:69-72</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40026069.04-1">Now Peter was sitting outside in the courtyard. And a servant girl came up to him and said, “You also were with Jesus the Galilean.” But he denied it before them all, saying, “I do not know what you mean.” And when he went out to the entrance, another servant girl saw him, and she said to the bystanders, “This man was with Jesus of Nazareth.” And again he denied it with an oath: “I do not know the man.”</p> </div><h5>Galatians 2:11-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p48002011.04-2">But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. For before certain men came from James, he was eating with the Gentiles; but when they came he drew back and separated himself, fearing the circumcision party. And the rest of the Jews acted hypocritically along with him, so that even Barnabas was led astray by their hypocrisy. But when I saw that their conduct was not in step with the truth of the gospel, I said to Cephas before them all, “If you, though a Jew, live like a Gentile and not like a Jew, how can you force the Gentiles to live like Jews?”</p> </div><h5>2 Chronicles 18:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14018003.01-3">Ahab king of Israel said to Jehoshaphat king of Judah, “Will you go with me to Ramoth-gilead?” He answered him, “I am as you are, my people as your people. We will be with you in the war.”</p> </div><h5>2 Chronicles 19:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14019002.01-4">But Jehu the son of Hanani the seer went out to meet him and said to King Jehoshaphat, “Should you help the wicked and love those who hate the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>? Because of this, wrath has gone out against you from the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 7:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007023.01-1">but I see in my members another law waging war against the law of my mind and making me captive to the law of sin that dwells in my members. Wretched man that I am! Who will deliver me from this body of death?</p> </div><h5>1 Chronicles 21:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p13021001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v13021001-2">21:1 </span>Then Satan stood against Israel and incited David to number Israel. So David said to Joab and the commanders of the army, “Go, number Israel, from Beersheba to Dan, and bring me a report, that I may know their number.” But Joab said, “May the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> add to his people a hundred times as many as they are! Are they not, my lord the king, all of them my lord's servants? Why then should my lord require this? Why should it be a cause of guilt for Israel?” But the king's word prevailed against Joab. So Joab departed and went throughout all Israel and came back to Jerusalem.</p> </div><h5>2 Chronicles 16:7-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14016007.01-3">At that time Hanani the seer came to Asa king of Judah and said to him, “Because you relied on the king of Syria, and did not rely on the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, the army of the king of Syria has escaped you. Were not the Ethiopians and the Libyans a huge army with very many chariots and horsemen? Yet because you relied on the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, he gave them into your hand. For the eyes of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> run to and fro throughout the whole earth, to give strong support to those whose heart is blameless toward him. You have done foolishly in this, for from now on you will have wars.” Then Asa was angry with the seer and put him in the stocks in prison, for he was in a rage with him because of this. And Asa inflicted cruelties upon some of the people at the same time.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 81:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19081011.01-1">“But my people did not listen to my voice;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Israel would not submit to me.<br/>  So I gave them over to their stubborn hearts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to follow their own counsels.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 17:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017015.01-1"><span class="woc">I do not ask that you take them out of the world, but that you keep them from the evil one.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 51:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051010.01-1">Create in me a clean heart, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and renew a right spirit within me.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 119:133</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119133.01-2">Keep steady my steps according to your promise,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and let no iniquity get dominion over me.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 12:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47012007.01-1">So to keep me from becoming conceited because of the surpassing greatness of the revelations, a thorn was given me in the flesh, a messenger of Satan to harass me, to keep me from becoming conceited. Three times I pleaded with the Lord about this, that it should leave me.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 10:12-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46010012.01-1">Therefore let anyone who thinks that he stands take heed lest he fall. No temptation has overtaken you that is not common to man. God is faithful, and he will not let you be tempted beyond your ability, but with the temptation he will also provide the way of escape, that you may be able to endure it.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 13:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58013020.02-1">Now may the God of peace who brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, the great shepherd of the sheep, by the blood of the eternal covenant, equip you with everything good that you may do his will, working in us that which is pleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever and ever. Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026041.01-1"><span class="woc">Watch and pray that you may not enter into temptation. The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak.”</span></p> </div><h5>Psalm 19:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19019013.01-2">Keep back your servant also from presumptuous sins;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let them not have dominion over me!<br/> Then I shall be blameless,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and innocent of great transgression.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 3:14-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49003014.05-1">For this reason I bow my knees before the Father, from whom every family in heaven and on earth is named, that according to the riches of his glory he may grant you to be strengthened with power through his Spirit in your inner being, so that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith—that you, being rooted and grounded in love,</p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52003013.01-2">so that he may establish your hearts blameless in holiness before our God and Father, at the coming of our Lord Jesus with all his saints.</p> </div><h5>Jude 1:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p65001024.02-3">Now to him who is able to keep you from stumbling and to present you blameless before the presence of his glory with great joy,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 51:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051012.01-1">Restore to me the joy of your salvation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and uphold me with a willing spirit.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc19"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Peter 5:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60005008.01-1">Be sober-minded; be watchful. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour. Resist him, firm in your faith, knowing that the same kinds of suffering are being experienced by your brotherhood throughout the world. And after you have suffered a little while, the God of all grace, who has called you to his eternal glory in Christ, will himself restore, confirm, strengthen, and establish you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc20"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 13:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47013007.01-1">But we pray to God that you may not do wrong—not that we may appear to have met the test, but that you may do what is right, though we may seem to have failed.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 13:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47013009.01-2">For we are glad when we are weak and you are strong. Your restoration is what we pray for.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc21"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 16:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45016020.01-1">The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you.</p> </div><h5>Luke 22:31-32</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42022031.05-2"><span class="woc">“Simon, Simon, behold, Satan demanded to have you, that he might sift you like wheat,</span> <span class="woc">but I have prayed for you that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned again, strengthen your brothers.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc22"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 17:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017015.01-1"><span class="woc">I do not ask that you take them out of the world, but that you keep them from the evil one.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52005023.01-2">Now may the God of peace himself sanctify you completely, and may your whole spirit and soul and body be kept blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <title>WSC 105 + WLC 194 — What do we pray for in the fifth petition?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/29</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 105.</span> What do we pray for in the fifth petition?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> In the fifth petition, which is, And forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors, we pray that God, for Christ's sake, would freely pardon all our sins;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> which we are the rather encouraged to ask, because by his grace we are enabled from the heart to forgive others.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 194.</span> What do we pray for in the fifth petition?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> In the fifth petition, (which is, Forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup>) acknowledging, that we and all others are guilty both of original and actual sin, and thereby become debtors to the justice of God; and that neither we, nor any other creature, can make the least satisfaction for that debt:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> we pray for ourselves and others, that God of his free grace would, through the obedience and satisfaction of Christ, apprehended and applied by faith, acquit us both from the guilt and punishment of sin,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup> accept us in his Beloved;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">6</sup> continue his favor and grace to us,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">7</sup> pardon our daily failings,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">8</sup> and fill us with peace and joy, in giving us daily more and more assurance of forgiveness;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">9</sup> which we are the rather emboldened to ask, and encouraged to expect, when we have this testimony in ourselves, that we from the heart forgive others their offenses.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">10</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 51:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051001.30-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19051001-1">51:1 </span>Have mercy on me, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>according to your steadfast love;<br/> according to your abundant mercy<br/> <span class="indent"></span>blot out my transgressions.<br/>  Wash me thoroughly from my iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and cleanse me from my sin!</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 51:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051007.01-2">Purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 51:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051009.01-3">Hide your face from my sins,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and blot out all my iniquities.</p> </div> </div><h5>Daniel 9:17-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27009017.01-4">Now therefore, O our God, listen to the prayer of your servant and to his pleas for mercy, and for your own sake, O Lord, make your face to shine upon your sanctuary, which is desolate. O my God, incline your ear and hear. Open your eyes and see our desolations, and the city that is called by your name. For we do not present our pleas before you because of our righteousness, but because of your great mercy. O Lord, hear; O Lord, forgive. O Lord, pay attention and act. Delay not, for your own sake, O my God, because your city and your people are called by your name.”</p> </div><h5>1 John 1:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62001007.01-5">But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from all sin.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 18:21-35</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40018021.07-1">Then Peter came up and said to him, “Lord, how often will my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? As many as seven times?” Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“I do not say to you seven times, but seventy times seven.</span></p> <p id="p40018023.01-1"><span class="woc">“Therefore the kingdom of heaven may be compared to a king who wished to settle accounts with his servants.</span> <span class="woc">When he began to settle, one was brought to him who owed him ten thousand talents.</span> <span class="woc">And since he could not pay, his master ordered him to be sold, with his wife and children and all that he had, and payment to be made.</span> <span class="woc">So the servant fell on his knees, imploring him, ‘Have patience with me, and I will pay you everything.’</span> <span class="woc">And out of pity for him, the master of that servant released him and forgave him the debt.</span> <span class="woc">But when that same servant went out, he found one of his fellow servants who owed him a hundred denarii, and seizing him, he began to choke him, saying, ‘Pay what you owe.’</span> <span class="woc">So his fellow servant fell down and pleaded with him, ‘Have patience with me, and I will pay you.’</span> <span class="woc">He refused and went and put him in prison until he should pay the debt.</span> <span class="woc">When his fellow servants saw what had taken place, they were greatly distressed, and they went and reported to their master all that had taken place.</span> <span class="woc">Then his master summoned him and said to him, ‘You wicked servant! I forgave you all that debt because you pleaded with me.</span> <span class="woc">And should not you have had mercy on your fellow servant, as I had mercy on you?’</span> <span class="woc">And in anger his master delivered him to the jailers, until he should pay all his debt.</span> <span class="woc">So also my heavenly Father will do to every one of you, if you do not forgive your brother from your heart.”</span></p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004032.01-2">Be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, as God in Christ forgave you.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003013.01-3">bearing with one another and, if one has a complaint against another, forgiving each other; as the Lord has forgiven you, so you also must forgive.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006012.01-1"><span class="woc">and forgive us our debts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as we also have forgiven our debtors.</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 11:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42011004.01-2"><span class="woc">and forgive us our sins,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for we ourselves forgive everyone who is indebted to us.<br/> And lead us not into temptation.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:9-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45003009.05-1">What then? Are we Jews any better off? No, not at all. For we have already charged that all, both Jews and Greeks, are under sin, as it is written:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45003010.05-1">“None is righteous, no, not one;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one understands;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one seeks for God.<br/>  All have turned aside; together they have become worthless;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>no one does good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>not even one.”<br/>  “Their throat is an open grave;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they use their tongues to deceive.”<br/> “The venom of asps is under their lips.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Their mouth is full of curses and bitterness.”<br/>  “Their feet are swift to shed blood;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in their paths are ruin and misery,<br/>  and the way of peace they have not known.”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“There is no fear of God before their eyes.”</p> </div> <p id="p45003019.01-1">Now we know that whatever the law says it speaks to those who are under the law, so that every mouth may be stopped, and the whole world may be held accountable to God. For by works of the law no human being will be justified in his sight, since through the law comes knowledge of sin.</p> <p id="p45003021.07-1">But now the righteousness of God has been manifested apart from the law, although the Law and the Prophets bear witness to it— the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all who believe. For there is no distinction:</p> </div><h5>Matthew 18:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40018024.01-2"><span class="woc">When he began to settle, one was brought to him who owed him ten thousand talents.</span> <span class="woc">And since he could not pay, his master ordered him to be sold, with his wife and children and all that he had, and payment to be made.</span></p> </div><h5>Psalm 130:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19130003.01-3">If you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, should mark iniquities,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O Lord, who could stand?<br/>  But with you there is forgiveness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that you may be feared.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 3:24-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45003024.01-1">and are justified by his grace as a gift, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God's righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins. It was to show his righteousness at the present time, so that he might be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 9:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58009022.01-2">Indeed, under the law almost everything is purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness of sins.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001006.01-1">to the praise of his glorious grace, with which he has blessed us in the Beloved. In him we have redemption through his blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of his grace,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Peter 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="chapter-first" id="p61001002.01-1">May grace and peace be multiplied to you in the knowledge of God and of Jesus our Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hosea 14:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p28014002.01-1">Take with you words<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and return to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> say to him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Take away all iniquity;<br/> accept what is good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and we will pay with bulls<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the vows of our lips.</p> </div> </div><h5>Jeremiah 14:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24014007.01-2">“Though our iniquities testify against us,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>act, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, for your name's sake;<br/> for our backslidings are many;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>we have sinned against you.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 John 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62001009.01-3">If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.</p> </div><h5>Daniel 9:17-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27009017.01-4">Now therefore, O our God, listen to the prayer of your servant and to his pleas for mercy, and for your own sake, O Lord, make your face to shine upon your sanctuary, which is desolate. O my God, incline your ear and hear. Open your eyes and see our desolations, and the city that is called by your name. For we do not present our pleas before you because of our righteousness, but because of your great mercy. O Lord, hear; O Lord, forgive. O Lord, pay attention and act. Delay not, for your own sake, O my God, because your city and your people are called by your name.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 15:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p45015013.01-1">May the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believing, so that by the power of the Holy Spirit you may abound in hope.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 51:7-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051007.01-2">Purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow.<br/>  Let me hear joy and gladness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let the bones that you have broken rejoice.<br/>  Hide your face from my sins,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and blot out all my iniquities.<br/>  Create in me a clean heart, O God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and renew a right spirit within me.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 51:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051012.01-3">Restore to me the joy of your salvation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and uphold me with a willing spirit.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 11:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42011004.01-1"><span class="woc">and forgive us our sins,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for we ourselves forgive everyone who is indebted to us.<br/> And lead us not into temptation.”</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 6:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p40006014.01-2"><span class="woc">For if you forgive others their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you,</span> <span class="woc">but if you do not forgive others their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses.</span></p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004032.01-3">Be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, as God in Christ forgave you.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003013.01-4">bearing with one another and, if one has a complaint against another, forgiving each other; as the Lord has forgiven you, so you also must forgive.</p> </div><h5>Matthew 18:21-35</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40018021.07-5">Then Peter came up and said to him, “Lord, how often will my brother sin against me, and I forgive him? As many as seven times?” Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“I do not say to you seven times, but seventy times seven.</span></p> <p id="p40018023.01-5"><span class="woc">“Therefore the kingdom of heaven may be compared to a king who wished to settle accounts with his servants.</span> <span class="woc">When he began to settle, one was brought to him who owed him ten thousand talents.</span> <span class="woc">And since he could not pay, his master ordered him to be sold, with his wife and children and all that he had, and payment to be made.</span> <span class="woc">So the servant fell on his knees, imploring him, ‘Have patience with me, and I will pay you everything.’</span> <span class="woc">And out of pity for him, the master of that servant released him and forgave him the debt.</span> <span class="woc">But when that same servant went out, he found one of his fellow servants who owed him a hundred denarii, and seizing him, he began to choke him, saying, ‘Pay what you owe.’</span> <span class="woc">So his fellow servant fell down and pleaded with him, ‘Have patience with me, and I will pay you.’</span> <span class="woc">He refused and went and put him in prison until he should pay the debt.</span> <span class="woc">When his fellow servants saw what had taken place, they were greatly distressed, and they went and reported to their master all that had taken place.</span> <span class="woc">Then his master summoned him and said to him, ‘You wicked servant! I forgave you all that debt because you pleaded with me.</span> <span class="woc">And should not you have had mercy on your fellow servant, as I had mercy on you?’</span> <span class="woc">And in anger his master delivered him to the jailers, until he should pay all his debt.</span> <span class="woc">So also my heavenly Father will do to every one of you, if you do not forgive your brother from your heart.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 104 + WLC 193 — What do we pray for in the fourth petition?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/28</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 104.</span> What do we pray for in the fourth petition?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> In the fourth petition, which is, Give us this day our daily bread, we pray that of God's free gift we may receive a competent portion of the good things of this life, and enjoy his blessing with them.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 193.</span> What do we pray for in the fourth petition?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> In the fourth petition, (which is, Give us this day our daily bread,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">2</sup>) acknowledging, that in Adam, and by our own sin, we have forfeited our right to all the outward blessings of this life, and deserve to be wholly deprived of them by God, and to have them cursed to us in the use of them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">3</sup> and that neither they of themselves are able to sustain us,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">4</sup> nor we to merit,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">5</sup> or by our own industry to procure them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">6</sup> but prone to desire,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">7</sup> get,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">8</sup> and use them unlawfully:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">9</sup> we pray for ourselves and others, that both they and we, waiting upon the providence of God from day to day in the use of lawful means, may, of his free gift, and as to his fatherly wisdom shall seem best, enjoy a competent portion of them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">10</sup> and have the same continued and blessed unto us in our holy and comfortable use of them,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">11</sup> and contentment in them;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">12</sup> and be kept from all things that are contrary to our temporal support and comfort.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">13</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 30:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20030008.01-1">Remove far from me falsehood and lying;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me neither poverty nor riches;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>feed me with the food that is needful for me,<br/>  lest I be full and deny you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and say, “Who is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>?”<br/> or lest I be poor and steal<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and profane the name of my God.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 6:31-34</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006031.01-2"><span class="woc">Therefore do not be anxious, saying, ‘What shall we eat?’ or ‘What shall we drink?’ or ‘What shall we wear?’</span> <span class="woc">For the Gentiles seek after all these things, and your heavenly Father knows that you need them all.</span> <span class="woc">But seek first the kingdom of God and his righteousness, and all these things will be added to you.</span></p> <p id="p40006034.01-2"><span class="woc">“Therefore do not be anxious about tomorrow, for tomorrow will be anxious for itself. Sufficient for the day is its own trouble.</span></p> </div><h5>Philippians 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50004011.01-3">Not that I am speaking of being in need, for I have learned in whatever situation I am to be content.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 4:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50004019.01-4">And my God will supply every need of yours according to his riches in glory in Christ Jesus.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 6:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006006.01-5">Now there is great gain in godliness with contentment, for we brought nothing into the world, and we cannot take anything out of the world. But if we have food and clothing, with these we will be content.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006011.01-1"><span class="woc">Give us this day our daily bread,</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 11:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42011003.01-2"><span class="woc">Give us each day our daily bread,</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002017.01-1">but of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”</p> </div><h5>Genesis 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01003017.01-2">And to Adam he said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p01003017.06-2">“Because you have listened to the voice of your wife<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have eaten of the tree<br/> of which I commanded you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>‘You shall not eat of it,’<br/> cursed is the ground because of you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in pain you shall eat of it all the days of your life;</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 8:20-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008020.01-3">For the creation was subjected to futility, not willingly, but because of him who subjected it, in hope that the creation itself will be set free from its bondage to corruption and obtain the freedom of the glory of the children of God. For we know that the whole creation has been groaning together in the pains of childbirth until now.</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 5:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24005025.01-4">Your iniquities have turned these away,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your sins have kept good from you.</p> </div> </div><h5>Deuteronomy 28:15-68</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p05028015.04-5">“But if you will not obey the voice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God or be careful to do all his commandments and his statutes that I command you today, then all these curses shall come upon you and overtake you. Cursed shall you be in the city, and cursed shall you be in the field. Cursed shall be your basket and your kneading bowl. Cursed shall be the fruit of your womb and the fruit of your ground, the increase of your herds and the young of your flock. Cursed shall you be when you come in, and cursed shall you be when you go out.</p> <p id="p05028020.01-5">“The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will send on you curses, confusion, and frustration in all that you undertake to do, until you are destroyed and perish quickly on account of the evil of your deeds, because you have forsaken me. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will make the pestilence stick to you until he has consumed you off the land that you are entering to take possession of it. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will strike you with wasting disease and with fever, inflammation and fiery heat, and with drought and with blight and with mildew. They shall pursue you until you perish. And the heavens over your head shall be bronze, and the earth under you shall be iron. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will make the rain of your land powder. From heaven dust shall come down on you until you are destroyed.</p> <p id="p05028025.01-5">“The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will cause you to be defeated before your enemies. You shall go out one way against them and flee seven ways before them. And you shall be a horror to all the kingdoms of the earth. And your dead body shall be food for all birds of the air and for the beasts of the earth, and there shall be no one to frighten them away. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will strike you with the boils of Egypt, and with tumors and scabs and itch, of which you cannot be healed. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will strike you with madness and blindness and confusion of mind, and you shall grope at noonday, as the blind grope in darkness, and you shall not prosper in your ways. And you shall be only oppressed and robbed continually, and there shall be no one to help you. You shall betroth a wife, but another man shall ravish her. You shall build a house, but you shall not dwell in it. You shall plant a vineyard, but you shall not enjoy its fruit. Your ox shall be slaughtered before your eyes, but you shall not eat any of it. Your donkey shall be seized before your face, but shall not be restored to you. Your sheep shall be given to your enemies, but there shall be no one to help you. Your sons and your daughters shall be given to another people, while your eyes look on and fail with longing for them all day long, but you shall be helpless. A nation that you have not known shall eat up the fruit of your ground and of all your labors, and you shall be only oppressed and crushed continually, so that you are driven mad by the sights that your eyes see. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will strike you on the knees and on the legs with grievous boils of which you cannot be healed, from the sole of your foot to the crown of your head.</p> <p id="p05028036.01-5">“The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring you and your king whom you set over you to a nation that neither you nor your fathers have known. And there you shall serve other gods of wood and stone. And you shall become a horror, a proverb, and a byword among all the peoples where the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will lead you away. You shall carry much seed into the field and shall gather in little, for the locust shall consume it. You shall plant vineyards and dress them, but you shall neither drink of the wine nor gather the grapes, for the worm shall eat them. You shall have olive trees throughout all your territory, but you shall not anoint yourself with the oil, for your olives shall drop off. You shall father sons and daughters, but they shall not be yours, for they shall go into captivity. The cricket shall possess all your trees and the fruit of your ground. The sojourner who is among you shall rise higher and higher above you, and you shall come down lower and lower. He shall lend to you, and you shall not lend to him. He shall be the head, and you shall be the tail.</p> <p id="p05028045.01-5">“All these curses shall come upon you and pursue you and overtake you till you are destroyed, because you did not obey the voice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, to keep his commandments and his statutes that he commanded you. They shall be a sign and a wonder against you and your offspring forever. Because you did not serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with joyfulness and gladness of heart, because of the abundance of all things, therefore you shall serve your enemies whom the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will send against you, in hunger and thirst, in nakedness, and lacking everything. And he will put a yoke of iron on your neck until he has destroyed you. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring a nation against you from far away, from the end of the earth, swooping down like the eagle, a nation whose language you do not understand, a hard-faced nation who shall not respect the old or show mercy to the young. It shall eat the offspring of your cattle and the fruit of your ground, until you are destroyed; it also shall not leave you grain, wine, or oil, the increase of your herds or the young of your flock, until they have caused you to perish.</p> <p id="p05028052.01-5">“They shall besiege you in all your towns, until your high and fortified walls, in which you trusted, come down throughout all your land. And they shall besiege you in all your towns throughout all your land, which the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has given you. And you shall eat the fruit of your womb, the flesh of your sons and daughters, whom the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has given you, in the siege and in the distress with which your enemies shall distress you. The man who is the most tender and refined among you will begrudge food to his brother, to the wife he embraces, and to the last of the children whom he has left, so that he will not give to any of them any of the flesh of his children whom he is eating, because he has nothing else left, in the siege and in the distress with which your enemy shall distress you in all your towns. The most tender and refined woman among you, who would not venture to set the sole of her foot on the ground because she is so delicate and tender, will begrudge to the husband she embraces, to her son and to her daughter, her afterbirth that comes out from between her feet and her children whom she bears, because lacking everything she will eat them secretly, in the siege and in the distress with which your enemy shall distress you in your towns.</p> <p id="p05028058.01-5">“If you are not careful to do all the words of this law that are written in this book, that you may fear this glorious and awesome name, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, then the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring on you and your offspring extraordinary afflictions, afflictions severe and lasting, and sicknesses grievous and lasting. And he will bring upon you again all the diseases of Egypt, of which you were afraid, and they shall cling to you. Every sickness also and every affliction that is not recorded in the book of this law, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring upon you, until you are destroyed. Whereas you were as numerous as the stars of heaven, you shall be left few in number, because you did not obey the voice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. And as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> took delight in doing you good and multiplying you, so the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will take delight in bringing ruin upon you and destroying you. And you shall be plucked off the land that you are entering to take possession of it.</p> <p id="p05028064.01-5">“And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will scatter you among all peoples, from one end of the earth to the other, and there you shall serve other gods of wood and stone, which neither you nor your fathers have known. And among these nations you shall find no respite, and there shall be no resting place for the sole of your foot, but the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will give you there a trembling heart and failing eyes and a languishing soul. Your life shall hang in doubt before you. Night and day you shall be in dread and have no assurance of your life. In the morning you shall say, ‘If only it were evening!’ and at evening you shall say, ‘If only it were morning!’ because of the dread that your heart shall feel, and the sights that your eyes shall see. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will bring you back in ships to Egypt, a journey that I promised that you should never make again; and there you shall offer yourselves for sale to your enemies as male and female slaves, but there will be no buyer.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 8:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05008003.01-1">And he humbled you and let you hunger and fed you with manna, which you did not know, nor did your fathers know, that he might make you know that man does not live by bread alone, but man lives by every word that comes from the mouth of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 32:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01032010.01-1">I am not worthy of the least of all the deeds of steadfast love and all the faithfulness that you have shown to your servant, for with only my staff I crossed this Jordan, and now I have become two camps.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 8:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05008017.01-1">Beware lest you say in your heart, ‘My power and the might of my hand have gotten me this wealth.’ You shall remember the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God, for it is he who gives you power to get wealth, that he may confirm his covenant that he swore to your fathers, as it is this day.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 6:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24006013.01-1">“For from the least to the greatest of them,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>everyone is greedy for unjust gain;<br/> and from prophet to priest,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>everyone deals falsely.</p> </div> </div><h5>Mark 7:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41007021.01-2"><span class="woc">For from within, out of the heart of man, come evil thoughts, sexual immorality, theft, murder, adultery,</span> <span class="woc">coveting, wickedness, deceit, sensuality, envy, slander, pride, foolishness.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hosea 12:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p28012007.01-1">A merchant, in whose hands are false balances,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he loves to oppress.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 4:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59004003.01-1">You ask and do not receive, because you ask wrongly, to spend it on your passions.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 43:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01043012.01-1">Take double the money with you. Carry back with you the money that was returned in the mouth of your sacks. Perhaps it was an oversight. Take also your brother, and arise, go again to the man. May God Almighty grant you mercy before the man, and may he send back your other brother and Benjamin. And as for me, if I am bereaved of my children, I am bereaved.”</p> </div><h5>Genesis 28:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01028020.01-2">Then Jacob made a vow, saying, “If God will be with me and will keep me in this way that I go, and will give me bread to eat and clothing to wear,</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 4:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49004028.01-3">Let the thief no longer steal, but rather let him labor, doing honest work with his own hands, so that he may have something to share with anyone in need.</p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 3:11-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53003011.01-4">For we hear that some among you walk in idleness, not busy at work, but busybodies. Now such persons we command and encourage in the Lord Jesus Christ to do their work quietly and to earn their own living.</p> </div><h5>Philippians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50004006.01-5">do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 4:3-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54004003.01-1">who forbid marriage and require abstinence from foods that God created to be received with thanksgiving by those who believe and know the truth. For everything created by God is good, and nothing is to be rejected if it is received with thanksgiving, for it is made holy by the word of God and prayer.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 6:6-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54006006.01-1">Now there is great gain in godliness with contentment, for we brought nothing into the world, and we cannot take anything out of the world. But if we have food and clothing, with these we will be content.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Proverbs 30:8-9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p20030008.01-1">Remove far from me falsehood and lying;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me neither poverty nor riches;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>feed me with the food that is needful for me,<br/>  lest I be full and deny you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and say, “Who is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>?”<br/> or lest I be poor and steal<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and profane the name of my God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 28 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 103 + WLC 192 — What do we pray for in the third petition?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/27</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 103.</span> What do we pray for in the third petition?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> In the third petition, which is, Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven, we pray that God, by his grace, would make us able and willing to know, obey, and submit to his will in all things,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> as the angels do in heaven.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 192.</span> What do we pray for in the third petition?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> In the third petition, (which is, Thy will be done in earth, as it is in heaven,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup>) acknowledging, that by nature we and all men are not only utterly unable and unwilling to know and do the will of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> but prone to rebel against his Word,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup> to repine and murmur against his providence,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">6</sup> and wholly inclined to do the will of the flesh, and of the devil:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">7</sup> we pray, that God would by his Spirit take away from ourselves and others all blindness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">8</sup> weakness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">9</sup> indisposedness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">10</sup> and perverseness of heart;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">11</sup> and by his grace make us able and willing to know, do, and submit to his will in all things,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">12</sup> with the like humility,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">13</sup> cheerfulness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">14</sup> faithfulness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">15</sup> diligence,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">16</sup> zeal,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">17</sup> sincerity,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc16">18</sup> and constancy,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc17">19</sup> as the angels do in heaven.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc18">20</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 19:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19019014.01-1">Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart<br/> <span class="indent"></span>be acceptable in your sight,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, my rock and my redeemer.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 119</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119001.10-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19119001-2">119:1 </span> Blessed are those whose way is blameless,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who walk in the law of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!<br/>  Blessed are those who keep his testimonies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who seek him with their whole heart,<br/>  who also do no wrong,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but walk in his ways!<br/>  You have commanded your precepts<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to be kept diligently.<br/>  Oh that my ways may be steadfast<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in keeping your statutes!<br/>  Then I shall not be put to shame,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>having my eyes fixed on all your commandments.<br/>  I will praise you with an upright heart,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I learn your righteous rules.<br/>  I will keep your statutes;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>do not utterly forsake me!</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119009.02-2">How can a young man keep his way pure?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>By guarding it according to your word.<br/>  With my whole heart I seek you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let me not wander from your commandments!<br/>  I have stored up your word in my heart,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I might not sin against you.<br/>  Blessed are you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>teach me your statutes!<br/>  With my lips I declare<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all the rules of your mouth.<br/>  In the way of your testimonies I delight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as much as in all riches.<br/>  I will meditate on your precepts<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and fix my eyes on your ways.<br/>  I will delight in your statutes;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will not forget your word.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119017.02-2">Deal bountifully with your servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may live and keep your word.<br/>  Open my eyes, that I may behold<br/> <span class="indent"></span>wondrous things out of your law.<br/>  I am a sojourner on the earth;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>hide not your commandments from me!<br/>  My soul is consumed with longing<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for your rules at all times.<br/>  You rebuke the insolent, accursed ones,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who wander from your commandments.<br/>  Take away from me scorn and contempt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I have kept your testimonies.<br/>  Even though princes sit plotting against me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your servant will meditate on your statutes.<br/>  Your testimonies are my delight;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they are my counselors.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119025.02-2">My soul clings to the dust;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me life according to your word!<br/>  When I told of my ways, you answered me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>teach me your statutes!<br/>  Make me understand the way of your precepts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will meditate on your wondrous works.<br/>  My soul melts away for sorrow;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>strengthen me according to your word!<br/>  Put false ways far from me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and graciously teach me your law!<br/>  I have chosen the way of faithfulness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I set your rules before me.<br/>  I cling to your testimonies, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let me not be put to shame!<br/>  I will run in the way of your commandments<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when you enlarge my heart!</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119033.02-2">Teach me, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the way of your statutes;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will keep it to the end.<br/>  Give me understanding, that I may keep your law<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and observe it with my whole heart.<br/>  Lead me in the path of your commandments,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I delight in it.<br/>  Incline my heart to your testimonies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and not to selfish gain!<br/>  Turn my eyes from looking at worthless things;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and give me life in your ways.<br/>  Confirm to your servant your promise,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that you may be feared.<br/>  Turn away the reproach that I dread,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for your rules are good.<br/>  Behold, I long for your precepts;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in your righteousness give me life!</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119041.02-2">Let your steadfast love come to me, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your salvation according to your promise;<br/>  then shall I have an answer for him who taunts me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I trust in your word.<br/>  And take not the word of truth utterly out of my mouth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for my hope is in your rules.<br/>  I will keep your law continually,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>forever and ever,<br/>  and I shall walk in a wide place,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I have sought your precepts.<br/>  I will also speak of your testimonies before kings<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shall not be put to shame,<br/>  for I find my delight in your commandments,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>which I love.<br/>  I will lift up my hands toward your commandments, which I love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will meditate on your statutes.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119049.02-2">Remember your word to your servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in which you have made me hope.<br/>  This is my comfort in my affliction,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that your promise gives me life.<br/>  The insolent utterly deride me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I do not turn away from your law.<br/>  When I think of your rules from of old,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I take comfort, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.<br/>  Hot indignation seizes me because of the wicked,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who forsake your law.<br/>  Your statutes have been my songs<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the house of my sojourning.<br/>  I remember your name in the night, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and keep your law.<br/>  This blessing has fallen to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I have kept your precepts.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119057.02-2">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is my portion;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I promise to keep your words.<br/>  I entreat your favor with all my heart;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>be gracious to me according to your promise.<br/>  When I think on my ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I turn my feet to your testimonies;<br/>  I hasten and do not delay<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to keep your commandments.<br/>  Though the cords of the wicked ensnare me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I do not forget your law.<br/>  At midnight I rise to praise you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because of your righteous rules.<br/>  I am a companion of all who fear you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>of those who keep your precepts.<br/>  The earth, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, is full of your steadfast love;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>teach me your statutes!</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119065.02-2">You have dealt well with your servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, according to your word.<br/>  Teach me good judgment and knowledge,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I believe in your commandments.<br/>  Before I was afflicted I went astray,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but now I keep your word.<br/>  You are good and do good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>teach me your statutes.<br/>  The insolent smear me with lies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but with my whole heart I keep your precepts;<br/>  their heart is unfeeling like fat,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I delight in your law.<br/>  It is good for me that I was afflicted,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I might learn your statutes.<br/>  The law of your mouth is better to me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>than thousands of gold and silver pieces.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119073.02-2">Your hands have made and fashioned me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me understanding that I may learn your commandments.<br/>  Those who fear you shall see me and rejoice,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because I have hoped in your word.<br/>  I know, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, that your rules are righteous,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and that in faithfulness you have afflicted me.<br/>  Let your steadfast love comfort me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>according to your promise to your servant.<br/>  Let your mercy come to me, that I may live;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for your law is my delight.<br/>  Let the insolent be put to shame,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because they have wronged me with falsehood;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as for me, I will meditate on your precepts.<br/>  Let those who fear you turn to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that they may know your testimonies.<br/>  May my heart be blameless in your statutes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may not be put to shame!</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119081.02-2">My soul longs for your salvation;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I hope in your word.<br/>  My eyes long for your promise;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I ask, “When will you comfort me?”<br/>  For I have become like a wineskin in the smoke,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>yet I have not forgotten your statutes.<br/>  How long must your servant endure?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>When will you judge those who persecute me?<br/>  The insolent have dug pitfalls for me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they do not live according to your law.<br/>  All your commandments are sure;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they persecute me with falsehood; help me!<br/>  They have almost made an end of me on earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I have not forsaken your precepts.<br/>  In your steadfast love give me life,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may keep the testimonies of your mouth.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119089.02-2">Forever, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, your word<br/> <span class="indent"></span>is firmly fixed in the heavens.<br/>  Your faithfulness endures to all generations;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have established the earth, and it stands fast.<br/>  By your appointment they stand this day,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all things are your servants.<br/>  If your law had not been my delight,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I would have perished in my affliction.<br/>  I will never forget your precepts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for by them you have given me life.<br/>  I am yours; save me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I have sought your precepts.<br/>  The wicked lie in wait to destroy me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I consider your testimonies.<br/>  I have seen a limit to all perfection,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but your commandment is exceedingly broad.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119097.02-2">Oh how I love your law!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>It is my meditation all the day.<br/>  Your commandment makes me wiser than my enemies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for it is ever with me.<br/>  I have more understanding than all my teachers,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for your testimonies are my meditation.<br/>  I understand more than the aged,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I keep your precepts.<br/>  I hold back my feet from every evil way,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in order to keep your word.<br/>  I do not turn aside from your rules,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you have taught me.<br/>  How sweet are your words to my taste,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>sweeter than honey to my mouth!<br/>  Through your precepts I get understanding;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>therefore I hate every false way.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119105.02-2">Your word is a lamp to my feet<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a light to my path.<br/>  I have sworn an oath and confirmed it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to keep your righteous rules.<br/>  I am severely afflicted;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me life, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, according to your word!<br/>  Accept my freewill offerings of praise, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and teach me your rules.<br/>  I hold my life in my hand continually,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I do not forget your law.<br/>  The wicked have laid a snare for me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I do not stray from your precepts.<br/>  Your testimonies are my heritage forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for they are the joy of my heart.<br/>  I incline my heart to perform your statutes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>forever, to the end.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119113.02-2">I hate the double-minded,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I love your law.<br/>  You are my hiding place and my shield;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I hope in your word.<br/>  Depart from me, you evildoers,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may keep the commandments of my God.<br/>  Uphold me according to your promise, that I may live,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and let me not be put to shame in my hope!<br/>  Hold me up, that I may be safe<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have regard for your statutes continually!<br/>  You spurn all who go astray from your statutes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for their cunning is in vain.<br/>  All the wicked of the earth you discard like dross,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>therefore I love your testimonies.<br/>  My flesh trembles for fear of you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I am afraid of your judgments.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119121.02-2">I have done what is just and right;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>do not leave me to my oppressors.<br/>  Give your servant a pledge of good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let not the insolent oppress me.<br/>  My eyes long for your salvation<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and for the fulfillment of your righteous promise.<br/>  Deal with your servant according to your steadfast love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and teach me your statutes.<br/>  I am your servant; give me understanding,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may know your testimonies!<br/>  It is time for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to act,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for your law has been broken.<br/>  Therefore I love your commandments<br/> <span class="indent"></span>above gold, above fine gold.<br/>  Therefore I consider all your precepts to be right;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I hate every false way.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119129.02-2">Your testimonies are wonderful;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>therefore my soul keeps them.<br/>  The unfolding of your words gives light;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>it imparts understanding to the simple.<br/>  I open my mouth and pant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because I long for your commandments.<br/>  Turn to me and be gracious to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as is your way with those who love your name.<br/>  Keep steady my steps according to your promise,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and let no iniquity get dominion over me.<br/>  Redeem me from man's oppression,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may keep your precepts.<br/>  Make your face shine upon your servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and teach me your statutes.<br/>  My eyes shed streams of tears,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because people do not keep your law.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119137.02-2">Righteous are you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and right are your rules.<br/>  You have appointed your testimonies in righteousness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and in all faithfulness.<br/>  My zeal consumes me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because my foes forget your words.<br/>  Your promise is well tried,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your servant loves it.<br/>  I am small and despised,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>yet I do not forget your precepts.<br/>  Your righteousness is righteous forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your law is true.<br/>  Trouble and anguish have found me out,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but your commandments are my delight.<br/>  Your testimonies are righteous forever;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me understanding that I may live.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119145.02-2">With my whole heart I cry; answer me, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will keep your statutes.<br/>  I call to you; save me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may observe your testimonies.<br/>  I rise before dawn and cry for help;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I hope in your words.<br/>  My eyes are awake before the watches of the night,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may meditate on your promise.<br/>  Hear my voice according to your steadfast love;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, according to your justice give me life.<br/>  They draw near who persecute me with evil purpose;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they are far from your law.<br/>  But you are near, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all your commandments are true.<br/>  Long have I known from your testimonies<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that you have founded them forever.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119153.02-2">Look on my affliction and deliver me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I do not forget your law.<br/>  Plead my cause and redeem me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me life according to your promise!<br/>  Salvation is far from the wicked,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for they do not seek your statutes.<br/>  Great is your mercy, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me life according to your rules.<br/>  Many are my persecutors and my adversaries,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I do not swerve from your testimonies.<br/>  I look at the faithless with disgust,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because they do not keep your commands.<br/>  Consider how I love your precepts!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Give me life according to your steadfast love.<br/>  The sum of your word is truth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and every one of your righteous rules endures forever.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119161.04-2">Princes persecute me without cause,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but my heart stands in awe of your words.<br/>  I rejoice at your word<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like one who finds great spoil.<br/>  I hate and abhor falsehood,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I love your law.<br/>  Seven times a day I praise you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for your righteous rules.<br/>  Great peace have those who love your law;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nothing can make them stumble.<br/>  I hope for your salvation, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I do your commandments.<br/>  My soul keeps your testimonies;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I love them exceedingly.<br/>  I keep your precepts and testimonies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all my ways are before you.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119169.02-2">Let my cry come before you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me understanding according to your word!<br/>  Let my plea come before you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>deliver me according to your word.<br/>  My lips will pour forth praise,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you teach me your statutes.<br/>  My tongue will sing of your word,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all your commandments are right.<br/>  Let your hand be ready to help me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I have chosen your precepts.<br/>  I long for your salvation, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your law is my delight.<br/>  Let my soul live and praise you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and let your rules help me.<br/>  I have gone astray like a lost sheep; seek your servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I do not forget your commandments.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52005023.01-3">Now may the God of peace himself sanctify you completely, and may your whole spirit and soul and body be kept blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 13:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58013020.02-4">Now may the God of peace who brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, the great shepherd of the sheep, by the blood of the eternal covenant, equip you with everything good that you may do his will, working in us that which is pleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever and ever. Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 103:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19103020.01-1">Bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, O you his angels,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you mighty ones who do his word,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>obeying the voice of his word!<br/>  Bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, all his hosts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his ministers, who do his will!</p> </div> </div><h5>Hebrews 1:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph" id="p58001014.01-2">Are they not all ministering spirits sent out to serve for the sake of those who are to inherit salvation?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006010.01-1"><span class="woc">Your kingdom come,<br/> your will be done,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on earth as it is in heaven.</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 11:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42011002.01-2">And he said to them, <span class="woc">“When you pray, say:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42011002.10-2"><span class="woc">“Father, hallowed be your name.<br/> Your kingdom come.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 7:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45007018.01-1">For I know that nothing good dwells in me, that is, in my flesh. For I have the desire to do what is right, but not the ability to carry it out.</p> </div><h5>Job 21:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p18021014.01-2">They say to God, ‘Depart from us!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>We do not desire the knowledge of your ways.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 2:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46002014.01-3">The natural person does not accept the things of the Spirit of God, for they are folly to him, and he is not able to understand them because they are spiritually discerned.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008007.01-1">For the mind that is set on the flesh is hostile to God, for it does not submit to God's law; indeed, it cannot.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 17:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02017007.01-1">And he called the name of the place Massah and Meribah, because of the quarreling of the people of Israel, and because they tested the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> by saying, “Is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> among us or not?”</p> </div><h5>Numbers 14:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p04014002.01-2">And all the people of Israel grumbled against Moses and Aaron. The whole congregation said to them, “Would that we had died in the land of Egypt! Or would that we had died in this wilderness!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002002.01-1">in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience—  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001017.01-1">that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give you a spirit of wisdom and of revelation in the knowledge of him, having the eyes of your hearts enlightened, that you may know what is the hope to which he has called you, what are the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49003016.01-1">that according to the riches of his glory he may grant you to be strengthened with power through his Spirit in your inner being,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:40-41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026040.01-1">And he came to the disciples and found them sleeping. And he said to Peter, <span class="woc">“So, could you not watch with me one hour?</span> <span class="woc">Watch and pray that you may not enter into temptation. The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 31:18-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p24031018.01-1">I have heard Ephraim grieving,<br/> ‘You have disciplined me, and I was disciplined,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like an untrained calf;<br/> bring me back that I may be restored,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you are the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> my God.<br/>  For after I had turned away, I relented,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and after I was instructed, I struck my thigh;<br/> I was ashamed, and I was confounded,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because I bore the disgrace of my youth.’  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 19:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19019014.01-1">Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart<br/> <span class="indent"></span>be acceptable in your sight,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, my rock and my redeemer.</p> </div> </div><h5>Acts 21:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44021014.01-2">And since he would not be persuaded, we ceased and said, “Let the will of the Lord be done.”</p> </div><h5>Psalm 119</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119001.10-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19119001-3">119:1 </span> Blessed are those whose way is blameless,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who walk in the law of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!<br/>  Blessed are those who keep his testimonies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who seek him with their whole heart,<br/>  who also do no wrong,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but walk in his ways!<br/>  You have commanded your precepts<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to be kept diligently.<br/>  Oh that my ways may be steadfast<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in keeping your statutes!<br/>  Then I shall not be put to shame,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>having my eyes fixed on all your commandments.<br/>  I will praise you with an upright heart,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when I learn your righteous rules.<br/>  I will keep your statutes;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>do not utterly forsake me!</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119009.02-3">How can a young man keep his way pure?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>By guarding it according to your word.<br/>  With my whole heart I seek you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let me not wander from your commandments!<br/>  I have stored up your word in my heart,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I might not sin against you.<br/>  Blessed are you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>teach me your statutes!<br/>  With my lips I declare<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all the rules of your mouth.<br/>  In the way of your testimonies I delight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as much as in all riches.<br/>  I will meditate on your precepts<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and fix my eyes on your ways.<br/>  I will delight in your statutes;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will not forget your word.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119017.02-3">Deal bountifully with your servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may live and keep your word.<br/>  Open my eyes, that I may behold<br/> <span class="indent"></span>wondrous things out of your law.<br/>  I am a sojourner on the earth;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>hide not your commandments from me!<br/>  My soul is consumed with longing<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for your rules at all times.<br/>  You rebuke the insolent, accursed ones,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who wander from your commandments.<br/>  Take away from me scorn and contempt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I have kept your testimonies.<br/>  Even though princes sit plotting against me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your servant will meditate on your statutes.<br/>  Your testimonies are my delight;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they are my counselors.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119025.02-3">My soul clings to the dust;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me life according to your word!<br/>  When I told of my ways, you answered me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>teach me your statutes!<br/>  Make me understand the way of your precepts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will meditate on your wondrous works.<br/>  My soul melts away for sorrow;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>strengthen me according to your word!<br/>  Put false ways far from me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and graciously teach me your law!<br/>  I have chosen the way of faithfulness;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I set your rules before me.<br/>  I cling to your testimonies, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let me not be put to shame!<br/>  I will run in the way of your commandments<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when you enlarge my heart!</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119033.02-3">Teach me, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the way of your statutes;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will keep it to the end.<br/>  Give me understanding, that I may keep your law<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and observe it with my whole heart.<br/>  Lead me in the path of your commandments,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I delight in it.<br/>  Incline my heart to your testimonies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and not to selfish gain!<br/>  Turn my eyes from looking at worthless things;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and give me life in your ways.<br/>  Confirm to your servant your promise,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that you may be feared.<br/>  Turn away the reproach that I dread,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for your rules are good.<br/>  Behold, I long for your precepts;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in your righteousness give me life!</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119041.02-3">Let your steadfast love come to me, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your salvation according to your promise;<br/>  then shall I have an answer for him who taunts me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I trust in your word.<br/>  And take not the word of truth utterly out of my mouth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for my hope is in your rules.<br/>  I will keep your law continually,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>forever and ever,<br/>  and I shall walk in a wide place,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I have sought your precepts.<br/>  I will also speak of your testimonies before kings<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shall not be put to shame,<br/>  for I find my delight in your commandments,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>which I love.<br/>  I will lift up my hands toward your commandments, which I love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will meditate on your statutes.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119049.02-3">Remember your word to your servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in which you have made me hope.<br/>  This is my comfort in my affliction,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that your promise gives me life.<br/>  The insolent utterly deride me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I do not turn away from your law.<br/>  When I think of your rules from of old,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I take comfort, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.<br/>  Hot indignation seizes me because of the wicked,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who forsake your law.<br/>  Your statutes have been my songs<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the house of my sojourning.<br/>  I remember your name in the night, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and keep your law.<br/>  This blessing has fallen to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I have kept your precepts.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119057.02-3">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is my portion;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I promise to keep your words.<br/>  I entreat your favor with all my heart;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>be gracious to me according to your promise.<br/>  When I think on my ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I turn my feet to your testimonies;<br/>  I hasten and do not delay<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to keep your commandments.<br/>  Though the cords of the wicked ensnare me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I do not forget your law.<br/>  At midnight I rise to praise you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because of your righteous rules.<br/>  I am a companion of all who fear you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>of those who keep your precepts.<br/>  The earth, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, is full of your steadfast love;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>teach me your statutes!</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119065.02-3">You have dealt well with your servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, according to your word.<br/>  Teach me good judgment and knowledge,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I believe in your commandments.<br/>  Before I was afflicted I went astray,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but now I keep your word.<br/>  You are good and do good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>teach me your statutes.<br/>  The insolent smear me with lies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but with my whole heart I keep your precepts;<br/>  their heart is unfeeling like fat,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I delight in your law.<br/>  It is good for me that I was afflicted,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I might learn your statutes.<br/>  The law of your mouth is better to me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>than thousands of gold and silver pieces.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119073.02-3">Your hands have made and fashioned me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me understanding that I may learn your commandments.<br/>  Those who fear you shall see me and rejoice,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because I have hoped in your word.<br/>  I know, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, that your rules are righteous,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and that in faithfulness you have afflicted me.<br/>  Let your steadfast love comfort me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>according to your promise to your servant.<br/>  Let your mercy come to me, that I may live;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for your law is my delight.<br/>  Let the insolent be put to shame,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because they have wronged me with falsehood;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as for me, I will meditate on your precepts.<br/>  Let those who fear you turn to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that they may know your testimonies.<br/>  May my heart be blameless in your statutes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may not be put to shame!</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119081.02-3">My soul longs for your salvation;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I hope in your word.<br/>  My eyes long for your promise;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I ask, “When will you comfort me?”<br/>  For I have become like a wineskin in the smoke,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>yet I have not forgotten your statutes.<br/>  How long must your servant endure?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>When will you judge those who persecute me?<br/>  The insolent have dug pitfalls for me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they do not live according to your law.<br/>  All your commandments are sure;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they persecute me with falsehood; help me!<br/>  They have almost made an end of me on earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I have not forsaken your precepts.<br/>  In your steadfast love give me life,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may keep the testimonies of your mouth.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119089.02-3">Forever, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, your word<br/> <span class="indent"></span>is firmly fixed in the heavens.<br/>  Your faithfulness endures to all generations;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have established the earth, and it stands fast.<br/>  By your appointment they stand this day,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all things are your servants.<br/>  If your law had not been my delight,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I would have perished in my affliction.<br/>  I will never forget your precepts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for by them you have given me life.<br/>  I am yours; save me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I have sought your precepts.<br/>  The wicked lie in wait to destroy me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I consider your testimonies.<br/>  I have seen a limit to all perfection,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but your commandment is exceedingly broad.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119097.02-3">Oh how I love your law!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>It is my meditation all the day.<br/>  Your commandment makes me wiser than my enemies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for it is ever with me.<br/>  I have more understanding than all my teachers,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for your testimonies are my meditation.<br/>  I understand more than the aged,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I keep your precepts.<br/>  I hold back my feet from every evil way,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in order to keep your word.<br/>  I do not turn aside from your rules,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you have taught me.<br/>  How sweet are your words to my taste,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>sweeter than honey to my mouth!<br/>  Through your precepts I get understanding;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>therefore I hate every false way.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119105.02-3">Your word is a lamp to my feet<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a light to my path.<br/>  I have sworn an oath and confirmed it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to keep your righteous rules.<br/>  I am severely afflicted;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me life, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, according to your word!<br/>  Accept my freewill offerings of praise, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and teach me your rules.<br/>  I hold my life in my hand continually,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I do not forget your law.<br/>  The wicked have laid a snare for me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I do not stray from your precepts.<br/>  Your testimonies are my heritage forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for they are the joy of my heart.<br/>  I incline my heart to perform your statutes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>forever, to the end.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119113.02-3">I hate the double-minded,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I love your law.<br/>  You are my hiding place and my shield;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I hope in your word.<br/>  Depart from me, you evildoers,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may keep the commandments of my God.<br/>  Uphold me according to your promise, that I may live,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and let me not be put to shame in my hope!<br/>  Hold me up, that I may be safe<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have regard for your statutes continually!<br/>  You spurn all who go astray from your statutes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for their cunning is in vain.<br/>  All the wicked of the earth you discard like dross,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>therefore I love your testimonies.<br/>  My flesh trembles for fear of you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I am afraid of your judgments.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119121.02-3">I have done what is just and right;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>do not leave me to my oppressors.<br/>  Give your servant a pledge of good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let not the insolent oppress me.<br/>  My eyes long for your salvation<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and for the fulfillment of your righteous promise.<br/>  Deal with your servant according to your steadfast love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and teach me your statutes.<br/>  I am your servant; give me understanding,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may know your testimonies!<br/>  It is time for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> to act,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for your law has been broken.<br/>  Therefore I love your commandments<br/> <span class="indent"></span>above gold, above fine gold.<br/>  Therefore I consider all your precepts to be right;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I hate every false way.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119129.02-3">Your testimonies are wonderful;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>therefore my soul keeps them.<br/>  The unfolding of your words gives light;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>it imparts understanding to the simple.<br/>  I open my mouth and pant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because I long for your commandments.<br/>  Turn to me and be gracious to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as is your way with those who love your name.<br/>  Keep steady my steps according to your promise,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and let no iniquity get dominion over me.<br/>  Redeem me from man's oppression,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may keep your precepts.<br/>  Make your face shine upon your servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and teach me your statutes.<br/>  My eyes shed streams of tears,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because people do not keep your law.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119137.02-3">Righteous are you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and right are your rules.<br/>  You have appointed your testimonies in righteousness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and in all faithfulness.<br/>  My zeal consumes me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because my foes forget your words.<br/>  Your promise is well tried,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your servant loves it.<br/>  I am small and despised,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>yet I do not forget your precepts.<br/>  Your righteousness is righteous forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your law is true.<br/>  Trouble and anguish have found me out,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but your commandments are my delight.<br/>  Your testimonies are righteous forever;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me understanding that I may live.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119145.02-3">With my whole heart I cry; answer me, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will keep your statutes.<br/>  I call to you; save me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may observe your testimonies.<br/>  I rise before dawn and cry for help;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I hope in your words.<br/>  My eyes are awake before the watches of the night,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may meditate on your promise.<br/>  Hear my voice according to your steadfast love;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, according to your justice give me life.<br/>  They draw near who persecute me with evil purpose;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they are far from your law.<br/>  But you are near, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all your commandments are true.<br/>  Long have I known from your testimonies<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that you have founded them forever.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119153.02-3">Look on my affliction and deliver me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I do not forget your law.<br/>  Plead my cause and redeem me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me life according to your promise!<br/>  Salvation is far from the wicked,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for they do not seek your statutes.<br/>  Great is your mercy, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me life according to your rules.<br/>  Many are my persecutors and my adversaries,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I do not swerve from your testimonies.<br/>  I look at the faithless with disgust,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because they do not keep your commands.<br/>  Consider how I love your precepts!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Give me life according to your steadfast love.<br/>  The sum of your word is truth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and every one of your righteous rules endures forever.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119161.04-3">Princes persecute me without cause,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but my heart stands in awe of your words.<br/>  I rejoice at your word<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like one who finds great spoil.<br/>  I hate and abhor falsehood,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but I love your law.<br/>  Seven times a day I praise you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for your righteous rules.<br/>  Great peace have those who love your law;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nothing can make them stumble.<br/>  I hope for your salvation, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I do your commandments.<br/>  My soul keeps your testimonies;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I love them exceedingly.<br/>  I keep your precepts and testimonies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all my ways are before you.</p> </div> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119169.02-3">Let my cry come before you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give me understanding according to your word!<br/>  Let my plea come before you;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>deliver me according to your word.<br/>  My lips will pour forth praise,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you teach me your statutes.<br/>  My tongue will sing of your word,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all your commandments are right.<br/>  Let your hand be ready to help me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I have chosen your precepts.<br/>  I long for your salvation, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your law is my delight.<br/>  Let my soul live and praise you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and let your rules help me.<br/>  I have gone astray like a lost sheep; seek your servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I do not forget your commandments.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Thessalonians 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p52005023.01-4">Now may the God of peace himself sanctify you completely, and may your whole spirit and soul and body be kept blameless at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 13:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58013020.02-5">Now may the God of peace who brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, the great shepherd of the sheep, by the blood of the eternal covenant, equip you with everything good that you may do his will, working in us that which is pleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever and ever. Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Micah 6:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p33006008.01-1">He has told you, O man, what is good;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and what does the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> require of you<br/> but to do justice, and to love kindness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to walk humbly with your God?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 100:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19100002.01-1"><span class="indent"></span>Serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> with gladness!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Come into his presence with singing!</p> </div> </div><h5>Job 1:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p18001021.01-2">And he said, “Naked I came from my mother's womb, and naked shall I return. The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> gave, and the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has taken away; blessed be the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.”</p> </div><h5>2 Samuel 15:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10015025.01-3">Then the king said to Zadok, “Carry the ark of God back into the city. If I find favor in the eyes of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, he will bring me back and let me see both it and his dwelling place. But if he says, ‘I have no pleasure in you,’ behold, here I am, let him do to me what seems good to him.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 38:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p23038003.01-1">and said, “Please, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, remember how I have walked before you in faithfulness and with a whole heart, and have done what is good in your sight.” And Hezekiah wept bitterly.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 119:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119004.01-1">You have commanded your precepts<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to be kept diligently.<br/>  Oh that my ways may be steadfast<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in keeping your statutes!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 69:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19069009.01-1">For zeal for your house has consumed me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the reproaches of those who reproach you have fallen on me.</p> </div> </div><h5>John 2:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43002017.01-2">His disciples remembered that it was written, “Zeal for your house will consume me.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 12:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45012011.01-3">Do not be slothful in zeal, be fervent in spirit, serve the Lord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc16"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Joshua 24:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p06024014.06-1">“Now therefore fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and serve him in sincerity and in faithfulness. Put away the gods that your fathers served beyond the River and in Egypt, and serve the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 119:80</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119080.01-2">May my heart be blameless in your statutes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may not be put to shame!</p> </div> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 5:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46005008.01-3">Let us therefore celebrate the festival, not with the old leaven, the leaven of malice and evil, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.</p> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 1:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p47001012.05-4">For our boast is this, the testimony of our conscience, that we behaved in the world with simplicity and godly sincerity, not by earthly wisdom but by the grace of God, and supremely so toward you.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc17"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 119:112</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119112.01-1">I incline my heart to perform your statutes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>forever, to the end.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc18"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 6:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p23006002.01-1">Above him stood the seraphim. Each had six wings: with two he covered his face, and with two he covered his feet, and with two he flew. And one called to another and said:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23006003.08-1">“Holy, holy, holy is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts;<br/> the whole earth is full of his glory!”</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 103:20-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19103020.01-2">Bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, O you his angels,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you mighty ones who do his word,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>obeying the voice of his word!<br/>  Bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, all his hosts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his ministers, who do his will!</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 18:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40018010.07-3"><span class="woc">“See that you do not despise one of these little ones. For I tell you that in heaven their angels always see the face of my Father who is in heaven.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 27 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 102 + WLC 191 — What do we pray for in the second petition?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/26</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 102.</span> What do we pray for in the second petition?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> In the second petition, which is, Thy kingdom come, we pray that Satan's kingdom may be destroyed;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and that the kingdom of grace may be advanced,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> ourselves and others brought into it, and kept in it;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> and that the kingdom of glory may be hastened.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 191.</span> What do we pray for in the second petition?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> In the second petition, (which is, Thy kingdom come,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">5</sup>) acknowledging ourselves and all mankind to be by nature under the dominion of sin and Satan,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">6</sup> we pray, that the kingdom of sin and Satan may be destroyed,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">7</sup> the gospel propagated throughout the world,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">8</sup> the Jews called,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">9</sup> the fullness of the Gentiles brought in;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">10</sup> the church furnished with all gospel officers and ordinances,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">11</sup> purged from corruption,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">12</sup> countenanced and maintained by the civil magistrate:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">13</sup> that the ordinances of Christ may be purely dispensed, and made effectual to the converting of those that are yet in their sins, and the confirming, comforting, and building up of those that are already converted:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">14</sup> that Christ would rule in our hearts here,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">15</sup> and hasten the time of his second coming, and our reigning with him forever:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">16</sup> and that he would be pleased so to exercise the kingdom of his power in all the world, as may best conduce to these ends.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">17</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 12:25-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40012025.01-1">Knowing their thoughts, he said to them, <span class="woc">“Every kingdom divided against itself is laid waste, and no city or house divided against itself will stand.</span> <span class="woc">And if Satan casts out Satan, he is divided against himself. How then will his kingdom stand?</span> <span class="woc">And if I cast out demons by Beelzebul, by whom do your sons cast them out? Therefore they will be your judges.</span> <span class="woc">But if it is by the Spirit of God that I cast out demons, then the kingdom of God has come upon you.</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 16:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45016020.01-2">The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you.</p> </div><h5>1 John 3:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62003008.01-3">Whoever makes a practice of sinning is of the devil, for the devil has been sinning from the beginning. The reason the Son of God appeared was to destroy the works of the devil.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 72:8-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19072008.01-1">May he have dominion from sea to sea,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and from the River to the ends of the earth!<br/>  May desert tribes bow down before him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his enemies lick the dust!<br/>  May the kings of Tarshish and of the coastlands<br/> <span class="indent"></span>render him tribute;<br/> may the kings of Sheba and Seba<br/> <span class="indent"></span>bring gifts!<br/>  May all kings fall down before him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all nations serve him!</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 24:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40024014.01-2"><span class="woc">And this gospel of the kingdom will be proclaimed throughout the whole world as a testimony to all nations, and then the end will come.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 15:24-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46015024.01-3">Then comes the end, when he delivers the kingdom to God the Father after destroying every rule and every authority and power. For he must reign until he has put all his enemies under his feet.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 119:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19119005.01-1">Oh that my ways may be steadfast<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in keeping your statutes!</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 22:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42022032.01-2"><span class="woc">but I have prayed for you that your faith may not fail. And when you have turned again, strengthen your brothers.”</span></p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 3:1-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p53003001.04-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v53003001-3">3:1 </span>Finally, brothers, pray for us, that the word of the Lord may speed ahead and be honored, as happened among you, and that we may be delivered from wicked and evil men. For not all have faith. But the Lord is faithful. He will establish you and guard you against the evil one. And we have confidence in the Lord about you, that you are doing and will do the things that we command. May the Lord direct your hearts to the love of God and to the steadfastness of Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 22:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66022020.01-1">He who testifies to these things says, <span class="woc">“Surely I am coming soon.”</span> Amen. Come, Lord Jesus!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006010.01-1"><span class="woc">Your kingdom come,<br/> your will be done,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on earth as it is in heaven.</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 11:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42011002.01-2">And he said to them, <span class="woc">“When you pray, say:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42011002.10-2"><span class="woc">“Father, hallowed be your name.<br/> Your kingdom come.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 2:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002002.01-1">in which you once walked, following the course of this world, following the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that is now at work in the sons of disobedience— among whom we all once lived in the passions of our flesh, carrying out the desires of the body and the mind, and were by nature children of wrath, like the rest of mankind.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 68:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19068001.15-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19068001-1">68:1 </span>God shall arise, his enemies shall be scattered;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and those who hate him shall flee before him!</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 68:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19068018.01-2">You ascended on high,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>leading a host of captives in your train<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and receiving gifts among men,<br/> even among the rebellious, that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God may dwell there.</p> </div> </div><h5>Revelation 12:10-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66012010.01-3">And I heard a loud voice in heaven, saying, “Now the salvation and the power and the kingdom of our God and the authority of his Christ have come, for the accuser of our brothers has been thrown down, who accuses them day and night before our God. And they have conquered him by the blood of the Lamb and by the word of their testimony, for they loved not their lives even unto death.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 67:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19067001.17-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19067001-1">67:1 </span>May God be gracious to us and bless us<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and make his face to shine upon us, <span class="selah">Selah</span><br/>  that your way may be known on earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your saving power among all nations.</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 3:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p53003001.04-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v53003001-2">3:1 </span>Finally, brothers, pray for us, that the word of the Lord may speed ahead and be honored, as happened among you,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 10:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010001.01-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v45010001-1">10:1 </span>Brothers, my heart's desire and prayer to God for them is that they may be saved.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 17:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017009.01-1"><span class="woc">I am praying for them. I am not praying for the world but for those whom you have given me, for they are yours.</span></p> </div><h5>John 17:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017020.01-2"><span class="woc">“I do not ask for these only, but also for those who will believe in me through their word,</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 11:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p45011025.06-3">Lest you be wise in your own sight, I want you to understand this mystery, brothers: a partial hardening has come upon Israel, until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in. And in this way all Israel will be saved, as it is written,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45011026.14-3">“The Deliverer will come from Zion,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he will banish ungodliness from Jacob”;</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 67</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19067001.17-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19067001-4">67:1 </span>May God be gracious to us and bless us<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and make his face to shine upon us, <span class="selah">Selah</span><br/>  that your way may be known on earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your saving power among all nations.<br/>  Let the peoples praise you, O God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let all the peoples praise you!</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19067004.01-4">Let the nations be glad and sing for joy,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you judge the peoples with equity<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and guide the nations upon earth. <span class="selah">Selah</span><br/>  Let the peoples praise you, O God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let all the peoples praise you!</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19067006.01-4">The earth has yielded its increase;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>God, our God, shall bless us.<br/>  God shall bless us;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let all the ends of the earth fear him!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 9:38</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40009038.01-1"><span class="woc">therefore pray earnestly to the Lord of the harvest to send out laborers into his harvest.”</span></p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 3:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p53003001.04-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v53003001-2">3:1 </span>Finally, brothers, pray for us, that the word of the Lord may speed ahead and be honored, as happened among you,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Malachi 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39001011.01-1">For from the rising of the sun to its setting my name will be great among the nations, and in every place incense will be offered to my name, and a pure offering. For my name will be great among the nations, says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts.</p> </div><h5>Zephaniah 3:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p36003009.06-2">“For at that time I will change the speech of the peoples<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to a pure speech,<br/> that all of them may call upon the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>and serve him with one accord.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 2:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p54002001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v54002001-1">2:1 </span>First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people, for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 49:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23049023.01-2">Kings shall be your foster fathers,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their queens your nursing mothers.<br/> With their faces to the ground they shall bow down to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and lick the dust of your feet.<br/> Then you will know that I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>those who wait for me shall not be put to shame.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 4:29-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44004029.01-1">And now, Lord, look upon their threats and grant to your servants to continue to speak your word with all boldness, while you stretch out your hand to heal, and signs and wonders are performed through the name of your holy servant Jesus.”</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 6:18-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006018.01-2">praying at all times in the Spirit, with all prayer and supplication. To that end keep alert with all perseverance, making supplication for all the saints, and also for me, that words may be given to me in opening my mouth boldly to proclaim the mystery of the gospel, for which I am an ambassador in chains, that I may declare it boldly, as I ought to speak.</p> </div><h5>Romans 15:29-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45015029.01-3">I know that when I come to you I will come in the fullness of the blessing of Christ.</p> <p id="p45015030.01-3">I appeal to you, brothers, by our Lord Jesus Christ and by the love of the Spirit, to strive together with me in your prayers to God on my behalf,</p> </div><h5>Romans 15:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45015032.01-4">so that by God's will I may come to you with joy and be refreshed in your company.</p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53001011.01-5">To this end we always pray for you, that our God may make you worthy of his calling and may fulfill every resolve for good and every work of faith by his power,</p> </div><h5>2 Thessalonians 2:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p53002016.01-6">Now may our Lord Jesus Christ himself, and God our Father, who loved us and gave us eternal comfort and good hope through grace, comfort your hearts and establish them in every good work and word.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 3:14-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p49003014.05-1">For this reason I bow my knees before the Father, from whom every family in heaven and on earth is named, that according to the riches of his glory he may grant you to be strengthened with power through his Spirit in your inner being, so that Christ may dwell in your hearts through faith—that you, being rooted and grounded in love, may have strength to comprehend with all the saints what is the breadth and length and height and depth, and to know the love of Christ that surpasses knowledge, that you may be filled with all the fullness of God.</p> <p id="p49003020.01-1">Now to him who is able to do far more abundantly than all that we ask or think, according to the power at work within us,</p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003015.01-2">And let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts, to which indeed you were called in one body. And be thankful.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 22:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66022020.01-1">He who testifies to these things says, <span class="woc">“Surely I am coming soon.”</span> Amen. Come, Lord Jesus!</p> </div><h5>2 Timothy 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p55002012.01-2">if we endure, we will also reign with him;<br/> if we deny him, he also will deny us;</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Peter 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p61003012.01-3">waiting for and hastening the coming of the day of God, because of which the heavens will be set on fire and dissolved, and the heavenly bodies will melt as they burn!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 64:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23064001.01-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v23064001-1">64:1 </span>Oh that you would rend the heavens and come down,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that the mountains might quake at your presence—<br/>   as when fire kindles brushwood<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the fire causes water to boil—<br/> to make your name known to your adversaries,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and that the nations might tremble at your presence!</p> </div> </div><h5>Revelation 4:8-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66004008.01-2">And the four living creatures, each of them with six wings, are full of eyes all around and within, and day and night they never cease to say,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66004008.29-2">“Holy, holy, holy, is the Lord God Almighty,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who was and is and is to come!”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p66004009.01-2">And whenever the living creatures give glory and honor and thanks to him who is seated on the throne, who lives forever and ever, the twenty-four elders fall down before him who is seated on the throne and worship him who lives forever and ever. They cast their crowns before the throne, saying,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66004011.01-2">“Worthy are you, our Lord and God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to receive glory and honor and power,<br/> for you created all things,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by your will they existed and were created.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <title>WSC 101 + WLC 190 — What do we pray for in the first petition?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/25</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 101.</span> What do we pray for in the first petition?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> In the first petition, which is, Hallowed be thy name, we pray that God would enable us, and others, to glorify him in all that whereby he maketh himself known;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and that he would dispose all things to his own glory.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 190.</span> What do we pray for in the first petition?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> In the first petition, (which is, Hallowed be thy name,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup>) acknowledging the utter inability and indisposition that is in ourselves and all men to honor God aright,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup> we pray, that God would by his grace enable and incline us and others to know, to acknowledge, and highly to esteem him,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">5</sup> his titles,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">6</sup> attributes,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">7</sup> ordinances, Word,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">8</sup> works, and whatsoever he is pleased to make himself known by;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">9</sup> and to glorify him in thought, word,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">10</sup> and deed:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">11</sup> that he would prevent and remove atheism,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">12</sup> ignorance,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">13</sup> idolatry,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">14</sup> profaneness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">15</sup> and whatsoever is dishonorable to him;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">16</sup> and, by his overruling providence, direct and dispose of all things to his own glory.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">17</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 67:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19067001.17-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19067001-1">67:1 </span>May God be gracious to us and bless us<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and make his face to shine upon us, <span class="selah">Selah</span><br/>  that your way may be known on earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your saving power among all nations.<br/>  Let the peoples praise you, O God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let all the peoples praise you!</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 99:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19099003.01-2">Let them praise your great and awesome name!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Holy is he!</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 100:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19100003.01-3">Know that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, he is God!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>It is he who made us, and we are his;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>we are his people, and the sheep of his pasture.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19100004.01-3">Enter his gates with thanksgiving,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his courts with praise!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Give thanks to him; bless his name!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 11:33-36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45011033.01-1">Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45011034.01-1">“For who has known the mind of the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or who has been his counselor?”<br/>  “Or who has given a gift to him<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that he might be repaid?”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p45011036.01-1">For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66004011.01-2">“Worthy are you, our Lord and God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to receive glory and honor and power,<br/> for you created all things,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by your will they existed and were created.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006009.01-1"><span class="woc">Pray then like this:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006009.05-1"><span class="woc">“Our Father in heaven,<br/> hallowed be your name.</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 11:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42011002.01-2">And he said to them, <span class="woc">“When you pray, say:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42011002.10-2"><span class="woc">“Father, hallowed be your name.<br/> Your kingdom come.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Corinthians 3:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47003005.01-1">Not that we are sufficient in ourselves to claim anything as coming from us, but our sufficiency is from God,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 51:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051015.01-2">O Lord, open my lips,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and my mouth will declare your praise.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 67:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19067002.01-1">that your way may be known on earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your saving power among all nations.<br/>  Let the peoples praise you, O God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let all the peoples praise you!</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 99:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19099001.07-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19099001-2">99:1 </span>The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> reigns; let the peoples tremble!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>He sits enthroned upon the cherubim; let the earth quake!<br/>  The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is great in Zion;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is exalted over all the peoples.<br/>  Let them praise your great and awesome name!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Holy is he!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 83:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19083018.01-1">that they may know that you alone,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>whose name is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>are the Most High over all the earth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 86:10-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19086010.01-1">For you are great and do wondrous things;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you alone are God.<br/>  Teach me your way, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that I may walk in your truth;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>unite my heart to fear your name.<br/>  I give thanks to you, O Lord my God, with my whole heart,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will glorify your name forever.<br/>  For great is your steadfast love toward me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have delivered my soul from the depths of Sheol.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 86:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19086015.01-2">But you, O Lord, are a God merciful and gracious,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>slow to anger and abounding in steadfast love and faithfulness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Thessalonians 3:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p53003001.04-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v53003001-1">3:1 </span>Finally, brothers, pray for us, that the word of the Lord may speed ahead and be honored, as happened among you,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 147:19-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19147019.01-2">He declares his word to Jacob,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his statutes and rules to Israel.<br/>  He has not dealt thus with any other nation;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they do not know his rules.<br/> Praise the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 138:1-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19138001.08-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19138001-3">138:1 </span>I give you thanks, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, with my whole heart;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>before the gods I sing your praise;<br/>  I bow down toward your holy temple<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and give thanks to your name for your steadfast love and your faithfulness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you have exalted above all things<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your name and your word.<br/>  On the day I called, you answered me;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my strength of soul you increased.</p> </div> </div><h5>2 Corinthians 2:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p47002014.01-4">But thanks be to God, who in Christ always leads us in triumphal procession, and through us spreads the fragrance of the knowledge of him everywhere. For we are the aroma of Christ to God among those who are being saved and among those who are perishing,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 145</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19145001.11-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19145001-1">145:1 </span>I will extol you, my God and King,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and bless your name forever and ever.<br/>  Every day I will bless you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and praise your name forever and ever.<br/>  Great is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and greatly to be praised,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his greatness is unsearchable.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19145004.01-1">One generation shall commend your works to another,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shall declare your mighty acts.<br/>  On the glorious splendor of your majesty,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and on your wondrous works, I will meditate.<br/>  They shall speak of the might of your awesome deeds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will declare your greatness.<br/>  They shall pour forth the fame of your abundant goodness<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shall sing aloud of your righteousness.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19145008.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is gracious and merciful,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>slow to anger and abounding in steadfast love.<br/>  The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is good to all,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his mercy is over all that he has made.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19145010.01-1">All your works shall give thanks to you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all your saints shall bless you!<br/>  They shall speak of the glory of your kingdom<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and tell of your power,<br/>  to make known to the children of man your mighty deeds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the glorious splendor of your kingdom.<br/>  Your kingdom is an everlasting kingdom,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your dominion endures throughout all generations.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19145013.14-1">[The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is faithful in all his words<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and kind in all his works.]<br/>  The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> upholds all who are falling<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and raises up all who are bowed down.<br/>  The eyes of all look to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you give them their food in due season.<br/>  You open your hand;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you satisfy the desire of every living thing.<br/>  The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is righteous in all his ways<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and kind in all his works.<br/>  The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is near to all who call on him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to all who call on him in truth.<br/>  He fulfills the desire of those who fear him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he also hears their cry and saves them.<br/>  The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> preserves all who love him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but all the wicked he will destroy.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19145021.01-1">My mouth will speak the praise of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and let all flesh bless his holy name forever and ever.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 8</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19008001.17-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19008001-2">8:1 </span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, our Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>how majestic is your name in all the earth!<br/> You have set your glory above the heavens.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Out of the mouth of babies and infants,<br/> you have established strength because of your foes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to still the enemy and the avenger.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19008003.01-2">When I look at your heavens, the work of your fingers,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the moon and the stars, which you have set in place,<br/>  what is man that you are mindful of him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the son of man that you care for him?</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19008005.01-2">Yet you have made him a little lower than the heavenly beings<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and crowned him with glory and honor.<br/>  You have given him dominion over the works of your hands;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have put all things under his feet,<br/>  all sheep and oxen,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and also the beasts of the field,<br/>  the birds of the heavens, and the fish of the sea,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>whatever passes along the paths of the seas.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19008009.01-2">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, our Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>how majestic is your name in all the earth!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 103:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19103001.09-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19103001-1">103:1 </span>Bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, O my soul,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all that is within me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>bless his holy name!</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 19:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19019014.01-2">Let the words of my mouth and the meditation of my heart<br/> <span class="indent"></span>be acceptable in your sight,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, my rock and my redeemer.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50001009.01-1">And it is my prayer that your love may abound more and more, with knowledge and all discernment,</p> </div><h5>Philippians 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50001011.01-2">filled with the fruit of righteousness that comes through Jesus Christ, to the glory and praise of God.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 100:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19100003.01-3">Know that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, he is God!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>It is he who made us, and we are his;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>we are his people, and the sheep of his pasture.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19100004.01-3">Enter his gates with thanksgiving,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his courts with praise!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Give thanks to him; bless his name!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 67:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19067001.17-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19067001-1">67:1 </span>May God be gracious to us and bless us<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and make his face to shine upon us, <span class="selah">Selah</span><br/>  that your way may be known on earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your saving power among all nations.<br/>  Let the peoples praise you, O God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let all the peoples praise you!</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19067004.01-1">Let the nations be glad and sing for joy,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for you judge the peoples with equity<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and guide the nations upon earth. <span class="selah">Selah</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 1:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49001017.01-1">that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the Father of glory, may give you a spirit of wisdom and of revelation in the knowledge of him, having the eyes of your hearts enlightened, that you may know what is the hope to which he has called you, what are the riches of his glorious inheritance in the saints,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 97:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19097007.01-1">All worshipers of images are put to shame,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who make their boast in worthless idols;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>worship him, all you gods!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 74:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19074018.01-1">Remember this, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, how the enemy scoffs,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a foolish people reviles your name.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 74:22-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19074022.01-2">Arise, O God, defend your cause;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>remember how the foolish scoff at you all the day!<br/>  Do not forget the clamor of your foes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the uproar of those who rise against you, which goes up continually!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Kings 19:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p12019015.01-1">And Hezekiah prayed before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and said: “O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the God of Israel, enthroned above the cherubim, you are the God, you alone, of all the kingdoms of the earth; you have made heaven and earth. Incline your ear, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and hear; open your eyes, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, and see; and hear the words of Sennacherib, which he has sent to mock the living God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Chronicles 20:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14020006.01-1">and said, “O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, God of our fathers, are you not God in heaven? You rule over all the kingdoms of the nations. In your hand are power and might, so that none is able to withstand you.</p> </div><h5>2 Chronicles 20:10-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p14020010.01-2">And now behold, the men of Ammon and Moab and Mount Seir, whom you would not let Israel invade when they came from the land of Egypt, and whom they avoided and did not destroy— behold, they reward us by coming to drive us out of your possession, which you have given us to inherit. O our God, will you not execute judgment on them? For we are powerless against this great horde that is coming against us. We do not know what to do, but our eyes are on you.”</p> </div><h5>Romans 11:33-36</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45011033.01-3">Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how inscrutable his ways!</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p45011034.01-3">“For who has known the mind of the Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or who has been his counselor?”<br/>  “Or who has given a gift to him<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that he might be repaid?”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph" id="p45011036.01-3">For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever. Amen.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 4:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p66004011.01-4">“Worthy are you, our Lord and God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to receive glory and honor and power,<br/> for you created all things,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and by your will they existed and were created.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 83</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19083001.13-5"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19083001-5">83:1 </span>O God, do not keep silence;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>do not hold your peace or be still, O God!<br/>  For behold, your enemies make an uproar;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>those who hate you have raised their heads.<br/>  They lay crafty plans against your people;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they consult together against your treasured ones.<br/>  They say, “Come, let us wipe them out as a nation;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let the name of Israel be remembered no more!”<br/>  For they conspire with one accord;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>against you they make a covenant—<br/>  the tents of Edom and the Ishmaelites,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Moab and the Hagrites,<br/>  Gebal and Ammon and Amalek,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Philistia with the inhabitants of Tyre;<br/>  Asshur also has joined them;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they are the strong arm of the children of Lot. <span class="selah">Selah</span></p> <p class="line-group" id="p19083009.01-5">Do to them as you did to Midian,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as to Sisera and Jabin at the river Kishon,<br/>  who were destroyed at En-dor,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who became dung for the ground.<br/>  Make their nobles like Oreb and Zeeb,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all their princes like Zebah and Zalmunna,<br/>  who said, “Let us take possession for ourselves<br/> <span class="indent"></span>of the pastures of God.”</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19083013.01-5">O my God, make them like whirling dust,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>like chaff before the wind.<br/>  As fire consumes the forest,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as the flame sets the mountains ablaze,<br/>  so may you pursue them with your tempest<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and terrify them with your hurricane!<br/>  Fill their faces with shame,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that they may seek your name, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.<br/>  Let them be put to shame and dismayed forever;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let them perish in disgrace,<br/>  that they may know that you alone,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>whose name is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>are the Most High over all the earth.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 140:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19140004.01-6">Guard me, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, from the hands of the wicked;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>preserve me from violent men,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who have planned to trip up my feet.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 140:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19140008.01-7">Grant not, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, the desires of the wicked;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>do not further their evil plot, or they will be exalted! <span class="selah">Selah</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 25 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 100 + WLC 189 — What doth the preface of the Lord's prayer teach us?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/24</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 100.</span> What doth the preface of the Lord's prayer teach us?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The preface of the Lord's Prayer, which is, Our Father which art in heaven, teacheth us to draw near to God with all holy reverence<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and confidence,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> as children to a father,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> able and ready to help us;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup> and that we should pray with and for others.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc5">5</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 189.</span> What doth the preface of the Lord's Prayer teach us?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The preface of the Lord's Prayer (contained in these words, Our Father which art in heaven,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">6</sup>) teacheth us, when we pray, to draw near to God with confidence of his fatherly goodness, and our interest therein;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">7</sup> with reverence, and all other childlike dispositions,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">8</sup> heavenly affections,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">9</sup> and due apprehensions of his sovereign power, majesty, and gracious condescension:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">10</sup> as also, to pray with and for others.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">11</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 95:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19095006.01-1">Oh come, let us worship and bow down;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let us kneel before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, our Maker!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49003012.01-1">in whom we have boldness and access with confidence through our faith in him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 7:9-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40007009.01-1"><span class="woc">Or which one of you, if his son asks him for bread, will give him a stone?</span> <span class="woc">Or if he asks for a fish, will give him a serpent?</span> <span class="woc">If you then, who are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will your Father who is in heaven give good things to those who ask him!</span></p> </div><h5>Luke 11:11-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42011011.01-2"><span class="woc">What father among you, if his son asks for a fish, will instead of a fish give him a serpent;</span> <span class="woc">or if he asks for an egg, will give him a scorpion?</span> <span class="woc">If you then, who are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will the heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him!”</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 8:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008015.01-3">For you did not receive the spirit of slavery to fall back into fear, but you have received the Spirit of adoption as sons, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 3:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49003020.01-1">Now to him who is able to do far more abundantly than all that we ask or think, according to the power at work within us,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 6:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006018.01-1">praying at all times in the Spirit, with all prayer and supplication. To that end keep alert with all perseverance, making supplication for all the saints,</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 2:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p54002001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v54002001-2">2:1 </span>First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people, for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006009.01-1"><span class="woc">Pray then like this:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006009.05-1"><span class="woc">“Our Father in heaven,<br/> hallowed be your name.</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 11:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42011002.01-2">And he said to them, <span class="woc">“When you pray, say:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42011002.10-2"><span class="woc">“Father, hallowed be your name.<br/> Your kingdom come.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 103:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19103013.01-1">As a father shows compassion to his children,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> shows compassion to those who fear him.</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 11:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42011013.01-2"><span class="woc">If you then, who are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will the heavenly Father give the Holy Spirit to those who ask him!”</span></p> </div><h5>Romans 8:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008015.01-3">For you did not receive the spirit of slavery to fall back into fear, but you have received the Spirit of adoption as sons, by whom we cry, “Abba! Father!”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 64:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23064009.01-1">Be not so terribly angry, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and remember not iniquity forever.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Behold, please look, we are all your people.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 3:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p51003001.06-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v51003001-1">3:1 </span>If then you have been raised with Christ, seek the things that are above, where Christ is, seated at the right hand of God. Set your minds on things that are above, not on things that are on earth.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 123:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19123001.13-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19123001-2">123:1 </span>To you I lift up my eyes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O you who are enthroned in the heavens!</p> </div> </div><h5>Lamentations 3:41</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p25003041.01-3">Let us lift up our hearts and hands<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to God in heaven:  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 63:15-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23063015.04-1">Look down from heaven and see,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from your holy and beautiful habitation.<br/> Where are your zeal and your might?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>The stirring of your inner parts and your compassion<br/> <span class="indent"></span>are held back from me.<br/>  For you are our Father,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>though Abraham does not know us,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and Israel does not acknowledge us;<br/> you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, are our Father,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>our Redeemer from of old is your name.</p> </div> </div><h5>Nehemiah 1:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p16001004.03-2">As soon as I heard these words I sat down and wept and mourned for days, and I continued fasting and praying before the God of heaven. And I said, “O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God of heaven, the great and awesome God who keeps covenant and steadfast love with those who love him and keep his commandments, let your ear be attentive and your eyes open, to hear the prayer of your servant that I now pray before you day and night for the people of Israel your servants, confessing the sins of the people of Israel, which we have sinned against you. Even I and my father's house have sinned.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 113:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19113004.01-3">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is high above all nations,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his glory above the heavens!<br/>  Who is like the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who is seated on high,<br/>  who looks far down<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on the heavens and the earth?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Acts 12:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44012005.01-1">So Peter was kept in prison, but earnest prayer for him was made to God by the church.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 2:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p54002001.05-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v54002001-2">2:1 </span>First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people, for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way.</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 6:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006018.01-3">praying at all times in the Spirit, with all prayer and supplication. To that end keep alert with all perseverance, making supplication for all the saints,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 24 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 188 — Of how many parts doth the Lord's prayer consist?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/23</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 188.</span> Of how many parts doth the Lord's Prayer consist?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Lord's Prayer consists of three parts; a preface, petitions, and a conclusion.</p>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 23 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 187 — How is the Lord's prayer to be used?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/22</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 187.</span> How is the Lord's Prayer to be used?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Lord's Prayer is not only for direction, as a pattern, according to which we are to make other prayers; but may also be used as a prayer, so that it be done with understanding, faith, reverence, and other graces necessary to the right performance of the duty of prayer.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006009.01-1"><span class="woc">Pray then like this:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006009.05-1"><span class="woc">“Our Father in heaven,<br/> hallowed be your name.</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 11:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42011002.01-2">And he said to them, <span class="woc">“When you pray, say:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42011002.10-2"><span class="woc">“Father, hallowed be your name.<br/> Your kingdom come.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 22 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 99 + WLC 186 — What rule hath God given for our direction in the duty of prayer?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/21</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 99.</span> What rule hath God given for our direction in prayer?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The whole Word of God is of use to direct us in prayer;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> but the special rule of direction is that form of prayer which Christ taught his disciples, commonly called the Lord's Prayer.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 186.</span> What rule hath God given for our direction in the duty of prayer?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The whole Word of God is of use to direct us in the duty of prayer;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> but the special rule of direction is that form of prayer which our Savior Christ taught his disciples, commonly called the Lord's Prayer.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 5:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62005014.01-1">And this is the confidence that we have toward him, that if we ask anything according to his will he hears us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:9-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006009.01-1"><span class="woc">Pray then like this:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006009.05-1"><span class="woc">“Our Father in heaven,<br/> hallowed be your name.</span><br/> <span class="woc">Your kingdom come,<br/> your will be done,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on earth as it is in heaven.</span><br/> <span class="woc">Give us this day our daily bread,</span><br/> <span class="woc">and forgive us our debts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as we also have forgiven our debtors.</span><br/> <span class="woc">And lead us not into temptation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but deliver us from evil.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 5:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62005014.01-1">And this is the confidence that we have toward him, that if we ask anything according to his will he hears us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:9-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006009.01-1"><span class="woc">Pray then like this:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006009.05-1"><span class="woc">“Our Father in heaven,<br/> hallowed be your name.</span><br/> <span class="woc">Your kingdom come,<br/> your will be done,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>on earth as it is in heaven.</span><br/> <span class="woc">Give us this day our daily bread,</span><br/> <span class="woc">and forgive us our debts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>as we also have forgiven our debtors.</span><br/> <span class="woc">And lead us not into temptation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but deliver us from evil.</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 11:2-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42011002.01-2">And he said to them, <span class="woc">“When you pray, say:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p42011002.10-2"><span class="woc">“Father, hallowed be your name.<br/> Your kingdom come.</span><br/> <span class="woc">Give us each day our daily bread,</span><br/> <span class="woc">and forgive us our sins,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for we ourselves forgive everyone who is indebted to us.<br/> And lead us not into temptation.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 21 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 60 + WLC 117 — How is the Sabbath or the Lord's day to be sanctified?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/20</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 60.</span> How is the sabbath to be sanctified?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Sabbath is to be sanctified by a holy resting all that day, even from such worldly employments and recreations as are lawful on other days;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and spending the whole time in the public and private exercises of God's worship,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> except so much as is to be taken up in the works of necessity and mercy.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 117.</span> How is the Sabbath or the Lord's Day to be sanctified?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The Sabbath or Lord's Day is to be sanctified by an holy resting all the day,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">4</sup> not only from such works as are at all times sinful, but even from such worldly employments and recreations as are on other days lawful;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">5</sup> and making it our delight to spend the whole time (except so much of it as is to be taken up in works of necessity and mercy<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">6</sup>) in the public and private exercises of God's worship:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">7</sup> and, to that end, we are to prepare our hearts, and with such foresight, diligence, and moderation, to dispose and seasonably dispatch our worldly business, that we may be the more free and fit for the duties of that day.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">8</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020010.01-1">but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates.</p> </div><h5>Nehemiah 13:15-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16013015.01-2">In those days I saw in Judah people treading winepresses on the Sabbath, and bringing in heaps of grain and loading them on donkeys, and also wine, grapes, figs, and all kinds of loads, which they brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. And I warned them on the day when they sold food. Tyrians also, who lived in the city, brought in fish and all kinds of goods and sold them on the Sabbath to the people of Judah, in Jerusalem itself! Then I confronted the nobles of Judah and said to them, “What is this evil thing that you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day? Did not your fathers act in this way, and did not our God bring all this disaster on us and on this city? Now you are bringing more wrath on Israel by profaning the Sabbath.”</p> <p id="p16013019.01-2">As soon as it began to grow dark at the gates of Jerusalem before the Sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut and gave orders that they should not be opened until after the Sabbath. And I stationed some of my servants at the gates, that no load might be brought in on the Sabbath day. Then the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares lodged outside Jerusalem once or twice. But I warned them and said to them, “Why do you lodge outside the wall? If you do so again, I will lay hands on you.” From that time on they did not come on the Sabbath. Then I commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves and come and guard the gates, to keep the Sabbath day holy. Remember this also in my favor, O my God, and spare me according to the greatness of your steadfast love.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 58:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23058013.01-3">“If you turn back your foot from the Sabbath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from doing your pleasure on my holy day,<br/> and call the Sabbath a delight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the holy day of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> honorable;<br/> if you honor it, not going your own ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or seeking your own pleasure, or talking idly;<br/>  then you shall take delight in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will make you ride on the heights of the earth;<br/> I will feed you with the heritage of Jacob your father,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the mouth of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has spoken.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020008.01-1">“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 23:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p03023003.03-2">“Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, a holy convocation. You shall do no work. It is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in all your dwelling places.</p> </div><h5>Luke 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42004016.05-3">And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up. And as was his custom, he went to the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and he stood up to read.</p> </div><h5>Acts 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44020007.06-4">On the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul talked with them, intending to depart on the next day, and he prolonged his speech until midnight.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 12:1-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40012001.07-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v40012001-1">12:1 </span>At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath. His disciples were hungry, and they began to pluck heads of grain and to eat. But when the Pharisees saw it, they said to him, “Look, your disciples are doing what is not lawful to do on the Sabbath.” He said to them, <span class="woc">“Have you not read what David did when he was hungry, and those who were with him:</span> <span class="woc">how he entered the house of God and ate the bread of the Presence, which it was not lawful for him to eat nor for those who were with him, but only for the priests?</span> <span class="woc">Or have you not read in the Law how on the Sabbath the priests in the temple profane the Sabbath and are guiltless?</span> <span class="woc">I tell you, something greater than the temple is here.</span> <span class="woc">And if you had known what this means, ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the guiltless.</span> <span class="woc">For the Son of Man is lord of the Sabbath.”</span></p> <p id="p40012009.07-1">He went on from there and entered their synagogue. And a man was there with a withered hand. And they asked him, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath?”—so that they might accuse him. He said to them, <span class="woc">“Which one of you who has a sheep, if it falls into a pit on the Sabbath, will not take hold of it and lift it out?</span> <span class="woc">Of how much more value is a man than a sheep! So it is lawful to do good on the Sabbath.”</span> Then he said to the man, <span class="woc">“Stretch out your hand.”</span> And the man stretched it out, and it was restored, healthy like the other.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020008.01-1">“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 20:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020010.01-2">but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 16:25-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02016025.01-1">Moses said, “Eat it today, for today is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; today you will not find it in the field. Six days you shall gather it, but on the seventh day, which is a Sabbath, there will be none.”</p> <p id="p02016027.01-1">On the seventh day some of the people went out to gather, but they found none. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Moses, “How long will you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws?</p> </div><h5>Jeremiah 17:21-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p24017021.01-2">Thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>: Take care for the sake of your lives, and do not bear a burden on the Sabbath day or bring it in by the gates of Jerusalem. And do not carry a burden out of your houses on the Sabbath or do any work, but keep the Sabbath day holy, as I commanded your fathers.</p> </div><h5>Nehemiah 13:15-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p16013015.01-3">In those days I saw in Judah people treading winepresses on the Sabbath, and bringing in heaps of grain and loading them on donkeys, and also wine, grapes, figs, and all kinds of loads, which they brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. And I warned them on the day when they sold food. Tyrians also, who lived in the city, brought in fish and all kinds of goods and sold them on the Sabbath to the people of Judah, in Jerusalem itself! Then I confronted the nobles of Judah and said to them, “What is this evil thing that you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day? Did not your fathers act in this way, and did not our God bring all this disaster on us and on this city? Now you are bringing more wrath on Israel by profaning the Sabbath.”</p> <p id="p16013019.01-3">As soon as it began to grow dark at the gates of Jerusalem before the Sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut and gave orders that they should not be opened until after the Sabbath. And I stationed some of my servants at the gates, that no load might be brought in on the Sabbath day. Then the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares lodged outside Jerusalem once or twice. But I warned them and said to them, “Why do you lodge outside the wall? If you do so again, I will lay hands on you.” From that time on they did not come on the Sabbath. Then I commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves and come and guard the gates, to keep the Sabbath day holy. Remember this also in my favor, O my God, and spare me according to the greatness of your steadfast love.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 12:1-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40012001.07-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v40012001-1">12:1 </span>At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath. His disciples were hungry, and they began to pluck heads of grain and to eat. But when the Pharisees saw it, they said to him, “Look, your disciples are doing what is not lawful to do on the Sabbath.” He said to them, <span class="woc">“Have you not read what David did when he was hungry, and those who were with him:</span> <span class="woc">how he entered the house of God and ate the bread of the Presence, which it was not lawful for him to eat nor for those who were with him, but only for the priests?</span> <span class="woc">Or have you not read in the Law how on the Sabbath the priests in the temple profane the Sabbath and are guiltless?</span> <span class="woc">I tell you, something greater than the temple is here.</span> <span class="woc">And if you had known what this means, ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the guiltless.</span> <span class="woc">For the Son of Man is lord of the Sabbath.”</span></p> <p id="p40012009.07-1">He went on from there and entered their synagogue. And a man was there with a withered hand. And they asked him, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath?”—so that they might accuse him. He said to them, <span class="woc">“Which one of you who has a sheep, if it falls into a pit on the Sabbath, will not take hold of it and lift it out?</span> <span class="woc">Of how much more value is a man than a sheep! So it is lawful to do good on the Sabbath.”</span> Then he said to the man, <span class="woc">“Stretch out your hand.”</span> And the man stretched it out, and it was restored, healthy like the other.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 58:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23058013.01-1">“If you turn back your foot from the Sabbath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from doing your pleasure on my holy day,<br/> and call the Sabbath a delight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the holy day of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> honorable;<br/> if you honor it, not going your own ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or seeking your own pleasure, or talking idly;<br/>  then you shall take delight in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will make you ride on the heights of the earth;<br/> I will feed you with the heritage of Jacob your father,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the mouth of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has spoken.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Luke 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p42004016.05-2">And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up. And as was his custom, he went to the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and he stood up to read.</p> </div><h5>Acts 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44020007.06-3">On the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul talked with them, intending to depart on the next day, and he prolonged his speech until midnight.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 16:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46016001.06-4"><span class="chapter-num" id="v46016001-4">16:1 </span>Now concerning the collection for the saints: as I directed the churches of Galatia, so you also are to do. On the first day of every week, each of you is to put something aside and store it up, as he may prosper, so that there will be no collecting when I come.</p> </div><h5>Leviticus 23:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p03023003.03-5">“Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, a holy convocation. You shall do no work. It is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in all your dwelling places.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 92</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19092001.13-6"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19092001-6">92:1 </span>It is good to give thanks to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to sing praises to your name, O Most High;<br/>  to declare your steadfast love in the morning,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and your faithfulness by night,<br/>  to the music of the lute and the harp,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to the melody of the lyre.<br/>  For you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, have made me glad by your work;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>at the works of your hands I sing for joy.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19092005.01-6">How great are your works, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Your thoughts are very deep!<br/>  The stupid man cannot know;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the fool cannot understand this:<br/>  that though the wicked sprout like grass<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all evildoers flourish,<br/> they are doomed to destruction forever;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>but you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, are on high forever.<br/>  For behold, your enemies, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for behold, your enemies shall perish;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all evildoers shall be scattered.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19092010.01-6">But you have exalted my horn like that of the wild ox;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have poured over me fresh oil.<br/>  My eyes have seen the downfall of my enemies;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my ears have heard the doom of my evil assailants.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19092012.01-6">The righteous flourish like the palm tree<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and grow like a cedar in Lebanon.<br/>  They are planted in the house of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they flourish in the courts of our God.<br/>  They still bear fruit in old age;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they are ever full of sap and green,<br/>  to declare that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is upright;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he is my rock, and there is no unrighteousness in him.</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 66:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23066023.01-7">From new moon to new moon,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and from Sabbath to Sabbath,<br/> all flesh shall come to worship before me,<br/> declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 23:54</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>It was the day of Preparation, and the Sabbath was beginning.</p> </div> <h5>Luke 23:56</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then they returned and prepared spices and ointments.</p> <p>On the Sabbath they rested according to the commandment.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 16:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>On the sixth day they gathered twice as much bread, two omers each. And when all the leaders of the congregation came and told Moses,</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 16:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Moses said, “Eat it today, for today is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; today you will not find it in the field. Six days you shall gather it, but on the seventh day, which is a Sabbath, there will be none.”</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 16:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>See! The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has given you the Sabbath; therefore on the sixth day he gives you bread for two days. Remain each of you in his place; let no one go out of his place on the seventh day.”</p> </div> <h5>Nehemiah 13:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>As soon as it began to grow dark at the gates of Jerusalem before the Sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut and gave orders that they should not be opened until after the Sabbath. And I stationed some of my servants at the gates, that no load might be brought in on the Sabbath day.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 20 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 21.8 — Of religious worship, and the Sabbath day, part 8</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/19</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 21: Of Religious Worship, and the Sabbath Day</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">8.</span> This Sabbath is then kept holy unto the Lord, when men, after a due preparing of their hearts, and ordering of their common affairs beforehand, do not only observe an holy rest, all the day, from their own works, words, and thoughts about their worldly employments and recreations,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> but also are taken up, the whole time, in the public and private exercises of his worship, and in the duties of necessity and mercy.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 16:23-30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>he said to them, “This is what the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has commanded: ‘Tomorrow is a day of solemn rest, a holy Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; bake what you will bake and boil what you will boil, and all that is left over lay aside to be kept till the morning.’” So they laid it aside till the morning, as Moses commanded them, and it did not stink, and there were no worms in it. Moses said, “Eat it today, for today is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; today you will not find it in the field. Six days you shall gather it, but on the seventh day, which is a Sabbath, there will be none.”</p> <p>On the seventh day some of the people went out to gather, but they found none. And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> said to Moses, “How long will you refuse to keep my commandments and my laws? See! The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has given you the Sabbath; therefore on the sixth day he gives you bread for two days. Remain each of you in his place; let no one go out of his place on the seventh day.” So the people rested on the seventh day.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 31:15-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Six days shall work be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, holy to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day shall be put to death. Therefore the people of Israel shall keep the Sabbath, observing the Sabbath throughout their generations, as a covenant forever. It is a sign forever between me and the people of Israel that in six days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made the heavens and the earth, and on the seventh day he rested and was refreshed.’”</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 58:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“If you turn back your foot from the Sabbath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from doing your pleasure on my holy day,<br/> and call the Sabbath a delight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the holy day of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> honorable;<br/> if you honor it, not going your own ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or seeking your own pleasure, or talking idly;<br/> then you shall take delight in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will make you ride on the heights of the earth;<br/> I will feed you with the heritage of Jacob your father,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the mouth of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has spoken.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Nehemiah 13:15-22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>In those days I saw in Judah people treading winepresses on the Sabbath, and bringing in heaps of grain and loading them on donkeys, and also wine, grapes, figs, and all kinds of loads, which they brought into Jerusalem on the Sabbath day. And I warned them on the day when they sold food. Tyrians also, who lived in the city, brought in fish and all kinds of goods and sold them on the Sabbath to the people of Judah, in Jerusalem itself! Then I confronted the nobles of Judah and said to them, “What is this evil thing that you are doing, profaning the Sabbath day? Did not your fathers act in this way, and did not our God bring all this disaster on us and on this city? Now you are bringing more wrath on Israel by profaning the Sabbath.”</p> <p>As soon as it began to grow dark at the gates of Jerusalem before the Sabbath, I commanded that the doors should be shut and gave orders that they should not be opened until after the Sabbath. And I stationed some of my servants at the gates, that no load might be brought in on the Sabbath day. Then the merchants and sellers of all kinds of wares lodged outside Jerusalem once or twice. But I warned them and said to them, “Why do you lodge outside the wall? If you do so again, I will lay hands on you.” From that time on they did not come on the Sabbath. Then I commanded the Levites that they should purify themselves and come and guard the gates, to keep the Sabbath day holy. Remember this also in my favor, O my God, and spare me according to the greatness of your steadfast love.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 58:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“If you turn back your foot from the Sabbath,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from doing your pleasure on my holy day,<br/> and call the Sabbath a delight<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the holy day of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> honorable;<br/> if you honor it, not going your own ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>or seeking your own pleasure, or talking idly;<br/> then you shall take delight in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I will make you ride on the heights of the earth;<br/> I will feed you with the heritage of Jacob your father,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the mouth of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has spoken.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Luke 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up. And as was his custom, he went to the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and he stood up to read.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 12:1-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>At that time Jesus went through the grainfields on the Sabbath. His disciples were hungry, and they began to pluck heads of grain and to eat. But when the Pharisees saw it, they said to him, “Look, your disciples are doing what is not lawful to do on the Sabbath.” He said to them, <span class="woc">“Have you not read what David did when he was hungry, and those who were with him:</span> <span class="woc">how he entered the house of God and ate the bread of the Presence, which it was not lawful for him to eat nor for those who were with him, but only for the priests?</span> <span class="woc">Or have you not read in the Law how on the Sabbath the priests in the temple profane the Sabbath and are guiltless?</span> <span class="woc">I tell you, something greater than the temple is here.</span> <span class="woc">And if you had known what this means, ‘I desire mercy, and not sacrifice,’ you would not have condemned the guiltless.</span> <span class="woc">For the Son of Man is lord of the Sabbath.”</span></p> <p>He went on from there and entered their synagogue. And a man was there with a withered hand. And they asked him, “Is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath?”—so that they might accuse him. He said to them, <span class="woc">“Which one of you who has a sheep, if it falls into a pit on the Sabbath, will not take hold of it and lift it out?</span> <span class="woc">Of how much more value is a man than a sheep! So it is lawful to do good on the Sabbath.”</span> Then he said to the man, <span class="woc">“Stretch out your hand.”</span> And the man stretched it out, and it was restored, healthy like the other.</p> </div> <h5>Mark 3:1-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Again he entered the synagogue, and a man was there with a withered hand. And they watched Jesus, to see whether he would heal him on the Sabbath, so that they might accuse him. And he said to the man with the withered hand, <span class="woc">“Come here.”</span> And he said to them, <span class="woc">“Is it lawful on the Sabbath to do good or to do harm, to save life or to kill?”</span> But they were silent. And he looked around at them with anger, grieved at their hardness of heart, and said to the man, <span class="woc">“Stretch out your hand.”</span> He stretched it out, and his hand was restored.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 19 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WSC 59 + WLC 116 — Which day of the seven hath God appointed to be the weekly Sabbath?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/18</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 59.</span> Which day of the seven hath God appointed to be the weekly sabbath?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> From the beginning of the world to the resurrection of Christ, God appointed the seventh day of the week to be the weekly Sabbath;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> and the first day of the week ever since, to continue to the end of the world, which is the Christian Sabbath.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 116.</span> What is required in the fourth commandment?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The fourth commandment requireth of all men the sanctifying or keeping holy to God such set times as he hath appointed in his Word, expressly one whole day in seven; which was the seventh from the beginning of the world to the resurrection of Christ, and the first day of the week ever since, and so to continue to the end of the world; which is the Christian sabbath,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">3</sup> and in the New Testament called the Lord's Day.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002002.01-1">And on the seventh day God finished his work that he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work that he had done. So God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it God rested from all his work that he had done in creation.</p> </div><h5>Exodus 20:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p02020011.01-2">For in six days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 2:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41002027.01-1">And he said to them, <span class="woc">“The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath.</span> <span class="woc">So the Son of Man is lord even of the Sabbath.”</span></p> </div><h5>Acts 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44020007.06-2">On the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul talked with them, intending to depart on the next day, and he prolonged his speech until midnight.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 16:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46016002.01-3">On the first day of every week, each of you is to put something aside and store it up, as he may prosper, so that there will be no collecting when I come.</p> </div><h5>Revelation 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66001010.01-4">I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day, and I heard behind me a loud voice like a trumpet  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 5:12-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p05005012.01-1">“‘Observe the Sabbath day, to keep it holy, as the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God commanded you. Six days you shall labor and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you or your son or your daughter or your male servant or your female servant, or your ox or your donkey or any of your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates, that your male servant and your female servant may rest as well as you.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 2:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002002.01-2">And on the seventh day God finished his work that he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work that he had done. So God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it God rested from all his work that he had done in creation.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 16:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46016001.06-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v46016001-3">16:1 </span>Now concerning the collection for the saints: as I directed the churches of Galatia, so you also are to do. On the first day of every week, each of you is to put something aside and store it up, as he may prosper, so that there will be no collecting when I come.</p> </div><h5>Acts 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44020007.06-4">On the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul talked with them, intending to depart on the next day, and he prolonged his speech until midnight.</p> </div><h5>John 20:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p43020019.06-5">On the evening of that day, the first day of the week, the doors being locked where the disciples were for fear of the Jews, Jesus came and stood among them and said to them, <span class="woc">“Peace be with you.”</span></p> </div><h5>John 20:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43020026.01-6">Eight days later, his disciples were inside again, and Thomas was with them. Although the doors were locked, Jesus came and stood among them and said, <span class="woc">“Peace be with you.”</span></p> </div><h5>Matthew 5:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40005017.07-7"><span class="woc">“Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them.</span> <span class="woc">For truly, I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, not an iota, not a dot, will pass from the Law until all is accomplished.</span></p> </div><h5>Isaiah 56:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23056002.01-8">Blessed is the man who does this,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the son of man who holds it fast,<br/> who keeps the Sabbath, not profaning it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and keeps his hand from doing any evil.”</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 56:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23056004.01-9">For thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>:<br/> “To the eunuchs who keep my Sabbaths,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who choose the things that please me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and hold fast my covenant,</p> </div> </div><h5>Isaiah 56:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23056006.01-10">“And the foreigners who join themselves to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to minister to him, to love the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to be his servants,<br/> everyone who keeps the Sabbath and does not profane it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and holds fast my covenant—<br/>  these I will bring to my holy mountain,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and make them joyful in my house of prayer;<br/> their burnt offerings and their sacrifices<br/> <span class="indent"></span>will be accepted on my altar;<br/> for my house shall be called a house of prayer<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all peoples.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66001010.01-1">I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day, and I heard behind me a loud voice like a trumpet  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 18 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 21.7 — Of religious worship, and the Sabbath day, part 7</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/17</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 21: Of Religious Worship, and the Sabbath Day</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">7.</span> As it is the law of nature, that, in general, a due proportion of time be set apart for the worship of God; so, in his Word, by a positive, moral, and perpetual commandment binding all men in all ages, he hath particularly appointed one day in seven, for a Sabbath, to be kept holy unto him:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> which, from the beginning of the world to the resurrection of Christ, was the last day of the week; and, from the resurrection of Christ, was changed into the first day of the week,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> which, in Scripture, is called the Lord's day,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> and is to be continued to the end of the world, as the Christian Sabbath.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 20:8-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. Six days you shall labor, and do all your work, but the seventh day is a Sabbath to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God. On it you shall not do any work, you, or your son, or your daughter, your male servant, or your female servant, or your livestock, or the sojourner who is within your gates. For in six days the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> made the heavens and the earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested on the seventh day. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> blessed the Sabbath day and made it holy.</p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 56:2-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Blessed is the man who does this,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the son of man who holds it fast,<br/> who keeps the Sabbath, not profaning it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and keeps his hand from doing any evil.”<br/> Let not the foreigner who has joined himself to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> say,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will surely separate me from his people”;<br/> and let not the eunuch say,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Behold, I am a dry tree.”<br/> For thus says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>:<br/> “To the eunuchs who keep my Sabbaths,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who choose the things that please me<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and hold fast my covenant,<br/> I will give in my house and within my walls<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a monument and a name<br/> <span class="indent"></span>better than sons and daughters;<br/> I will give them an everlasting name<br/> <span class="indent"></span>that shall not be cut off.<br/> “And the foreigners who join themselves to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to minister to him, to love the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to be his servants,<br/> everyone who keeps the Sabbath and does not profane it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and holds fast my covenant—<br/> these I will bring to my holy mountain,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and make them joyful in my house of prayer;<br/> their burnt offerings and their sacrifices<br/> <span class="indent"></span>will be accepted on my altar;<br/> for my house shall be called a house of prayer<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all peoples.”</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 2:2-3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01002002.01-1">And on the seventh day God finished his work that he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work that he had done. So God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it God rested from all his work that he had done in creation.</p> </div><h5>1 Corinthians 16:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p46016001.06-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v46016001-2">16:1 </span>Now concerning the collection for the saints: as I directed the churches of Galatia, so you also are to do. On the first day of every week, each of you is to put something aside and store it up, as he may prosper, so that there will be no collecting when I come.</p> </div><h5>Acts 20:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p44020007.06-3">On the first day of the week, when we were gathered together to break bread, Paul talked with them, intending to depart on the next day, and he prolonged his speech until midnight.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Revelation 1:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66001010.01-1">I was in the Spirit on the Lord's day, and I heard behind me a loud voice like a trumpet  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:17-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them.</span> <span class="woc">For truly, I say to you, until heaven and earth pass away, not an iota, not a dot, will pass from the Law until all is accomplished.</span></p> </div> <h5>Mark 2:27-28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he said to them, <span class="woc">“The Sabbath was made for man, not man for the Sabbath.</span> <span class="woc">So the Son of Man is lord even of the Sabbath.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Romans 13:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Owe no one anything, except to love each other, for the one who loves another has fulfilled the law. For the commandments, “You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,” and any other commandment, are summed up in this word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.</p> </div> <h5>James 2:8-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If you really fulfill the royal law according to the Scripture, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself,” you are doing well. But if you show partiality, you are committing sin and are convicted by the law as transgressors. For whoever keeps the whole law but fails in one point has become guilty of all of it. For he who said, “Do not commit adultery,” also said, “Do not murder.” If you do not commit adultery but do murder, you have become a transgressor of the law. So speak and so act as those who are to be judged under the law of liberty.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 17 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 21.6 — Of religious worship, and the Sabbath day, part 6</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/16</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 21: Of Religious Worship, and the Sabbath Day</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">6.</span> Neither prayer, nor any other part of religious worship, is now, under the gospel, either tied unto, or made more acceptable by any place in which it is performed, or towards which it is directed:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> but God is to be worshiped everywhere,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> in spirit and truth;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> as, in private families<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> daily,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> and in secret, each one by himself;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> so, more solemnly in the public assemblies, which are not carelessly or willfully to be neglected, or forsaken, when God, by his Word or providence, calleth thereunto.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 4:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43004021.01-1">Jesus said to her, <span class="woc">“Woman, believe me, the hour is coming when neither on this mountain nor in Jerusalem will you worship the Father.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Malachi 1:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p39001011.01-1">For from the rising of the sun to its setting my name will be great among the nations, and in every place incense will be offered to my name, and a pure offering. For my name will be great among the nations, says the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 2:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54002008.01-2">I desire then that in every place the men should pray, lifting holy hands without anger or quarreling;  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 4:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But the hour is coming, and is now here, when the true worshipers will worship the Father in spirit and truth, for the Father is seeking such people to worship him.</span> <span class="woc">God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.”</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Jeremiah 10:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Pour out your wrath on the nations that know you not,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and on the peoples that call not on your name,<br/> for they have devoured Jacob;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they have devoured him and consumed him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and have laid waste his habitation.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 6:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And these words that I command you today shall be on your heart. You shall teach them diligently to your children, and shall talk of them when you sit in your house, and when you walk by the way, and when you lie down, and when you rise.</p> </div> <h5>Job 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when the days of the feast had run their course, Job would send and consecrate them, and he would rise early in the morning and offer burnt offerings according to the number of them all. For Job said, “It may be that my children have sinned, and cursed God in their hearts.” Thus Job did continually.</p> </div> <h5>2 Samuel 6:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when David had finished offering the burnt offerings and the peace offerings, he blessed the people in the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts</p> </div> <h5>2 Samuel 6:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And David returned to bless his household. But Michal the daughter of Saul came out to meet David and said, “How the king of Israel honored himself today, uncovering himself today before the eyes of his servants’ female servants, as one of the vulgar fellows shamelessly uncovers himself!”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">Give us this day our daily bread,</span></p> </div> </div> <h5>Job 1:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when the days of the feast had run their course, Job would send and consecrate them, and he would rise early in the morning and offer burnt offerings according to the number of them all. For Job said, “It may be that my children have sinned, and cursed God in their hearts.” Thus Job did continually.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But when you pray, go into your room and shut the door and pray to your Father who is in secret. And your Father who sees in secret will reward you.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 6:16-18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“And when you fast, do not look gloomy like the hypocrites, for they disfigure their faces that their fasting may be seen by others. Truly, I say to you, they have received their reward.</span> <span class="woc">But when you fast, anoint your head and wash your face,</span> <span class="woc">that your fasting may not be seen by others but by your Father who is in secret. And your Father who sees in secret will reward you.</span></p> </div> <h5>Nehemiah 1:4-11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>As soon as I heard these words I sat down and wept and mourned for days, and I continued fasting and praying before the God of heaven. And I said, “O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God of heaven, the great and awesome God who keeps covenant and steadfast love with those who love him and keep his commandments, let your ear be attentive and your eyes open, to hear the prayer of your servant that I now pray before you day and night for the people of Israel your servants, confessing the sins of the people of Israel, which we have sinned against you. Even I and my father’s house have sinned. We have acted very corruptly against you and have not kept the commandments, the statutes, and the rules that you commanded your servant Moses. Remember the word that you commanded your servant Moses, saying, ‘If you are unfaithful, I will scatter you among the peoples, but if you return to me and keep my commandments and do them, though your outcasts are in the uttermost parts of heaven, from there I will gather them and bring them to the place that I have chosen, to make my name dwell there.’ They are your servants and your people, whom you have redeemed by your great power and by your strong hand. O Lord, let your ear be attentive to the prayer of your servant, and to the prayer of your servants who delight to fear your name, and give success to your servant today, and grant him mercy in the sight of this man.”</p> <p>Now I was cupbearer to the king.</p> </div> <h5>Daniel 9:3-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then I turned my face to the Lord God, seeking him by prayer and pleas for mercy with fasting and sackcloth and ashes. I prayed to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> my God and made confession, saying, “O Lord, the great and awesome God, who keeps covenant and steadfast love with those who love him and keep his commandments,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 56:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“And the foreigners who join themselves to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to minister to him, to love the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to be his servants,<br/> everyone who keeps the Sabbath and does not profane it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and holds fast my covenant—<br/> these I will bring to my holy mountain,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and make them joyful in my house of prayer;<br/> their burnt offerings and their sacrifices<br/> <span class="indent"></span>will be accepted on my altar;<br/> for my house shall be called a house of prayer<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for all peoples.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Hebrews 10:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>not neglecting to meet together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging one another, and all the more as you see the Day drawing near.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 100:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Enter his gates with thanksgiving,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his courts with praise!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Give thanks to him; bless his name!</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 122:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I was glad when they said to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“Let us go to the house of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 84:1-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">How lovely is your dwelling place,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts!<br/> My soul longs, yes, faints<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the courts of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> my heart and flesh sing for joy<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to the living God.<br/> Even the sparrow finds a home,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the swallow a nest for herself,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>where she may lay her young,<br/> at your altars, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my King and my God.<br/> Blessed are those who dwell in your house,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>ever singing your praise! Selah<br/> Blessed are those whose strength is in you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>in whose heart are the highways to Zion.<br/> As they go through the Valley of Baca<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they make it a place of springs;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the early rain also covers it with pools.<br/> They go from strength to strength;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>each one appears before God in Zion.<br/> O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God of hosts, hear my prayer;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>give ear, O God of Jacob! Selah<br/> Behold our shield, O God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>look on the face of your anointed!<br/> For a day in your courts is better<br/> <span class="indent"></span>than a thousand elsewhere.<br/> I would rather be a doorkeeper in the house of my God<br/> <span class="indent"></span>than dwell in the tents of wickedness.<br/> For the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God is a sun and shield;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> bestows favor and honor.<br/> No good thing does he withhold<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from those who walk uprightly.<br/> O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> of hosts,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>blessed is the one who trusts in you!</p> </div> </div> <h5>Luke 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up. And as was his custom, he went to the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and he stood up to read.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 13:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>As they went out, the people begged that these things might be told them the next Sabbath.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 13:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The next Sabbath almost the whole city gathered to hear the word of the Lord.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And they devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 16 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 21.5 — Of religious worship, and the Sabbath day, part 5</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/15</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 21: Of Religious Worship, and the Sabbath Day</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">5.</span> The reading of the Scriptures with godly fear,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> the sound preaching<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and conscionable hearing of the Word, in obedience unto God, with understanding, faith, and reverence,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> singing of psalms with grace in the heart;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup> as also, the due administration and worthy receiving of the sacraments instituted by Christ, are all parts of the ordinary religious worship of God:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">5</sup> beside religious oaths,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">6</sup> vows,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">7</sup> solemn fastings,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf8">8</sup> and thanksgivings upon special occasions,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf9">9</sup> which are, in their several times and seasons, to be used in an holy and religious manner.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf10">10</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 4:16-17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up. And as was his custom, he went to the synagogue on the Sabbath day, and he stood up to read. And the scroll of the prophet Isaiah was given to him. He unrolled the scroll and found the place where it was written,</p> </div> <h5>Acts 15:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">For from ancient generations Moses has had in every city those who proclaim him, for he is read every Sabbath in the synagogues.”</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 4:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when this letter has been read among you, have it also read in the church of the Laodiceans; and see that you also read the letter from Laodicea.</p> </div> <h5>1 Thessalonians 5:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>I put you under oath before the Lord to have this letter read to all the brothers.</p> </div> <h5>Revelation 1:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Blessed is the one who reads aloud the words of this prophecy, and blessed are those who hear, and who keep what is written in it, for the time is near.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Timothy 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>preach the word; be ready in season and out of season; reprove, rebuke, and exhort, with complete patience and teaching.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 5:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And every day, in the temple and from house to house, they did not cease teaching and preaching that the Christ is Jesus.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 1:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001022.01-1">But be doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving yourselves.</p> </div><h5>Acts 10:33</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44010033.01-2">So I sent for you at once, and you have been kind enough to come. Now therefore we are all here in the presence of God to hear all that you have been commanded by the Lord.”</p> </div><h5>Matthew 13:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40013019.01-3"><span class="woc">When anyone hears the word of the kingdom and does not understand it, the evil one comes and snatches away what has been sown in his heart. This is what was sown along the path.</span></p> </div><h5>Hebrews 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58004002.01-4">For good news came to us just as to them, but the message they heard did not benefit them, because they were not united by faith with those who listened.</p> </div><h5>Isaiah 66:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23066002.01-5">All these things my hand has made,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and so all these things came to be,<br/> <span class="declares-line"></span> declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.<br/> But this is the one to whom I will look:<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he who is humble and contrite in spirit<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and trembles at my word.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 3:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly, teaching and admonishing one another in all wisdom, singing psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, with thankfulness in your hearts to God.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 5:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>addressing one another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody to the Lord with your heart,</p> </div> <h5>James 5:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Is anyone among you suffering? Let him pray. Is anyone cheerful? Let him sing praise.</p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 14:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>What am I to do? I will pray with my spirit, but I will pray with my mind also; I will sing praise with my spirit, but I will sing with my mind also.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div> <h5>1 Corinthians 11:23-29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For I received from the Lord what I also delivered to you, that the Lord Jesus on the night when he was betrayed took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and said, <span class="woc">“This is my body, which is for you. Do this in remembrance of me.”</span> In the same way also he took the cup, after supper, saying, <span class="woc">“This cup is the new covenant in my blood. Do this, as often as you drink it, in remembrance of me.”</span> For as often as you eat this bread and drink the cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes.</p> <p>Whoever, therefore, eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty concerning the body and blood of the Lord. Let a person examine himself, then, and so eat of the bread and drink of the cup. For anyone who eats and drinks without discerning the body eats and drinks judgment on himself.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 2:42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And they devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 6:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>It is the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God you shall fear. Him you shall serve and by his name you shall swear.</p> </div> <h5>Nehemiah 10:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>join with their brothers, their nobles, and enter into a curse and an oath to walk in God’s Law that was given by Moses the servant of God, and to observe and do all the commandments of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our Lord and his rules and his statutes.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 1:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But I call God to witness against me—it was to spare you that I refrained from coming again to Corinth.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 116:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I will pay my vows to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span>in the presence of all his people.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 19:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will make himself known to the Egyptians, and the Egyptians will know the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in that day and worship with sacrifice and offering, and they will make vows to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> and perform them.</p> </div> <h5>Ecclesiastes 5:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>When you vow a vow to God, do not delay paying it, for he has no pleasure in fools. Pay what you vow. It is better that you should not vow than that you should vow and not pay.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Joel 2:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Yet even now,” declares the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“return to me with all your heart,<br/> with fasting, with weeping, and with mourning;</p> </div> </div> <h5>Matthew 9:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And Jesus said to them, <span class="woc">“Can the wedding guests mourn as long as the bridegroom is with them? The days will come when the bridegroom is taken away from them, and then they will fast.</span></p> </div> <h5>Acts 14:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And when they had appointed elders for them in every church, with prayer and fasting they committed them to the Lord in whom they had believed.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Exodus 15:1-21</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Then Moses and the people of Israel sang this song to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, saying,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“I will sing to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, for he has triumphed gloriously;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea.<br/> The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is my strength and my song,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he has become my salvation;<br/> this is my God, and I will praise him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my father’s God, and I will exalt him.<br/> The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is a man of war;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is his name.<br/> “Pharaoh’s chariots and his host he cast into the sea,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his chosen officers were sunk in the Red Sea.<br/> The floods covered them;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they went down into the depths like a stone.<br/> Your right hand, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, glorious in power,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your right hand, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, shatters the enemy.<br/> In the greatness of your majesty you overthrow your adversaries;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you send out your fury; it consumes them like stubble.<br/> At the blast of your nostrils the waters piled up;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the floods stood up in a heap;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the deeps congealed in the heart of the sea.<br/> The enemy said, ‘I will pursue, I will overtake,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will divide the spoil, my desire shall have its fill of them.<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will draw my sword; my hand shall destroy them.’<br/> You blew with your wind; the sea covered them;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they sank like lead in the mighty waters.<br/> “Who is like you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, among the gods?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who is like you, majestic in holiness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>awesome in glorious deeds, doing wonders?<br/> You stretched out your right hand;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the earth swallowed them.<br/> “You have led in your steadfast love the people whom you have redeemed;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you have guided them by your strength to your holy abode.<br/> The peoples have heard; they tremble;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>pangs have seized the inhabitants of Philistia.<br/> Now are the chiefs of Edom dismayed;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>trembling seizes the leaders of Moab;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all the inhabitants of Canaan have melted away.<br/> Terror and dread fall upon them;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because of the greatness of your arm, they are still as a stone,<br/> till your people, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, pass by,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>till the people pass by whom you have purchased.<br/> You will bring them in and plant them on your own mountain,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the place, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, which you have made for your abode,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the sanctuary, O Lord, which your hands have established.<br/> The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will reign forever and ever.”</p> </div> <p>For when the horses of Pharaoh with his chariots and his horsemen went into the sea, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> brought back the waters of the sea upon them, but the people of Israel walked on dry ground in the midst of the sea. Then Miriam the prophetess, the sister of Aaron, took a tambourine in her hand, and all the women went out after her with tambourines and dancing. And Miriam sang to them:</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Sing to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, for he has triumphed gloriously;<br/> the horse and his rider he has thrown into the sea.”</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 107:1-43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Oh give thanks to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, for he is good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever!<br/> Let the redeemed of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> say so,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>whom he has redeemed from trouble<br/> and gathered in from the lands,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from the east and from the west,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>from the north and from the south.<br/> Some wandered in desert wastes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>finding no way to a city to dwell in;<br/> hungry and thirsty,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>their soul fainted within them.<br/> Then they cried to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in their trouble,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he delivered them from their distress.<br/> He led them by a straight way<br/> <span class="indent"></span>till they reached a city to dwell in.<br/> Let them thank the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> for his steadfast love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his wondrous works to the children of man!<br/> For he satisfies the longing soul,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the hungry soul he fills with good things.<br/> Some sat in darkness and in the shadow of death,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>prisoners in affliction and in irons,<br/> for they had rebelled against the words of God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and spurned the counsel of the Most High.<br/> So he bowed their hearts down with hard labor;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they fell down, with none to help.<br/> Then they cried to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in their trouble,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he delivered them from their distress.<br/> He brought them out of darkness and the shadow of death,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and burst their bonds apart.<br/> Let them thank the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> for his steadfast love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his wondrous works to the children of man!<br/> For he shatters the doors of bronze<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and cuts in two the bars of iron.<br/> Some were fools through their sinful ways,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and because of their iniquities suffered affliction;<br/> they loathed any kind of food,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and they drew near to the gates of death.<br/> Then they cried to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in their trouble,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he delivered them from their distress.<br/> He sent out his word and healed them,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and delivered them from their destruction.<br/> Let them thank the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> for his steadfast love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his wondrous works to the children of man!<br/> And let them offer sacrifices of thanksgiving,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and tell of his deeds in songs of joy!<br/> Some went down to the sea in ships,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>doing business on the great waters;<br/> they saw the deeds of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his wondrous works in the deep.<br/> For he commanded and raised the stormy wind,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>which lifted up the waves of the sea.<br/> They mounted up to heaven; they went down to the depths;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>their courage melted away in their evil plight;<br/> they reeled and staggered like drunken men<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and were at their wits’ end.<br/> Then they cried to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> in their trouble,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he delivered them from their distress.<br/> He made the storm be still,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the waves of the sea were hushed.<br/> Then they were glad that the waters were quiet,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he brought them to their desired haven.<br/> Let them thank the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> for his steadfast love,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his wondrous works to the children of man!<br/> Let them extol him in the congregation of the people,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and praise him in the assembly of the elders.<br/> He turns rivers into a desert,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>springs of water into thirsty ground,<br/> a fruitful land into a salty waste,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because of the evil of its inhabitants.<br/> He turns a desert into pools of water,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a parched land into springs of water.<br/> And there he lets the hungry dwell,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and they establish a city to live in;<br/> they sow fields and plant vineyards<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and get a fruitful yield.<br/> By his blessing they multiply greatly,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and he does not let their livestock diminish.<br/> When they are diminished and brought low<br/> <span class="indent"></span>through oppression, evil, and sorrow,<br/> he pours contempt on princes<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes them wander in trackless wastes;<br/> but he raises up the needy out of affliction<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and makes their families like flocks.<br/> The upright see it and are glad,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all wickedness shuts its mouth.<br/> Whoever is wise, let him attend to these things;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let them consider the steadfast love of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Nehemiah 12:27-43</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And at the dedication of the wall of Jerusalem they sought the Levites in all their places, to bring them to Jerusalem to celebrate the dedication with gladness, with thanksgivings and with singing, with cymbals, harps, and lyres. And the sons of the singers gathered together from the district surrounding Jerusalem and from the villages of the Netophathites; also from Beth-gilgal and from the region of Geba and Azmaveth, for the singers had built for themselves villages around Jerusalem. And the priests and the Levites purified themselves, and they purified the people and the gates and the wall.</p> <p>Then I brought the leaders of Judah up onto the wall and appointed two great choirs that gave thanks. One went to the south on the wall to the Dung Gate. And after them went Hoshaiah and half of the leaders of Judah, and Azariah, Ezra, Meshullam, Judah, Benjamin, Shemaiah, and Jeremiah, and certain of the priests’ sons with trumpets: Zechariah the son of Jonathan, son of Shemaiah, son of Mattaniah, son of Micaiah, son of Zaccur, son of Asaph; and his relatives, Shemaiah, Azarel, Milalai, Gilalai, Maai, Nethanel, Judah, and Hanani, with the musical instruments of David the man of God. And Ezra the scribe went before them. At the Fountain Gate they went up straight before them by the stairs of the city of David, at the ascent of the wall, above the house of David, to the Water Gate on the east.</p> <p>The other choir of those who gave thanks went to the north, and I followed them with half of the people, on the wall, above the Tower of the Ovens, to the Broad Wall, and above the Gate of Ephraim, and by the Gate of Yeshanah, and by the Fish Gate and the Tower of Hananel and the Tower of the Hundred, to the Sheep Gate; and they came to a halt at the Gate of the Guard. So both choirs of those who gave thanks stood in the house of God, and I and half of the officials with me; and the priests Eliakim, Maaseiah, Miniamin, Micaiah, Elioenai, Zechariah, and Hananiah, with trumpets; and Maaseiah, Shemaiah, Eleazar, Uzzi, Jehohanan, Malchijah, Elam, and Ezer. And the singers sang with Jezrahiah as their leader. And they offered great sacrifices that day and rejoiced, for God had made them rejoice with great joy; the women and children also rejoiced. And the joy of Jerusalem was heard far away.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 12:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore let us be grateful for receiving a kingdom that cannot be shaken, and thus let us offer to God acceptable worship, with reverence and awe,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 15 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 184 — For what things are we to pray?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/14</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 184.</span> For what things are we to pray?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> We are to pray for all things tending to the glory of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> the welfare of the church,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> our own<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> or others' good;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> but not for anything that is unlawful.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 6:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006009.01-1"><span class="woc">Pray then like this:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006009.05-1"><span class="woc">“Our Father in heaven,<br/> hallowed be your name.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 51:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051018.01-1">Do good to Zion in your good pleasure;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>build up the walls of Jerusalem;</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 122:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19122006.01-2">Pray for the peace of Jerusalem!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>“May they be secure who love you!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 7:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40007011.01-1"><span class="woc">If you then, who are evil, know how to give good gifts to your children, how much more will your Father who is in heaven give good things to those who ask him!</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 125:4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19125004.01-1">Do good, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, to those who are good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to those who are upright in their hearts!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 5:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62005014.01-1">And this is the confidence that we have toward him, that if we ask anything according to his will he hears us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 14 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 183 — For whom are we to pray?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/13</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 183.</span> For whom are we to pray?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> We are to pray for the whole church of Christ upon earth;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> for magistrates,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> and ministers;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> for ourselves,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> our brethren,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> yea, our enemies;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> and for all sorts of men living,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> or that shall live hereafter;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> but not for the dead,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup> nor for those that are known to have sinned the sin unto death.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">10</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 6:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006018.01-1">praying at all times in the Spirit, with all prayer and supplication. To that end keep alert with all perseverance, making supplication for all the saints,</p> </div><h5>Psalm 28:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19028009.01-2">Oh, save your people and bless your heritage!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Be their shepherd and carry them forever.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 2:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p54002001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v54002001-1">2:1 </span>First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people, for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 4:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51004003.01-1">At the same time, pray also for us, that God may open to us a door for the word, to declare the mystery of Christ, on account of which I am in prison—  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 32:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01032011.01-1">Please deliver me from the hand of my brother, from the hand of Esau, for I fear him, that he may come and attack me, the mothers with the children.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 5:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59005016.01-1">Therefore, confess your sins to one another and pray for one another, that you may be healed. The prayer of a righteous person has great power as it is working.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 5:44</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40005044.01-1"><span class="woc">But I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you,</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 2:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p54002001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v54002001-1">2:1 </span>First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people, for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 17:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43017020.01-1"><span class="woc">“I do not ask for these only, but also for those who will believe in me through their word,</span></p> </div><h5>2 Samuel 7:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10007029.01-2">Now therefore may it please you to bless the house of your servant, so that it may continue forever before you. For you, O Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>, have spoken, and with your blessing shall the house of your servant be blessed forever.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>2 Samuel 12:21-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p10012021.01-1">Then his servants said to him, “What is this thing that you have done? You fasted and wept for the child while he was alive; but when the child died, you arose and ate food.” He said, “While the child was still alive, I fasted and wept, for I said, ‘Who knows whether the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> will be gracious to me, that the child may live?’ But now he is dead. Why should I fast? Can I bring him back again? I shall go to him, but he will not return to me.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 5:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62005016.01-1">If anyone sees his brother committing a sin not leading to death, he shall ask, and God will give him life—to those who commit sins that do not lead to death. There is sin that leads to death; I do not say that one should pray for that.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 13 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 21.4 — Of religious worship, and the Sabbath day, part 4</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/12</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 21: Of Religious Worship, and the Sabbath Day</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">4.</span> Prayer is to be made for things lawful;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> and for all sorts of men living, or that shall live hereafter:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> but not for the dead,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup> nor for those of whom it may be known that they have sinned the sin unto death.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">4</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 5:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And this is the confidence that we have toward him, that if we ask anything according to his will he hears us.</p> </div> <h5>1 John 5:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If anyone sees his brother committing a sin not leading to death, he shall ask, and God will give him life—to those who commit sins that do not lead to death. There is sin that leads to death; I do not say that one should pray for that.</p> </div> <h5>John 15:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">If you abide in me, and my words abide in you, ask whatever you wish, and it will be done for you.</span></p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Timothy 2:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people, for kings and all who are in high positions, that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way.</p> </div> <h5>John 17:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">“I do not ask for these only, but also for those who will believe in me through their word,</span></p> </div> <h5>2 Samuel 7:29</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Now therefore may it please you to bless the house of your servant, so that it may continue forever before you. For you, O Lord <span class="small-caps">God</span>, have spoken, and with your blessing shall the house of your servant be blessed forever.”</p> </div> <h5>2 Chronicles 6:14-42</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>and said, “O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, God of Israel, there is no God like you, in heaven or on earth, keeping covenant and showing steadfast love to your servants who walk before you with all their heart, who have kept with your servant David my father what you declared to him. You spoke with your mouth, and with your hand have fulfilled it this day. Now therefore, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, God of Israel, keep for your servant David my father what you have promised him, saying, ‘You shall not lack a man to sit before me on the throne of Israel, if only your sons pay close attention to their way, to walk in my law as you have walked before me.’ Now therefore, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, God of Israel, let your word be confirmed, which you have spoken to your servant David.</p> <p>“But will God indeed dwell with man on the earth? Behold, heaven and the highest heaven cannot contain you, how much less this house that I have built! Yet have regard to the prayer of your servant and to his plea, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> my God, listening to the cry and to the prayer that your servant prays before you, that your eyes may be open day and night toward this house, the place where you have promised to set your name, that you may listen to the prayer that your servant offers toward this place. And listen to the pleas of your servant and of your people Israel, when they pray toward this place. And listen from heaven your dwelling place, and when you hear, forgive.</p> <p>“If a man sins against his neighbor and is made to take an oath and comes and swears his oath before your altar in this house, then hear from heaven and act and judge your servants, repaying the guilty by bringing his conduct on his own head, and vindicating the righteous by rewarding him according to his righteousness.</p> <p>“If your people Israel are defeated before the enemy because they have sinned against you, and they turn again and acknowledge your name and pray and plead with you in this house, then hear from heaven and forgive the sin of your people Israel and bring them again to the land that you gave to them and to their fathers.</p> <p>“When heaven is shut up and there is no rain because they have sinned against you, if they pray toward this place and acknowledge your name and turn from their sin, when you afflict them, then hear in heaven and forgive the sin of your servants, your people Israel, when you teach them the good way in which they should walk, and grant rain upon your land, which you have given to your people as an inheritance.</p> <p>“If there is famine in the land, if there is pestilence or blight or mildew or locust or caterpillar, if their enemies besiege them in the land at their gates, whatever plague, whatever sickness there is, whatever prayer, whatever plea is made by any man or by all your people Israel, each knowing his own affliction and his own sorrow and stretching out his hands toward this house, then hear from heaven your dwelling place and forgive and render to each whose heart you know, according to all his ways, for you, you only, know the hearts of the children of mankind, that they may fear you and walk in your ways all the days that they live in the land that you gave to our fathers.</p> <p>“Likewise, when a foreigner, who is not of your people Israel, comes from a far country for the sake of your great name and your mighty hand and your outstretched arm, when he comes and prays toward this house, hear from heaven your dwelling place and do according to all for which the foreigner calls to you, in order that all the peoples of the earth may know your name and fear you, as do your people Israel, and that they may know that this house that I have built is called by your name.</p> <p>“If your people go out to battle against their enemies, by whatever way you shall send them, and they pray to you toward this city that you have chosen and the house that I have built for your name, then hear from heaven their prayer and their plea, and maintain their cause.</p> <p>“If they sin against you—for there is no one who does not sin—and you are angry with them and give them to an enemy, so that they are carried away captive to a land far or near, yet if they turn their heart in the land to which they have been carried captive, and repent and plead with you in the land of their captivity, saying, ‘We have sinned and have acted perversely and wickedly,’ if they repent with all their heart and with all their soul in the land of their captivity to which they were carried captive, and pray toward their land, which you gave to their fathers, the city that you have chosen and the house that I have built for your name, then hear from heaven your dwelling place their prayer and their pleas, and maintain their cause and forgive your people who have sinned against you. Now, O my God, let your eyes be open and your ears attentive to the prayer of this place.</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“And now arise, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God, and go to your resting place,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you and the ark of your might.<br/> Let your priests, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God, be clothed with salvation,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and let your saints rejoice in your goodness.<br/> O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> God, do not turn away the face of your anointed one!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Remember your steadfast love for David your servant.”</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 16:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But Abraham said, ‘Child, remember that you in your lifetime received your good things, and Lazarus in like manner bad things; but now he is comforted here, and you are in anguish.</span> <span class="woc">And besides all this, between us and you a great chasm has been fixed, in order that those who would pass from here to you may not be able, and none may cross from there to us.’</span></p> </div> <h5>Isaiah 57:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The righteous man perishes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and no one lays it to heart;<br/> devout men are taken away,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>while no one understands.<br/> For the righteous man is taken away from calamity;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he enters into peace;<br/> they rest in their beds<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who walk in their uprightness.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 73:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">You guide me with your counsel,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and afterward you will receive me to glory.</p> </div> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 5:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Yes, we are of good courage, and we would rather be away from the body and at home with the Lord.</p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 5:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each one may receive what is due for what he has done in the body, whether good or evil.</p> </div> <h5>Philippians 1:21-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For to me to live is Christ, and to die is gain. If I am to live in the flesh, that means fruitful labor for me. Yet which I shall choose I cannot tell. I am hard pressed between the two. My desire is to depart and be with Christ, for that is far better. But to remain in the flesh is more necessary on your account.</p> </div> <h5>Revelation 14:13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And I heard a voice from heaven saying, “Write this: Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord from now on.” “Blessed indeed,” says the Spirit, “that they may rest from their labors, for their deeds follow them!”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 5:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>If anyone sees his brother committing a sin not leading to death, he shall ask, and God will give him life—to those who commit sins that do not lead to death. There is sin that leads to death; I do not say that one should pray for that.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 12 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 182 — How doth the Spirit help us to pray?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/11</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 182.</span> How doth the Spirit help us to pray?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> We not knowing what to pray for as we ought, the Spirit helpeth our infirmities, by enabling us to understand both for whom, and what, and how prayer is to be made; and by working and quickening in our hearts (although not in all persons, nor at all times, in the same measure) those apprehensions, affections, and graces which are requisite for the right performance of that duty.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:26-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008026.01-1">Likewise the Spirit helps us in our weakness. For we do not know what to pray for as we ought, but the Spirit himself intercedes for us with groanings too deep for words. And he who searches hearts knows what is the mind of the Spirit, because the Spirit intercedes for the saints according to the will of God.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 10:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19010017.01-2">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, you hear the desire of the afflicted;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you will strengthen their heart; you will incline your ear</p> </div> </div><h5>Zechariah 12:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p38012010.06-3">“And I will pour out on the house of David and the inhabitants of Jerusalem a spirit of grace and pleas for mercy, so that, when they look on me, on him whom they have pierced, they shall mourn for him, as one mourns for an only child, and weep bitterly over him, as one weeps over a firstborn.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 11 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 181 — Why are we to pray in the name of Christ?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/10</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 181.</span> Why are we to pray in the name of Christ?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> The sinfulness of man, and his distance from God by reason thereof, being so great, as that we can have no access into his presence without a mediator;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and there being none in heaven or earth appointed to, or fit for, that glorious work but Christ alone,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> we are to pray in no other name but his only.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 14:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43014006.01-1">Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.</span></p> </div><h5>Isaiah 59:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23059002.01-2">but your iniquities have made a separation<br/> <span class="indent"></span>between you and your God,<br/> and your sins have hidden his face from you<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so that he does not hear.</p> </div> </div><h5>Ephesians 3:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49003012.01-3">in whom we have boldness and access with confidence through our faith in him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 6:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43006027.01-1"><span class="woc">Do not labor for the food that perishes, but for the food that endures to eternal life, which the Son of Man will give to you. For on him God the Father has set his seal.”</span></p> </div><h5>Hebrews 7:25-27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58007025.01-2">Consequently, he is able to save to the uttermost those who draw near to God through him, since he always lives to make intercession for them.</p> <p id="p58007026.01-2">For it was indeed fitting that we should have such a high priest, holy, innocent, unstained, separated from sinners, and exalted above the heavens. He has no need, like those high priests, to offer sacrifices daily, first for his own sins and then for those of the people, since he did this once for all when he offered up himself.</p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54002005.01-3">For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003017.01-1">And whatever you do, in word or deed, do everything in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through him.</p> </div><h5>Hebrews 13:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p58013015.01-2">Through him then let us continually offer up a sacrifice of praise to God, that is, the fruit of lips that acknowledge his name.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Wed, 10 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 180 — What is it to pray in the name of Christ?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/09</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 180.</span> What is it to pray in the name of Christ?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> To pray in the name of Christ is, in obedience to his command, and in confidence on his promises, to ask mercy for his sake;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> not by bare mentioning of his name,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> but by drawing our encouragement to pray, and our boldness, strength, and hope of acceptance in prayer, from Christ and his mediation.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 14:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43014013.01-1"><span class="woc">Whatever you ask in my name, this I will do, that the Father may be glorified in the Son.</span> <span class="woc">If you ask me anything in my name, I will do it.</span></p> </div><h5>John 16:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43016024.01-2"><span class="woc">Until now you have asked nothing in my name. Ask, and you will receive, that your joy may be full.</span></p> </div><h5>Daniel 9:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27009017.01-3">Now therefore, O our God, listen to the prayer of your servant and to his pleas for mercy, and for your own sake, O Lord, make your face to shine upon your sanctuary, which is desolate.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 7:21</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40007021.05-1"><span class="woc">“Not everyone who says to me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ will enter the kingdom of heaven, but the one who does the will of my Father who is in heaven.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Hebrews 4:14-16</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p58004014.06-1">Since then we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus, the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession. For we do not have a high priest who is unable to sympathize with our weaknesses, but one who in every respect has been tempted as we are, yet without sin. Let us then with confidence draw near to the throne of grace, that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need.</p> </div><h5>1 John 5:13-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p62005013.05-2">I write these things to you who believe in the name of the Son of God that you may know that you have eternal life. And this is the confidence that we have toward him, that if we ask anything according to his will he hears us. And if we know that he hears us in whatever we ask, we know that we have the requests that we have asked of him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Tue, 09 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WLC 179 — Are we to pray unto God only?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/08</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 179.</span> Are we to pray unto God only?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> God only being able to search the hearts,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> hear the requests,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> pardon the sins,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and fulfill the desires of all;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> and only to be believed in,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> and worshiped with religious worship;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> prayer, which is a special part thereof,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> is to be made by all to him alone,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> and to none other.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Kings 8:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p11008039.01-1">then hear in heaven your dwelling place and forgive and act and render to each whose heart you know, according to all his ways (for you, you only, know the hearts of all the children of mankind),</p> </div><h5>Acts 1:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p44001024.01-2">And they prayed and said, “You, Lord, who know the hearts of all, show which one of these two you have chosen</p> </div><h5>Romans 8:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008027.01-3">And he who searches hearts knows what is the mind of the Spirit, because the Spirit intercedes for the saints according to the will of God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 65:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19065002.01-1">O you who hear prayer,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to you shall all flesh come.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Micah 7:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p33007018.06-1">Who is a God like you, pardoning iniquity<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and passing over transgression<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for the remnant of his inheritance?<br/> He does not retain his anger forever,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because he delights in steadfast love.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 145:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19145018.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is near to all who call on him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to all who call on him in truth.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 10:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45010014.01-1">How then will they call on him in whom they have not believed? And how are they to believe in him of whom they have never heard? And how are they to hear without someone preaching?  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 4:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40004010.01-1">Then Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Be gone, Satan! For it is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40004010.13-1"><span class="woc">“‘You shall worship the Lord your God<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and him only shall you serve.’”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 1:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="chapter-first" id="p46001002.01-1">To the church of God that is in Corinth, to those sanctified in Christ Jesus, called to be saints together with all those who in every place call upon the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, both their Lord and ours:  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 45:22</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p23045022.01-1">“Turn to me and be saved,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>all the ends of the earth!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>For I am God, and there is no other.</p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 6:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40006009.01-2"><span class="woc">Pray then like this:</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p40006009.05-2"><span class="woc">“Our Father in heaven,<br/> hallowed be your name.</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 50:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19050015.01-3">and call upon me in the day of trouble;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will deliver you, and you shall glorify me.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Isaiah 43:11</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">I, I am the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and besides me there is no savior.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 46:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="indent"></span>remember the former things of old;<br/> for I am God, and there is no other;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I am God, and there is none like me,</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Mon, 08 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>WSC 98 + WLC 178 — What is prayer?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/07</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Shorter Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 98.</span> What is prayer?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc1">1</sup> for things agreeable to his will,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc2">2</sup> in the name of Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc3">3</sup> with confession of our sins,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc4">4</sup> and thankful acknowledgment of his mercies.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wsc5">5</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 178.</span> What is prayer?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> Prayer is an offering up of our desires unto God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">6</sup> in the name of Christ,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">7</sup> by the help of his Spirit;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">8</sup> with confession of our sins,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">9</sup> and thankful acknowledgment of his mercies.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">10</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wsc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 10:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19010017.01-1">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, you hear the desire of the afflicted;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you will strengthen their heart; you will incline your ear</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 62:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19062008.01-2">Trust in him at all times, O people;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>pour out your heart before him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>God is a refuge for us. <span class="selah">Selah</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 7:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40007007.07-3"><span class="woc">“Ask, and it will be given to you; seek, and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you.</span> <span class="woc">For everyone who asks receives, and the one who seeks finds, and to the one who knocks it will be opened.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 5:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62005014.01-1">And this is the confidence that we have toward him, that if we ask anything according to his will he hears us.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 16:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43016023.01-1"><span class="woc">In that day you will ask nothing of me. Truly, truly, I say to you, whatever you ask of the Father in my name, he will give it to you.</span> <span class="woc">Until now you have asked nothing in my name. Ask, and you will receive, that your joy may be full.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 32:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19032005.01-1">I acknowledged my sin to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I did not cover my iniquity;<br/> I said, “I will confess my transgressions to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you forgave the iniquity of my sin. <span class="selah">Selah</span></p> <p class="line-group" id="p19032006.01-1">Therefore let everyone who is godly<br/> <span class="indent"></span>offer prayer to you at a time when you may be found;<br/> surely in the rush of great waters,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they shall not reach him.</p> </div> </div><h5>Daniel 9:4-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27009004.01-2">I prayed to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> my God and made confession, saying, “O Lord, the great and awesome God, who keeps covenant and steadfast love with those who love him and keep his commandments, we have sinned and done wrong and acted wickedly and rebelled, turning aside from your commandments and rules. We have not listened to your servants the prophets, who spoke in your name to our kings, our princes, and our fathers, and to all the people of the land. To you, O Lord, belongs righteousness, but to us open shame, as at this day, to the men of Judah, to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and to all Israel, those who are near and those who are far away, in all the lands to which you have driven them, because of the treachery that they have committed against you. To us, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, belongs open shame, to our kings, to our princes, and to our fathers, because we have sinned against you. To the Lord our God belong mercy and forgiveness, for we have rebelled against him and have not obeyed the voice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God by walking in his laws, which he set before us by his servants the prophets. All Israel has transgressed your law and turned aside, refusing to obey your voice. And the curse and oath that are written in the Law of Moses the servant of God have been poured out upon us, because we have sinned against him. He has confirmed his words, which he spoke against us and against our rulers who ruled us, by bringing upon us a great calamity. For under the whole heaven there has not been done anything like what has been done against Jerusalem. As it is written in the Law of Moses, all this calamity has come upon us; yet we have not entreated the favor of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, turning from our iniquities and gaining insight by your truth. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has kept ready the calamity and has brought it upon us, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God is righteous in all the works that he has done, and we have not obeyed his voice. And now, O Lord our God, who brought your people out of the land of Egypt with a mighty hand, and have made a name for yourself, as at this day, we have sinned, we have done wickedly.</p> <p id="p27009016.01-2">“O Lord, according to all your righteous acts, let your anger and your wrath turn away from your city Jerusalem, your holy hill, because for our sins, and for the iniquities of our fathers, Jerusalem and your people have become a byword among all who are around us. Now therefore, O our God, listen to the prayer of your servant and to his pleas for mercy, and for your own sake, O Lord, make your face to shine upon your sanctuary, which is desolate. O my God, incline your ear and hear. Open your eyes and see our desolations, and the city that is called by your name. For we do not present our pleas before you because of our righteousness, but because of your great mercy. O Lord, hear; O Lord, forgive. O Lord, pay attention and act. Delay not, for your own sake, O my God, because your city and your people are called by your name.”</p> </div><h5>1 John 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62001009.01-3">If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wsc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 103:1-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19103001.09-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19103001-1">103:1 </span>Bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, O my soul,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all that is within me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>bless his holy name!<br/>  Bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, O my soul,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and forget not all his benefits,<br/>  who forgives all your iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who heals all your diseases,<br/>  who redeems your life from the pit,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who crowns you with steadfast love and mercy,<br/>  who satisfies you with good<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so that your youth is renewed like the eagle's.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 136</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19136001.06-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19136001-2">136:1 </span>Give thanks to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, for he is good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever.<br/>  Give thanks to the God of gods,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever.<br/>  Give thanks to the Lord of lords,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19136004.01-2">to him who alone does great wonders,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  to him who by understanding made the heavens,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  to him who spread out the earth above the waters,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  to him who made the great lights,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  the sun to rule over the day,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  the moon and stars to rule over the night,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19136010.01-2">to him who struck down the firstborn of Egypt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  and brought Israel out from among them,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  with a strong hand and an outstretched arm,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  to him who divided the Red Sea in two,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  and made Israel pass through the midst of it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  but overthrew Pharaoh and his host in the Red Sea,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  to him who led his people through the wilderness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19136017.01-2">to him who struck down great kings,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  and killed mighty kings,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  Sihon, king of the Amorites,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  and Og, king of Bashan,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  and gave their land as a heritage,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  a heritage to Israel his servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19136023.01-2">It is he who remembered us in our low estate,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  and rescued us from our foes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  he who gives food to all flesh,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19136026.01-2">Give thanks to the God of heaven,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever.</p> </div> </div><h5>Philippians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50004006.01-3">do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 10:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19010017.01-1">O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, you hear the desire of the afflicted;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you will strengthen their heart; you will incline your ear</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 62:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19062008.01-2">Trust in him at all times, O people;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>pour out your heart before him;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>God is a refuge for us. <span class="selah">Selah</span></p> </div> </div><h5>Matthew 7:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p id="p40007007.07-3"><span class="woc">“Ask, and it will be given to you; seek, and you will find; knock, and it will be opened to you.</span> <span class="woc">For everyone who asks receives, and the one who seeks finds, and to the one who knocks it will be opened.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 16:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43016023.01-1"><span class="woc">In that day you will ask nothing of me. Truly, truly, I say to you, whatever you ask of the Father in my name, he will give it to you.</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45008026.01-1">Likewise the Spirit helps us in our weakness. For we do not know what to pray for as we ought, but the Spirit himself intercedes for us with groanings too deep for words.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 32:5-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19032005.01-1">I acknowledged my sin to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and I did not cover my iniquity;<br/> I said, “I will confess my transgressions to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,”<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you forgave the iniquity of my sin. <span class="selah">Selah</span></p> <p class="line-group" id="p19032006.01-1">Therefore let everyone who is godly<br/> <span class="indent"></span>offer prayer to you at a time when you may be found;<br/> surely in the rush of great waters,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they shall not reach him.</p> </div> </div><h5>1 John 1:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p62001009.01-2">If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness.</p> </div><h5>Daniel 9:4-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p27009004.01-3">I prayed to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> my God and made confession, saying, “O Lord, the great and awesome God, who keeps covenant and steadfast love with those who love him and keep his commandments, we have sinned and done wrong and acted wickedly and rebelled, turning aside from your commandments and rules. We have not listened to your servants the prophets, who spoke in your name to our kings, our princes, and our fathers, and to all the people of the land. To you, O Lord, belongs righteousness, but to us open shame, as at this day, to the men of Judah, to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and to all Israel, those who are near and those who are far away, in all the lands to which you have driven them, because of the treachery that they have committed against you. To us, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, belongs open shame, to our kings, to our princes, and to our fathers, because we have sinned against you. To the Lord our God belong mercy and forgiveness, for we have rebelled against him and have not obeyed the voice of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God by walking in his laws, which he set before us by his servants the prophets. All Israel has transgressed your law and turned aside, refusing to obey your voice. And the curse and oath that are written in the Law of Moses the servant of God have been poured out upon us, because we have sinned against him. He has confirmed his words, which he spoke against us and against our rulers who ruled us, by bringing upon us a great calamity. For under the whole heaven there has not been done anything like what has been done against Jerusalem. As it is written in the Law of Moses, all this calamity has come upon us; yet we have not entreated the favor of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, turning from our iniquities and gaining insight by your truth. Therefore the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has kept ready the calamity and has brought it upon us, for the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God is righteous in all the works that he has done, and we have not obeyed his voice. And now, O Lord our God, who brought your people out of the land of Egypt with a mighty hand, and have made a name for yourself, as at this day, we have sinned, we have done wickedly.</p> <p id="p27009016.01-3">“O Lord, according to all your righteous acts, let your anger and your wrath turn away from your city Jerusalem, your holy hill, because for our sins, and for the iniquities of our fathers, Jerusalem and your people have become a byword among all who are around us. Now therefore, O our God, listen to the prayer of your servant and to his pleas for mercy, and for your own sake, O Lord, make your face to shine upon your sanctuary, which is desolate. O my God, incline your ear and hear. Open your eyes and see our desolations, and the city that is called by your name. For we do not present our pleas before you because of our righteousness, but because of your great mercy. O Lord, hear; O Lord, forgive. O Lord, pay attention and act. Delay not, for your own sake, O my God, because your city and your people are called by your name.”  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50004006.01-1">do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God.</p> </div><h5>Psalm 103:1-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19103001.09-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19103001-2">103:1 </span>Bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, O my soul,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all that is within me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>bless his holy name!<br/>  Bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, O my soul,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and forget not all his benefits,<br/>  who forgives all your iniquity,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who heals all your diseases,<br/>  who redeems your life from the pit,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who crowns you with steadfast love and mercy,<br/>  who satisfies you with good<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so that your youth is renewed like the eagle's.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 136</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19136001.06-3"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19136001-3">136:1 </span>Give thanks to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, for he is good,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever.<br/>  Give thanks to the God of gods,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever.<br/>  Give thanks to the Lord of lords,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19136004.01-3">to him who alone does great wonders,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  to him who by understanding made the heavens,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  to him who spread out the earth above the waters,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  to him who made the great lights,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  the sun to rule over the day,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  the moon and stars to rule over the night,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19136010.01-3">to him who struck down the firstborn of Egypt,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  and brought Israel out from among them,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  with a strong hand and an outstretched arm,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  to him who divided the Red Sea in two,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  and made Israel pass through the midst of it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  but overthrew Pharaoh and his host in the Red Sea,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  to him who led his people through the wilderness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19136017.01-3">to him who struck down great kings,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  and killed mighty kings,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  Sihon, king of the Amorites,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  and Og, king of Bashan,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  and gave their land as a heritage,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  a heritage to Israel his servant,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19136023.01-3">It is he who remembered us in our low estate,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  and rescued us from our foes,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever;<br/>  he who gives food to all flesh,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever.</p> <p class="line-group" id="p19136026.01-3">Give thanks to the God of heaven,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his steadfast love endures forever.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
      <guid isPermaLink="false">tag:reformedconfessions.com,2025:westminster-daily/09/07</guid>
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      <pubDate>Sun, 07 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 21.3 + WLC 185 — How are we to pray?</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/06</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 21: Of Religious Worship, and the Sabbath Day</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">3.</span> Prayer, with thanksgiving, being one special part of religious worship,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">16</sup> is by God required of all men:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">17</sup> and, that it may be accepted, it is to be made in the name of the Son,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">18</sup> by the help of his Spirit,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf4">19</sup> according to his will,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf5">20</sup> with understanding, reverence, humility, fervency, faith, love, and perseverance;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf6">21</sup> and, if vocal, in a known tongue.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf7">22</sup></p><h4>Larger Catechism</h4><p><span class="q">Q 185.</span> How are we to pray?</p><p><span class="q">A.</span> We are to pray with an awful apprehension of the majesty of God,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc1">1</sup> and deep sense of our own unworthiness,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc2">2</sup> necessities,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc3">3</sup> and sins;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc4">4</sup> with penitent,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc5">5</sup> thankful,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc6">6</sup> and enlarged hearts;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc7">7</sup> with understanding,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc8">8</sup> faith,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc9">9</sup> sincerity,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc10">10</sup> fervency,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc11">11</sup> love,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc12">12</sup> and perseverance,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc13">13</sup> waiting upon him,<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc14">14</sup> with humble submission to his will.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wlc15">15</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wlc1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 33:8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19033008.01-1">Let all the earth fear the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let all the inhabitants of the world stand in awe of him!</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 95:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19095006.01-2">Oh come, let us worship and bow down;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let us kneel before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, our Maker!</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 145:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19145005.01-3">On the glorious splendor of your majesty,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and on your wondrous works, I will meditate.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Genesis 18:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01018027.01-1">Abraham answered and said, “Behold, I have undertaken to speak to the Lord, I who am but dust and ashes.</p> </div><h5>Genesis 32:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p01032010.01-2">I am not worthy of the least of all the deeds of steadfast love and all the faithfulness that you have shown to your servant, for with only my staff I crossed this Jordan, and now I have become two camps.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 15:17-19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42015017.01-1"><span class="woc">“But when he came to himself, he said, ‘How many of my father's hired servants have more than enough bread, but I perish here with hunger!</span> <span class="woc">I will arise and go to my father, and I will say to him, “Father, I have sinned against heaven and before you.</span> <span class="woc">I am no longer worthy to be called your son. Treat me as one of your hired servants.”’</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Luke 18:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p42018013.01-1"><span class="woc">But the tax collector, standing far off, would not even lift up his eyes to heaven, but beat his breast, saying, ‘God, be merciful to me, a sinner!’</span> <span class="woc">I tell you, this man went down to his house justified, rather than the other. For everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, but the one who humbles himself will be exalted.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 51:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19051017.01-1">The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>a broken and contrite heart, O God, you will not despise.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p50004006.01-1">do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Samuel 1:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p09001015.01-1">But Hannah answered, “No, my lord, I am a woman troubled in spirit. I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but I have been pouring out my soul before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.</p> </div><h5>1 Samuel 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <p class="chapter-first" id="p09002001.03-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v09002001-2">2:1 </span>And Hannah prayed and said,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p09002001.08-2">“My heart exults in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my strength is exalted in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.<br/> My mouth derides my enemies,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>because I rejoice in your salvation.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc8"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 14:15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46014015.01-1">What am I to do? I will pray with my spirit, but I will pray with my mind also; I will sing praise with my spirit, but I will sing with my mind also.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc9"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Mark 11:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p41011024.01-1"><span class="woc">Therefore I tell you, whatever you ask in prayer, believe that you have received it, and it will be yours.</span></p> </div><h5>James 1:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59001006.01-2">But let him ask in faith, with no doubting, for the one who doubts is like a wave of the sea that is driven and tossed by the wind.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc10"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 145:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19145018.01-1">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is near to all who call on him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to all who call on him in truth.</p> </div> </div><h5>Psalm 17:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19017001.11-2"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19017001-2">17:1 </span>Hear a just cause, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>; attend to my cry!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Give ear to my prayer from lips free of deceit!  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc11"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>James 5:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p59005016.01-1">Therefore, confess your sins to one another and pray for one another, that you may be healed. The prayer of a righteous person has great power as it is working.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc12"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 116:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p19116001.05-1"><span class="chapter-num" id="v19116001-1">116:1 </span>I love the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, because he has heard<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my voice and my pleas for mercy.<br/>  Because he inclined his ear to me,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>therefore I will call on him as long as I live.</p> </div> </div><h5>Romans 15:30</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45015030.01-2">I appeal to you, brothers, by our Lord Jesus Christ and by the love of the Spirit, to strive together with me in your prayers to God on my behalf,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc13"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Ephesians 6:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49006018.01-1">praying at all times in the Spirit, with all prayer and supplication. To that end keep alert with all perseverance, making supplication for all the saints,  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc14"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Micah 7:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group" id="p33007007.01-1">But as for me, I will look to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will wait for the God of my salvation;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>my God will hear me.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wlc15"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Matthew 26:39</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p40026039.01-1">And going a little farther he fell on his face and prayed, saying, <span class="woc">“My Father, if it be possible, let this cup pass from me; nevertheless, not as I will, but as you will.”</span>  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Philippians 4:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>do not be anxious about anything, but in everything by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be made known to God.</p> </div> <h5>1 Timothy 2:1</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>First of all, then, I urge that supplications, prayers, intercessions, and thanksgivings be made for all people,</p> </div> <h5>Colossians 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Continue steadfastly in prayer, being watchful in it with thanksgiving.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 65:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">O you who hear prayer,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to you shall all flesh come.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 67:3</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Let the peoples praise you, O God;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let all the peoples praise you!</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 96:7-8</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Ascribe to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, O families of the peoples,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>ascribe to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> glory and strength!<br/> Ascribe to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> the glory due his name;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>bring an offering, and come into his courts!</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 148:11-13</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Kings of the earth and all peoples,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>princes and all rulers of the earth!<br/> Young men and maidens together,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>old men and children!<br/> Let them praise the name of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for his name alone is exalted;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his majesty is above earth and heaven.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Isaiah 55:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Seek the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> while he may be found;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>call upon him while he is near;<br/> let the wicked forsake his way,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the unrighteous man his thoughts;<br/> let him return to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, that he may have compassion on him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to our God, for he will abundantly pardon.</p> </div> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 14:13-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43014013.01-1"><span class="woc">Whatever you ask in my name, this I will do, that the Father may be glorified in the Son.</span> <span class="woc">If you ask me anything in my name, I will do it.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Peter 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p60002005.01-2">you yourselves like living stones are being built up as a spiritual house, to be a holy priesthood, to offer spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf4"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 8:26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Likewise the Spirit helps us in our weakness. For we do not know what to pray for as we ought, but the Spirit himself intercedes for us with groanings too deep for words.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 6:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>praying at all times in the Spirit, with all prayer and supplication. To that end, keep alert with all perseverance, making supplication for all the saints,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf5"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 John 5:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>And this is the confidence that we have toward him, that if we ask anything according to his will he hears us.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf6"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Psalm 47:7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">For God is the King of all the earth;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>sing praises with a psalm!</p> </div> </div> <h5>Ecclesiastes 5:1-2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Guard your steps when you go to the house of God. To draw near to listen is better than to offer the sacrifice of fools, for they do not know that they are doing evil. Be not rash with your mouth, nor let your heart be hasty to utter a word before God, for God is in heaven and you are on earth. Therefore let your words be few.</p> </div> <h5>Hebrews 12:28</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore let us be grateful for receiving a kingdom that cannot be shaken, and thus let us offer to God acceptable worship, with reverence and awe,</p> </div> <h5>Genesis 18:27</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Abraham answered and said, “Behold, I have undertaken to speak to the Lord, I who am but dust and ashes.</p> </div> <h5>James 5:16</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Therefore, confess your sins to one another and pray for one another, that you may be healed. The prayer of a righteous person has great power as it is working.</p> </div> <h5>James 1:6-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>But let him ask in faith, with no doubting, for the one who doubts is like a wave of the sea that is driven and tossed by the wind. For that person must not suppose that he will receive anything from the Lord;</p> </div> <h5>Mark 11:24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Therefore I tell you, whatever you ask in prayer, believe that you have received it, and it will be yours.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 6:12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">and forgive us our debts,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">as we also have forgiven our debtors.</span></p> </div> </div> <h5>Matthew 6:14-15</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph"><span class="woc">For if you forgive others their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you,</span> <span class="woc">but if you do not forgive others their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses.</span></p> </div> <h5>Colossians 4:2</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Continue steadfastly in prayer, being watchful in it with thanksgiving.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 6:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>praying at all times in the Spirit, with all prayer and supplication. To that end, keep alert with all perseverance, making supplication for all the saints,</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf7"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>1 Corinthians 14:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p46014014.01-1">For if I pray in a tongue, my spirit prays but my mind is unfruitful.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Sat, 06 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 21.2 — Of religious worship, and the Sabbath day, part 2</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/05</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 21: Of Religious Worship, and the Sabbath Day</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">2.</span> Religious worship is to be given to God, the Father, Son, and Holy Ghost; and to him alone;<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> not to angels, saints, or any other creature:<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup> and, since the fall, not without a Mediator; nor in the mediation of any other but of Christ alone.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf3">3</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 5:23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">that all may honor the Son, just as they honor the Father. Whoever does not honor the Son does not honor the Father who sent him.</span></p> </div> <h5>Matthew 28:19</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,</span></p> </div> <h5>2 Corinthians 13:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ and the love of God and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all.</p> </div> <h5>Ephesians 3:14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For this reason I bow my knees before the Father,</p> </div> <h5>Revelation 5:11-14</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">Then I looked, and I heard around the throne and the living creatures and the elders the voice of many angels, numbering myriads of myriads and thousands of thousands, saying with a loud voice,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“Worthy is the Lamb who was slain,<br/> to receive power and wealth and wisdom and might<br/> and honor and glory and blessing!”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">And I heard every creature in heaven and on earth and under the earth and in the sea, and all that is in them, saying,</p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">“To him who sits on the throne and to the Lamb<br/> be blessing and honor and glory and might forever and ever!”</p> </div> <p class="same-paragraph">And the four living creatures said, “Amen!” and the elders fell down and worshiped.</p> </div> <h5>Acts 10:25-26</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>When Peter entered, Cornelius met him and fell down at his feet and worshiped him. But Peter lifted him up, saying, “Stand up; I too am a man.”</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Colossians 2:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51002018.01-1">Let no one disqualify you, insisting on asceticism and worship of angels, going on in detail about visions, puffed up without reason by his sensuous mind,</p> </div><h5>Revelation 19:10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p66019010.01-2">Then I fell down at his feet to worship him, but he said to me, “You must not do that! I am a fellow servant with you and your brothers who hold to the testimony of Jesus. Worship God.” For the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy.</p> </div><h5>Romans 1:25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p45001025.01-3">because they exchanged the truth about God for a lie and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever! Amen.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf3"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>John 14:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p43014006.01-1">Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me.</span></p> </div><h5>1 Timothy 2:5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p54002005.01-2">For there is one God, and there is one mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus,</p> </div><h5>Ephesians 2:18</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p49002018.01-3">For through him we both have access in one Spirit to the Father.</p> </div><h5>Colossians 3:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p id="p51003017.01-4">And whatever you do, in word or deed, do everything in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through him.  (ESV)</p> </div> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Fri, 05 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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      <title>WCF 21.1 — Of religious worship, and the Sabbath day, part 1</title>
      <link>https://reformedconfessions.com/westminster-daily/09/04</link>
      <description><![CDATA[<h4>Confession of Faith</h4><h5>Chapter 21: Of Religious Worship, and the Sabbath Day</h5><p><span class="paragraph-number">1.</span> The light of nature showeth that there is a God, who hath lordship and sovereignty over all, is good, and doth good unto all, and is therefore to be feared, loved, praised, called upon, trusted in, and served, with all the heart, and with all the soul, and with all the might.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf1">1</sup> But the acceptable way of worshiping the true God is instituted by himself, and so limited by his own revealed will, that he may not be worshiped according to the imaginations and devices of men, or the suggestions of Satan, under any visible representation, or any other way not prescribed in the Holy Scripture.<sup id="fnref:fnref:wcf2">2</sup></p><div class="footnote"><hr/><ol><li id="fn:fnref:wcf1"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Romans 1:20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For his invisible attributes, namely, his eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly perceived, ever since the creation of the world, in the things that have been made. So they are without excuse.</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 19:1-4</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The heavens declare the glory of God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the sky above proclaims his handiwork.<br/> Day to day pours out speech,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and night to night reveals knowledge.<br/> There is no speech, nor are there words,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>whose voice is not heard.<br/> Their voice goes out through all the earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and their words to the end of the world.<br/> In them he has set a tent for the sun,</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 50:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The heavens declare his righteousness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for God himself is judge! Selah</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 97:6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The heavens proclaim his righteousness,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all the peoples see his glory.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 145:9-12</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is good to all,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his mercy is over all that he has made.<br/> All your works shall give thanks to you, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and all your saints shall bless you!<br/> They shall speak of the glory of your kingdom<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and tell of your power,<br/> to make known to the children of man your mighty deeds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and the glorious splendor of your kingdom.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Acts 14:17</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Yet he did not leave himself without witness, for he did good by giving you rains from heaven and fruitful seasons, satisfying your hearts with food and gladness.”</p> </div> <h5>Psalm 104:1-35</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, O my soul!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> my God, you are very great!<br/> You are clothed with splendor and majesty,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>covering yourself with light as with a garment,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>stretching out the heavens like a tent.<br/> He lays the beams of his chambers on the waters;<br/> he makes the clouds his chariot;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>he rides on the wings of the wind;<br/> he makes his messengers winds,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>his ministers a flaming fire.<br/> He set the earth on its foundations,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so that it should never be moved.<br/> You covered it with the deep as with a garment;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the waters stood above the mountains.<br/> At your rebuke they fled;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>at the sound of your thunder they took to flight.<br/> The mountains rose, the valleys sank down<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to the place that you appointed for them.<br/> You set a boundary that they may not pass,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>so that they might not again cover the earth.<br/> You make springs gush forth in the valleys;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they flow between the hills;<br/> they give drink to every beast of the field;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the wild donkeys quench their thirst.<br/> Beside them the birds of the heavens dwell;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>they sing among the branches.<br/> From your lofty abode you water the mountains;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the earth is satisfied with the fruit of your work.<br/> You cause the grass to grow for the livestock<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and plants for man to cultivate,<br/> that he may bring forth food from the earth<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and wine to gladden the heart of man,<br/> oil to make his face shine<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and bread to strengthen man’s heart.<br/> The trees of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> are watered abundantly,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the cedars of Lebanon that he planted.<br/> In them the birds build their nests;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the stork has her home in the fir trees.<br/> The high mountains are for the wild goats;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the rocks are a refuge for the rock badgers.<br/> He made the moon to mark the seasons;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the sun knows its time for setting.<br/> You make darkness, and it is night,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when all the beasts of the forest creep about.<br/> The young lions roar for their prey,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>seeking their food from God.<br/> When the sun rises, they steal away<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and lie down in their dens.<br/> Man goes out to his work<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and to his labor until the evening.<br/> O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, how manifold are your works!<br/> <span class="indent"></span>In wisdom have you made them all;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the earth is full of your creatures.<br/> Here is the sea, great and wide,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>which teems with creatures innumerable,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>living things both small and great.<br/> There go the ships,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and Leviathan, which you formed to play in it.<br/> These all look to you,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>to give them their food in due season.<br/> When you give it to them, they gather it up;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when you open your hand, they are filled with good things.<br/> When you hide your face, they are dismayed;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>when you take away their breath, they die<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and return to their dust.<br/> When you send forth your Spirit, they are created,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and you renew the face of the ground.<br/> May the glory of the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> endure forever;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>may the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> rejoice in his works,<br/> who looks on the earth and it trembles,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>who touches the mountains and they smoke!<br/> I will sing to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> as long as I live;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>I will sing praise to my God while I have being.<br/> May my meditation be pleasing to him,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>for I rejoice in the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>.<br/> Let sinners be consumed from the earth,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and let the wicked be no more!<br/> Bless the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, O my soul!<br/> Praise the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>!</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 86:8-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">There is none like you among the gods, O Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>nor are there any works like yours.<br/> All the nations you have made shall come<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and worship before you, O Lord,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and shall glorify your name.<br/> For you are great and do wondrous things;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>you alone are God.</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 95:1-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Oh come, let us sing to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let us make a joyful noise to the rock of our salvation!<br/> Let us come into his presence with thanksgiving;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let us make a joyful noise to him with songs of praise!<br/> For the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is a great God,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and a great King above all gods.<br/> In his hand are the depths of the earth;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>the heights of the mountains are his also.<br/> The sea is his, for he made it,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and his hands formed the dry land.<br/> Oh come, let us worship and bow down;<br/> <span class="indent"></span>let us kneel before the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>, our Maker!</p> </div> </div> <h5>Psalm 89:5-7</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group">Let the heavens praise your wonders, O <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>your faithfulness in the assembly of the holy ones!<br/> For who in the skies can be compared to the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>?<br/> <span class="indent"></span>Who among the heavenly beings is like the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span>,<br/> a God greatly to be feared in the council of the holy ones,<br/> <span class="indent"></span>and awesome above all who are around him?</p> </div> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 6:4-5</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Hear, O Israel: The <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> our God, the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> is one. You shall love the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your might.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li><li id="fn:fnref:wcf2"><p></p><div class="esv"><h5>Deuteronomy 12:32</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Everything that I command you, you shall be careful to do. You shall not add to it or take from it.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 15:9</h5> <div class="esv-text"><div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">in vain do they worship me,</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.’”</span></p> </div> </div> <h5>Acts 17:23-25</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>For as I passed along and observed the objects of your worship, I found also an altar with this inscription: ‘To the unknown god.’ What therefore you worship as unknown, this I proclaim to you. The God who made the world and everything in it, being Lord of heaven and earth, does not live in temples made by man, nor is he served by human hands, as though he needed anything, since he himself gives to all mankind life and breath and everything.</p> </div> <h5>Matthew 4:9-10</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p class="same-paragraph">And he said to him, “All these I will give you, if you will fall down and worship me.” Then Jesus said to him, <span class="woc">“Be gone, Satan! For it is written,</span></p> <div class="block-indent"> <p class="line-group"><span class="woc">“‘You shall worship the Lord your God</span><br/> <span class="indent"></span><span class="woc">and him only shall you serve.’”</span></p> </div> </div> <h5>Deuteronomy 4:15-20</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“Therefore watch yourselves very carefully. Since you saw no form on the day that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> spoke to you at Horeb out of the midst of the fire, beware lest you act corruptly by making a carved image for yourselves, in the form of any figure, the likeness of male or female, the likeness of any animal that is on the earth, the likeness of any winged bird that flies in the air, the likeness of anything that creeps on the ground, the likeness of any fish that is in the water under the earth. And beware lest you raise your eyes to heaven, and when you see the sun and the moon and the stars, all the host of heaven, you be drawn away and bow down to them and serve them, things that the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God has allotted to all the peoples under the whole heaven. But the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> has taken you and brought you out of the iron furnace, out of Egypt, to be a people of his own inheritance, as you are this day.</p> </div> <h5>Exodus 20:4-6</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>“You shall not make for yourself a carved image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth. You shall not bow down to them or serve them, for I the <span class="small-caps">Lord</span> your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers on the children to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments.</p> </div> <h5>John 4:23-24</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p><span class="woc">But the hour is coming, and is now here, when the true worshipers will worship the Father in spirit and truth, for the Father is seeking such people to worship him.</span> <span class="woc">God is spirit, and those who worship him must worship in spirit and truth.”</span></p> </div> <h5>Colossians 2:18-23</h5> <div class="esv-text"><p>Let no one disqualify you, insisting on asceticism and worship of angels, going on in detail about visions, puffed up without reason by his sensuous mind, and not holding fast to the Head, from whom the whole body, nourished and knit together through its joints and ligaments, grows with a growth that is from God.</p> <p>If with Christ you died to the elemental spirits of the world, why, as if you were still alive in the world, do you submit to regulations—“Do not handle, Do not taste, Do not touch” (referring to things that all perish as they are used)—according to human precepts and teachings? These have indeed an appearance of wisdom in promoting self-made religion and asceticism and severity to the body, but they are of no value in stopping the indulgence of the flesh.</p> </div> <p class="copyright-line">(ESV)</p> </div> </li></ol></div>]]></description>
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      <pubDate>Thu, 04 Sep 2025 00:00:00 -0400</pubDate>
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